SEJANUS, A TRAGEDY. As it was intended for the STAGE.
WITH A PREFACE, wherein the Manager's Reaſons for refuſing it are ſet forth.
By MR. GENTLEMAN.
LONDON: Printed for R. MANBY and H. S. Cox on Ludgate-Hill. MDCCLII. [Price 1s. 6d.]
TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE, JOHN EARL of ORRERY.
[iii]PREFACE.
[v]IT were an Impoſition on the Town, and an In⯑juſtice to the Memory of the inimitable BEN JOHNSON; ſhould I publiſh this Play, without acknowledging that moſt part of the Plot, ſome of the Scenes, and many of the Speeches, are almoſt literally copied from a dramatic Work of his, with the ſame Title. An Attempt at altering a Piece of his, is, I believe, unprecedented, and indeed bold, for one who never before, either burthen'd the Preſs with his Labours, or dar'd the Critic's Cenſure. I was allur'd to the Taſk, by a Number of very noble Sentiments, which are ſcattered through the Original in many Lines, neither harſh or unmuſical; wherein there ſeems to breath the true inſpir'd Spirit of Poetry; and fancy plays within her proper Sphere, under the Reſtraint of a well temper'd critical Judgment; but much more by the ſtrong Contraſt of virtuous and vi⯑cious Characters, with which I found it adorn'd; which is the moſt uſeful, laudable, and conſequently the funda⯑mental Part of the DRAMA.
[vi] To reduce the Multiplicity of Characters, the Train of Incidents, to make the Parts of LIVIA, and AGRIP⯑PINA, ſomewhat intereſting, which in JOHNSON are very near deſpicable; to ſelect his Beauties, and by pro⯑per Means to bring about the Cataſtrophe; ſeem'd, at firſt, an Enterprize as difficult, as toiling for Wealth in a Mine; and almoſt ſtartled me from my Deſign; But however, as I had begun, I determined to pro⯑ceed; and of my Succeſs, the Peruſal of the Piece will make you a Judge.
JOHNSON's ſtrict Adherence to Hiſtory, in his two Plays of SEJANUS and Catiline, would have been highly commendable, had it not been manifeſtly preju⯑dicial to him; ſince he has been ſo ſcholaſtically nice, as ſcarcely to omit a ſingle Perſon or Incident, mention'd in the Lives of theſe great wicked Men; nay he has even tranſlated literally, in his SEJANUS, ſeveral Lines from CORNELIUS TACITUS: By this Means his Tragedies became rather dramatic Hiſtories, than Entertainments ſuited to a modern Theatre. From this I have ventur'd to deviate; I have kept CAESAR at ROME, to preſide at the Conviction of SEJANUS; as I think it adds much Spirit, to the cloſing the Ca⯑taſtrophe; I have drawn him of a Diſpoſition much milder than he was in Reality. The pious Reſolution of repealing the Oppreſſions, and healing the conſtitutional Wounds made by SEJANUS, which I have put into his Mouth, in the laſt Speech of the Play, I thought ne⯑ceſſary [vii] to preſerve Poetical Juſtice; to which I think Hiſtory ſhould give Way; for the real Uſe of dramatic Performances is, to inſtil Virtue, and raiſe an Ab⯑horrence of Vice. Example is a ſtrong Argument; nothing conduces ſo much to our Reformation, as pu⯑niſhing the Wicked and rewarding the Virtuous, 'tis then that the Moral is truly ſtrong, indeed the Guilt⯑leſs muſt ſometimes fall, to heighten the Diſtreſs, and impreſs us with a juſt Pity.
If theſe Liberties ſhould to the Critics appear Er⯑rors, I honeſtly confeſs them Errors of my Judgment; and for my Confeſſion expect to be mildly treated. By the Critics, I would be underſtood to mean only the judici⯑ous, not ſuch teizing Inſects, ſuch buzzing Drones of Society, as thoſe at preſent diſtinguiſh'd by that Name.
From ſuch I neither wiſh or expect Indulgence, let them be ridiculous at my Expence, if they pleaſe; my Pity they may move, but not my Anger. From the Penetration of the Judicious, I ſhall be glad to meet Correction, their Clemency I doubt not, for ſtill like the Brave, they chuſe rather to ſpare than deſtroy. My [viii] aſſerting that I had a national Advantage in View, in this Subject may be thought chimerical, at firſt, but when the following Abſtract from Hiſtory, of the Life of SEJANUS, is conſidered, what I have advanced may perhaps be allowed.
