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AN ENGLISH ALPHABET, For the Uſe of FOREIGNERS: WHEREIN THE PRONUNCIATION OF THE VOWELS, or VOICE-LETTERS, IS EXPLAINED IN Twelve ſhort general Rules, With their ſeveral Exceptions, AS ABRIDGED (For the INSTRUCTION of OMAI) From a larger Work.

LONDON: Printed by J. W. GALABIN, INGRAM-COURT, for B. WHITE, Fleet-Street, and C. DILLY, Poultry. M.DCC.LXXXVI.

[3]

VOICE Letters, or Vowels,

A, E, I, O, U, and Y.

A ſounds like the French e in bête, as in ca-ble, fa-ble, ſa-ble, ba-ker, ha-ven, la-dy, ma-ker.

E like the French i in mille, as in be, he e-vil, le-gal, &c.

I. The Engliſh ſound of i muſt be acquired by ear or imitation.

O like the French o, or au, as in go, ſo, no lo-cal mo-ment, &c.

U like ew in few, pew, &c. as in du-ty fu-ry hu-man, &c.

Y, when a vowel, like the Engliſh i, as in buy, guy, (wherein u is mute,) dry, fry, my, dye, &c. in diſſyllables accented on the laſt ſyllable, as ally, comply, deny, &c. and in all words compounded with the Latin word fio, as deify, magnify, ſpecify, &c.

Double Voice-Letters, called Diphthongs.

[4]

Au and aw like the foreign a, as in maul, paul, ſprawl, law, ſaw, paw. See Rule IV.

Oi and oy, as in oil, boil, boy. See Rule V.

Oo like the French ou, as in boot, broom, loop, poor. See Rule VI.

Ou, ow, as in bound, crown. See Rule VII.

Improper Diphthongs, wherein only one of the vowels are ſounded.

Ai, ay, and ey, like the Engliſh a, or French ai, as ai in Bail, dainty, gain, nail, ſail, Ay in may, pray, ſay, way. Ey in prey, grey, they, whey, convey, obey, ſurvey. See Rule VIII.

Ae, ea, ee, ei, ie, and oe, like the Engliſh e, or foreign i, as ae aether, ea in pea, ſea. Ee in eel, deep, feet, meet, ſteep. Ei in ceiling, ſeize, receive. Ie in ſhield, grieve, grief, reprieve, Oe in foetus, ſubpoena, &c. except in the end of a word ie is like i, as in die, lie, and oe is like o, as in foe, hoe, toe. See Rule IX. and its exceptions.

Eu, ew, and iew, like a ſingle u long, as in Europe, dew, view. See Rule X.

Oa like o long, as in boat, coat, grown, moan, &c. See Rule XI.

Ue like a ſhort e, as in gueſs, gueſt. See Rule XII.

Ui like a ſhort i, as in build, guild. See Rule XII.

A TABLE of VOWELS, DIPHTHONGS and TERMINATIONS, the Engliſh ſound of which cannot be eaſily expreſſed in foreign letters, and ſhould therefore be learned by ear, viz.

I long, * as in bible, mitre, nitre, pirate.

O and u ſhort, before a conſonant in the ſame ſyllable, as in odd, nod, lord, &c. and in mud, ſtrut, ſtun, urn, &c.

Oi and oy, which have both the ſame ſound, as in oil, boil, coil, boy, coy, hoy, &c.

Ou and ow (not like the French ou, in the pronunciation of which the lips are almoſt cloſed, but) with an open articulation, as in pound, our, gown, power.

Alſo the following terminations, viz.

  • -ire,
  • -tion
  • -cious
  • -tious

as in dire, fire, ſalvation, delicious, fictitious, &c.

Engliſh Alphabet.

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  • A a like ai, ay, ey, or the French ê.
  • B b Ba, Be, Bi, Bo, Bu.
  • C c like K before a, o, u,—ca, co, cu.
  • C c like S before e, i, y,—ce, ci, cy.
  • D d Da, De, Di, Do, Du, Dy.
  • E e like ae, ea, ee, or the foreign i.
  • F f like Ph, or Greek Φ, Fa, Fe, Fi, Fo, Fu, Fy.
  • G g like gh, or Greek Γ, before a, o, and u, as Ga, Go, Gu,
  • G g like g ſoft, or j, before e, i, and y, as Ge, Gi, Gy, except a few words; viz. geeſe, gewgaw, geld, gelt, get, (with its compounds,) gibberiſh, gibbous, giddy, gift, gig, giggle, gild, girl, give, forgive, gilt, gimblet, gimp, gird, girt, girdle, begin, gizzard, Gideon, Gibbons, Gilbert, Gilpin.
  • H h Ha, He, Hi, Ho, Hu, Hy, but is mute in a few words; as hour, honour, honeſt, heir, herb, humour, hoſtler, thyme, John, Thomas, Thomaſin, and Thames. Alſo in Greek words, when preceded by r, as rheum, rhyme, rhetoric, myrrh, &c. and laſtly at the end of words, as ah, hah, Iſaiah, Sarah, &c.
  • I i Engliſh, or long, like the Greek [...], or ſomething like the French i before n in prince.
  • [7]J j conſonant like g ſoft, Ja, Je, Ji, Jo, Ju, Jy.
  • K k Ka, Ke, Ki, Ko, Ku, Ky.
  • L l La, Le, Li, Lo, Lu, Ly.
  • M m Ma, Me, Mi, Mo, Mu, My.
  • N n Na, Ne, Ni, No, Nu, Ny.
  • O o long, like the foreign o.
  • P p Pa, Pe, Pi, Po, Pu, Py.
  • Q q Qua, Que, Qui, Quo, Qu, Quy.
  • R r Ra, Re, Ri, Ro, Ru, Ry.
  • S s Sa, Se, Si, So, Su, Sy.
  • T t Ta, Te, Ti, To, Tu, Ty.
  • U u like ew in dew, few, new, &c.
  • V v conſonant, Va, Ve, Vi, Vo, Vu, Vy.
  • W w Wa, We, Wi, Wo, Wu, Wy.
  • X x Xa, Xe, Xi, Xo, Xu, Xy.
  • Y y Ya, Ye, Yi, Yo, Yu.
  • Z z Za, Ze, Zi, Zo, Zu, Zy.
  • Ch Cha, Che, Chi, Cho, Chu, Chy, except in words derived from the Greek tongue, wherein it ſounds like c hard or k.
  • Ph like f, Pha, Phe, Phi, Pho, Phu, Phy.
  • Sh Sha, She, Shi, Sho, Shu, Shy.
  • Th ſometimes like Greek Θ, (or hard,) as in thank, think, thigh, &c. and ſometimes like dth, (or ſoft,) as in thou, they, that, this, though, or tho', thus, thence.
  • Wh Wha, Whe, Whi, Who, Whu, Why.
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RULE I.RULE II.RULE III.
The vowels, or voice-letters, when alone, have the Engliſh or long ſound, asBut, before a conſonant in the ſame ſyllable,When e is placed at the end of a ſyllable, the preceding voice-letter retains the Engliſh ſound, as
a and alſo when they are at the end of a ſyllable, and are joined to a preceding conſonant, as Baa has a ſhort ſound of aw, as ab.abe in babe
e and alſo when they are at the end of a ſyllable, and are joined to a preceding conſonant, as Bee has a ſhort ſound of a, as eb.ebe—glebe
i and alſo when they are at the end of a ſyllable, and are joined to a preceding conſonant, as Bii has a ſhort ſound of e, as ib.ibe—tribe
o and alſo when they are at the end of a ſyllable, and are joined to a preceding conſonant, as Boo is ſhort as in ob.obe—robe
u and alſo when they are at the end of a ſyllable, and are joined to a preceding conſonant, as Buu is ſhort as in ub.ube—tube
y and alſo when they are at the end of a ſyllable, and are joined to a preceding conſonant, as ByThe ſhort ſound of o and u muſt be acquired by ear. 
AAtAte
BaBatBate
BaBarBare
CaCatCate
CaCapCape
CaCanCane
CaCagCage
BeBedBede (a name)
BiBidAbide
BiBitBite
BoBon, bon-fireBone
DaDamDame
DiDinDine
DoDotDote
FaFatFate
FiFillFile
GaGatGate
HaHatHate
HoHopHope
HiHidHide
KiKitKite
LaLadLade
MaMadMade
MaMarMare
MaMatMate
MiMillMile
NoNotNote
OOddOde
PiPinPine
RaRatRate
RiRidRide
RiRipRipe
RoRobRobe
RuRud (colour)Rude
SiSirSire
SniSnipSnipe
SloSlopSlope
SpiSpitSpite
StaStarStare
StiStillStile
StriStrik-enStrike
TaTapTape
ToTopTope
TuTunTune
VaVanVane
WaWanWane
WaWadWade
WaWarWare
WiWillWile
WhiWhinWhine
ChiChinChine
ShiShinShine
ThiThin (Th hard)Thine (Th ſoft)

(EXCEPTIONS to RULE I.)

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Particular exceptions concerning a at the end of a ſyllable.

A is like the French a, or Engliſh diphthong aw, in wa-ter; it has a medium-ſund between aw and the Engliſh a in fa-ther, and the laſt ſyllable of pa-pa, mam-ma; and it ſounds like a ſhort e, or foreign é, in a-ny and ma-ny.

Particular exceptions concerning i.

I ſounds like the Engliſh e, or foreign i, in ac-qui-eſce, bi-er, pi-er, ti-er.

General exceptions concerning i.

