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THE HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE upon TYNE.

OR, THE ANCIENT and PRESENT STATE OF THAT TOWN.

By the late HENRY BOURNE, M. A. Curate of ALL-HALLOWS in NEWCASTLE.

—Haec—alias inter Caput extulit Ʋrbes— VIRG. Ecl. 1.

NEWCASTLE upon TYNE: Printed and Sold by JOHN WHITE. M.DCC.XXXVI.

To the Right Worſhipful • WALTER BLACKETT, Eſq Mayor, , • JOHN ISAACSON, Eſq Recorder, , •

Aldermen.

• William Elliſon, Eſq , • Matthew Fetherſtonhaugh, Eſq , • Richard Ridley, Eſq , • Francis Rudſton, Eſq , • Nicolas Fenwick, Eſq , • William Carr, Eſq , • Nathanael Clayton, Eſq , • Cuthbert Fenwick, Eſq , • Robert Sorsbie, Eſq , and • Matthew Ridley, Eſq  , and • JOHN WILKINSON, Eſq Sheriff;  AND TO THE COMMON-COUNCIL OF THE Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne:

[]

This WORK is moſt humbly Dedicated, By the AUTHOR'S Children,

  • Henry Bourne,
  • Eleanor Bourne.

A LIST OF THE SUBSCRIBERS.

[]
A
  • ALLEN Thomas, Eſq
  • Allen, Mr. Richard
  • All good, the Rev. Mr.
  • Anderſon, Mr. Joſeph
  • Aneſley, Mark, Eſq
  • Aneſley, Mr. William
  • Armſtrong, Mr. John
  • Askew, Dr. Adam
  • Atkinſon, Mr. Henry
B
  • BELL, Mr. James
  • Bell, Mr. Matthew
  • Biggs William, Eſq
  • Binks, Mr. Thomas
  • Blackett, the Right Worſhipful Walter, Eſq MAYOR
  • Blackſton, Mr. John
  • Bland, Dr. Dean of Durham
  • Blinkinſop, Mr. William
  • Bolton, Mr. Silveſter
  • Boulby, Mr. Adam
  • Bowes George, Eſq
  • Bridgman William, Eſq
  • Brooke Philip, Eſq
  • Browell, Dr.
  • Browell, Mr. Mark
  • Buck, the Rev. Mr. (York)
  • Butler, the Rev. Mr. Benjamin
  • Butler, Mr. Benjamin.
C
  • CALEY, Mr. Samuel
  • Chambers, Mr. Robert
  • Campbell, the Hon. Alexander Hume, Eſq
  • Clark, Mr. James
  • Clavering James, Eſq
  • Clayton Nathaniel, Eſq Alderman
  • Clennell Percival, Eſq
  • Clennell Thomas, Eſq
  • Colpits, Mr. George
  • []Cooper, Mr. Challoner
  • Coulſon, Mr. Henry
  • Cunningham, Mr. of Beadale, Surgeon
  • Cuthbert, the Rev. Mr.
  • Cuthbertſon, Mr. George
D
  • DAWSON, Mr. Chriſtopher
  • Dawſon, Mr. John
  • Daviſon William, Eſq
  • Dennet Robert, Eſq
  • Dick, Mr. Andrew
  • Dockwray, the Rev. Mr. Thomas
  • Dunn, Mr. Anthony
E
  • EDEN, Sir Robert, Bart.
  • Eden, the Rev. Mr.
  • Elliſon Henry, Eſq
F
  • FAIRLESS, Mr. Edward
  • Farrington, the Rev. Mr.
  • Firebrace, Sir Cordell, Bart.
  • Fenwick Cuthbert, Alderman
  • Fenwick, Mrs. Eſther
  • Fenwick the Rev. Mr. George, Vicar of Bolam
  • Fenwick John, Eſq of By well.
  • Fenwick, Mr. Thomas
  • Foſter, Mr. Henry
  • Foſter, Mr. Timothy
  • Foſter, Mr. — Jun. of Alnwick
G
  • GAPE, Tho. Eſq of St. Alban's.
  • Gent, Mr. Thomas (York)
  • Graham, Mr. William
  • Grey George, Eſq
H
  • HALL, the Rev. Dr. Prebendary of Durham
  • Hall Charles, Eſq
  • Hall, Mr. James
  • Hanby, Mr. William
  • Harle, Mr. Edward
  • Harper, Mr. William
  • Hawden, Mr. Thomas
  • Hedworth John, Eſq
  • Henderſon, Mr. William
  • Henzell, Mr. Peregrine
  • Heron, Mr. of London
  • Hildyard, Mr. John, of York
  • Hinkſter, Mr. George
  • Hobſon, the Rev. Mr. Vicar of Boſall
  • Holden, the Rev. Mr. of Morpeth
  • Hopkins, Mr. Lancaſter
  • Huddleſton, Mr. John
  • Hudſon, Mr. John
  • Hudſpeth, Mr. Robert
  • Hull, Mr. John
  • Hunter, Dr. Chriſtopher, of Durham
  • Hunter, Mr.
  • Hutchinſon, Mr.
  • Hylton John, Eſq of Hylton
J
  • JENNISON Ralph, Eſq (Walworth)
  • Johnſon, Mr. Richard
  • Johnſon, Mr. Robert
K
  • KEMP, Sir Robert, Bart.
  • Kennedy, Mr. Archibald
L
  • LANGSTAFFE, Mr. Joſeph
  • Lattany, Mr. Joſeph
  • Lawſon Robert, Eſq of Chirton.
  • Lewen George, Eſq
  • Lewin, Mr. Thomas, Barriſter at Law
  • Liddell, Sir Henry, Bart.
  • Liddell George, Eſq
  • Liddell, Mr. Joſeph
  • Linton, Mr. William
  • Lowther, Sir William, Bart.
  • Lowther, Dr.
M
  • MABELL, Mr. Edward
  • Maddiſon, the Rev. Mr.
  • Marſhal, Mr. Thomas
  • Midford, Mr. George,
  • Milbank John, Eſq
  • Moncaſter, Mr. James
  • Morris, Mr. John
  • Mowbray George, Eſq
N
  • NEWTON, Mr. William
  • Nichols Francis, of Lintz Green, in the County of Durham, Eſq
O
  • OLIVER, Mr. John
  • Ord, Mr. John
  • Oyſton, Mr. Thomas, of Biſhop Auckland
P
  • PAWSON, Mr. John
  • Packer Winchcomb Howard, Eſq
  • Peacock, Mr. Joſeph
  • Preſton, Mr. Cuthbert
  • Probyn, Mr. Henry (London)
  • Pye William, Eſq
  • Pye, Mr. John
R
  • RAMSDEN, Mrs. of York
  • Rawling, Mr. Thomas
  • Rawliſon Richard, LL. D. F. R. S.
  • Ray, the Rev. Mr. Vicar of Warden
  • Reay Henry, Eſq Alderman.
  • Ridley Richard, Eſq Alderman
  • Ridley Matthew, Eſq Alderman
  • Richardſon, Mr. Cuthbert
  • Richardſon, Mr. John
  • Robinſon, Mr. John
  • Rogers John, Eſq
  • Rudd John, Eſq
  • Rudſton Francis, Eſq Alderman
  • Rutter, Mr. Chriſtopher
S
  • SCARBOROUGH, the Right Hon. Richard Earl of
  • Scourfield, Mr. John, of Waſhington
  • Selby, Mr. William
  • Shaftoe John, Eſq
  • Shaftoe, Mrs. Anne
  • Shaftoe, Mrs. Sarah
  • Sharp, the Rev. Dr.
  • Shields, Mr. Thomas
  • Shipley, Mr. Thomas (London)
  • Simpſon, the Rev. Mr. John
  • Simpſon, Mr. John
  • Smith George, Eſq
  • Smith, Mr. Joſeph
  • Smith, Mr. Thomas
  • Snowden, Mr. John
  • Soresbie Robert, Eſq Alderman
  • Sowerby, Mr. Ralph
  • Spearman Robert, Eſq
  • Spoor, Mr. Chriſtopher
  • Stafford, the Rev. Mr.
  • Staples, Mr. Alexander, Bookſeller in York
  • Stillingfleet, the Rev. Mr. Robert
  • Steel, Mr. John.
  • Surtees, Mr. Robert.
  • Swaddell, Mrs. Mary
T
  • TALBOT, the Hon. William, Eſq
  • Talbot William, Eſq
  • Thompſon, the Rev. Mr. William, Curate of St. Nicholas
  • Thornton John, Eſq
  • Thornton Tempeſt, Eſq of Wakefield
  • Thorold John, Eſq Son of Sir John Thorold, Bart. of Marſton in Lincolnſhire
  • Thorsby, Mr. Thomas
  • Toker, Mr. Walter (London)
  • Tomlinſon, Mr. Richard
  • Tomlinſon Robert, D. D.
  • Trefuſis Robert, of Trefuſis, Eſq
  • Trewit, Mr. William
  • Trinity-Houſe
  • Trotter, Mr. Ralph, of Durham
U
  • VAUGHAN, Mr. Shaftoe
  • Uſher, Mr. William
W
  • WALLIS, Mr. Thomas
  • Walph, Mr. Timothy (London)
  • Walton, Mr. Samuel (London)
  • Waring, Mr.
  • Waters, Mr. Henry
  • Waters, Mr. Thomas
  • Watſon, Mr. John
  • Weddell, the Rev. Mr.
  • Wheeler Granville, Eſq
  • Whitfield Utrick, Eſq
  • Widdrington, Mr. John
  • Wilkinſon, Mr. Jacob, of South Shields
  • Wilkinſon, Mr. John
  • Wilkinſon Thomas, Eſq of Durham
  • Williams, Mr. Edward
  • Williams, Mr. John
  • Wilſon, Mr. Chilton
  • Woodbourne, Mr. Henry, of Wolverſton
  • Wrightſon William, Eſq of Cuſworth

THE PREFACE.

[v]

I Am ſenſible that this Performance will come into the World much more imperfect than I at firſt thought it would. But I have labour'd under ſo many Difficulties in the compiling of it, that when but a few of them are mentioned, I hope for a candid and favourable Judgment.

AFTER I had collected in private what Materials I could, I was then obliged to go publickly in Queſt of more. Upon this I publiſh'd an Advertiſement, deſiring the Aſſiſtance of ſuch as had ancient Writings, or Deeds, or any other Things that might contribute to the helping of the Work.

THIS immediately, occaſioned the following Reflections, that it might be of dangerous Conſequence to ſhew ancient Writings, that He was but a Curate that undertook the Work, that his Abilities therefore of Pocket and [vi] Mind muſt be vaſtly unequal to ſuch a Task; in ſhort, above 12 Months before the Publication of it, ſome have made it their Buſineſs, (ſo great has been their Ill-nature and Prejudice) as to take all Ways and Methods of decrying it; by Print, by Manuſcript, leſſening it in all Companies to hinder it's Publication, and ſpeaking as freely of of it, as if they were acquainted with every Line of it's Compoſition, and by a Prophetick Spirit knew it to be as they talk'd of it.

BY theſe Means I am certain I have been hindred of many Materials.

BUT there are two grand Diſappointments I met with in the Compiling of this Performance, which muſt not be untaken Notice of. The One is my not being ſo happy as to ſee Dr. Elliſon's Collection of the Antiquities of this Town. A few indeed were ſent me, but having the ſame Copy from Mr. Douglas, they were of no Service; and excepting theſe I ſaw no more. 'Tis to be hoped, as the Dr. muſt have made a large Collection, having been about it, as is ſaid, for many Years; that the preſent Poſſeſſor of them will oblige the Town with the Publication of Them, and cure the Imperfections of the preſent Performance.

THE other Diſappointment is the not Meeting with thoſe large Collections of Sir Robert Shaftoe, taken Notice of by Biſhop Nicholſon in his Engliſh Hiſtorical Library. I endeavoured after a Sight of them, but they were then either loſt, or ſo miſlaid, that there was no coming at them.

AND if I add to all this, an Illneſs of many Months, and which it pleaſes God ſtill to continue, * which too frequently obliges me to truſt the Copies of others, and depend upon them, I hope a few Errours and Failings will fall gently to my Share.

[vii]HOWEVER in the midſt of all this Malice and Ill-nature and theſe Diſappointments, there were ſome ſo communicative, and generouſly aſſiſting, as to give all the Help they could. They are the Gentlemen following.

  • MR. JOSUAH DOUGLAS, who aſſiſted me with a great Number of Materials.
  • JOHN MILBANK, Eſq who ſent me a Manuſcript which is frequently mentioned.
  • CHRSTOPHER HUNTER of Durham, M. D. who has obliged me in the kindeſt Manner, with ſeveral curious Manuſcripts which are acknowledged in their proper Places.
  • The Rev. Mr. SMITH of Melſonby, who ſent me a Book of antient Deeds and Charters copy'd from one in Ʋniverſity College in Oxford, relating to ſome Lands in this Town.
  • JOHN THORNTON, Eſq of Nether-witton, who obliged me with a Sight of ſome ancient Writings, particularly the Will of his famous Anceſtor Roger de Thornton.
  • ROBERT SHAFTO, of Benwall, Eſq who contributed ſome ancient Writings, particularly One relating to the Chanteries of the Churches of this Town.
The following Gentlemen have alſo been very kind and ready in aſſiſting me with Books, Tranſactions, Modern Papers, &c.
  • The Rev. Dr. THOMLINSON, Rector of Whickham.
  • The Rev. Mr. DOCKWRAY, Lecturer of St. Nicholas.
  • [viii]The Rev. Mr. LODGE, Maſter of the Free-School.
  • The Rev. Mr. COWLING, Curate of St. Nicholas.
  • EDWARD COLLINGWOOD, Eſq
  • WILLIAM CUTHBERT, Eſq
  • JOHN LOWTHER, Eſq M. D.
  • GEORGE GREY, Eſq
  • Mr. CHARLES CLARK, Jun.
  • Mr. THOMAS WATERS.
  • Mr. CHARLES ATKINSON.
  • Mr. HENRY ATKINSON.
  • Mr. GEORGE CUTHBERTSON.