AELIUS SEJANUS the Son of SEIUS STRABO was born in TUSCANY. He ſerved, when young, with ſome Reputation, under CAIUS CAESAR, Nephew to AUGUSTUS, and afterwards in the Praetorian Band under the Command of TIBERIUS; to the various Turns of whoſe Diſpoſition by conforming, he gradually crept into his cloſeſt Secrets, and was the firſt in his Eſteem. When TIBERIUS mounted the Imperial Throne, he allowed this his favourite, ſuch an Extent of Power, as rendered him the Terror of honeſt Men, and the Idol of Sycophants. The taking off GERMA⯑NICUS, Huſband to the AGRIPPINA, who is intro⯑duced in this Play, and Nephew to the Emperor, a Prince remarkable for the greateſt Virtues, though the Odium of it was artfully flung on GNEIUS PISO, GERMANICUS's Lieutenant, was generally and juſtly attributed to him: This was his firſt cloſe Attack upon the LIBERTY of ROME, and procured him the Hatred of the People. After this by the Means of LIVIA, Wife to DRUSUS, EUDEMUS her Phyſician, and Lygdus an Eunuch, who was SEJANUS's CATAMITE, he contrived and effected the Death of DRUSUS, Son to TIBERIUS, and Heir apparent to the Empire. The [ix] Reaſon aſſigned for his Hatred, was a Blow which DRUSUS one Day gave him; but his future Proceed⯑ings ſhewed, Ambition, not Revenge, was the Motive which urg'd to the Deed; for he had determin'd to remove every Bar, which lay between him and the Throne. This was but a Prelude to his future Vil⯑lainies. AGRIPPINA, her Sons, and all who were Friends to the Family of the dead GERMANICUS, were next to be diſpoſed of. This was effected by re⯑preſenting them to CAESAR, who was naturally of a jealous Diſpoſition, as aſpiring and ambitious, and conſequently dangerous. CAIUS SILIUS was firſt mark'd out for Sacrifice; who being, before the Se⯑nate, criminated by VARRO the Conſul, and finding his Death had been premeditately reſolved on; by a voluntary Wound anticipated a public Execution.
SABINUS, another Adherent to the Family of GERMANICUS, was next taken off, by the Means of LATIARIS, his Relation and profeſs'd Friend: who having often, with much ſeeming Sincerity, rail'd at the Oppreſſions and Tyranny of SEJANUS, and thus, by touching him,
Having wrought him up to join in his Invectives, He fix'd two Senators, who were Creatures to [x] SEJANUS, in a ſecret Place, whence they might overhear the Diſcourſe between SABINUS and him; who, on his too freely cenſuring the Conduct of CAESAR, ruſh'd from their Ambuſh, accuſed him of Treaſon, and after a formal Proceſs, he was, by Death, eaſed of the Pains which he endured, for the Sufferings of his Country.
SEJANUS next, with the Concurrence of TIBERIUS, removed AGRIPPINA and her Sons, ſo that he had none now left to oppoſe his Intereſt with CAESAR, or Deſigns upon the Throne. Her he had baniſh'd to PANDATERIA an Iſland in the TYRRHENE Sea, NERO to the Iſland of PONTIA near NAPLES, and DRUSUS confined in the moſt abject Part of the Palace.