I is pronounced ſhort before another vowel in the termination of all words of more than two ſyllables when it is not radical; as in a′-mi-a-ble, de-mo-ni-ac′, ca′r-ri-age, ſo′-ci-al, Wi′l-li-am, Sty′g-i-an, da′l-li-ance, va′l-i-ant, Span′-i-ard, a′-pi-ary, ſo′-ci-al, in-ſid-ia′-tor, al-le-vi-a′-tion, ma′r-ri-ed, a′-li-en, co′n-ſci-ence, am′-bi-ent, gla′-ſi-er, ſpe′-ci-es, ſe-rag′-li-o, ax′-i-om, poſ-te′-ri-or, wa′r-ri-our, con′-ſci-ous, i′d-i-ot, pre′-mi-um, &c. But, in the proper names Mari′-a and So-phi′-a, when given to Engliſh [13] women, it is pronounced according to rule. Alſo in af-fi-ance, and the derivatives from the diſſyables ending in y, which are mentioned in the example; as al-li′-ance, com-pli′-ance, de-ni′-al, de-fi′-ance, and re-li′-ance, wherein the i* retains the ſound of the y in the original words, and is accented accordingly.

Particular exceptions concerning o.

O is like oo in do, (and its compounds,) to, and who, though the latter (who) is pronounced according to the rule in the northern parts of England.

U is like the Engliſh ou (hereafter explained) in the firſt ſyllable of cu-cumber.

General exception concerning y.

Y, at the end of all words of two or more ſyllables, (except thoſe mentioned in the example,) is pronounced like a ſhort i, as in carry, envy, commiſſary, &c. the accent being laid on one of the former ſyllables.

A Repetition of RULE II. reſpecting Vowels, or Voice-Letters, in ſyllables ending with a conſonant.

[14]

The vowels are pronounced ſhort in all ſyllables ending with a conſonant, (except in the particular caſes hereafter noted,) and the three firſt vowels have the foreign articulation, without any other material difference except that of being pronounced ſhort.

EXAMPLES.
  • A has a ſhort articulation of the Engliſh aw, or rather of the Italian a, as in add, bad, lad, mad, &c.
  • E has exactly the ſound of the Italian or French é, as in bed, fed, led, red, &c.
  • I has a ſhort articulation of the French i or Engliſh e, as in bid, did, hid, kid, &c.
  • The ſhort ſound of the two other vowels (viz. o and u) muſt be acquired by ear, (ſee page 5,) as in odd, got, not, rob, &c. and in mud, grub, ſtrut, ſtun, &c.

EXCEPTIONS to RULE II.

Particular exceptions concerning a before a conſonant.

A is like the French ai in a′n-gel, baſs, cám-brick, Cám-bridge, da′n-ger, and [15] mán-ger. It has a medium ſound between aw and the Engliſh a in han't, (for have not,) máſ-ter, and pláſ-ter,; and is like aw in hal-ſer, (wherein l is mute,) falſe, and pal-ſy.

General exceptions concerning a before a conſonant.

A has the ſound of aw likewiſe before ld and lt, as in bald, cal-dron, al-tar, &c. in all primitive monoſyllables ending in ll, (except ſhall and mall, which are pronounced according to rule,) as in all, gall, fall, &c. and before lk, (wherein l is mute,) as balk, ſtalk, walk, talk, &c. but, before lf, lm, lve, and before nd in words derived from the Latin word mando, it is ſounded like the Italian a, only ſomewhat ſhorter, as in half, calm, ſalve, command, demand, &c.

Particular exceptions concerning e before a conſonant.

E is like a ſhort i in England, pretty, yes, and yet, and like a ſhort a in yel-low.

General exception concerning e before s.

E is long before s in the ultimate of plural nouns, and third perſons ſingular [16] of verbs when preceded by c, s, z, or g, as in fá-ces, * hór-ſes, aſ-ſí-zes, rá-ges, &c. but, in all other terminations with ſilent e, (except in Latin words,) the es may be ſounded in the ſame ſyllable, as bride, brides; ride, rides; name, names; &c.

Particular exceptions concerning i before a conſonant.

I retains its Engliſh or long ſound in blithe, endict and indict, (wherein c is mute,) mild, pint, and wild; alſo in child and Chriſt, but not in their derivatives, children, chriſten, and Chriſtian.

General exceptions concerning i before a conſonant.

I is long in all primitive words (and their compounds and derivatives) ending in nd, as bind, rind, wind, &c. though in wind, the ſubſtantive, and its compounds, it is ſometimes pronounced ſhort.

It is alſo long before gh, as in high, nigh, light, &c. in which gh is mute, having no other uſe than that of lengthening the i.

It is long alſo before gn at the end of a word, and the g is mute, as in be-nign, ſign, [17] and its compounds conſign, deſign, &c. and their derivatives in -er, -ed, -edly, and -ment, but no others; for in re-ſig-na-tion, conſig-na-tion, ſig-ni-fied, &c. the i is ſhort according to rule, and the g is pronounced.

General exceptions concerning o before a conſonant.

O retains its long ſound in all words ending in ld and lt, as behóld, bold, cold, bolt, colt, &c. and in all their compounds and derivatives.

Particular exceptions of o before a conſonant.

O is long in boll, bolſter, comb, (wherein b is mute,) control, droll, folk, (wherein l is mute,) force, fort, ghoſt, groſs, holſter, hoſt, moſt, only, poſt, poll, pat-roll, port, roll, ſcroll, ſloth, ſport, and ſword, (wherein w is mute,) ſtroll, toll, and troll, and in their compounds, &c. But in compt and its compounds, ac-compt, &c. it ſounds like the Engliſh diphthong ou, as if ſpelt count, account, &c.

O has the ſound of a ſhort u * in af-frónt, at-tór-ney, bomb, bór-age, bó-rough, [18] bró-ther, co-lour, cóm-fits, cóm-fort, cóm-pany, cóm-paſs, cón-duit, cón-ey, cón-ſta-ble, cóz-en, cóv-e-nant, cóv-er, cóv-et, cóv-ey, diſ-cóm-fit, dóz-en, góv-ern, hón-ey, Lón-don, Món-day, món-ey, monk, món-key, món-ger, món-grel, month, móth-er, ón-ion, óth-er, óv-en, póm-mel, póth-er, róm-age, ront, ſon, ſhóv-el, ſlóv-en, ſmóth-er, ton, thó-rough-ly, won, wón-der, word, world, work, worm, wór-ſted, worth, wóm-an, (in the ſingular only, the plural being pronounced as if ſpelt wím-men,) wór-ry, wort, wór-ſhip, and their compounds, &c. except diÓs;-cov-er and re-cóv-er, which are pronounced according to rule.

O is ſounded like oo in tomb and womb, (wherein b is ſilent,) lo-ſer, gold, whom, and whoſe;* and is mute in jeóp-ar-dy, leó-pard, and peó-ple, which are pronounced as if written jép-par-dy, lép-pard, pée-ple.

Particular exceptions of u before a conſonant.

U is like a ſhort i in bu-ſy, and its compounds, &c. and the s like z.

Repetition of RULE III. relating to VOWELS in ſyllables ending with ſilent e.

[19]

When e or ue follow a conſonant in the ſame ſyllable, the preceding vowel retains its original open, or long, ſound.

Examples.

Ace, face, re-céde, dice, vote, con-fúte, vague, vogue, col-légue, &c. Alſo ad-více, de-více, en-tíce, ſuf-fíce, ſac-ri-fíce, a-líve, con-níve, con-tríve, de-prive, de-ríve, re-víve, and ſur-víve, which are accented on the laſt ſyllable.

N. B. Derivatives from words ending in e for the moſt part retain their original ſound, even when the e is omitted, as ſpar-ing, -ed, from ſpare; waſt-er, -ing, -ed, from waſte; rang-er, -ing, -ed, from range; &c.

The vowel a is long, even before two conſonants, when they are followed by e in the ſame ſyllable, (except before -nce,) as in ache, haſte, waſte, change, grange, range, &c. and their compounds and derivatives.

EXCEPTIONS to RULE III.

[20]

General exceptions.

The four vowels, e, i, o, u, are ſounded ſhort before two conſonants, as in fringe, re-venge, ſolve, ſerve, tinge, ſludge, grudge, &c.

Words having the accent on the penultima * or antepenultima; in all which the laſt ſyllable, being ſhort, is pronounced as if the e and ue final were abſent, as in cál-a-mine, Cáth-a-rine, cát-a-logue, déc-a-logue, de-póſ-ite, déſ-tine, de-tér-mine, diſ-frán-chiſe, dóc-trine, én-gine, ép-i-logue, éx-qui-ſite, grán-ite, har-ángue, fín-ite, and its compounds, már-it-ime, méd-i-cine, mín-ute, (not the adjective for ſmall,) mor-tiſe, péd-a-gogue, prác-tiſe, (verb,) pró-logue, pró-miſe, ſap-phire, ſy′n-a-gogue, tréa-tiſe, and u-rine.

Particular exceptions.

The following monoſyllables are likewiſe pronounced as if e final were abſent, viz. dare, (the verb,) give, gone, have, live, and one.

There, were, and where, are pronounced as if ſpelt with the diphthong ai, thair, [21] wair, and whair; but in all other words (except what are mentioned above) the vowels a, e, i, or y, when they come before re * final, are ſounded long according to the third rule, as in are, care, here, mere, deſire, fire, lyre, &c. as if ſpelt air, cair, heer, meer, deſier, &c.

Particular exceptions concerning i in ſyllables ending with ſilent e.

I is ſounded like ee in writhe and o-blige, though in the northern parts of England the latter is ſounded according to rule.

General exceptions concerning i in ſyllables ending with ſilent e.

I in all adjectives of more than one ſyllable ending in ile, and in all words (except thoſe mentioned in the above example) ending in ice and ive, is pronounced ſhort, as in ſér-vile, jú-ven-ile, ca-príce, mál-ice, én-dive, póſ-it-ive, &c.