IT will neither be neceſſary nor proper for me at this Time to anſwer the trifling Objections above-mention'd. I ſhall therefore only add, that I have ſpared no Pains; but that as in my Health I laid out all my Endeavours, in the Collecting of Materials from all Quarters I could poſſibly come at any, ſo I have now finiſh'd it according to the beſt of my Abilities and Judgment.

  • Close Gate A
  • White Fryer Tower B
  • White Fryer Gate BB
  • Nevil Tower C
  • Westspittle Tower D
  • Stank Tower E
  • Gunner Tower F
  • Forth Gate EF
  • Pink Tower G
  • Westgate H
  • Durham Tower I
  • Herber Tower K
  • Black Fryer Gate L
  • Mordon Tower M
  • Ever Tower N
  • Andrew Tower O
  • Newgate P
  • Bertram Mumboucher Tower Q
  • Ficket Tower R
  • Pilgrim Street Gate S
  • Carliel Tower T
  • Plummer Tower V
  • St. Austin Tower W
  • Corner Tower X
  • Pandon Gate Y
  • Carpenters Tower Z
  • Wall Kell & Habkin Tower
  • Sandgate &c
  • Ratten Rawe 1
  • Fennel Street 2
  • St. John's Church 3
  • An Alma House. 4
  • Westmorland Place 5
  • Back Rawe 6
  • Fouthill 7
  • Batliſſ Gate 8
  • White Fryers 9
  • Newgate Street 10
  • St. Andrews Church 11
  • High Fryer Chare 12
  • Parn Crock 13
  • Hucksters Booths 14
  • Back gate of the 15
  • Black Fryers 15
  • White Croſs 16
  • Fryer Chare 17
  • Vunn [...] Gate 18
  • The Earls Inn 19
  • Bigg Market 20
  • Poultry Market 21
  • Pudding Chare 22
  • Rose mary Lane 23
  • Great Market 24
  • Wooll Market 25
  • Penton Chare 26
  • Yron Market 27
  • Fleſh Market 28
  • St. Nicholas Church D
  • Nether Dean Bridge 29
  • Franciscan Fryers AA
  • Upper Dean Bridge 30
  • The Pilgrim's Inn 31
  • Wheat Market 32
  • Painter Hugh 33
  • All Hallows Church 34
  • Dog Bank 35
  • Butcher Bank 36
  • Herb Market 37
  • Fish Market 38
  • Masen Dieu and M
  • Merchant's Court M
  • Guild Hall Y
  • St. Tho [...] ye Mu [...]y [...] Chappel 39
  • The Close 40
  • Mayor's House X.E
  • Sail makers Meeting houſe FO
  • Yawe [...] Grappe 41
  • The Dark Chare 1
  • Granden Chare 2
  • Blew Anker Chare 3
  • Pepper [...] Chare 4
  • Palester Chare 5
  • Colum's Chare 6
  • Horns by Chare 7
  • Plumber Chare 8
  • Fenwick's Chare 9
  • The Dark Chare 10
  • Bread Garth 11
  • Peacock Chare 12
  • Trinity Chare 13
  • Remcastle Chare 14
  • Broad Chare 15
  • Spicer Aime 16
  • Bourne Bank 17
  • Byker Chare 18
  • Cockis Chare 19
  • Lore Lane 20
  • Minor Chare 42
  • St. Austine Fryers 43
  • Barber Sur [...]ans Hall WH
  • The Hospital of clergy Mens
  • St. Merchant Widows 44
  • M [...]ey's Iſland 45
  • Stock Bridge 46
  • Fiſher gate 47
  • Wall Knoll, 48
  • St. Michael's and Mount 49
  • Gulleram Green 50
  • Cowgate 51
  • Blith's Nook 52
  • Trinity House TXG
  • Duckhill in Bread Chare 53
  • Pants or Fountains P.

THE Ancient and Preſent STATE OF Newcaſtle upon Tyne.

[1]

CHAP. I. Some Account of the Roman Walls in the Country of the OTTADINI; particularly the Walls of HADRIAN and SEVERUS, which went through this TOWN. The moſt ancient Name of this TOWN.

IT was about an hundred Years after the Landing of Julius Caeſar in this Iſland, when the Brigantes, a populous and warlike Nation of the Britains, whoſe Country extended from the North of Humber to the River Tyne, containing the preſent Counties of Yorkſhire, Durham, Lancaſhire, Weſtmoreland, and Cumberland, were firſt aſſaulted by the Romans. The Britains behaved themſelves in the War with great Courage and Reſolution, 'till at laſt, in the Reign of Veſpaſian, the greateſt Part of them were conquered. After this in the Reign of Titus, Julius Agricola, the Lieutenant of Britain, who was at leaſt equally Famous for his Conqueſts over the Cuſtoms and Manners of the Britains, as for his many Victories over them in Battle, did in the third Year of his Lieutenancy make a Diſcovery of other Parts of this Iſland, which were not brought under the Roman Yoke. Upon which he marched Northward into the Country of the Ottadini, which extends from the North of Tyne to the River Taus, waſting and deſtroying all before him, 'till he came to the Tay it ſelf. And now according to ſome was the firſt Wall made in Britain: But it was not properly [2] a Wall, it was only a Line of Garriſons placed upon that Slip of Land between Edinburgh-Frith and Dun-Britain-Frith, for the Security of what they had already gain'd; and if the Valour of Agricola's Army, and the Renown of the Roman Name could have ſuffer'd it, there was no Need of a further Search after the Bounds and Limits of Britain. The Friths above-mentioned, called then Glota and Bodotria, might have been very ſufficient, being the Arms of two oppoſite Seas, and only ſeparated by a ſmall Space of Land, which was well fortified with the Roman Garriſons; ſo that the Romans were Lords of the whole South, and had caſt the Enemy as it were into another Iſland Tacit. in vit. Agricol.. But what could ever bound the Roman Glory, and limit their never ſatisfied Ambition? It was not enough that they had intirely ſecured themſelves for any Attempts of the Caledonians, but They alſo were to be ſubdued. This was effected in the 8th Year of Agricola's Lieutenancy in the reign of Domitian.

HOWEVER after this, Cambd. that further Part of the Iſland was left to the The inhabitants went naked, had no Houſes to live in, neither did they Till the Ground. As one writeth, de praeda & venatione, Frondibuſ (que) Arborum vivant, degent in Tentoriis Nudi & ſine calceis. Grey ex Xiphilin'. Barbarians, as neither Pleaſant nor Fruitful; but this nether Part was fairly reduc'd to a Roman Province; which was not governed by Conſular, or Proconſular Deputies; but was counted Praeſidial, and appropriate to the Caeſars, as being a Province annex'd to the Empire, after the Diviſion of Provinces made by Auguſtus, and having Propraetors of its own.

HADRIAN, who was made Emperor about the Year of our Lord 117, made the ſecond Wall. Cambd. He drew a Wall, ſays Spartian, of eighty Miles in Length, to divide the Barbarians from the Romans; which one may gather, from what follows in Spartian, to have been in the Faſhion of a Mural Hedge of large Stakes, fix'd deep in the Ground, and faſtned together with Wattles. The ſame Authority from the Scotch Hiſtorian who wrote the Rota Temporum, tells us, that Hadrian did firſt of all draw a Wall of a prodigious Bigneſs, made of Turf (of that Height that it look'd like a Mountain, and with a deep Ditch before it) From the Mouth of the Tyne to the River Eske, i. e. from the German to the Iriſh Ocean. This is ſuppoſed to have been done about the Year 123.

THE Cambd. Third Wall was built by Lollius Urbicus, Lieutenant of Britain, under Antoninus Pius, about the Year 144, who by his great Succeſs removed back the Bounds to where Julius Agricola had ſet them, and raiſed a Wall there.

THE Cambd. Fourth Wall was that of This Emperor died at York about the Year 211, Feb. 4th. Severus, which was built about the Year of Chriſt 210, which extended from Sea to Sea, quite croſs the Iſland. This was a Wall of Stone, built much about the ſame Place where the Wall of Hadrian was. It had it's Beginning at Bulneſs on the Iriſh Sea, and croſſing the Iſland, went as far as Walls-End, a Village about 3 Miles Eaſt of Newcaſtle.

A Cambd. Fifth Wall was built between the two Arms or Boſoms of the Seas for many Miles together, that where the Waters did not defend them, the Wall might be a Security againſt the Incurſions of the Enemy. This Wall was made by Carauſius, Governour of Britain, in the Reign of Diocleſian, and ſtood in the ſame Place where Lollius Urbicus had built his.

THIS being finiſhed, the Romans left the Britains to their own Valour and Conduct, being called away for the Defence of Gaul; But no ſooner were they gone, than their Enemies returned, and ſlew all before them: Upon this they ſent Ambaſſadors to Rome to ſollicite the Aſſiſtance of the Romans, which was granted them. For Valentinian ſent three Companies under the Conduct of Gallio of Ravenua, who routed the Enemy and relieved the Province. After this Cambd. p. 86. ex Gild'. they made a Wall of Stone (not raiſed at the publick and private Coſts, as the other was) with the Help of the poor Natives, built after the uſual Manner, quite croſs the Country from one Sea to another, by thoſe Cities which were perhaps built there for fear of the Enemy: They exhorted them to be couragious, and left them Patterns to make their Weapons by. Upon the Southren Shore of Britain alſo, where their Ships [3] lay, (becauſe the barbarous Enemy might enter there) they built Turrets at ſome Diſtance from one another, that lookt a long Way to the Sea. And ſo the Romans intending never to return more, about the Four Hundred Seventy Sixth Year from the coming of Julius Caeſar, took their laſt Farewell.

THIS laſt Wall, according to Bede, was eight Foot broad and twelve Foot high, and ſtood in the Place where the Walls of Hadrian and Severus had ſtood. Cambd. It had great Number of Towers or little Caſtles, a Mile one from another, called now Caſtleſteeds; and on the Inſide a Sort of fortified little Towns call'd Cheſters. The Inhabitants tell you there was alſo a Brazen Trumpet or Pipe, (whereof they now and then find Pieces) ſo artificially laid in the Wall between each Caſtle and Tower, that upon the Apprehenſion of Danger at any ſingle Place, by the ſounding of it, Notice might be given to the next, then to the Third, and ſo on.

THESE are all the Walls of the Romans; and that three of them went through this Town is ſomething more than probable. For Severus's Wall was in the Place of Hadrian's, and the laſt Wall mentioned, in the Place of Severus's, and that laſt Wall went through this Town. Mr. Camden is ſo ſure of this, that he declares, 'Tis moſt certain that the Rampier, and afterward the Wall paſſed through this Town; and that at Pandon-Gate there ſtill remains, as 'tis Thought, one of the little Turrets of that very Wall. There is indeed to this very Day a Part of that Turret in being, above Pandon-Gate, which, as the ſame Authority juſtly obſerved, is different from the Reſt both in Faſhon and Maſonry, and undoubtedly carrys along with it a very great Age.

NEAR this Turret is the Wall-Knoll, a very ancient Place, which our Hiſtorian Grey ſays poſitively, Was a Part of the Picts-Wall; and indeed the very Name of it ſpeaks as much. For the Word Wall upon the Knoll, which ſignifies an Hill or Eminence, cannot be underſtood of any other than the Roman-Wall; Becauſe it had this Name from very ancient Times, long before the Building of the Town-Wall, to which it almoſt adjoins.

A little above this Place is a Tower, commonly call'd the Vide Wall-knoll Tower. Carpenters-Tower. This was one of the Roman-Towers, as was very Viſible, before the taking down of the Upper-part of it. Lib. de rebus Novocaſt'. For it was of the ſame Size, Model, and Stone with the Tower of This Village is now in the Poſſeſſion of John Rogers, Eſq of Newcaſtle, who has turned the inner Part of the Tower into Modern Rooms, but left the Walls of it ſtill intire. Rutcheſter in Northumberland, which was undoubtedly one of the Roman Towers, by the Picts-Wall.

IT muſt alſo not be omitted, that there is an ancient Tradition among the Inhabitants of this Town, that the Roman-Wall went through the Weſt-Gate, and the Vicar's Garden, along that Ground where St. Nicholas-Church now ſtands, along Nether-Dean-Bridge, by the Wall-Knoll, Sally-Port, and ſo on to Walls-End.