Being thus ſucceſsful in all his Schemes, what he aimed at became more and more apparent. To faci⯑litate his Deſigns on the EMPEROR, he endeavoured to demean him in the Opinion of the People, by ridi⯑culing his Defects and Imperfections on the public Theatre. This firſt induced CAESAR to examine more nearly into his Conduct; and he ſoon found it was ab⯑ſolutely neceſſary for his own Safety, to hurl this COLOSSUS of the ROMAN STATE, ſuddenly down the Steep of Fate. To effect this appeared ſcarcely practicable, ſince he feared the Fall of this ſtupendous Pile, would drag down with it contiguous Ruin, in which he himſelf might be involved. However he at [xi] laſt compaſſed this coveted end, by the Aſſiſtance of MACRO, and a Shew of encreaſing Friendſhip and Truſt, which rendered SEJANUS ſtill more ſecure, when his Glory was on the Verge of expiring: He was, when even ſuch an Attempt muſt have ſeem'd impoſ⯑ſible, accuſed by a Letter from TIBERIUS then in CAPREA, ſupported by Proofs in full Senate, of the moſt flagitious Crimes; condemned with Ignominy, and to the unexpected Joy and Surprize of every honeſt Roman, precipitated from the topmoſt Height of For⯑tune to the loweſt Depth of Adverſity and a ſhameful Death. It is generally and juſtly remarked, that the Sunſhine of Proſperity animates a Number of buzzing Flies, who diſappear with its Decline. The Truth of this Obſervation was never more apparent than in the Caſe of SEJANUS, for not one of the Number of Syco⯑phants and Dependants, who had been the Inſtruments of his villanies, and who held large Fortunes and Titles from his Bounty, offered to defend him at his Fall, or even wore the Face of Concern; nay ſo far from it, they were his moſt ſanguine Enemies, and hurried him onward to his Fate.
SEJANUS ſeemed to have been mark'd out by Pro⯑vidence as an Example to Futurity, of that Juſtice which will at one Time or other overtake the Great bad Man who uſes his Power to oppreſs, or to curtail the Liberties of his Country. And were this his Hiſtory [xii] to be performed either publicly or privately for mini⯑ſterial Amuſement, an excellent and perſuaſive In⯑ſtruction muſt enſue from it.
The ſame Soil which was bleſſed with a BRUTUS, a CATO and a GERMANICUS, was curſed with a SE⯑JANUS: BRITAIN who feels herſelf happy in an ORRERY, a CHESTERFIELD, and had in the Perſon of her late generally and juſtly lamented PRINCE of WALES, all that ROME boaſted in her GERMANICUS, knows not what SEJANUS may riſe in future Times to wound her Peace.
Buſineſs detaining me in the Country, I requeſted my Friend Mr. DERRICK to preſent this Play to Mr. GARRICK, which he accordingly did, and was pro⯑miſed by him an Anſwer in four or five Days. Mr. DERRICK waited on him again about that Time, when with a Punctuality, which is not at all anſwer⯑able to the Character generally given of theatrical Managers, he returned the Piece with ſome Compli⯑ments as to its Merits, alledging, that it had too much Declamation in it, to ſucceed on the Stage; and I am induced to believe, that though this Play was not in⯑troduced to Mr. GARRICK under any particular pre⯑vailing Influence, he took the Trouble to peruſe it, and on that alone founded his Anſwer.
[xiii] However I ſuppoſe you expect to find me ſevere on the Manager, for preſuming to repulſe my Offspring; but you are miſtaken; I am ever ready to receive, and thankful for Inſtruction. It being an approved Maxim with me, that Approbation is very pleaſing; but Correction more profitable; and therefore ſay with SHAKESPEARE's BRUTUS, though more in earneſt,
PROLOGUE.
[xiv]DRAMATIS PERSONAE.
[]- TIBERIUS, Emperor of ROME.
- DRUSUS, His Son.
- SEJANUS, Chief Favourite to the Emperor.
- VARRO, The Conſul.
- AFER,
- NATTA,
- SATRIUS,
- LATIARIS,
- EUDEMUS, A Phyſician.
- SILIUS,
- SABINUS,
- ARRUNTIUS,
- LEPIDUS.
- LIVIA, DRUSUS's Princeſs, in Love with SEJANUS.
- A GRIPPINA, Relict of GERMANICUS.
- Guards, Lictors, &c. Prieſts and Choriſters.
[1] SEJANUS.
ACT I. SCENE I.
ACT II. SCENE I.
ACT III. SCENE I.
ACT IV. SCENE I.
[37]ACT V. SCENE I.
[49]- Zitationsvorschlag für dieses Objekt
- TextGrid Repository (2020). TEI. 4253 Sejanus a tragedy As it was intended for the stage With a preface wherein the manager s reasons for refusing it are set forth By Mr Gentleman. University of Oxford Text Archive. . https://hdl.handle.net/21.T11991/0000-001A-5F8B-E