Particular exceptions concerning o in ſyllables ending in ſilent e.

O like a ſhort u in a-bóve, come, cóme-ly, done, dove, glove, love, póre-blind, [22] ſome, ſhove, ſponge, tongue, worſe, and in the termination -dom; and like oo in loſe, move, prove, and Rome.

Of PROPER DIPHTHONGS.

Proper diphthongs have ſounds of their own, different from the long and ſhort ſounds of the Engliſh vowels.

RULE IV.

Au and aw like the French a in ame, as in maul, paul, ſprawl, law, ſaw, paw, &c.

Particular exceptions.

Au is like a long o in auf (more commonly ſpelt oaf) and hautboy, like a ſhort o in cauliflower, and like the Engliſh a long in gauge.

RULE V.

Oi and oy. The proper articulation of theſe diphthongs is that which is given them in the Engliſh words oil, boil, coy, hoy, &c. (See liſt of vowels, diphthongs, &c. which cannot be expreſſed in foreign letters, page 5.)

Oi is ſounded like ſhort u in tor-toiſe.

RULE VI.

Oo is like the French ou in bout, as in boot, broom, loop, moor, poor, &c.

[23] Particular exceptions.

Oo is not pronounced ſo full, but partakes a little of the ſound of a ſhort u in blood, flood, foot, good, hood, ſtood, ſoot, wood, and wool. Oo has the ſound of o long in door and floor. *

RULE VII.

Ou, ow. The proper pronunciation of theſe diphthongs is that which is given them in the Engliſh words bound, found, crown, cow, flower, ſow, (noun,) coward, &c. For a more particular account ſee page 4.

Particular exceptions concerning ou.

Ou is like a ſhort u in bouge, boúg-et, (commonly written budge and budget,) bór-ough, coún-try, coú-ple, coúr-age, coúſ-in, doú-ble, doúb-let, joúr-nal, joúr-ney, mounch, noúr-riſh, thór-oughly, thór-ough-fare, troú-ble, touch, ſcourge, ſhou'd, cou'd, and wou'd; alſo in enough, rough, ſlough, (when it ſignifies the part which ſeparates from a [24] ſore,) and tough, in all which the gh final ſounds like f; but ou is like a ſhort o in cough, lough, (or lake,) and trough, as if ſpelt coff, loff, and troff. Ou is like o long in coul-ter, courſe, (and its compounds diſ-courſe, &c.) court, dough, four, fur-lough, gourd, mourn, mould, moult, poult, poul-try, poul-ter-er, poul-tice, ſhoul-der, ſoul, though; and like oo in bouſe, ca-rouſe, gouge, through, and un-couth.

General exceptions concerning ou.

Ou before ght, which has a medium-ſound between aw and o long, as in ought, bought, thought, &c. and in the termination of words of more than one ſyllable, in -our and -ous, it ſounds like a ſhort u, as in ho-nour, ſa-viour, pi-ous, righ-teous, &c.

Particular exceptions concerning ow.

Ow ſounds like o long in bow when it ſignifies a weapon or ſegment of a circle; (but in the verb bow it is pronounced according to rule.) It is like o long alſo in bowl, (or baſon, but not in bowl the verb, nor its derivatives, &c.) blow, crow, flow, flown, (from fly,) glow, grow, know, [25] low, mow, owe, own, prow, prowl, row, ſow, (the verb,) ſhow, ſlow, ſnow, ſtrow, ſtow, tow, (noun and verb,) trow, and throw, and their derivatives.

General exception concerning ow.

Ow final, in words of more than one ſyllable, is like a ſhort o, the w being mute; as in bár-row, bél-low, fól-low, &c. Three words are independent of this exception, viz. al-low, wherein ow is pronounced according to the rule, and be-low and beſtow, wherein it ſounds like o long.

N. B. Many of the words contained in the above exceptions are pronounced in the broad dialects of the northern parts of England as they are ſpelt; that is, ou and ow are pronounced according to the 7th rule, as in bound, cow, &c. viz. trough, (making gh ſilent,) four, mould, moult, poultry, poultice, ſhoulder, bowl, (or baſon,) glow, grow, mow, owe, own, ſtrow, trow, ought, bought, &c.

Of improper Diphthongs.

Improper diphthongs take the ſound of but one of their vowels, the other being mute.

RULE VIII.

[26]

Ai, ay, and ey, are like the French ai, or Engliſh a long, as ai in dainty, bail, gain, day, may, grey, prey, convey, obey, ſurvey, bey, dey, &c.

Particular exceptions concerning ai.

Ai is like a ſhort e in vil-lain and mur-rain, and ſometimes in ſaid.

General exceptions concerning ai.

Ai when alone, or at the end of a ſyllable, is like the Greek [...], or Engliſh i long, as in A-chai-a, and the Hebrew names Ben-ái-ah, Iſ-ái-ah, Mi-cái-ah, Cái-a-phas, &c.

Particular exceptions concerning ey.

Ey is like the Engliſh i in hey! and hey-day! and like the Engliſh e or French i in Ceylon, key, and Seymour.

General exceptions concerning ey.

Ey, at the end of words of more than one ſyllable, (when the accent is placed on a former ſyllable,) is like a ſhort i, as in ál-ley, at-tór-ney, bár-ley, gál-ley, hón-ey, &c.

RULE IX.

[27]

Ae, ea, ee, ei, ie, and oe, are like the French i in fille, or the Engliſh e long, as in daemon, (or demon,) beat, dear, lead, and read, (verbs,) meet, feet, re-ceipt, de-ceit, de-ceive, ceil-ing, ſeign-o-ry, ſeize, ſhield, re-prieve, grief, foe-tus, ſub-poena, &c.

Particular exceptions concerning ea.

Ea is like the French é in bread, breakfaſt, breaſt, breath, (noun only,) cleanly, and cleanſe, (not in clean,) dead, deaf, death, dread, en-déa-vour, féa-ther, héav-en, héav-y, jéal-ous, léav-en, lead, (metal,) léath-er, méa-ſure, miſ-téach, péaſ-ant, phéaſ-ant, pléaſ-ure, péaſ-cod, réad-y, realm, read, (only in the preter tenſe and participle paſſive,) ſtéad-y, in-ſtéad, ſpread, ſweat, teat, thread, thréat-en, tréach-e-ry, tread, tréa-ſure, wéa-ther, wéap-on, wreak, zéa-lous, zéal-ot, (not in zeal,) yeaſt, and their compounds and derivatives not already excepted. But like the French diphthong ai in bear,* break, great, [28] ſwear, tear, (the verb,) wear, wheal, and weal, (the mark of a ſtripe, but not in weal for proſperity,) and like a ſhort a in heark-en, hearth, and heart.

General exceptions concerning ea.

But in all other words before r, when another conſonant follows in the ſame ſyllable, it is ſounded like er or ir, as in dearth, earl, earn, earn-eſt, earl-y, earth, hearſe, heard, learn, &c.

Ea before three conſonants in the ſame ſyllable is like the French é, as in health, breadth, wealth, &c.

Particular exceptions concerning ee.

Ee is like a ſhort i in breech, (noun and verb,) breechings, and breeches.

Particular exceptions concerning ei.

Ei is like the long Engliſh i in ſleight, (artifice,) but is like a ſhort i in fór-feit and ſúr-feit; like a ſhort e in fo-reign and hei-fer; and like the diphthong ai in hei-nous, heir, lei-ſure, (though ſometimes like a ſhort e in lei-ſure,) ſkein, their, veil, and vein.

[29] General exceptions concerning ei.

Ei is like the long Engliſh i when it is not followed by a conſonant in the ſame ſyllable; as in Pleï-a-des, Hei-del-berg, Hei-den-heym, Rei-gate, &c. but in ei-ther and nei-ther it is ſometimes like the Engliſh a long, and ſometimes according to rule, like the Engliſh e long.

Ei is like the Engliſh a in all words wherein it precedes -gh, gn, and -nt, in the ſame ſyllable, as weigh, freight, deign, feign, &c. (in all which g is mute,) feint, teint, &c. except in three words mentioned above, ſleight, ſeignory, and foreign.

Particular exceptions concerning ie.

Ie is like a ſhort e in friend, and like a ſhort i in ſieve.

General exceptions concerning ie and oe.

Ie and oe at the end of a word are always like the firſt vowel in each diphthong, viz. ie like i long, and oe like o long, as in die, foe, &c. except in two words, ſhoe and canoe, wherein oe is commonly like oo.

N. B. The ſame is to be obſerved of the diphthong ue and ye at the end of a word; the former being like a long u, and the latter like a long i, as in due, pye, &c. the [30] ſame likewiſe when s is added to make the plural nouns or third perſon ſingular of verbs, as dies, foes, dues, pies, &c. and the s ſo added is pronounced like z.

RULE X.

Eu, ew, and iew, like a ſingle u long,* as in Eu-rope, eu-nuch, brew, dew, view, &c.

Except ew in ſew, which is commonly ſounded like a long o.

RULE XI.

Oa is pronounced like o long, as in boat, coat, grown, moan, &c.

Except in broad, a-broad, and groat, wherein it partakes a little of the ſound of aw; and like ai in goal, (for gaol,) and the g is pronounced ſoft, as if ſpelt jail.

RULE XII.

Ue and ui, before a conſonant in the ſame ſyllable, have the ſhort ſound of the laſt vowel in each diphthong; viz. ue like a ſhort e, as in gueſs, gueſt, &c. and ui like a ſhort i, as in build, guild, conduit, &c. but [31] in words ending with ſilent e, the diphthong ui is pronounced like the Engliſh i long, according to the third rule, as in guide, guile, diſguiſe, &c.

Particular exceptions.