NOW to theſe Reaſons and Authorities let us add what Hollinſ. Deſcrip. of Brit. p. 128. Hollinſhead ſays, where he gives an Account of the Courſe of the Roman-Wall. It begins he ſays at Bolneſs upon Burgh, and ſo he brings it from Place to Place, 'till he brings it to Rutcheſter, then to Heddon, then to Wallbottle, then to A ſmall Village about 3 Miles Weſt from Newcaſtle, belonging to John Rogers, Eſq Denton, and to Newcaſtle, where it is thought St. Nicholas Church ſtandeth on the ſame.

TO this I ſhall add the Authority of a Manuſcript, I am obliged to a very worthy John-Milbank, Eſq Gentleman for; Hadrian built a Wall of Turff or Sods, from the Sea-Side beyond Carliſle unto Tinmouth. It was demoliſhed after he was gone, and after him Severus built near the ſame a Wall of Stone, and made Towers and Watching Places at every Miles End, and a Paſſage all along by the Help of an Horn, or ſuch an Inſtrument, that they might ſpeak through the Wall, and tell where the Enemy was. This ended at the River of Tyne near Walls-End. This Authority goes on, I my ſelf have ſeen it at Thirlwall, and it cometh by Portgate, near Stanchebank, by Halton, near the Long-Lane, where both the Walls are Apparent; as alſo at Denton, over Bonwell-Hill, down to [4] the Weſtgate. And he alſo adds, you may ſee it down the Hill by Mr. This Houſe was in Pilgrim-ſtreet on the Weſt-ſide, a little before you come to Silver-ſtreet. Leonard Carr's Houſe, and over Walker-Moor to It has been a Vulgar Error in many, who from the Name Wallſend, have imagined that the Wall did actually end at that Village; but it could never have been ſo, becauſe that Place is half a Mile from the River Side. It is therefore not preſumable that the Romans would have begun or ended the Wall but at the Side of the ſaid River, ſeeing all to the Eaſtward of this Place, the River was the Continuation of the Praetentura or Fence, from hindring the northerly Incurſions. The firſt Track is half a Mile South from Wallſend, near Couſins's Houſe, beginning a little to the Eaſt of it, at the Side of the River Tyne; and here certainly the 1ſt Station of Segedunum was originally placed. For 162 Paces a ſaint Track of the Wall appears running North twelve Degrees and a half Weſterly; then forms an Angle, Pointing ſouth weſterly for 135 Paces to the abovemention'd Manſion of Couſins's Houſe. About 131 Paces Weſt of this, the Foſſa begins to appear pretty diſtinct, meaſuring about 20 Foot in Breadth, and a little beyond it, is the Foundation of the Stone Wall, from hence it paſſes by a few Houſes called the Bee-Houſes, next through a ſmall Village called Walker: Here the Foſta is 40 Foot broad, beyond which the Foundation of the Stone-Wall appears plain, then it aſcends the Byker-Hill, runing betwixt the Village of Byker and the Windmill, thence going down the Hill, paſſes through the Euesburn, croſſing the Rivulet there; then I found it aſcend the high Ground to the Weſtward of it, paſſing by the Manſion Houſe and through the Garden to the Red-Barnes; from thence it is viſible through the Fields, going Streight to the Sally-Port Gate of Newcaſtle. Gordon. Itiner. Septent. p. 70. — This Place where the End of the Wall is, belongs to Mr. Henry Waters of Newcaſtle. Walls-End.

THUS I think it very clear that theſe Roman-Walls went through this Town. Let us now ſee what this Town was in theſe ancient Times. p. 779 Mr. Cambden gives his Opinion thus: Gateſide is commonly believed to be of greater Antiquity than Newcaſtle it ſelf. And if I ſhould ſay further, that this and Newcaſtle (for they ſeem formerly to have been only one Town parted by the River) were that Frontier-Garriſon, which in the Times of the later Emperors was called Gabroſentum, and defended by the ſecond Cohort of the Thraces; and that it retained it's old Name in a due Senſe and Signification, notwithſtanding this Newcaſtle has changed it's Name once or twice, I hope it will be no ways inconſiſtent with Truth. For Gaffr is uſed by the Britains for a Goat, and Hen, in Compoſition for Pen, which ſignifies an Head: And in this very Senſe and Meaning it is plainly called Caprae Caput, or Goats-Head by our old Latin Hiſtorians.

THUS far this learned Antiquary. But notwithſtanding this his Judgment, and that no tollerable Reaſon can be brought againſt the two Places having been but one; yet ſome will ſtill have it, that Gateſide, excluſive of Newcaſtle, is the ancient Gabroſentum, becauſe of it's Name. For my Part I cannot help being of Mr. Cambden's Opinion, and for this, among other Reaſons; that if the Name of Caprae Caput diſcovers the Gabroſentum, then it is more probable that the principal Part of it lay on the North-ſide of the River than on the South: Becauſe Gabroſentum was one of theſe Frontier Garriſons, which lay ad Lineam Valli, within the very Range of the Wall. For all theſe Garriſons ad Lineam Valli, were placed on the ſame Side of the River with the Wall it ſelf, conſequently Gateſide could but at moſt have been a Part of Gabroſentum, and the meaneſt Part of it too; a Sort of Suburbs to it, as it actually was to this Town of Newcaſtle, in the Reign of Edward the Sixth, as ſhall be ſhown hereafter.

BUT if this is not allowed, (and yet it muſt be allowed, if Gateſide has it's Name from the Gabroſentum) yet moſt certainly it was a Vide Chap. of the upper Parts of the Town. garriſon'd Fort in theſe very Times. For ſtill there is the Remains of a Roman Turret, and the under Part of one of the Roman Towers to be ſeen, and the Name of Pandon is no ſmall Corroboration of the Truth of it, as may be ſeen in our Account of that Place.

THUS I think whatever is boaſted of the Antiquity of Gateſide, it plainly appears, that if Caprae Caput, or Gateſide Points out the ancient Gabroſentum, Newcaſtle muſt be her elder Siſter; foraſmuch as a Town muſt be earlier than it's Suburbs. And if it does not Newcaſtle is by Mr. Cambden called the old Gabrocentum where the 2d Cohort of the Thracians lay; but according to the Courſe of the Forts in the Notitia Imperii, Gabrocentum is the ſeventeenth Station on the Wall; if therefore we follow the Noticia ſtrictly, Newcaſtle would rather ſeem to be the Pons-Aelii, the 2d Station on the Wall, where the Cohort of the Cornovii lay. In this I have the concurring Opinion of the learned and judicious Antiquary Dr. Hunter of Durham. Gord. Itin. Septent. pag. 71. The ancient Orrhea, mentioned by Ptolomy has been thought by ſome to have been the Original of this Town, but for what Reaſon I know not. Point it out, it will then be a certain Concluſion, that there is an indiſputable Account of this Town in theſe very Times of the Romans, which was ſome Hundreds of Years before Caprae Caput, or Gateſide is mentioned by the moſt early of our Latin Hiſtorians.

CHAP. II. Of this TOWN, after the Time of the ROMANS.

[5]

AFTER the Departure of the Romans, it ſeems to have changed it's Name, as I ſhall ſhew immediately; and probably by the latter Part of it's after Name Monkcheſter, it was a Place of Defence, or Garriſon'd Fort, during the Times of the Saxons and Danes. This Name of Monkcheſter it retained 'till after the Conqueſt. Thus we are told from Simeon Dunelmenſis, a Monk of the Church of Durham, that Newcaſtle upon Tyne was anciently called Monkcheſter, civitas Monachorum, or the Town of the Monks, not becauſe it belong'd to the Monks, but becauſe the Monks of thoſe Parts dwelt there.Ex Collect. Mr. J. Douglas.

SOME, are of Opinion, that Newcaſtle got it's Name of Monkcheſter, becauſe the Monks in Time of Danger came for Protection to it, and not from their inhabiting it. This is quite contrary to the Authority above-mentioned, and all others that I have met with. Mr. Eachard in his Hiſtory of England ſays, that Monkcheſter was ſo called from certain Monks who lived there in great [6] Auſterity and Retirement; and the Monaſticon gives us the following Account. In the Year 1074, there was a certain Man in the Province of the Mercians, a Presbyter and Prior of the Monaſtery of Wincheleſcumbe, who was a Monk, whoſe Name was Aldwin: This Man preferr'd a voluntary Poverty and Contempt of the World to all it's Honours and Riches; and having learned from the Hiſtory of the Northumbers, that that Land was formerly famous for Multitudes of Monks and religious Men, who tho' in the Fleſh, lived not according to the Fleſh, but whilſt they were on Earth, had their Converſation in Heaven: He deſired greatly to viſit the Monaſteries of theſe Places, (tho' He knew they were forſaken and left deſolate) and there to lead a poor Life in Imitation of them. Coming therefore as far as the Monaſtery of Eveſham, he made known his Purpoſe to certain of the Brethren; upon which, two of them aſſociated with him; one of them was named Elfwie, who was a Deacon, and after that a Prieſt; The other's Name was Renifrid; he was ignorant of Letters. Theſe the Abbot gave leave to accompany him, but not 'till he had ſet Aldwin over them, and committed to him the Care of their Souls. After this, they ſet forward on their Journey a Foot, having an Aſs to carry their Books, Neceſſaries, and their Sacerdotal Veſtments, to celebrate divine Service in. At length they came to York, deſiring of Hugh, the Son of Baldrick, who was then Sheriff, Ut eis ducem itineris inveniret uſque locum qui Monkceſter, i. e. Monachorum civitas appellatur, nunc Novum-Caſtellum nominatur. Quo per ductum venientes, ad tempus ibidem ſunt morati, ubi nullum antiquum Sanctorum Chriſti reperirunt Veſtigium. Dugd. Mon. Tom. 1. p. 41. that he would procure them a Guide to Monkcheſter, that is, the City of the Monks, which is now called Newcaſtle, whither being brought by their Guide, they ſtaid a-while, but found not any Remains of it's former Sanctity, no Footſteps of the Religious People who had formerly dwelt there. Walcher Biſhop of Durham hearing of this, ſent for them, and gave them the Monaſtery of Jarray, which at that Time was unroof'd, and had ſcarce any Thing remaining of it's ancient Grandeur.

AND now how long it had been in this deſolate Condition we may gather from Mag. Brit. Nov. & Antiq. ex Holbiuſ. Hollingſhead. By the Invaſion of the Danes, ſays he, the Churches and Monaſteries throughout Northumberland were ſo waiſted and ruined, that a Man could ſcarcely find a Church ſtanding at this Time in all that Country; and as for thoſe that remained, they were all covered with Broom or Thatch: And as for any Abby or Monaſtery there was not one left in all the Country; neither did any Man, for the Space of Two hundred Years, take Care for the repairing or building up of any Thing in Decay; ſo that the People of this County knew not what a Monk meant. And if they ſaw any, they wondered at the Strangeneſs of the Sight. One Place there was in this County, famous for being the Habitation of Monks, from whence it was called Monkcheſter, but that alſo was ſo ruinated and deſtroy'd, that when the Monks of Mercia (the Monks mentioned before) came to it, they found no Token or Remnant of any Religions Perſons who had had an Habitation there; all was defaced and gone.

NOW with reſpect to Monkcheſter this ſeems to be punctually true. For as Hollingſhead obſerves that it was about 200 Years from the Ruin of the Monaſteries to this Time after the Conqueſt Anno 1074; ſo it muſt be taken Notice of, that the Danes, in the Year Hollin. 875, which was the 4th of the Reign of King Alured, divided themſelves. So that King Haldon with one Part thereof went into Northumberland, and lay in the Winter Seaſon near He ſat down with his Men at Tamesmouth, which is between Gateſide and Whickham. Sim. Dunel'. to the River of Tyne, where he divided the Country amongſt his Men, and remained there for the Space of two Years, and oftentimes fetched thither Booties and Preys out of the Country of the Scots and Picts.

IT appears then from this, that the Monaſteries of Monkcheſter had been in Ruins about 200 Years, that is to ſay, from the Year 875 to the Year 1074, the Time of the Coming of the Mercian Monk.

LET us now ſee if we can form any probable Conjecture when it was firſt inhabited by Monks, and got the Name of Monkcheſter. And this I imagine happen'd towards the later End of the 7th Century. For in the Year 635, the Monaſtical Life was brought in among the Northumbers by Aidan, who was [7] that Year made Biſhop of Northumberland, and had his Seat at Lindisfern is a ſmall Iſland on the Northern Shore of England, made only by ſwelling Tides, for at Ebb it is joined to the main Land of England, by a Ridge of ſandy Earth. It is, as we are inform'd called the Holy-Iſland, from it's firſt Biſhop living in an Holy Society with his Clergy. He dy'd Aug. 31ſt, Anno 651 and was buried in the Church of Lindisfern. He was ſucceeded by Finan a Monk of the Monaſtery of Hy, who died Feb. 12, in the Year 601. Coleman ſucceeded him, and was Biſhop about 3 Years. But being worſted in the Controverſy about the keeping of Eaſter, he gave up his Biſhoprick, and left Lindisfern. Tuda ſucceeded him, and dy'd the ſame Year he was made. After this the See was vacant fourteen Years, and then fill'd up by Eata in the Year 678, who continued 'till the Year 685, being then choſen to the See of Haguſtald. He was ſucceeded by St. Cuthbert, who was conſecrated at York by Theodore, Archbiſhop of Canterbury upon Eaſter-Day, which happened March 26. The Archbiſhop was aſſiſted by ſeven other Biſhops, and King Egfrid, and many of his Nobles were preſent. When he had been Biſhop about two Years, he gave up his Charge, and foreſeeing his Death approaching he reſigned his Biſhoprick, and retired to his former Solitude, the Iſland of Fern, where he died in two Months Time, viz. March the 20th 687, and was buried at Lindisfern. Eadbert was choſen after him, he governed the See about ten Years, and dy'd in the Year 697. Eadfrith or Egfrith ſucceeded him, who is ſaid to have wrote a very fine Book with his own Hand, containing the Goſpels in Latin, which Ethelwold, his Succeſſor, adorned with Gilding and Jewels, Bilfrid the Anchorite painted, and Aldred the Prieſt enlarged, with an interlineary Verſion in the Saxon Tongue: My Authority ſays further, that this very Book is ſtill preſerved in the Cotton-Library. — This famous Library had the Misfortune this laſt Year 1731 to be ſet on Fire, and part of it, and its Manuſcripts were burnt, but we hope this valuable Piece of Antiquity has eſcape. This Biſhop died Anno 721, and was ſucceeded by Ethelwold, after the See had been vacant near three Years. He died in the Year 740. Keneuif, or Kenulf ſucceeded him the ſame Year, who died in the Year 783. Henulf was ſucceeded by Higbaldus, who died May the twenty fifth, 803. Ecgbert ſucceeded him, who was conſecrated by Eanbald, Archbiſhop of York, Eanbert Biſhop of Haguſtald, and Baldulf, Biſhop of Whithern, at Bigwell, June 11th 803. He died Anno 821. Heathured ſucceeded him, and died Anno 830. Ecgredus was his Succeſſor, who dy'd in the Year 845. He was ſucceeded by Eanbert, who died in the Year 854. Eardulph ſucceeded him. This Biſhop left Lindisfern in the Year 875, on Account of the Invaſion of the Danes, and wandered up and down for ſome Years. At length he and his Company fix'd at Cunaceſtre (now called Cheſter in the Street) which is a Village about ſeven Miles diſtant from Newcaſtle, Southward. This was in the Year 883, and there the See continu'd 113 Years. This Biſhop died in the Year 900. He was the firſt of the Biſhops of Lindisfern that exerciſed Epiſcopal Authority over the See of Hexam; which he did in the firſt Year that he ſettled at Cheſter: The See of Hexam continued 'till the Reign of King Henry the firſt, under the Jurisdiction of the Biſhops of Lindisfern. Eardulph was ſucceeded by Cutheard, who died in the Year 915. Tilred ſucceeded him, and died in the Year 928. Tilred was ſucceeded by Wigred, who died in the Year 944. Wigred was ſucceeded by Uhtred, who ſat above 3 Years. Senhelm ſucceeded him; who ſeems to have been removed from his Biſhoprick in the year 957. He was ſucceeded by Aldred, who died in the year 968. Aldred was ſucceeded by Elffig, who is alſo call'd Ellfinus, who died in the year 990. Aldwin ſucceeded him, and in the year 995 was obliged to remove the Body of St. Cuthbert, and the Clergy that were with him, from Cheſter to Rippon, becauſe of the Danes; But Things becoming peaceable again, they left that Place about four Months after their coming thither. In their Return, they paſſed through Durham, which at this Time was a Place wild and not habitable, being all a Wood, full of thick Buſhes and Trees, ſaving only a little Plain upon the Top of the Hill, which was wont to be ſowed, and is the very Place where now the Church ſtandeth,) and were mightily taken with the Situation of it. Here Aldwinus firſt depoſited the Body of St. Cuthbert, and reſolved to make this Place his Epiſcopal Seat. Having therefore grubb'd up the Wood, he began to build a Church of Stone,Mag. Britt. p. 742. ex Godwin. and Houſes about it for his Company. The Governour of Northumberland, then named Uthred, and the People from the River Coqued to the Tees, came in ſo readily to his Aſſiſtance, and continued their Help ſo long, that the Wood was ſoon grubbed up and the Church and Houſes finiſhed, inſomuch that Aldwin dedicated the Church in the 3d year after he began the Work, upon Sept. the 4th. This was the Beginning of the Church and City of Durham or Dunhelm more properly, which takes it Name from Dun, which ſignifies a Mountain, and Holm a River-Iſland in the Saxon Language, becauſe the River Were, with it's circling Stream, waſhes the Hill on which it ſtands on all Sides, ſo that it makes it almoſt an Iſland. — Aldwin died in the year 1017, and was ſucceeded by Eadmund, who was elected the year 1020, after the See had been vacant about 3 years, he died Anno 1040, and was buried in the Church of Durham. Eadred ſucceeded him, but enjoyed that Honour no great while; for in 10 Months time he died, He was ſucceeded by Egelric, Anno 1049, who built a Church at Cheſter upon the Street, in Memory that the Biſhops of Lindisfern had reſted themſelves there, together with the Body of St. Cuthbert, 118 years, during the Time of the Daniſh Wars: He reſign'd in the year 1056, and was ſucceeded by Egelwyn, who died in the year 1071. Walter or Walcher ſucceeded him, who was ſlain at Gateſide (as a ſhewn in our Account of that Place) May 14th, 1080. After this the See was void for 6 Months; and then on the 9th of November was filled up by William Kairlipho, who died Anno 1095. This Man, as Godwin goes on, pulling down to the Ground the Church of Durham, which Aldwinus had firſt built, began to erect another far more magnificent, but lived not to finiſh it himſelf, Malcolme, King of Scots, and Purgot Prior of Durham, laid the 3 firſt Stones, July 30, or (as ſome deliver Aug. 11.) 1093. This Biſhop, after the See, had been vacant 3 years, and 4 Months, was ſucceeded by Ranulf Flambard, Anno 1099, who died Sept. [...], 1128. Geoffry Rufus was his Succeſſor, who died May the 6th, 1140. After him ſucceeded, William de Sancta Barbara, who died Nov. 14, 1153. He was ſucceeded by Hugh Pudſey. Vid. in Regu. Reg. Au. 1195. Lindisfern, [8] Hexam is a Town about 16 Miles Weſt of Newcaſtle. It was in the Times of the Romans, as Cambden ſays, the Axelodinum, where lay the 1ſt Cohort of the Spaniards. It had among the Saxons the Name of Hextoldeſham, from the Rivulet Hextold, which runs by it. In the year *Dugd. Vol. II. pag. 70. 674, Etheldreda, Wife to King Egfrid, aſſign'd it for an Epiſcopal See to St. Wilfrid, who built here a Church, and dedicated it to St. Andrew the Apoſtle. The Order of it's Biſhops is as follows; 1ſt Eata, who is alſo reckon'd the 3d or rather the 4th of that See, he was ordained Biſhop of Hexam at York, by Theodore, Archbiſhop of Canterbury, Anno 678, and governed that See three years whilſt he was Biſhop of Lindisfern. In the year 681 Tumbert the 2d Biſhop was conſecrated; but he was depoſed the ſame year, St. Cuthbert was choſen into his Place; but being better pleaſed with the Situation of Lindisfern; Biſhop Eata, in reſpect to him, left the See of Lindisfern, and became the 4th Biſhop of Hexam. The 5th was St. John of Beverly, who was Biſhop about the year 685, He continued Biſhop about one year, and was then tranſlated to York. After the Tranſlation of John, King Alfrid reſtored the Church of Hexam to Wilfrid the 6th Biſhop, who died Anno 709. St. Acca ſucceeded him, who was the 7th Biſhop, he was depriv'd in the year 733; he died Nov. 20, Anno 740, and was buried, as is ſaid, near the Conſiſtory of the Church of Hexam. Frithubertus the 8th Biſhop ſucceeded Acca, and came to the See Anno 735; he died Anno 766. Alkmundus the 9th Biſhop ſucceeded him, Anno 767, and died Sept. the 7th, 781. Tilbert the 10th was the next Biſhop; he died 789, and was buried in his own Church. To him ſucceeded Ethelbert the 11th Biſhop; he died October 16, 797, and was buried in the Church of Hexam. Heardred 12 ſucceeded him; who died in the year 800. To him ſucceeded Eanberth 13th Biſhop; who died Anno 806. To him ſucceeded Tidferth, the 14th Biſhop; who died about the year 821. After this, the See of Hexam, becauſe of the Daniſh Wars, lay neglected for above 63 years together. But at length it was united with Lindisfern, under Eardulph, the 15th Biſhop of Lindisfern. This happened in the year 883. Under this Jurisdiction it continued 'till the Reign of King Henry the 1ſt, when the Town of Hexam and the Church, Anno 1113, were taken from the Dioceſs of Durham and given to that of York, the King being highly diſpleaſed with Ranulph Biſhop of Durham. Ex. Mag. Brit. p. 737.This Church at the Time it was built, was ſuppoſed to exceed all the Churches on this Side the Alps, for it's Pillars, Porches, and Allies leading round it; afterwards in the Time of Biſhop Acca, that Biſhop ſuperadded to the Buildings of his Church many Decorations and curious Works; he got from all Parts ſome Relicks of the Apoſtles and Martyrs, and erected ſeveral Altars in Reverence to them, and for that End made diſtinct Porches in the Walls of the Church. He alſo with great Diligence and no ſmall Charge, gathered the Hiſtories of of their Sufferings, with many Volumes of Eccleſiaſtical Writers, and of them he made a very large Library. He alſo provided ſeveral ſacred Utenſils, as Flaggons, Cups, Pattens, Candleſticks, and other Veſſels of the like Nature, which belong to the Service of God. He alſo brought a famous Choriſter who had been taught to ſing in the Church of Canterbury, whoſe Name was Maban, to inſtruct thoſe of his Church of Hexam. Mag. Brit. ex Bed. lib. 5. c. 21. He is alſo ſaid to have gilded the Walls with Gold and Silver, and covered the Altars with Purple and Silk. That Part of this Church which is now ſtanding (for the Weſt End of it, is intirely demoliſhed) is ſtill grand and noble, and ſpeaks what it was in ancient Days. About 3 years ago it was repair'd by Contribution, no ſmall Part of which was raiſed in the Town of Newcaſtle. — This Church was honoured with the Sepulchre of the good King Alfwold, who was murder'd by Sigga, (a certain Nobleman) at Silceſter, Some Remains of which Place are yet to be ſeen on the Weſt Side of the North Tyne, in the Grounds belonging to Walwick Grainge, between that Place, and the Roman Wall. Rich. and lies buried under the Arch, at the South End of the North Eaſt Iſle; a Monument is erected ſince the Foundation, in Honour of that Prince. Rich. p. 61. **Stav. p. 173. ex Richard. Pri. Hagulſt. de Stat. Eccl. Stavely in his Hiſtory of Churches gives us the following Account. That Privilege which I read to have been granted unto the Church of the once eminent Monaſtery of Hagulſtad is very remarkable: That is, there were 4 Croſſes ſet up at a certain Diſtance from the Church, in the four Ways leading thereto. Now if any Malefactor flying for Refuge to that Church, was taken or Apprehended within the Croſſes, the Party that took or laid hold on him there, did forfeit Two hundredh; (in Hundredh viii. Librae continentur) If he took him within the Town, then he forfeited Four Hundredh; if within the Walls of the Church Yard, then Six Hundredh; if within the Church, then Twelve Hundredh; if within the Doors of the Quire, then Eighteen Hundredh; beſides Penance, as in caſe of Sacriledge; but if he preſum'd to take him out of the Stone Chair near the Altar, called Fridſtol, or from amongſt the Holy Relicks behind the Altar, the Offence was not redeemable with any Sum; but was then become ſine emendatione Botolos (i. e. Bootles, vid. Gloſs. W. Somner) and nothing but the utmoſt ſeverity of the offended Church was to be expected, by a dreadful Excommunication, beſide what the ſecular Power would impoſe, for the preſumptuous Miſdemeanour. The Canons Dug. Mon. Vol. II. p. 91. Regular of this Church, which were appointed by Thomas the 2d, Archbiſhop of York about the year 1109, continued 'till they were diſplaced by King Henry the 8th, Anno 1539. when the Revenues of the Monaſtery was valued at 122 l. 11 s. 1 d. It was of the Auguſtine Order. Several Rents were paid to it out of the Town of Newcaſtle. — It is ſtill very ſtately and magnificent, and by far exceeding any Thing in that Town. It is now inhabited by Sir Edward Blacket, Bart. but is the Property of Walter Blacket, Eſq Among the eminent Perſons of this Place, I meet with two in particular. Stephen. addit. Vol. 1. p. 203. The 1ſt is John of Hexam born in that Place, and firſt Monk, then Prior of the Monaſtery there. He was a Man, grave, modeſt, meek, courteous, aſſable, yet ſevere and rigid in puniſhing the Faults of thoſe under his Charge; learned and eloquent, and a diligent Searcher of Hiſtory and Antiquities, and tho' he taught Philoſophy and Divinity publickly in his Monaſtery, yet in private He, as much as Time would permit, read Hiſtorians, and particularly venerable Bede. He made an Addition of 25 Years to the Hiſtory of Simeon of Durham, beginning at the 9th Year of King Henry the 2d, and proceeding to the firſt of King Richard, calling it an Hiſtory of 25 Years. He alſo writ of Signs and Comets: A Diſcription of the Scottiſh War: Sermons, and ſome other Things; and flouriſh'd in 1190. The other is Richard of Hexam, firſt Monk, and then Prior of that Monaſtery, educated there in Monaſtical and School Learning, and in all Sorts of Piety; ſo diligently imitated his Maſter, John, Prior of that Place, that he ſucceeded him in that Employment, and in Teaching. When made Prior, he in all Things moſt exactly copy'd after his ſaid Maſter; for tho' he in publick taught his Brethren Philoſophy and Divinity; yet in private he read Hiſtory, and accurately writ the Affairs of his Time, eſpecially in England, by the Titles, The Actions of King Stephen; The Actions of King Henry the 3d, and proceeding to the 1ſt of King Richard; The War of the Standard; A ſhort Chronicle from Adam to Henry the Emperor; Of the State and Biſhops of the Church of Hexam. He died and was buried in his Monaſtery, about the year 1192. Hexam was made a Biſhoprick in the Year 678, and had Eata for its firſt Biſhop; Churches and Monaſteries were built in ſeveral Places, and Religion [9] flouriſhed in this whole Kingdom. This Account Hollingſhead gives in the following Words: Great Numbers of Perſons daily offered themſelves to be baptized, inſomuch that within the Space of 7 Days (as is left in Writing) Aidan chriſtned 15 Thouſand Perſons, of the which no ſmall Part forſaking the World, betook themſelves to a Solitary kind of Life. Thus by continual Preaching the Goſpel in that Country, it came to paſs in the End, that the Faith was generally received of all the People; and ſuch Zeal to advance the Chriſtian Religion daily increaſed amongſt them, that no where could be found greater. Hereupon were no ſmall Number of Churches built in all Places abroad in thoſe Parts by Procurement of King Oſwold, all Men liberally conſenting (according to the rated Subſtance) to be Contributors towards the Charges. By this Means the Kingdom of the Northumbers flouriſh'd, as well in Fame of Increaſe of Religion, as alſo in civil Policy and prudent Ordinances.