In the following words, the u alone is pronounced, viz. bruiſe, cruiſe, fruit, juice, nui-ſance, pur-ſuit, re-cruit, ſluice, ſuit, and ſuit-or, which are ſounded as if ſpelt bruze, cruze, nu-ſance, &c.

N. B. When ua, ue, ui, and uo, follow q in the ſame ſyllable, the u has the power of w, which power cannot more eaſily be expreſſed to foreigners than by comparing it to the ſound of u in the French word quoi! or quoy! as in quar-rel, quack, queſ-tion, quick, quite, quit, quote, &c.

A TABLE of words, which are independent of the foregoing Rules and Exceptions, with the common Pronunciation expreſſed in Italics.

BUOY, boey; victuals, vittles; colonel, curnel; George, Jorge; iſland, iland; lieutenant, leuftenant; quay, kee; two, too; yacht, yot; yeoman, yewman; yelk, or yolk, (of an egg,) yoke.

A TABLE of Foreign Words which ſtill retain their original Pronunciation, (or nearly ſo,) notwithſtanding that they are in a Manner adopted, by frequent Uſe, into the Engliſh Language.

[32]

ACcoutre, antique, archives, arriere, banditti, beau, bureau, caviare, cartouch, connoiſſeur, courier, croup, cuiraſs, environ, eſcrutoire, faſcine, groupe, intrigue, lieu, machine, magazine, marine, palanquin, pas, piquant, pique, piquet, police, poltron, ponton, prame, profile, rendezvous, roquelaure, rouge, ſcout, ſophi, ſoup, tête-à-tête, tornado, toupee, tour, tranſmarine, vermicelli, violoncello, jonquil, adieu.

A TABLE, or INDEX, of the Words, which (with their ſeveral Compounds and Derivatives) are Exceptions to the foregoing Rules, viz.

[]
A.Vowels.Sounded likeRule.Page.
ABóveoŭ321
A-bróadoaaw1130
Ac-qui-éſceiā112
Af-fróntoŭ217
An-gelaā214
A-nyaĕ212
At-tór-neyoŭ217
Aufauō422
B.    
Baſsaā214
Bear (noun and verb)eaai927
Be-lówowō725
Be-ſtówowō725
Bí-eriē112
Blitheiī216
Bloodooŭ623
Blowowō724
Bolloō217
Ból-ſteroō217
Bomboŭ217
Bór-ageoŭ723
Bór-oughoŭ217
Bór-oughouŭ217
Bougeouŭ723
Boúg-etouŭ723
Bouſeouoo724
Bow (noun)owō724
Bowl (or baſon)owō724
Breadeaĕ927
Breakeaā927
Bréak-faſteaĕ927
Breaſtea27
Breath (noun)ea27
Breéch, -es, -ings,eeĭ928
Broadoaaw1130
Bróth-erou218
Bruiſeuiū1231
Bu-ſyuĭ218
C.    
Cám-brickaā214
Cam-bridgeaā214
Can-óeoeoo929
Car-oúſeouoo724
Caú [...]li-flowerauŏ422
Cey [...]loneyē826
Child but not their derivativesiĭ216
Chriſt but not their derivatives
Clean-ly not in cleaneaĕ927
Cleanſe not in cleaneaĕ927
Cól-ouroŭ218
Comboō217
Comeoŭ321
Come-lyou321
Com-atsoŭ218
Cóm-fortou218
Com-pa-nyoŭ218
Cóm-paſsoŭ218
Comptoou217
Con-duitoŭ218
Con-eyoŭ218
Con-ſta-bleoŭ218
Con-troloō217
Cou'douŭ723
Cóv-e-nantoŭ218
Cóv-eroŭ218
Cóv-etoŭ218
Cóv-eyoŭ218
Coughouŏ724
Cóul-terouō724
Cóun-tryouŭ723
Cóu-pleouŭ723
Coúr-ageouŭ723
Courſe, (diſ-courſe, &c.)ouō724
Courtouō724
Coú-ſinouŭ723
Cóz-en (verb)oŭ218
Crowowō724
Cruiſeuiū1231
Cú-cum-beruou113
D.    
Dán-geraā214
Dareaă320
Deadeaĕ927
Deafeaĕ927
Deatheaĕ927
Diſ-cóm-fitoŭ218
Doooo113
Doneoŭ321
Doorooō623
Doveoŭ321
Doú-bleouŭ723
Doúb-let
Doughouō724
Doz-enoŭ218
Dreadeaĕ927
Drolloō217
E.    
En-déa-voureaĕ927
En-dict and Indictiī216
Eng-landeĭ215
E noúghouŭ723
F.    
Falſeaau215
Fá-theraaw112
Feá-thereaĕ927
Floodooŭ623
Floorooō623
Flowowō724
Flown (from fly)owō724
Folkoō217
Footooŭ623
Forceoō217
Fortoō217
For-eigneiĕ928
928
Fór-feiteiī928
Fourouo724
Friendieĕ929
Fruituiū1231
Fúr-loughouō724
G.    
Gaugeauā422
Ghoſtoō217
Giveiĭ320
Gloveoŭ321
Glowowō724
Goal (g ſoft)oaā1130
Goldooo218
Goneoo320
Goodoo [...]623
Gov-erno [...]218
Gougeouoo724
Gourdouō724
Greateaā927
Groatoaaw1130
Groſsoō217
Growowō724
H.    
Hál-ſer (l mute)aaw215
Han't (for have not)aaw215
Haveaă320
Haút-boy (t mute)auō422
Headeaĕ927
Héark-eneaă928
Hearteaă928
Heartheaă928
Héav-eneaĕ927
Hea-vyeaĕ927
Héi-fereiĕ928
Héin-ouseiā928
Heir (h mute)eiā928
Hey! Hey-day!eyī826
Hol-ſteroō217
Hon-eyoŭ218
Hoodooŭ623
Hoſtoō217
I.    
Jéa-louseaĕ927
Jéop-ar dyeoĕ218
In-ſteadeaĕ927
Joúr-nalouŭ723
Joúr-neyouŭ723
Juiceuiū1231
K.    
Keyeyee826
Knowowō724
L.    
Lead (noun)eaĕ927
Léath-ereaĕ927
Léav-eneaĕ927
Lei-ſureeiā and ſometimes [...]928
Léo-pardeoe218
Liveiĭ320
Lón-donoŭ218
Loſe, -er,ooo322
218
Loveoú321
Lough (or lake)oó724
Lowowó725
M.    
Mam-máaaw112
Man-geraā215
Má-nyaă112
Ma [...]-teraaw215
Meaſ-ureeaĕ927
Mildiī216
Miſ-téacheae927
Món-dayou218
Món-eyoŭ218
-Món-gerou218
Món-greloú218
Monkoú218
Món-keyoŭ218
Monthoū218
Moſtoō217
Móth-eroŭ218
Moveooo322
Mouldouō724
Moultouō724
Mounchouŭ723
Mournouō724
Mowowō725
Múr-rainaiĕ826
N.    
Noú-riſhouŭ723
Nuí-ſanceuiū1231
O.    
 i   
O-blígeoee321
Oneoŏ320
On-ionoŭ218
On-lyoō217
Oth [...]eroŭ218
Ov-enoŭ218
Owe, own,owō725
P.    
Pál-ſeyaaw215
Pa-páaaw112
Pa-tróloō217
Péa-ſant [...]ae927
Péaſ-cod
Peó-pleeoē218
Phéaſ-antea [...]927
Pi-eriē112
Pintiī216
Pláſ-teraaw215
Pleá-ſanteaĕ927
Pléa-ſure
Polloō217
Portoō217
Poſtoō217
Póm-meloŭ218
Póth-eroŭ218
Póre-blindoŭ321
Poultouō724
Poúl-try, Poúl-ter-er,
Poúl-ticeouō724
Prét-tyeĭ215
Proveooo322
Prowowō725
Prowl
Pur-ſuituiū1231
R.    
Read (perfect tenſe, participle paſſive)eaĕ927
Reá-dyeaĕ927
Realmeaĕ927
Re-cruituiū1231
Rolloo217
Róm-ageoŭ218
Romeooo322
Rontoŭ218
Roughouŭ723
Row, (noun and verb)owō725
S.    
Saidaiĕ826
Scourgeouŭ & ŏ723
Scrolloō217
Sewewō1030
Séy-moureyō826
Shoeoeoo929
Shou'dou [...]723
Shoveoŭ322
Shóv-eloŭ218
Shoúld-erouŏ724
Showowŏ725
Sieveieĭ929
Skeineiai928
Sleight (Artifice)eiī928
Slough (Suppuration from a Sore)ouŭ723
Slóv-enoŭ218
Slowowō725
Sluiceuiū1231
Smóth-eroŭ218
Snowowō725
Someoŭ322
Sonoŭ218
Sootooŭ623
Soulouō724
Sow (Verb)owō725
Spongeoŭ322
Sportoō217
Spreadeaĕ927
Stéad-yeaĕ927
Stoodooŭ623
Strowowō725
Strolloō217
Strowowō725
Suituiū1231
Suít-oruiū1231
Súr-feiteiĭ928
Sweareaai928
Sweateaĕ927
Swordoō217
T.    
Tear (Verb)eaai928
Teateaĕ927
Ti-eriē112
Theireiai928
Thereeai320
Thoughouō724
Thór-ough-fareoŭ218
Thór-ough-lyouŭ723
Threadeaĕ927
Thréat-eneaĕ927
Throughouoo724
Throwowō725
Tooŭ113
Tolloō217
Tombooo218
Tonoŭ218
Tongueoŭ222
Tor-toiſeoiŭ522
Touchouŭ723
Toughouŭ724
Tow (Noun and Verb)owō725
Tréach-e-ryeaĕ927
Treadeaĕ927
Treaſ-ureeae927
Trolloō217
Tróu bleouŭ724
Troughouŏ724
Trowowō725
V.    
Veileiai928
Veineiai928
Vil-lainaié826
Un-cóuthouoo724
W.    
Wá-teraaw112
Weal (Mark of a Stripe)eaai928
Wéap-oneaĕ927
Wéath-ereaĕ927
Weareaai928
Wereeai320
Wheal (a Stripe)eaai928
Whereeai320
Whooſometimes oo113
Whomoditto218
Whoſeoditto218
Wildiī216
Wombooo218
Wó-man, Wó-men,oŭ & ĭ218
Wonoŭ218
Wón-deroŭ218
Woodooŭ623
Woolooŭ623
Wordoŭ218
Worldoŭ218
Workoŭ218
Wormoŭ218
Wórſt-edoŭ218
Wór-ryoŭ218
Wór-ſhipoŭ218
Wortoŭ218
Wortoŭ218
Worthoŭ218
Worſeoŭ222
Wou'douŭ723
Wreakeaĕ927
Writheiee321
Y.    
Yeaſteaĕ227
Yél-loweă215
Yeseĭ215
Yeteĭ215
Z.    
Zeál-ous, Zeál-ot,eaĕ927