When now it is conſidered that the Buſineſs of Religion went on ſo Briskly throughout the whole Kingdom of the Northumbers; it is rational to ſuppoſe that this Place, as it was not only convenient for the monaſtical Life as to Retirement, but alſo a Security to it too, (being at that Time a garriſon'd Fort) was certainly as early inhabited by the Monks as the abovementioned Time; and beſides if we conſider the Veneration it is mention'd with by many Hiſtorians for the ſevere rigid Lives of it's Monks; how it was the moſt eminent Place in the North, for the monaſtical Life, ſo very famous on that account, as to change it's former Name to that of Monkcheſter: There can ſcarce be allowed it a later Time to arrive at ſuch a Pitch of Eminency and Glory. Before the Name of Monkcheſter, I imagine, from it's being a Place of Fortification, that it had the Name of Cheſter, as Weremuth was the original Name of that Place, but was afterwards called Monkweremuth, from the Monks inhabiting there. It ſeems all along to have been a Place of Defence and Fortification. It was the Ancient Gabroſentum, according to Mr. Cambden; or as others more juſtly imagine the Pons Aelii of the Romans; was a garriſon'd Fort, 'till inhabited by the Monks; and was ſuch from the Time of the Monks 'till the Conqueſt.

THE Name of Monkcheſter continued 'till the Building of the Caſtle, and after that, from the Building of it, it got the Name of New-caſtle: The Occaſion of which was this. Malcolme King of Scotland having entred with his Army into the Confines of England, came with it into Northumberland, and waiſted and plundered the whole Country as far as the River Tyne; the Conqueror being all the while in Normandy, and alſo his Son Robert Curtois. But no ſooner were the King and his Son come into England, than Robert was ſent with an Army againſt Malcolme to drive him out of the Country. The Scots being appriz'd of this, retir'd into their own Country, and Robert with his Army encamp'd upon the Banks of the Tyne, where he built the Caſtle to defend theſe Northern Parts from the Incurſions of the Scots, for the Mag. Brit. p. 608. Poly. virg. &c. Future. The Chronicle of Mailros ſays, that the Conqueror ſent his Son Robert into Scotland, againſt Malcolme, in the Year 1080, who, having done nothing, upon his return, built the New-caſtle. From hence it is eaſy to conclude, that the Caſtle was founded the ſame Year, towards the latter End of it. For Dugdale tells us in his Monaſticon, that Anno Domini MLXXX Rex Willielmus Autumnali Tempore Robertum Fillium ſuum contra Malcomum miſit; ſed cum perveniſſet ad Egglesbreth, nullo conſecto negotio, reverſus Caſtellum Novum ſuper flumen Tynae condidit. Dug. Mon. Tom. 1. p. 42. King William in the Year 1080, about the Time of Autumn, ſent his Son Robert into Scotland againſt Malcolme. But having got as far as Egglesbreth, he returned (having done no Exploit) and built the New-caſtle upon the River Tyne.

THUS the Town loſt it's Name of Monkcheſter for that of Newcaſtle, which it retains to this Day. But however by the building of the Caſtle it loſt nothing elſe; for the Building of the ſaid Caſtle did not deſtroy or take away the Right or Intereſt which the Towns-men had before; but that ſtill remained as before.

AFTER this the Town grew more populous, and increas'd in Trade and Wealth; had great Privileges granted them by the Kings, built Churches, Monaſteries, Walls, Bridges, &c. as ſhall be ſeen in the following Treatiſe.

CHAP. III. Of the WALLS of this TOWN.

[10]

NEW CASTLE is ſeated on the Northern Bank of the River Tyne; and is bounded on the Eaſt by the Land of Byker; on the Weſt by the Lands belonging formerly to the Prior of Tinemouth; on the North by the Lands of Kenton, and Coxlodge, and on the South by the County of Durham.

IT is ſurrounded with a Stone-Wall, which at the Time it was built, and for many Ages after, was undoubtedly of very great Strength. This has ſeveral Gates belonging to it, Round Towers, and Square Turrets, which ſhall by and by be conſidered. On the Out-ſide of it is a Ditch or Trench, and on the Inſide it is ramper'd with Earth.

Grey.THE Cauſe of Building this great Wall was the often Invaſion of the Scots into this Place and Country; they continually infeſted it and the rich Monaſteries in theſe Northern Parts; the religious Houſes of this Town, and the adiacent Places being above Forty.

SOME are of Opinion, that the Walls were begun in the Reign of King Henry the Third. But the Author juſt now mentioned, imagines Them to have been earlier. King John, he ſays, gave great Priviledges to this Town, and probably the New-gate, and Walls thereabout, were built in his Time; the North Part of the Wall being the oldeſt, and of another Faſhion than the other Walls.

IN the Reign of King Henry the 3d, the ſame Author ſays, the Weſt part of the Wall was built; but I am rather inclined to believe, that that Part of the Wall was not built 'till the Reign of Edward the 1ſt. The Wall from [11] the Time it was begun, went on but ſlowly 'till this Reign, when an Accident hapned, which revived the former Fears of the Towns-Men, and put them in Mind of the neglected Wall, which, 'till that Time had got no farther than Ever-Tower, as appears by the old Part of the Wall, ending thereabouts. The Accident was this, Cambden. in the Reign of Edward the 1ſt, a very rich Burgher being carried off a Priſoner by the Scots, out of the Middle of the Town, firſt paid a round Ranſom himſelf, and afterwards began the 1ſt Fortifications of the Place.

IT is true, that this Accident was the Occaſion of carrying on the Wall; but Mr. Cambden is miſtaken in ſaying it occaſioned the Beginning of it. For it was begun ſome Years before the Reign of Edward the 1ſt. For from Newgate to the Ever-Tower as has juſt now been obſerved, is a Work older, and vaſtly different from what the Wall is from Ever-Tower towards the Weſt-gate. This Wall, leading to the Weſt-gate, was it which was begun in the Reign of Edward the 1ſt, for in this Reign it was, (when Leave was granted to the preaching Friers to break out that Little Gate which now leads into the Wardens-Cloſe, then their Garden, that this Wall was called the Vid. Durham-Tower and Black-Friers. New-Wall; and ſurely a New-Wall, will imply that there was an Old one before, was the thing itſelf not ſtill a Matter of Fact as it really is to any Obſerver.

HOW long the Walls were a Building, or who they were in particular that contributed towards the Building of them, is a Matter pretty much in the Dark. However, 'tis Gardiner, chap. 4. This Author, whoſe Name was Ralph Gardiner, liv'd at Chirton, a Village Eaſt of Newcaſtle, near the Town of Shields, which Village is now in the Poſſeſſion of Robt Lawſon and Edward Collingwood. Eſqrs. He was a bitter Enemy to this Town, and did all the Miſchief to it that lay in his Power, as appears in every Page of his Book. In which are Numbers of Falſities. ſuppoſed, that King Edward the 1ſt, was a Contributor to them. The Names of ſome of the Round-Towers alſo give us ſome Light, which to this Day do ſeemingly bear the Names of their ancient Founders, which may in ſome Meaſure occaſion a Gueſs at the Time of their Building.

THE Town, after the compleating of the Walls, was divided into 24 Wards, according to the Number of the Gates, and round Towers in the Wall, which Towers and Gates were wont be defended in Times of Hoſtility with the Scots, by the particular Wards appropriated to them.

THE 1ſt Gate I ſhall begin with is the Cloſe-gate, which is ſo called, becauſe it ſtands in a narrow Street called the Cloſe, it had in Ward, from the Cloſe-gate upon the South-rawe, ſo going Eaſtward unto the Javil-grippe, but nothing of Javil-grippe, then going Weſtward upon the North unto the Cloſe-gate.

FROM the Cloſe-gate there are Stairs leading up to a Round-Tower called the White-Fryer-Tower. This Tower had in Ward, from the Eaſt-end of Bailiff-gate, oppoſite to the Javil-grippe, with all that dwell upon the High-Stairs in the Cloſe, unto and with the Weſt-ſide of theſe Stairs that lead unto the South-Poſtern of the Caſtle, with all Javil-grippe Eaſtward, and from the Javil-grippe to the South-rawe of the Cloſe, and with all the Bridge-End.

THIS Tower, with the Wall leading to the little Gate, (commonly called the Poſtern-gate, but originally the Gate of the White-Fryers, or White-Fryer-gate) were together with the Gate itſelf, probably built by the White-Fryers; for the White-Fryers were ſituated in the South-weſt-end of the Street of Weſt-gate, in the ſame Grounds were are now the Houſes of Mr. Anderſon, George Grey, Eſq and others. And as it is reaſonable to believe, that whatever Religious Houſe, or Nobleman, built a Tower or Piece of the Wall, that it would be built chiefly for their own Security; ſo the Buildings now mentioned, being ſo ſituated as I have juſt now obſerved, are a Proof that the White-Fryers were the Founders. And if it be conſidered that the White-Fryers were See White-Fryers. founded by King Edward the 1ſt, in whoſe Reign the above-mentioned Accident happened, which occaſioned a freſh Beginning of Building of the Wall; it will appear ſtill more probable, that theſe Fryers were the Builders. It may indeed be ſaid, that as they were ſounded in this [12] Reign, it can't be imagin'd they had ſufficient Riches for ſuch an Undertaking. This is readily granted, but when it is conſidered, that theſe Fryers were newly founded by King Edward the 1ſt, that they were the firſt of that Order that had been in this Place, that they were Carmelites, or originally coming from Mount Carmel in Syria, and that the Prayers of all Monaſteries were thought more particularly available for the Souls in Purgatory; it will follow I think rationally, that they were more able then to do ſuch a Thing by getting the Contributions of others, than they could have been of themſelves 200 Years after. The Name given to theſe Walls is alſo another Argument; it is more probable, that the White-Fryer-Tower, the Wall and Gate now mentioned, were ſo called, (as other Towers were) from their Founders, than from their bare Situation. For the Walls behind the Black-Fryers are not called after their Name, becauſe they were not built by them, but by King Edward the 1ſt, as ſhall be ſhewn below.

THIS Tower is now the Meeting-Houſe or Hall of the Company of Maſons.

GREY in mentioning the Ports or Gates of Newcaſtle, ſays, there were beſides Theſe, Poſtern-Gates belonging to the Religious Houſes; I have met with no more than three, and this White-Friers-gate is undoubtedly one of them. It ſeems to be much of the ſame Kind with that which leads into the Warden's-Cloſe. It has been an Out-let to the Fryers, that they might walk to the Forth and the neighbouring Fields; and that it might be of Uſe and Service to the Caſtle, in Times of Hoſtility with the Scots. I imagine it was out at this Gate, that the Townſmen made that famous Sally, mention'd by Grey, who ſays, that in the Reign of Edward the 3d, See a more perfect Account in the Year of the Mayors, 1342. Three hundred valiant Men iſſued out of the Town through a Poſtern-gate, and came ſuddenly in the Night upon a great Army of the Scots, which lay in the Weſt Part of the Town, and raiſed the Army, put them to flight, and took Earl Murray Priſoner in his Tent, and others.

THE next Round Tower to White-Fryer-gate is Denton-Tower, or Nevil-Tower, which had in Ward all the Hairy-Hugh, on the South Side of the White-Fryers, with all the Houſes ſtanding there, upon the Burn-bank, betwixt the Fryer-Kirk, and a Burne, unto the Stone Bridge in Bailiff-gate, with all Bailiff-gate, upward that ſame Rawe unto Denton-Chare, with Denton-Chare.