Appendix A

[]

Appendix A.1

AN APPENDIX, CONTAINING A brief Account OF THE CHIEF PECULIARITIES OF THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS, By the late Rev. Mr. T. S.

Appendix A.2 AN APPENDIX, &c.

[47]

1. B is mute before t, or after m, in the ſame ſyllable, as debt, lamb, &c.

2. C ſounds ſoft, like s, when followed by e, i, or an apoſtrophe, (denoting the abſence of e,) as cedar, city, danc'd, &c.

C ſounds like ſh, when followed by ea, ia, ie, or io, making different ſyllables, as ocean, ancient, precious, ſocial, &c. except ſociety.

CC, when followed by e or i, ſounds like x, as in accept, accident, &c.

C is mute in indict, victuals, ſcene, ſcent, ſcience, ſciatica, ſciſſors, ſciſſion, ſcymitar, [48] ſcythe, and the proper names, Scyros, Scylla, and Scythia.

In all other caſes c ſounds hard like k.

3. Ch, when properly Engliſh, has the ſame ſound with the Italian c before e or i. Example, child, chain, &c.

It ſounds alſo like ſh in words derived from the French, as chaiſe, Champaigne, &c. and like k in words of Greek extraction, as Chriſt, ſchool, ſtomach, archangel, &c. pronounced ark-angel. But if arch comes before a conſonant, ch has then its proper Engliſh ſound, as in arch-biſhop.

Ch in loch ſounds like f.

Ch is mute in drachm, ſchedule, and ſchiſm.

4. D is mute before ge, as in judge, bridge, &c. alſo in ſoldier.

5. F in of ſounds like v.

6. G ſounds ſoft like j before e, i, or an apoſtrophe, and hard (like the Greek γ) in all other caſes.

Example. Angel, rage, rag'd, giant, ginger, &c.

Exceptions to g's ſounding ſoft.

[49]1. In the participles paſſive of words ending in g hard (and alſo whereever g is doubled) it continues hard, notwithſtanding the vowels e or i, or an apoſtrophe, as in dragg'd, begging, digging, &c.

2. In the termination ger, wherever it makes a diſtinct ſyllable, g ſounds hard, as in an-ger, fin-ger, lon-ger, ſtron-ger, &c. in which kind of words it may be obſerved, that the g ſounds double, ſo as to belong to both ſyllables.

3. Derivatives in er, ed, or ing, from primitives in ng, retain the g hard, as ſing-ing, ſing-er, from ſing; hang-ing, hang-er, from hang; wing-ed, or wing'd, from wing, &c. in which kind of words it may be obſerved, that g ſounds ſingle, and belongs to the firſt ſyllable only.

4. In the following words g is hard notwithſtanding it comes before e or i; viz. geeſe, gewgaw, geld, gelt, Gertrude, get, (with its compounds,) gibberiſh, gibbous, giddy, gift, gig, giggle, gild, girl, give, for-give, gilt, gimblet, gimp, gird, girt, girdle, be-gin, [50] gizzard, Gideon, Gibbons, Gilbert, and Gilpin.

G is mute before n in the ſame ſyllable, as guaſh, ſign, ſovereign, &c. alſo in phlegm, ſeraglio, and bagnio.

7. Gh ſounds like g hard in ghoſt, and like ff in cough, lough, laugh, laughter, rough, ſlough, tough, trough, and enough. In other words it is mute.

8. H is mute in hour, honour, honeſt, heir, herb, humour, hoſtler, thyme, John, Thomas, Thomaſin, and Thames. Alſo in Greek words when preceded by R, as rheum, rhyme, rhetoric, myrrh, &c. and, laſtly, at the end of words, as ah, hah, Iſaiah, Sarah, &c.

9. K is mute before n in the ſame ſyllable, as in knave, know, knight, &c.

10. L is mute in balk, talk, walk, ſtalk, halm, calm, calf, calves, falcon, half, [...]alves, holme, (an iſland,) and Holmes, (a ſurname,) pſalm, qualm, ſalmon, could, ſhould, and would.

11. N is mute after m in the ſame ſyllable, as hymn, autumn, ſolemn, &c.

12. P is mute before s, and between m and t, as pſalm, tempt, &c.

[51]13. Ph is always ſounded like f, except in Stephen, nephew, and phial, where it ſounds like v.

Ph is mute in phthiſic, and is pronounced tizzic.

14. Q is always followed by u, and, when it begins a ſyllable, ſounds like cw, by which (as Mr Johnſon obſerves) our Saxon anceſtors well expreſſed it. But, in terminations from the Latin -quus, and alſo in words of French extraction, it ſounds like k. Example. Oblique, antique, quoif, conquer, riſque, traffique, &c. ſome of which words are now more commonly ſpelt with c or k, as coif, riſk, traffic, &c.

15. S ſounds like z.

1. In the third perſons ſingular of all verbs, and the plural number of all nouns, as in has, was, tries, bees, times, &c.

2. In pronouns poſſeſſive, as his, hers, theirs, and alſo when preceded by the comma denoting poſſeſſion, as father's, mother's, Tom's, [52] Will's, &c. Alſo in the particle as.

Appendix A.2.1 Exceptions to the two laſt Sections.

S has its proper ſound when preceded by c, k, ck, f, p, q, or t, which admit not the ſound of z ſo eaſily after them, as in ſpeaks, beats, rocks, Jack's, Dick's, Gilbert's, cock's ſpur, cat's paw, &c.

3. S ſounds like z preceded by a liquid in the ſame ſyllable, as damſel, crimſon, Thames, Jerſey, Guernſey, &c. and alſo,

4. S, between two vowels, moſt commonly ſounds like z, as daiſy, repriſal, pleaſant, pleaſe, roſin, &c.

Except houſe, mouſe, louſe, gooſe, geeſe, ſauſage, purchaſe, promiſe, caſe, maſon, baſon, baſis, phaſis, and theſis. Except alſo ſubſtantives in uſe, derived from Latin verbs, as uſe, abuſe, diſuſe, refuſe, excuſe, &c. and adjectives derived from the participles paſſive of ſome Latin verbs, as recluſe, profuſe, abſtruſe, &c.

Appendix A.2.2 Laſtly, Except alſo the words contained in the next ſection but one, where s ſounds like zh.

[53]

II. S and ſs ſound like ſh in ſure, (with its compounds,) iſſue, tiſſue, fiſſure, preſſure, Ruſſian, &c. alſo in the terminations -aſſion, -eſſion, -iſſion, -uſſion, as in paſſion, impreſſion, miſſion, concuſſion, &c.

III. S, when preceded by a vowel, and followed by ion or ian, ſounds like zh, as invaſion, Epheſian, viſion, deluſion, &c. But if it be preceded by a conſonant, it ſounds like ſh, as in converſion, Perſian, &c.

S ſounds alſo like zh before -ier, as oſier, hoſier, glaſier, braſier, &c. and in the words leiſure, meaſure, pleaſure, and treaſure.

S is mute in iſle, Liſle, Carliſle, iſland, viſcount, and demeſne.

16. T, before io or ia, (making part of the ſame ſyllable with i,) ſounds like ſh, as nation, cautious, Egyptian, ſatiate, &c. But, if t belong to the former ſyllable, its retains [54] its proper ſound, as queſtion, fuſtian, combuſtion, &c.

T is mute in words ending with -ſtle, as caſtle, thiſtle, briſtle, &c.

Th has two ſounds; the one ſoft, as in thy, the other hard, (like the Greek θ,) as in thigh.

I. Th ſounds ſoft,

  • 1ſt, in thence, there, (with their compounds,) then, that, the, thee, theſe, this, thoſe, thus, thou, thy, thine, their, theirs, them, though, although, beneath, bequeath, betroth, mouths, tythe, ſeythe, wreath, booth, and in the verbs bathe, mouth, ſeeth, loathe, ſoothe, and breathe.
  • 2dly, Wherever it occurs between two vowels, as father, mother, &c. except words of Greek extraction, and alſo derivatives from words ending with th hard, as earthen from earth, &c.
  • 3dly, Th ſounds ſoft when placed between r and a vowel, as burthen, murther, &c. though in ſuch words d is often pronounced inſtead of th, as murder, burden. In other caſes th ſounds hard.

[55] Th is mute in aſthma, with its derivatives.

18. W is mute before r in the ſame ſyllable, as write, wrath, &c. alſo in ſword, ſwoon, and anſwer, with their compounds and derivatives.

The other conſonants have the ſame powers as in other languages.

Appendix A.2.3 The Lord's Prayer, the Creed, and the Ten Commandments, &c. divided into ſyllables, (according to the rule for ſpelling recommended by the learned Biſhop Lowth,) with references placed to thoſe ſyllables which are exceptions to the ſeveral rules laid down in this book reſpecting the pronunciation of vowels and diphthongs.

[56]
Appendix A.2.3.1 The LORD's PRAYER.

OUR Fá-ther,1 which art in Héav-en,2 hál-low-ed3 by thy Name. Thy Kíng-dom come.4 Thy will be done4 in Earth7 as it is in Héav-en.6 Give7 us this day our dai-ly bread. And for-gíve7 us 1 [57] our tréſ-paſ-ſes as we for-gíve them that treſpáſs a-gainſt us. And lead us not into temp-tá-tion,9 but de-lív-er us from (the) E-vil (Bé-ing;) for thine is the Kíng-dom, the Pów-er, and the Gló-ry, for év-er and év-er. Amen.

Appendix A.2.3.2 The CREED.

I Be-liéve in GOD the FA-THER1 ALMIGHTY,*2 Má-ker of Héav-en3 and Earth;4 and in JESUS CHRIST,5 his ón-ly6 Son,7 our Lord, who8 was cón-ceiv-ed by the Hó-ly Ghoſt,9 born of the Vír-gin 2 [58] Má-ry, ſúf-fer-ed ún-der Pón-tius Pí-late, was crú-cif-i-ed, dead,10 and búr-i-ed; he de-ſcén-ded ín-to Hell; the third day he roſe á-gain from the dead;12 he aſ-cén-ded ín-to Héav-en, and ſít-teth at the right11 hand of GOD the FATHER1 AL-*MIGHTY,2 from thence he ſhall come2 to judge the Quick and the Dead.10

I be-líeve in the HO-LY GHOST,9 the hó-ly Cá-tho-lic Church, the Com-mú-ni-on13 of Saints, the for-gíve-neſs14 of ſins, the ré-ſur-rec-tion15 of the bód-y, and the life ev-er-láſt-ing. A-men.

Appendix A.2.3.3 The TEN COMMANDMENTS.1
[59]
Appendix A.2.3.3.1 The firſt Tá-ble. Of our Dú-ty to-wárds GOD.

GOD ſpake all2 theſe words,3 ſay-ing, I am THE LORD thy GOD, which have brought4 thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the houſe of Bón-dage.

I. Thou ſhalt have5 no óth-er6 Gods be-fore me.

II. Thou ſhalt not make ún-to thee á-ny7 grá-ven ím-age, or á-ny7 líke-neſs (of á-ny thing) that (is) in Héav-en8 a-bóve,9 4 [60] or that is in the earth be-néath, or that is in the wá-ter un-der the earth: Thou ſhalt not bow down thy-ſélf to them, nor ſerve them: for I, THE LORD thy GOD, am a jeal-ous•2 GOD, ví-ſit-ing the in-í-quit-y* of the fá-thers up-ón the chíl-dren ún-to the third and fourth14 gen-er-á-tion of them that hate me, and ſhéw-ing mér-cy ún-to thóu-ſands of them that love•• me and keep my com-mánd-ments.••

III. Thou ſhalt not take the name of THE LORD thy GOD in vain; for THE LORD will not hold† him guílt-leſs that tá-keth his name in vain.

IV. Re-mém-ber the Sab-bath-Day to keep it hó-ly. Six days ſhalt thou lá-bour, 5 [61] and do•• all2 thy work;18 but the ſév-enth is the Sáb-bath* of THE LORD thy GOD. In it thou ſhalt not do17 á-ny work;1• thou, nor thy ſon,19 nor thy dáugh-ter, thy man-ſér-vant, nor thy maid-ſér-vant, nor thy cát-tle, nor thy ſtrán-ger,2• that is wíth-in thy gates: for in ſix days the LORD made Héav-en and Earth, the Sea, and all that in them is, and reſt-ed the ſ [...]v-enth day: whére-fore2• the LORD bleſſed the Sáb-bath-Day, and hál-low-ed22 it.

Appendix A.2.3.3.2 The ſecond Table. Of our Dú-ty to-wárds our Néigh-bour.2324

V. Hón-our24 thy fá-ther and mó-ther,2• that thy days may be long up-ón 7 [62] the land which THE LORD thy GOD gív-eth thee.

VI. Thou ſhalt not kill, (or do17 no múr-der.)

VII. Thou ſhalt not com-mít a-dúl-ter-y.*

VIII. Thou ſhalt not ſteal.

IX. Thou ſhalt not bear falſe26 wít-neſs a-gaínſt thy neígh-bour.23 24

X. Thou ſhalt not cóv-et2• thy neígh-bour's23 24 houſe, thou ſhalt not cóv-et27 thy neígh-bour's23 24 wife, nor his man-ſér-vant. nor his maid-ſérvant, nor his ox, nor his aſs, nor á-ny7 thing that is thy neigh-bour's.23 24

Appendix A.2.3.4 Di-réc-tions for Práy-er, bé-ing a part of our Lord's Sér-mon on the mount. (Matth. vi. 5—15.)

WHEN thou práy-eſt, thou ſhalt not be as the hyp-o-crites (are,) for they love1 to2 pray ſtánd-ing in the 8 [63] ſyn-a-gogues3 and in the cór-ners of the ſtreets, that they may be ſeen of men. Vér-i-ly4 I ſay un-to you,5 They have6 their re-wárd. But thou, when thou práy-eſt, én-ter ín-to thy clóſ-et, and, when thou haſt ſhut thy door, pray to thy Fá-ther which is in ſé-cret, and thy Fá-ther,7 which ſé-eth in ſé-cret, ſhall rewárd thee ó-pen-ly.4 But, when ye pray, uſe not vain rep-e-tít-ions,8 as the héathen do;9 for they think that they ſhall be heard10 for their11 much ſpéak-ing. Be not ye thére-fore12 like ún-to3 them: for your Fá-ther7 knów-eth13 what things ye 9 [64] have need of be-fóre ye aſk him. Af-ter this mán-ner, thére-fore,12 pray ye:— Our Fá-ther,7 &c. (See p. 56.) For, if ye for-gíve14 men their tréſ-paſ-ſes, your héav-en-ly15 Fá-ther7 will ál-ſo16 for-gíve14 you:5 but, if ye for-gíve14 not men their11 tréſ-paſ-ſes, nei-ther will your5 Fá-ther for-gíve14 your5 tréſ-paſ-ſes.

Appendix A.2.3.5 A ſhort Form of Mórn-ing-Práy-er for a pri-vate Pér-ſon. (Pré-vĭ-ous Med-it-á-tion.)

WHERE-WITH1 ſhall I come2 befóre the Lord, and bow my-ſélf be-fóre the High4 God? — He hath ſhéwed thee, O Man, what is good;5 and what 10 [65] doth the Lord re-quíre of thee, but to do6 júſt-ly,7 and love8 mér-cy, and to walk9 húm-bly7 with thy God? (Mi-cah vi. 6.) Give10 me un-der-ſtánd-ing, (O LORD,) and I ſhall keep thy Law; yea,11 I ſhall ób-ſerve it with my whole heart.12 (Pſalm cxix. 34.)

¶ Then, humbly kneeling, ſay,

O LORD our héav1-en-ly2 Fá-ther,3 Al4-migh5-ty2 and ev-er-láſt-ing God, who6 haſt ſáfe-ly2 brought7 (me) 11 [66] to8 the be-gín-ning of this day, de-fénd (me) in the ſame with thy mígh5-ty2 pów-er; and grant that this day (I) fall9 ín-to8 no ſin, néith-er run ín-to á-ny10 kind of dánger;12 but that all (my)4-ings may be ór-der-ed by thy góv13-ern-ance to do8 al4-ways that is rígh5-teôus in thy ſight5 through14 Jé-ſus Chriſt15 our Lord. Amen.

Appendix A.2.3.6 A Práy-er, for the Gift, or Aſ-ſiſt-ance, of the HO-LY SPIR-IT, to be ád-ded to the fórm-er.

[67]AL1-mígh2-ty3 God, ún-to4 whom5 all1 hearts6 be ó-pen, all1 de-ſíres known,7 and from whom5 no ſé-crets are hid, cleanſe8 the thoughts9 of my heart6 by the ín-ſpi-rá-tion10 of thy Ho-ly Spírit, that I may pér-fect-ly love11 thee, and wór12-thil-y12 mág-nif-y thy hó-ly name, through13 Jé-ſus Chriſt15 p.•6. our Lord. A-men.

Then, áf-ter re-com-ménd-ing Re-lá-tions, Friends,14 &c. to the mér-cy, bléſſ-ing, and13[68] pro-téc-tion, of God, let the Lord's Práyer be ád-ded, (ſee p. 56,) and con-clúde with the fól-low15-ing form of bléſſ-ing from the Hó-ly Scríp-tures, 2 Cor. xiii. 14.

THE Grace of our Lord Jé-ſus Chriſt, the Love11 of God, and the fél-low15-ſhip of the Hó-ly Ghoſt,16 be with us all év-er-more. A-men.

Appendix A.2.3.7 A ſhort Form of E-ven-ing Práy-er for a prí-vate Pér-ſon. (Pré-vi1-ous Med-it-á-tion.)

GOD is a ſpír-it, and they that wór3-ſhip him muſt wór-ſhip (him) in ſpír-it and in truth.4 (John iv. 24.)