WHY it was called Denton-Tower, I can give no Reaſon, unleſs it was from it's having in Ward the Lane called Denton-Chare; but it has the Name of Nevil-Tower, from the Nevil Family of Raby who built it, which Family was honoured with the Title of Earl in the Reign of Richard the 2d, Ralph Nevil Lord of Raby, being created Earl of Weſtmoreland, in the 21ſt of that Reign: His Houſe in Weſt-gate, called Weſtmoreland-place, which ſhall be conſidered when we treat of that Street, had this Tower built behind it for it's Security and Defence. The Tower is now the Hall of the Wallers, Brick-layers and Plaiſterers, and was repair'd by them Anno Dom' 1711, Richard Fletcher, and William Johnſon, Wardens.

THE next Round Tower is Weſt-ſpittle-Tower, which had in Ward the Side upon the Weſt Rawe under the Caſtle Moat, from the Caſtle-gate, ſo downward on that Rawe, to and with a great Waſte belonging to Laurentius Acton, oppoſite to a Corner Shop of a Chauntery in St. John's Kirk, next the Pant; alſo from that Pant upwards upon the Eaſt-Rawe in the Side, with the South Kirk-Style of St. Nicholas, by the Eaſt-Side of St. Nicholas.

THIS Tower has it's Name from St. Mary the Virgin's Hoſpital, which was otherwiſe called Weſt-ſpittle, to which it almoſt adjoins; it muſt have been built by the Maſter and Brethren of that Hoſpital for the ſame Reaſons that the other two Towers before-mentioned were built by their ſuppoſed Founders.

[13]THE Tower next to this has the Name of Stank-Tower. It had in Ward all Now called Back-rawe. Gallowgate; oppoſite to the Caſtle-Yates, ſo going Northward, from the Eaſt-end of Gallowgate, upwards that ſame Rawe, unto the Eaſt-end of Denton-Chare, with the Iron-market, with all the Houſes oppoſite to the Iron-market, down to St. Nicholas Pant, as their Doors open towards the Iron-market, or towards the Pant, or towards St. Nicholas Kirk-Yard.

GUNNER-TOWER, is the next; it had in Ward, from All-Hallow-Pant, beſide Cordiner, ſo going downward the ſame Rawe towards Cale-Croſs, and ſo going upwards by that Fleſher-Rawe, unto Painter-hugh beſide Swin-burne-place, unto a Place called Pencher-place, beyond Painter-Heugh, as it ſtandeth beyond Lorkburne.

BETWEEN this Tower, and one next to it, is a Poſtern which leads to the Forth. It was made Anno 1705, when Thomas Waſs, Eſq was Mayor, Matthew Matfin, Eſq Sheriff. There is alſo another Paſſage from it into Weſtgate.

PINK-TOWER. This Tower had in Ward in the Cloſe, from the High-Stairs that lead from the South Poſtern of the Caſtle towards the Cloſe, ſo going Eaſtward on that ſame Rawe, by the North-ſide of Sandhill, unto and with St. Mary-lane, with the Houſes upon the Corner, called St. Mary-Lands in All-hallow-kirk, and ſo going upwards all the Weſt-rawe in the Side, to a great Waſte upon the Caſtle-hugh, ſometimes call'd old Laurentius Acton's Waſte, oppoſite to the Pant at Lorkburne.

WEST-GATE, is the next, which is the High-way Weſt into the Counties of Northumberland and Cumberland, and is Grey. ſaid to have been built by Roger de Thornton, in Memory that he came from the Weſt-country, according to the old ſaying,

At the Weſt-gate came Thornton in,
With a Hap, and a Half-penny, and a Lamb-skin.

THIS Gate had in Ward from the Vennel that leads into White-Fryer-Kirk, ſo going upon the Weſt Rawe of Weſtgate, unto the Weſtyate, with all that dwell without that Yate. Alſo from the Weſt-end of Denton Chare, ſo going upward upon the Eaſt-Rawe of Weſtgate unto the Weſtyate, with all that dwell in St. John's Kirk-yard, and with all that dwell from the ſaid Kirk unto the Weſt-gate. It is now the Hall of the Houſe-Carpenters.

DURHAM-TOWER is the next, and it had in Ward from St. John's Chare to going upward by Urd-place, upon the Weſt-Rawe of Beer-market, unto the Shod-Frier-Chare, with all the Shod-Frier Chare.

HEBER-TOWER is the next; it had in Ward all the Meal-market from Denton-Chare, to Pudding-Chare, with all Pudding-Chare and St. John's Chare.

THIS Tower is now the Hall of the Armourers, Curriers and Felt-makers, who were made one Fellowſhip in the 36th of Henry the 8th. They were ordered to aſſociate themſelves in the Feaſt of Corpus Chriſti, and go together in Proceſſion, as other Myſteries, and ſuſtain the Charges of the Lights Pageant, and Place, on the ſame Feaſt; according to old ancient Cuſtom. And the Ordinance therein was to be deviſed by Their Wardens when the Hour was aſſigned, upon Pain to loſe and forfeit one Pound of Wax, to be applied to the Uſe of the whole Fellowſhip of the ſaid Occupations. The beſt Account I have met with of theſe kind of Plays, is of one that was play'd in the City of Coventry. Step. 1ſt V. p. 138. Before the Suppreſſion of Monaſteries, the City of Coventry was very famous for the Pageants that were played therein upon Corpus Chriſti Day, which occaſioning very great Confluence of People to it from far and near, was of no ſmall Benefit thereto; which Pageants being acted with mighty State and Reverence by the Franciſcan-Fryers, had Theatres for the ſeveral Scenes very large and high, placed upon Wheels, and drawn to all the eminent [14] Parts of the City, for the better Advantage of Spectators: and contain'd the Story of the old and new Teſtament, compos'd into old Engliſh Rhimes, as appears by an ancient Manuſcript, entitl'd Ludus Corporis Chriſti, or Ludus Coventriae, that is, The Play of Corpus Chriſti, or The Play of Coventry. in Bibl. Cotton. ſub Effigie Veſp. D. 8.

A Specimen of them is as follows;
Vexillator I.
NOW Gracyous God groundyd of all Goodneſs,
As thy grete Glorie nevyr begynnyng had;
So You ſuccour and ſave all thoſe that ſytt and ſeſe
And Lyſtenyth to our Talking with Sylens ſtille and ſad
For we purpoſe no pertly Stylle in yis prefe,
The Pepyl to pleſe with Pleys full Glad.
Now Lyſtenyth us lonly both mar and leſle
Gentillys and ȝemanry off Goodly Liff Lad
Yis Tyde,
We xall ȝou ſhewe as that we can,
How this yis a Werd firſt began,
And how God made bothe Mold and Man,
If that ȝe will abyde.
Vexillator 2.
IN the firſt Pagent we yeuke to play,
How God dede make Yowe his owyn Myth,
Hevyn ſo clar upon the firſt Day,
And therein he ſett Angell full Bryth
Thou Angell with Song yis no nay,
Xall worchep God as it is ryth;
But Lucyfer, that Angel ſo gay
In ſuch Pompe Yan is he Pyth.
And ſett in ſo grete Pride
That Goddys ſette te Gynnyth to take,
Heſe Lordys per Hymſelf to make
But Yan be fallyth aftend full Blake
From Hevyn to Helle to a—bide, &c.

A little beyond this Tower, oppoſite to the Monaſtery of the Black-Friers is a little Gate in the Wall, which I imagine to be one of thoſe which Grey calls Poſtern-Gates. It leads into the Warden's-Cloſe, and was made in the Reign of King Edward the 1ſt. The Black Fryers petition'd the King, he being then at Durham, that they might have a Paſſage though his New Wall into their Garden, which was accordingly granted. The original Grant is ſtill in Being, with the King's Seal at it, in the Hands of Mr. Joſhua Douglas, who obliged me with the following Copy of it.

EDWARDUS Dei gratia Rex Angliae Dominus Hiberniae Dux Aquitaniae Omnibus ad quos preſentes Literae perveniunt ſalutem.

Sciatis quod de noſtra Gratia ſpeciali conceſſimus dilectis nobis Fratribus praedicatoribus de Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam, quod per medium Novum Murum circumagentem Villam praedictam, quem per medium Gardini Praedictorum Fratrum fieri opertebit, ut dicti facere poſſint quandam ſtrictam Portam ad ingreſſum in Gardinum ſuum habend' Portam ſuſt' ſibi & ſucceſſoribus ſuis tenere in perpetuum. Dum tamen Porta illa ad voluntatem noſtram, Vicecomitis Northumbriae aut Conſtabuli noſtri ibid' qui pro tempore fuerit, obſtruatur. In cujus Rei Teſtimonium has Literas noſtras fieri Patentes; Teſts me ipſo apud Dunelm' decimo octavo die Septembris, Anno Regni noſtri Octavo.

MORDEN-TOWER had in Ward both the Eaſt-Raw of Spurrior-gate, Sadler-gate, and over Fleſh-ſhambles, from the North-Weſt Kirk-Stile of St. Nicholas unto Fiſh-ſhambles, and the ſaid Raws opened either to the Cloth-market, or the Meal-market. This Tower was granted to it's Companies Anno 1619. The Ordinary was granted them 1536. In that it is order'd, that they ſhall go in Proceſſion on Corpus Chriſti Day, and maintain the Play of the Three Kings of Colleign. In the Year 1700, this Tower was by the Plumbers, Glaziers, &c. made a beautiful Hall.

[15] EVER-TOWER, which is now the Hall of Colliers and Carriage-Men, with Pavers, had in Ward the Shod-Frier-Yate, ſo going up that Raw beſide White-croſs unto Newgate, with all the Darnecrook, and with all the Gallow-gate without Newgate, unto the Barriers, as Men go to the Gallows.

ANDREW-TOWER, ſo called, becauſe it is almoſt contiguous to St. Andrew's Church, had in Ward from the Great Nun-gate, ſo upwards upon that Eaſt-Rawe, unto a Burn, beſide Lam-place that runs to Lorkburne, with all the Cockſtale-Booths, and with all the Weſt-Rawe of Sidgate without New-gate from Gallows-gate unto the Water-Mill beſide St. James's Kirk.

NEWGATE had in Ward all Ratten-Rawe, as it opens towards the Pillory in Cloth-market, with them that dwell in the North of St. Nicholas upon that Eaſt-Rawe of the Cloth-market, unto the Over-dean-bridge end.

THIS Gate of all the others is not only the ſtrongeſt, but alſo the moſt ancient. It is of the ſame Maſonry and way of Building with that Part of the Wall which leads to Weſtgate Weſtward, as far as Ever-Tower, which is viſibly the oldeſt Part of the Wall. From this Gate is a Cauſey that leadeth to the Town-moor, and towards the North Parts of Northumberland and Scotland; it is now, and has been many Years a Priſon for Debtors and Grey. Fellons. The new Buildings on each Side of it were built, the one Anno 1702, William Ramſey, Eſq Mayor, William Boutflower, Eſq Sheriff; the other Anno 1706, Sir Ralph Carr, Mayor, William Elliſon, Eſq Sheriff.

BERTRAM-MUMBOUCHER-TOWER. From Newgate towards the Eaſt we paſs to the Tower of Bertram Mumboucher, which was ſo called from Bertram Mumboucher the Founder of it, Ex Fuller Wor. who was High-Sheriff of the County of Northumberland, in the 49th of Edward the 3d, and in the 1ſt, 2d, and 3d of the Reign of Richard the 2d.

This Tower has to Ward all the Weſt-end of Over-dean-bridge with the Shops between the Fiſh-ſhambles and the Beer-market, and from the ſame Bridge-end unto the Great Nun-gate.

FICKET-TOWER had in Ward from Whelpington-barn, beſide the Great Croſs ſtanding within Maudlin-Barras without the New-yate, ſo coming upon the Eaſt-Rawe of Sidgate, without the New-yate, unto the New-yate, and alſo within the New-yate, and ſo going up the Eaſt-Rawe Southward unto a Burne beſide Lam-place, that runneth towards Lorkburn, with all Grey-Frier-Chare from the Barras over againſt Ficket-Tower, and their North Kirk Door of the ſaid Fryery Weſt-ward, and no further Eaſtward in that Lane.

PILGRIM-STREET-GATE had it's Name from the Pilgrims who were wont to lodge in that Street, and go out of that Gate when they came to viſit the Shrine of the Virgin Mary at Geſmunde; to which Place with great Confluence and Devotion they came from all Parts of this Land in theſe Times of Superſtition. It is now the Hall of the Company of Joyners, who repair'd it 1716, Thomas French and Paul Cook being Wardens. This Gate had in Ward without the ſame Gate beginning at the great waſte Barn, call'd Emeldon-barn, oppoſite to the Maudlins, coming downward and inward upon that Weſt-Rawe of Pilgrim-ſtreet-yate, within the Yate, and within the Yate unto All-Hallow-Pant, beſides Cordiner's-place beſide the South-Kirk Stile of All-Hallow's Kirk, with all Painter-hugh, and with all Neither-dean-bridge, and with all the North-end of Upper-dean-bridge, both Sides thereof from Lorkburn Eaſtward to Pilgrim-ſtreet, with Pencher-rent, and in Grey-Fryer Lane from Ficket-Tower Eaſtward.