[69]This is the WILL of GOD, é-ven your Sanct-if-ic-á-tion, (ſaid an A-póſ-tle to the Theſ-ſal-ó-nĭ-ans,) that ye ſhould5 áb-ſtain from forn-ic-á-tion;2 that év-er-y* one6 of you7 ſhould5 know8 now to póſ-ſeſs his véſ-ſel in ſanc-ti-fic-á-tion and hón-our;9 not in the luſt of con-cú-piſ-cence, é-ven as the Gén-tiles which know8 not God: That no man go be-yónd and de-fráud his Bróth-er10 in á-ny11 mat-ter, be-cáuſe that the Lord is the a-vén-ger of all ſuch, as we ál-ſo have12 téſt-i-fied. For God hath not cál-led13 us ún-to14 un-cléan-neſs, but ún-to14 hó-li†-neſs. He, thére-fore,15 that 15 [70] de-ſpí-ſeth, de-ſpí-ſeth not Man, but God, who16 hath ál-ſo17 gív-en ún-to14 us his hó-ly Spír-it. (1 Theſſ. c. iv.)

"—What? Know18 ye not that your19 bód-y20 is the tém-ple of the Hó-ly20 Ghoſt,21 (which is) in you,19 which ye have12 of GOD, and that you are not your19 own?22 For ye are bought23 with a price; thére-fore15 gló-rif-y GOD in your bód-y and in your19 ſpír-it, which are GOD'S." (1 Cor. vi. 19 and 20.) "And now," (my Soul,24) "what doth the LORD thy GOD requíre of thee, but to fear the Lord thy God, to walk25 in all26 his ways, and to love27 him, and to ſerve the LORD thy

Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
16 o in do, whoooſee P. E. to I.13
17 a in al-, from allau— G. E. to II.15
18 o in knowō— P. E. to VII.24
19 ou in you and yourū— P. E. to VII.24
20 y finalĭ— G. E. to I.13
21 o in Ghoſtō— P. E. to II.17
22 ow in ownō— P. E. to VII.25
23 ou before ghtaw— G. E. to VII.24
24 ou in ſoulō— P. E. to VII.24
25 a before lkaw— G. E. to II.15
26 a before ll in words of [...]aw— G. E. to II.15
27 o in loveŭ— P. E. to III.21

[71] GOD with all26 thy heart28 and with all thy ſoul;24 to keep the com-mánd-ments29 of the Lord, and his ſtát-utes, for thy good?30 Be-hóld31 the Héav-en,32 and the Héav-en32 of Héav-ens,32 is the Lord's thy God; the Earth33 ál-ſo,17 with all26 that thére-in15 is. (Deut. x. 12—14.)

—He is a diſ-cérn-er of the thoughts23 and in-ténts of the heart.* Néith-er is there15 á-ny11 créa-ture that is not mán-if-eſt in his ſight,34 but all26 things are ná-ked and ó-pen-ed ún-to14 the eyes of him with whom35 we have to do.16 (Heb. iv. 12—14.*)

[72]Then, húm-bly knéel-ing, ſay, with a due ſenſe of God's u-ni-vér-ſal préſ-ence,

I Húm-bly1 be-ſéech thee, O Fá-ther,2 mér-ci-ful-ly1 to look úp-on my in-fírm-it-ies;3 and, for the gló-ry1 of thy name, turn from me all thoſe é-vils that I moſt ríght-e-ouſ-ly have de-ſérv-ed; and grant, that, in all4 my tróu-bles,5 I may put my whole truſt and cón-fid-ence in thy mer-cy, and év-er-more ſerve thee in hó-li3-neſs and púre-neſs of lív-ing, to thy hón-our and gló-ry, through our ón-ly Me-di-á-tor and A′d-vo-cate, Jé-ſus Chriſt our Lord. A-men.

Appendix A.2.3.8 Práy-er for the Gift of the Hó-ly Spir-it.
[73]

O GOD, fór-aſ-much as with-óut thee I am not a-ble to pleaſe thee, mér-ci-ful-ly grant that thy Hó-ly Spir-it may in all4 things di-rect and rule my heart,8 through7 Je-ſus Chriſt our Lord. A-men. (From the Cól-lect for the 19th Sún-day áf-ter Trín-i-ty.)

¶ Then húm-bly réc-om-mend your9 Re-la-tions,10 Friends, &c. to God's mér-cy, pro-téc-tion,10 and bleſ-ſing; ádd-ing ſuch pe-tít-ions10 as may ſeem moſt ſúit12-a-ble to your9 20 [74] own13 par-tíc-u-lar caſe, but with great14 cáu-tion and con-ſid-er-á-tion, leſt you "aſk a-míſs." (James iv. 3.) Af-ter-wards read the Lord's Práy-er, (as in p. 56,) with all póſ-ſi-ble at-tén-tion to the méan-ing of each ſén-tence, and with an áwe-ful ſenſe of the con-tín-u-al préſ-ence of the Di-vine Bé-ing, to whom•5 it is ad-dréſſ-ed; and con-clúde, as in the Form for Mórn-ing-Práy-er, at p. 65, with im-plór-ing the bléſſ-ing and com-mu-nic-á-tion10 of all the three di-víne Pér-ſons, ac-córd-ing to the ex-ám-ple gív-en in Hó-ly Scrip-ture. See 2 Cor. xiii. 14.

THE END.

Appendix B

[75]
A TABLE of the Contents of this Book.
  • A Table of the VOICE-LETTERS, or VOWELS, Page. 3
  • A Table of the DOUBLE VOICE-LETTERS, called DIPHTHONGS, diſtinguiſhing the proper Diphthongs from the improper Diphthongs, with a reference to the ſeveral rules whereby they are explained Page. 4
  • A Table of VOWELS, DIPHTHONGS, and TERMINATIONS, the Engliſh ſound of which cannot be expreſſed in foreign letters Page. 5
  • The Engliſh Alphabet Page. 6, 7
  • The 3 firſt Rules of Engliſh Pronunciation collated together, ſo as to ſhew atone view the various ſounds which each Vowel regularly acquires by changing its poſition, in which the difficulty of the Engliſh language principally conſiſts Page. 8-11
  • Exceptions (both General and Particular) to the 1ſt Rule Page. 12, 13
  • A Repetition of the 2d Rule, with Examples Page. 14
  • Exceptions to ditto Page. 14-18
  • Repetition of the 3d Rule, with ſome farther Explanations Page. 19
  • Exceptions to the 3d Rule Page. 20-22
  • Of proper Diphthongs Page. 22
  • Of Au and aw Rule IV. Page. 22
  • Of Oi and oy V. Page. 22
  • Of Oo VI. Page. 23
  • Of Ou and ow VII. Page. 23-25
  • Of improper Diphthongs in general Page. 25
  • Ai, ay, and ey Rule VIII. Page. 26
  • Ae, ea, ee, ei, ie, ae, oe IX. Page. 27-30
  • Eu, ew, and iew X. Page. 30
  • Oa XI. Page. 30
  • Ue and ui XII. Page. 30, 31
  • A Table of Words which are independent of the Rules Page. 31
  • [76]A Table of foreign Words which ſtill retain (or nearly ſo) the original Sound, though adopted in the Engliſh Tongue Page. 32
  • An Index of the Words which are particular Exceptions to the Rules Page. 33, 44
  • An Appendix concerning the chief Peculiarities of the Engliſh Conſonants, by the Rev. Mr. T. S. Page. 44-55
  • The Lord's Prayer, Creed, Ten Commandments, &c. divided into Syllables, (according to the rule for ſpelling recommended by l [...]p Lowth,) with References placed to all Syllables which are Exceptions to the Rules reſpecting the Sound of Vowels and Diphthongs, whereby the Difficulty of learning to read Engliſh will be much reduced Page. 56-74
  • Directions for Prayer Page. 62
  • A ſhort Form of Morning-Prayer for a private Perſon Page. 64
  • A ſhort Form of Evening-Prayer for a private Perſon Page. 68

Appendix C ERRATA.

At the End of the Particular Exceptions concerning ou, in p. 24, line 11, add but like ū in you and your.

Add theſe two Words alſo in the Index of Particular Exceptions at p. 44, under their proper letter V.

In p. 27, l. 2 [...], add the Word yea before yeaſt, and in the Index of Particular Exceptions, p. 43.

Notes
*
There are two ways of ſounding the long i and y, (though both long,) the one a little different from the other, and requiring a little extenſion of the mouth, as may be ſeen by comparing the following words, viz. I and aye, high and high-ho, by't (for by it) and bite, ſigh'd and ſide, ſtrive and ſtrife, &c but this difference, being ſo nice, is not to be attained but by much practice, neither is it very material.
*
When i is ſubſtituted for y, in the terminations of derivatives, it retains the ſound of the y in the original word, whether long or ſhort; therefore i is ſhort in cār-ri-er, cār-rĭ-ed, and cārrĭ-es; and is like the y in the primitive words before ſpecified in al-li ance, de-ni al, digni-fied, im-plies, &c.
*
S final in theſe caſes is always pronounced like z.
*
In the dialects of Lancaſhire, and ſome other places, the o is pronounced according to rule in many of theſe words.
*
In the northern parts of England, the words gold, who, whom, and whoſe, are pronounced properly as they are ſpelt.
*
Laſt ſyllable but one.
Laſt ſyllable but two.
One is pronounced as if ſpelt w [...]n.
*
When a conſonant comes before re and le final, the e is never ſounded laſt, but always before the laſt conſonant of the word, as in a-cre, mi-tre, hum-ble, &c. which are ſounded a ker, mi-ter, hum-bel , &c.
*
Door and floor are pronounced by the vulgar in the northern parts of England as they are ſpelt, for they give the oor, in theſe words, the ſame ſound that it has in [...], moor, poor, &c.
Ou in ſcourge is ſometimes like a long.
*
In the northern parts of England, break and great are pronounced according to rule.
*
Eau in beauty (and its derivatives) has likewiſe the ſame ſound.
1

N. B. I [...] the [...] Tables of References, P. E. denotes Particular Exceptions, and G. E. denotes General Exceptions. [...] denotes that it is to be pronounc [...]d [...], and a line, or-, that it is to be pronounced long.

Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
1 a in ha- [...] [...]ſee P. E. to I.12
ea in Heaven. [...]— P. E. to IX.27
ow in hal-low-ed [...]— G. E. to VII.25
o in come [...]— P. E. to III.21
Ea in Earth [...]— G. E. to IX.28
ea in Héav-en [...]— P. E. to IX.27
[...] in for-give [...]— P. E. to III.20
2
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
8 c [...]-ſesēſee G. E. to II.16
9 -tion-ſhonſee Table in 5

References to the Creed.
1 a in Fá-theraw— P. E. to I.12
* a in Al-, from allaw— G. E. to II.15
2 i in -migh-tyi— G. E. to II.16
3 ea in Héav-en,ĕ— P. E. to IX.27
4 Ea in Earthĕ— G. E. to IX.28
5 i in Chriſtī— P. E. to II.16
6 o in ón-lyō— P. E. to II.17
7 o in Sonŭ— P. E. to II.18
8 o in whooo— P. E. to I.13
o in Ghoſtō— P. E. to II.17
3
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
10 ea in deadĕſee P. E. to IX.27
11 i before gh in rightī— G. E. to II.16
* a in Al-, from all,aw— G. E. to II.15
12 o in come [...]— P. E. to III.21
13 i before a vowelĭ— G. E. to I.12
14 i in giveĭ— P. E. to III.20
15 -tionſhon— Table 5
4
Reference to the Ten Commandments.
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
1 a in mandauſee G. E. to II.15
2 a in allaw— G. E. to II.15
3 o in wordŭ— P. E. to II.18
4 ou before ghtaw— G. E. to VI.24
5 a in haveă— P. E. to III.20
6 o in óth-erŭ— P. E. to II.18
7 a in á-nyĕ— P. E. to I.12
8 ea in Héav-enĕ— P. E. to IX.27
5
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
9 o in a-boveuſee P. E. to III.21
10 ea in earthe— P. E. to IX.28
11 a in wa-teraw— P. E. to I.12
12 ea in jéal-ous [...]— P. E. to IX.27
13 a in Fá-ther [...]— P. E. to I.12
14 ou in fourth [...]— P. E. to VII.24
1• -tionſhonTable in5
16 o in loveù— P. E. to III.21
* y final [...]— G. E. to I.13
† o in holdō— G. E. to II.17
*
A Hebrew word ſignifying REST.
7
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
1• o in doooſee P. E. to I.13
15 o in workú— P. E. to II.18
19 o in ſonù— P. E. to II.18
20 a in ſtrán-gerāSee Note on III.19
21 e in whereai— P. E. to III.20
22 ow in hál-lowŏ— G. E. to VII.25
23 ei before ghā— G. E. to IX.29
24 ou in -our finalŭ— G. E. to VII.24
25 o in mo-therŭ— P. E. to II.18
8
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
* y finalĭ— G. E. to I.13
26 a in falſeaw— P. E. to II.15
27 o in cóv-etu— P. E. to II.18

Directions for Prayer, &c.
1 o in loveŭ— P. E. to III.21
2 o in toŏo— P. E. to I.13
9
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
3 o in ſyn-a goguesŏ— G. E. to III.20
4 y in vér-i-lyĭ— G. E. to I.13
5 ou in you and yourū— P. E. to VII.24
6 a in haveă— P. E. to III.20
7 a in Fá-theraw— P. E. to I.12
8 -tions. See Table in5
9 o in dooo— P. E. to I.13
10 ea in heardĕ before r— G. E. to IX.28
11 ei in theirai— P. E. to IX.28
12 e in thereai— P. E. to III.20
13 ow in knowō— P. E. to VII.24
10
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
14 i in for-gíveĭ— P. E. to III.20
15 ea in Héav-enĕ— P. E. to IX.27
16 a in ál-ſo, from allaw— G. E. to II.15

References to Morning-Prayer.
1 e in where— P. E. to III.20
2 o in comeŭ— P. E. to III.21
3 ow in bow (verb)owaccording to VII.23
but in bow, (noun)ō— P. E. to VII.24
4 i before ghī— G. E. to II.16
5 oo in goodŭ or oo— P. E. to VI.23
11
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
6 o in doooſee P. E. to I.13
7 y finalĭ— G. E. to I.13
8 o in loveŭ— P. E. to III.21
9 a before lkaw— G. E. to II.15
10 i in giveĭ— P. E. to III.20
11 ea in yeaā— P. E. to IX.27
12 ea in heartă— P. E. to IX.28

References to the Prayer.
1 ea in héav-en-lyĕ— P. E. to IX.27
2 y finalĭ— G. E. to I.13
3 a in Fá-theraw— P. E. to I.12
4 a in Al-, from allaw— G. E. to II.15
5 i before gh in mightī— G. E. to II.16
6 o in who and dooo— P. E. to I.13
7 ou before ghtaw— G. E. to II.24
12
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
8 o in to and doooſee P. E. to I.13
9 a before ll in manoſyllablesaw— G. E. to II.15
10 a in á-nyĕ— P. E. to I.12
11 i before ndī— G. E. to II.16
12 a in dán-gerā— P. E. to II.14
13 o in góv-ernŭ— P. E. to II.18
14 ou in throughoo— P. E. to VII.24
15 i in Chriſtī— P. E. to II.16
13
References to the above Prayer and the following.
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
1 a in Al-, from all,awſee G. E. to II.15
2 i before ghī— G. E. to II.16
3 y in the laſt ſyllableĭ— G. E. to I.13
4 o in tooo— P. E. to I. [...]3
5 o in who, whomōo— P. E. to II.18
6 ea in heartă— P. E. to IX.28
7 ow in knownō— P. E. to VII.24
8 ea in cleanſeĕ— P. E. to IX.27
9 ou before ghtaw— G. E. to VII.24
10 -tionſhonTable in5
11 o in loveŭ— P. E. to III.21
12 o in wór-thil-yŭ— P. E. to II.18
13 ou in throughoo— P. E. to VII.24
14 ie in friendsĕ— P. E. to IX.29
14
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
15 ow in fól-low & fél-lowŏſee G. E. to VII.25.
16 o in Ghoſtō— P. E. to II.17

References to the Evening-Prayer. (Previous Meditation.)
1 i before a vowelĭ— G. E. to I.12
2 -tion, terminationſhon— Table in5
3 o in wór-ſhipŭ— P. E. to II.18
4 u in truth, from trueū— G. E. to III.19
15
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
5. ou in ſhouldŭsee P.E. to VII.23
y finalĭ— G. E. to I.13
6 o in onewon— P. E. to III.20
7 ou in youū— P. E. to VII.24
8 o in knowō— P. E. to VII.24
9 our, terminationŭTable in5
10 o in bró-therŭ— P. E. to II.18
11 a in á-nyĕ— P. E. to I.12
12 a in haveă— P. E. to III.20
13 a in callaw— G. E. to II.15
14 o in ún-toŏo— P. E. to I.13
† i for y — G. E. to I. note13
15 e in thereai— P. E. to III.20
*
This Text dé-clares the div-íne Om-níſ-ci-ence of the lív-ing word of God, our great High Prieſt, Jé-ſus, the Son of God; but it is ſúrely e-qual-ly áp-pli-ca-ble to all the three di-vine Pér-ſons in the GOD-HEAD, éi-ther ſép-ar-ate-ly or jóint-ly,
*
This Text dé-clares the div-íne Om-níſ-ci-ence of the lív-ing word of God, our great High Prieſt, Jé-ſus, the Son of God; but it is ſúrely e-qual-ly áp-pli-ca-ble to all the three di-vine Pér-ſons in the GOD-HEAD, éi-ther ſép-ar-ate-ly or jóint-ly,
18
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
28 ea in heartăſee P. E. to IX.28
29 a before ndaw— G. E. to II.15
30 oo in goodŏo or ŭ— P. E. to VI.23
31 o before ldō— G. E. to II.17
32 ea in Héav-enĕ— P. E. to IX.27
33 ea in earthĕ— G. E. to IX.28
34 i before ghī— G. E. to II.16
35 o in whomoo— P. E. to II.18
19
References to the Prayer.
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
1 y ſnal1— G. E. to I.13
2 a in Fá-theraw— P. E. to I.12
3 i, or ie, ſubſtituted for y, (l [...]ke the y in the original word, — G. E. to I. note.13
4 a, before ll, in word of [...]aw— G. E. to II.15
5 ou in tróu-blesu— P. E. to VII.23
6 ou in the termination ourŭ— G. E. to VII.24
7 ou in throughoo— P. E. to VII.24
i in Chriſtī— P. E. to II.16
20
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
8 ea in heartăſee P. E. to IX.28
9 ou in you and yourū— P. E. to VII.24
10 tionſhonTable in5
11 ie in friendsĕ— P. E. to IX.29
•• ui in ſúit-a-bleū— P. E. to XII.31
21
Reference.Sounded like.Rule.Page.
13 ow in ownō— P. E. to VII.25
14 ea in greatā— P. E. to IX.27
15 o in whomoo— P. E. to II.18
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Zitationsvorschlag für dieses Objekt
TextGrid Repository (2020). TEI. 4946 An English alphabet for the use of foreigners wherein the pronunciation of the vowels or voice letters is explained in twelve short general rules with their several exceptions as abridged for t. University of Oxford Text Archive. . https://hdl.handle.net/21.T11991/0000-001A-5A22-9