THE Tower next to this Gate is that in the Corner of the Carliol Croft, now the Hall of the Weavers who repair'd it Anno 1682. It got it's Name very probably from it's Founder: For the Carlills or Carliols were ſeveral [16] of them Magiſtrates of Newcaſtle: and as this appears probable from the Name, ſo it is alſo equally probable that the Founder of this Tower had his Houſe ſomewhere at the Head of Pilgrimſtreet, nigh his own Tower, as Nevel's Tower was behind his Houſe; and that the Field called vulgarly Carling Croft, had it's Name of Carliol Croft, being at that Time of Day the Property of this Founder. The laſt Mayor of this Town of that Name, before the Completion of the Walls, was Nicholas de Carliol in the 2d Year of Edward the 3d, ſo that this Tower could not be much later in Building, to ſay the leaſt of it's Antiquity imaginable; but it is rather probable it was built a good while earlier. It has to Ward all the Eaſt Raw of Pilgrim-ſtreet within the Yate, and without the Yate, from and with the Maudlins, ſo coming inward upon the Eaſt-Raw, unto the Auſtin-Chair.

CARLILL-CROFT-TOWER, otherwiſe called Plummer-Tower, it has in Ward from the Auſtin-Chare in Pilgrim-ſtreet, upon that Eaſt-raw of Pilgrim-ſtreet, unto the Kirk-Garth of All-Hallows, with all Temple-Gate, otherwiſe called All-Hallows-Gate, beneath All-Hallow Kirk, unto a Burn called Cogo, with all Cowgate and other Places between Cogo and the King's Wall unto the Stone-Brigg over Pandon-Burn, alſo upon the Sandhill on the Eaſt Side of Lorkburne, beginning at the Barber's-Shop upon the Corner, in Booth's-Rent, over-againſt the Maſon-Dieu, ſo going up that Eaſt-Side of Lorkburne, all that Rawe towards Cale-Croſs, to and with the Corner called Oliver-Rent, and ſo upward, all that Corner unto the North-End of Grindon-Chare.

AUSTIN-TOWER; this Tower was built by the Fryers of St. Auguſtine, commonly called Auſtine-Fryars, and has its Name from them. It ſtands oppoſite to the Monaſtry that built it, as the White-Fryer-Tower and Wall does to that of the White-Fryers, and Weſt-Spittle-Tower to that of St. Mary the Virgin, or the Weſt-Spittle. It ſeems to have been built in the Reign of Edward the firſt.

IT has in Ward from the North-end of Grindon-Chare, ſo up that South-Raw of the Neither All-Hallow's-Bank unto Galeway-Rent with them that Dwell in Brown-Chare, Grindon-Chare, Tud's-Chare, Norham-Chare, Philip's-Chare, Shipman's-Chare, Oliver-Chare, Galeway-Chare, with half of the Fryer of Auſtin. This Tower is now the Hall of the Ropers, and was repair'd at the Charge of the Company, 1698, John Langlonds, and John Dawſon being Wardens.

CORNER-TOWER had in Ward all the Houſe-ſide upon the Key, as their Doors open Southward towards the King's Wall upon the Key-ſide from the Stone Stairs beſide the Common; ſo going Eaſt-ward upon the Key-ſide, to the South-end of Broad-Chare-Yate, in the ſaid King's Wall.

PAMPEDEN-YATE is ſo called from the Ancient Town of Pampeden, where was the Picts-Wall, and a Roman Turret, part of which is ſtill to be ſeen. Out of this Gate is a Cauſey that goeth into a Place of Recreation and Perambulation, called the Shields-Field, and a Way to a Village called Wallſ-end is a Village Faſt from Newcaſtle about three Miles; nigh it was the Station of the 1ſt Cohort of the Fraxagi as the Liber notitiarum ſays, which calls the Place itſelf Vindobola, or as Antoninus names it, Vindomora, which laſt ſeems in the Provincial Language of the Britons to have ſignified the Walls-end, as the later does the Rampier's-end. For they anciently named a Wall Mur, and a Ditch or Rampier Gual, or Val, or Bal. Cambden. But with this a late ingenious Author cannot agree, becauſe Mr. Cambden brings no Proof from Inſcriptions, and alſo becauſe Pancirolus, in the ſame Notitia places Vindomora at the ninth Station per Lineam Valli, where the fourth Cohort of the Galli lay, and which appears by Inſcriptions to have been the Little Cheſters upon the Wall; He concludes therefore, that where the Wall begun, which has already been ſhown, the firſt Station of Segedunum was certainly placed. Gord. Irinerar. Septontion. p. 70. The preſent Walſ-end is a very agreeable Place, having about it very good Grounds, and in it ſome beautiful Houſes and Gardens. Some of the Poſſeſſors of which, are Mr. Henry Waters of Newcaſtle Hoaſtman, Mr. Charles Atkinſon of Newcaſtle, Hoaſtman, Mr. Thomas Waters of Newcaſtle, Merchant, Mr. James Monkcaſter of Newcaſtle, Merchant, Mr. William Dixon of Newcaſtle, Brewer, &c. There is a Chapel belonging to this Village, which is very inconveniently ſituated, on the Top of an Hill, the preſent Incumbent is the Reverend Mr. Thomas Dockwray, Lecturer of St. Nicholas in Newcaſtle. Walſ-end, [17] by Bede, Villa ad Murum, This is certainly a Miſtake. For according to Mr. Cambden, that was Wall-town, which from the agreeableneſs of the Name, and (as he goes on) it's 12 Miles Diſtance from the Eaſtern Sea, was the Royal Burrow, which Bede calls ad murum. But the learned Dr. Smith upon this Paſſage of Bede is of another Opinion. He ſays, it is commonly ſuppoſed to be Walton, but this, he adds, can't be true. For it anſwers not the Diſtance at which Bede places the ad murum from the Sea. But Wallbottle, both as to it's Name, and as to it's Diſtance, which is not far from Newcaſtle, and from the Sea about 12 Miles, will anſwer exactly well. But be this is it will, certain it is, that the ad murum is famous on Account that Sigebert King of the Eaſt-Saxons, and Penda King of the Mercians, together with his whole Train of Courtiers and Attendants were baptiſed in it by the Biſhop Finanus. —One Matilda, of this Village of Walls-end, had ſome Lands in Pampeden confirmed to her at a Court held at Byker, Anno 1285. In a Charter of William de Carilepho, Biſhop of Durham, which he granted to the Monks, we have mention made of this Place. For the Biſhop is ſaid to have given this and Willington to the Monks. Ultra ampnem Tinam duas villas Wyllynton & Walleſhend cum ſuis Appendiciis. and ſo into Tinemouth-ſhire. This Gate had in Ward from Galeway-Rent in Croſs-gate, beſide All-Hallow Pant, both the Rawes of that Croſs-gate, ſo going-Eaſtward down to the Pant called Broad-Chare Pant, with Bell-place that ſtandeth upon the Pant; and with all the Broad-Chare, and Narrow-Chare, otherwiſe called Collier-Chare, with Michael-place, cutting upon the Weſt-ſide of Pandon-bourne.

WALL-KNOWL-TOWER and HABKIN-TOWER, are now but one Ward, and they have in Ward from the Broad-Chare part, beſide Bell-place, ſo going to a Burn called Cogo, both the Towers unto the South-ſide Cogo-Burn, as it runneth beſide the Stone Brig unto Pandon-Burn, from Pandon-yate, to the Sand-gate either in Pandon or Fiſher-gate, or in other Places from the ſaid Burn Eaſtward, with the Wards, with all that dwell upon North Rawe in Sandgate.

THIS Tower commonly called the Carpenters Tower, becauſe the Company of Carpenters or Ship-wrights meet in it, was one of the Towers of the Old Romans. This Company in the Year 1716, built upon the under Part of it a very grand and ſtately Square-Tower, adorn'd at the Top Corners with 4 fair Turrets built in the form of a Lanthorn.

Lib. de Reb. Novocaſt'.BUT before the taking down the Top of the old Tower, it was much of the ſame Size, Model, and Stone with the Tower of Routcheſter in Northumberland, which was certainly one of the Towers belonging to the Picts-Wall.

THERE is under it an ancient Poſtern-gate, which leads into the Field called the Garth-Heads, the moſt part of which was laſt Year encloſed and turned into Garden-ground, by Richard Ridley, Eſq the Owner of it.

FROM Sandgate, which is ſo called becauſe, it was built upon the Sand, or the River-ſide, is a Wall, having many little Gates in it, extending itſelf as far as the Merchant's Hall, along the Street called the Key-ſide.

IT muſt not be forgot what is mentioned in the Manuſcript of Mr. John Milbank, that between every one of theſe Towers, there were for the moſt Part 2 Watch-Towers made ſquare, with the Effigies of Men cut in Stone upon the Tops of them, as tho' they were watching, and they were called Garret, which had Square Holes over the Walls to through Sones down.

WHEN theſe Walls were finiſhed is not exactly found. Grey Grey 7. ſeems to think they were finiſhed ſome little Time before the Reign of Henry the 6th.

BUT this I imagine is a Date too late for the finiſhing of them; for Henry the 4th, in the 4th Year of his Reign, Aug. 16, granted at the Caſtle of Port-tefract, that all Fines, Redemptions, Amerciaments, Iſſues, Forfeitures and Profits, as well of Pleas as that of Juſtices of the Peace, &c. be received by the Mayor and Burgeſſes of this Town and their Officers, for ſupporting, amending, and repairing the Walls, Bridges and Gates of the Town. The Walls then in this Reign muſt have been compleated, foraſmuch as they then probably wanted Repairs.

BUT further had Grey remembered his own Story above-mention'd, of the 300 valiant Men, that iſſued out at the White-fryer-gate, and put the Scottiſh Army to flight, he would ſurely have concluded that the Walls were finiſhed before that Accident, which hapned in the Reign of Edward the 3d. Certainly the Scottiſh Army, which is ſaid to have been a great one, would not have [18] lodged without the Town if they could have lodged in it, and what ſhould hinder their lodging in it, but the Walls of the Town well guarded? I conclude therefore that the Walls of the Town at the lateſt were compleated in the Reign of King Edward the 3d, before the Year 1342 for it was in this Year that this Tranſaction hapned.

AFTER they were finiſhed, it Grey 27. was famous for being a Bullwark againſt the Scots, all the Power of Scotland could never win it, but of late, viz. in the Time of the Civil Wars, being aſſiſted by the Engliſh, it was ſtormed, and our Churches and Houſes defaced, and the Ornaments of both taken away.

IT is now going faſt into Ruins, ſeveral of the Turrets and ſome of the round Towers being fallen; but the Towers which ſtand, together with ſome little Parts of the Wall adjoining to them, are kept in good Repair by their reſpective Companies.

THE Circumference of this Wall, from the Cloſe-gate, to the ſame, is two Miles and 175 Yards.

CHAP. IV. WEST-GATE.

[19]

THIS Street has it's Name from it's being on the Weſt Part of the Town.

FROM the Gate Eaſtward is a Little Street called Ratten-Rawe, at the End of which is a narrow Paſſage, turning up to the North, which leads to the Monaſtery of the Black-Fryers.

Sect. I. Of the BLACK-FRYERS.

THE Dominicans commonly called Black-Fryers, Preaching-Fryers, and Jacobine Fryers, came over into England in the Year of our Lord Fuller C. Hiſt. 1221, or as others ſay, 1217, and had their firſt Reſidence in Oxford, they were a Prior and 12 Brethren; their Prior's Name was Gilbert de Fraxineto; the Name of the Order was taken from St. Dominick, born at Cologona in Spain: Of this Order were no ſewer than fourſcore famous Engliſh Writers.

De reb. Novocaſt'.This Monaſtery was founded by Sir Peter Scott, who was the firſt Mayor of Newcaſtle, Anno 1251, and Sir Nicholas Scott his Son, who was one of the 4 Bailiffs of the Town, 1254, 1257, and Capital Bailiff, 1269; but the Site of it was given by 3 Siſters, whoſe Names have long ſince been ingratefully buried in Oblivion.

WHEN was the particular Time of it's Building, I have met with no Account; but it is not difficult to give a probable Gueſs; the Order itſelf of the Dominicans or Black-Fryes came into England, as is mentioned above, in the Year 1221; conſequently it muſt have been founded after that Time: And that it muſt have been founded ſome Years before the Year 1280, is plain to a Demonſtration. For in that Year, which was the Eight of Edward the Firſt, the Black-Fryers had Licence from the King to break a Door through this New Wall, Vid. Town Wall. into their Garden; which proves them a regular ſettled Body at that Time; and therefore that their Priory was built ſome Years before that Licence.

[20] Black-Fryers. Grey 20.WE are told, that this Monaſtery was in old Time called the Grey-Fryers; which in my Opinion is a Thing highly Improbable; for the Grey-Fryers, or Franciſcans, came not into England 'till about the Year 1224; and if as I have proved above, the Black-fryers were a Settled Body ſome Years before the Year 1280; how is it poſſible to have been called of old Time the Grey-Fryers? This is therefore a Miſtake, and beſide, the Dominicans came into England before the Franciſcans or Grey-Fryers, and therefore more probably were ſooner in this Place.

IT has been a very ſtately and Beautiful Building, as appears by the preſent Remains of it. The Area or Graſs-plat is about 87 Foot in Length, and as many in Breadth; on the Eaſt Side of it was the Chapel, which is now the Hall of the Company of Smiths in this Town. On the Weſt-ſide of it is a curious Old Well, which ſerved the Monaſtery with Water, called our Lady's Well. On the South may ſtill be ſeen the Ruins of a curious Front, on which Side is the Hall of the Cordwainers, in which I ſaw a Pair of winding Stairs, which they told me (before they were walled up) led by a Vault as far as the Nunnery of St. Bartholomew. On the North of it were their Gardens, a Part of which was the Warden's Cloſe, before the Building of that Part of the Towns-wall. This appears by the Charter granted to this Monaſtery in the Reign of Edward the firſt, about breaking out that Narrow-Gate in the Wall between Weſtgate and Newgate; in which Grant it is ſaid, that the Wall went through the Middle of their Garden. This Monaſtery was dependant upon the Priory of Tinmouth.

IN the Reign of Edward the 2d, the Brethren of this Monaſtery had Licenſe granted them for the Building of a Drawbridge, beyond the New Ditch of the Caſtle.

WHO were the Priors of this Monaſtery, what eminent Men belonged to them, or what Things were tranſacted by them from their Beginning 'till their Diſſolution, were Things undoubtedly preſerved among themſelves whilſt they were a Body; but, after their Surrender, were either deſtroy'd, or have not yet come to Light.

ONE of the Priors of this Monaſtery was one Richard Marſhall. I take this Gentleman to have been the laſt Prior of this Monaſtery, for in the 28th of Henry the 8th, a Grant of a Tenement, nigh the White-Croſs, (ſigned by Fryer Richard Marſhal, Dr. and Prior; and Fryer David Simpſon, and Fryer John Sowrby) was given to Anthony Godſave, upon his paying to the ſaid Priory or Monaſtery 9 s. per Ann. This Grant is now in the Poſſeſſion of Mr. Thomas Marſhal, of Newcaſtle, Joyner, who purchaſed this Tenement, and has lately rebuilt it. He pays the ſame Rent to the Town of Newcaſtle, which the Tenement pay'd to the Monaſtery.

ABOUT 2 Years after the Signing of this Deed, in January the 30th of this Reign this Monaſtery ſurrendered; it conſiſted of a Prior, and Twelve Fryers.

THE Nature of ſurrendering was this, according to Biſhop Burnet, who ſays, Burnet's Records, p. 146. at the ſurrendring of Monaſteries and Abbies, &c. there was generally a Confeſſion along with the Surrender. Few of them are remaining, the following one is one of the Six the Biſhop had ſeen, and is a Copy from him, Pag. 150. Coll. Rec.

FORASMUCH as we the Prior and Fryers of this Houſe of Carmelites in Stamford, commonly called the White-Fryers, in Stamford, in the County of Lincoln, do profoundly conſider, that the Perfection of Chriſtian living doth not conſiſt in ſame Ceremonies, wearing of a White Coat, diſguiſing of our ſelves after ſtrange Faſhions, Dockying and Becking, wearing Scapulars and Hoods, [21] and other like papiſtical Ceremonies, wherein we have been moſt principally practiſed, and Noſe-led in Time paſt; but the very true Way to pleaſe God, and to live a true Chriſtian Man, without all Hypocryſie and feigned Diſſimulation, is ſincerely declared to us by our Maſter Chriſt, his Evangeliſts and Apoſtles; being minded hereafter to follow the ſame, conforming ourſelves to the Will and Pleaſure of our Supreame-head, under God, on Earth, the King's Majeſty, and are not to follow henceforth the ſuperſtitious Traditions of any Forenſecal Potentate or Power, with mutual Aſſent and Conſent, do ſubmit ourſelves unto our ſaid Sovereign Lord, and with the like Aſſent and Conſent do ſurrender, &c. Sign'd by the Prior, and Six Fryers.

WHAT became of the Brethren of this our Fryery, after their Surrender, what they had allowed them annually for a Maintenance, or whether they had any Thing allowed at all, I have no where met with. Some Account indeed I meet with afterwards of the Prior himſelf, but none of the Fryers. It is this which follows.

Collier Eccl. Hiſt. Vol. II p. 302. RICHARD Marſhal, Prior of the Black-Fryers in Newcaſtle, about the Year 1551, went into Scotland and preach'd at St. Andrews, that the Pater Noſter ſhould be addreſſed to God, and not to the Saints. Some Doctors of the Univerſity being diſguſted at this Aſſertion, prevailed with one Tofts, a Grey-Fryer, to undertake to prove that the Pater-Noſter might be ſaid to the Saints; whoſe Ignorance in doing the ſame was ſo manifeſt, that he became the common Jeſt, and quitted the Town.

AFTER the Surrender of the Monaſtery on Jan. the 10th, 30th of Henry the 8th, the Black-Fryers was granted to the Town of Newcaſtle, in Conſideration of 53 l. 7 s. 6 d. The annual Value of it, was 2 l. 19 s. 6 d.

The King ſays in the Grant, that He gives to the Mayor and Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle, the whole Houſe and Site, lately a Priory, or a Houſe of Brethren, called vulgarly the Black-Fryers in Newcaſtle upon Tyne; The Chapel, Houſes, Edifices, Gardens, &c. the Hall, two Chambers, a Chamber called the Croſs-Chamber, and the two Gardens, with their Appurtenances, and the whole Cloſe within the Weſt-gate, and another Cloſe near the Site of the ſaid Priory on the North. And a Cloſe containing 3 Acres, and a Houſe in the ſame Cloſe without the Walls of the ſaid Town, and a Houſe called the Gate-houſe, ſituated near the Street.

IT alſo appears from the Grant, that the King reſerved to himſelf and Succeſſors, the Bells and Lead that was upon the Church belonging to this Fryery, and the other Buildings of it; the Lead in the Gutters, together with the Stones and Iron of the Church, &c.

THE Nine Crafts of this Town had their Meeting-houſes or Halls in it, and ſtill have, except two of them, the Taylors and the Cordwainers, who have beſtowed theſe upon ſome poor Widows, and got themſelves others in other Places. Theſe Halls are of great Service to this ancient Building, in preſerving it from an entire Ruin. Such is the Hall of the Smiths, which was repaired by them in the Year 1709, John Kellet, Thomas Turner, Jonathan Gibſon, Roger Haddock being Wardens; The Hall of the Dyers, The Hall of the Bakers and Brewers, which was repair'd Ann' 1711, Chriſtopher Rutter, Lionel Dixon, William Dove, John Make-piece, being then Wardens: Theſe Halls are on the Eaſt-ſide of the Fryery. Such alſo are thoſe on the Weſt-ſide of it, viz. the Hall of the This Company has belonging to it, an ancient Manuſcript, beautifully wrote, in Old Engliſh Rhime; it relates to our Saviour's Sufferings. I take it to be the play they were obliged by their Ordinary to maintain on the Feaſt of Corpus Chriſti. Sadlers, which was repair'd by them in the Year 1729, Cuthbert Berkley and Matthew Anderſon, Wardens; and the Hall of the Skinners and Glovers, which was repaired by them in the Year, 1712, John Emmerſon, Robert Barnes, Robert Shutt, Philip Smith being Wardens. Such are thoſe alſo on the South-ſide of it, viz. the Cordwainer's Hall, which was turned into Appartments for three Widows, in the Year 1729, John Wheatley and George [22] Alder being Wardens; the Hall of the Butchers, and the Hall of the Tanners, was repair'd in the Year 1717, Thomas Anderſon, William Harriſon, Thomas Dixon, William Slaiter then Wardens.

BY Means of theſe Halls, there is ſtill ſome Viſage of the Fryery remaining, which had otherwiſe been intirely in the Duſt. 'Tis a Pity that thoſe People who are permitted by the Companies to reſide in ſome of thoſe Rooms are not threatned into more Cleanlineſs, and that the Companies themſelves are not at the Expence of repairing the Area; were theſe Things done, it would be a Beautiful Piece of Antiquity, and an Entertainment to the Curious, from whenceſoever they came.

Sect. II The VICARAGE.

IN coming back by the narrow Lane which led to the Black-fryers, we face a little Street called Fennel Street, which leads into Weſtgate; a Street more retired than any other in this Town; there being no Artificers or Mechanicks in this Street, nor any Market. It is chiefly inhabited by the Clergy and Gentry; and indeed it ſeems all along to have been inhabited by ſuch more than by others. In ſome Writings above 400 Years old, we meet with the Names of ſome Clergy-men who lived in this Street, viz. Robertus de Gonwerton, Thomas Abelot, &c. not to mention thoſe who belonged to the Monaſteries and Hoſpitals; and Grey tells us, that the Men who lived in this Street in his Time, had Employment for both Town and Country, he ſays alſo that in old Time the Earl of Weſtmoreland had his Houſe in this Street.

AT preſent ſeveral of the Houſes in it, are large and beautiful; ſuch are the Houſes of the Lady Clavering, of Utrick Whitfield, Eſq Thomas Ord, Eſq Mr. Abraham Dixon, &c. in the Upper Part of it; and of George Grey, Eſq and others adjoining to him in the lower Parts of it.

ON the North Side of this Street, a little above St. John's Church, is the Vicarage Houſe, the Dwelling of the Vicars of Newcaſtle. It ſtands, at leaſt equally pleaſant with the other Houſes in this Place, being ſituated in the middle of Fields and Gardens, and more retir'd, being at ſome Diſtance from the Street.

WHO it was that built this Houſe, I have not been able to learn; but 'tis not improbable that it was the Town of Newcaſtle, who has been always famous for it's Generoſity to it's Clergy; as the Vicarage itſelf in particular muſt always acknowledge. It is at preſent more beautiful and convenient than it was wont to be, having been repair'd and enlarged in the Year 1694, by the Rev. and Worthy Dr. Elliſon, the then Vicar.

THERE is a Hall belonging to this Houſe, built in a very grand and ſtately Manner, according to the Hoſpitality of the Times it was built in. In particular, it was the Place where the Vicars of Newcaſtle were wont to entertain the inferiour Officers of Churches, the Clarks, Sextons, &c. at the Seaſon of Chriſtmas. If I am not very much miſtaken, there are many ſtill living, who remember this laudable Cuſtom.

The Garden belonging to this Houſe, tho' beneath ſome others in this Street for Art and Curioſity, and Beauty of Flowers; yet in this it glories above all the others, that the Roman-Wall, which was undoubtedly one of the great Works of the Roman Empire, is ſaid to have paſſed through the middle of it.

Sect. III. Of St. JOHN's CHURCH.

[23]

THIS Church is ſituated almoſt cloſe to the Vicarage. It is dedicated to St. John the Baptiſt; but who was the Founder I never met with: I am inclinable to believe it was founded by the Towns-people, notwithſtanding a Conjecture of an Anonymous Gentleman, which is, that Robert Rhodes was the Builder of this Church. But this I think is impoſſible; for the earlieſt he can be ſuppoſed to have lived, is about the Year 1430, in the Reign of Henry the 6th, when John Rhodes, who was perhaps his Father, was Mayor; whereas it is certain this Church was built at leaſt an Hundred Years before. For the Grant of Adam of Durham, to the the Prieſt of St. Thomas the Martyr's Chantery in this Church, bears Date the 26th of March, 1319, in the Reign of Edward the 2d; conſequently then the Church muſt have been in being at this Time, and ſo could not have been built by Robert Rhodes. Nay, in a Charter dated 1287, belonging to the Rev. Mr. Smith of Melſomby, to whom I have been obliged for a Sight of a great many Writings, I meet with theſe Words, Venellum quo itur ad Eccleſiam Sancti Joannis. So that this Church was ſtill earlier in Being, viz. in the 15th of Edward the 1ſt. However, it is ſuppoſed that the Steeple of this Church was either built, or at leaſt beautified by him, as alſo the South-Croſs of the Church; for his Coat of Arms, as alſo theſe Words, Orate pro Anima Roberti Rhodes, are upon both of them; which indeed makes it ſomewhat probable.

THIS Church, as Grey informs us, was commended by an Arch-Prelate of this Kingdom, becauſe it reſembleth much a Churches were uſually built in form of the Croſs, to repreſent and commemorate the Croſs on which our Lord died. Croſs; which indeed it does more than any other in this Town.

THERE were three Chanteries conſiſted of Salaries allowed to one or more Prieſts to ſay daily Maſſes for the Souls of their deceaſed Founders, and their Friends. Theſe were Adjectives, not able to ſtand of themſelves, and therefore united (for their better Support) to ſome parochial, Collegiate, or Cathedral Church. Ful. Ch. Hiſt. p. 350. Chanteries belonging to this Church, one of which was the Chantery of Sciant preſentes, &c. quod Ego Adam de Dunelm', Burgenſis Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, &c. pro ſalute Animae meae, & pro animabus Rogeri patris mei, &c. hac preſenti Carta Mea confirmavi Domino Rogero de Burneto Capellano — Singulis diebus ad altare Beati Thomae Martyris in Eccleſia Parochiali Sancti Joannis de Novo-Caſtro divina Celebraturo; totum illud meſſuagium, &c. Et volo quod poſt deceſſum meum, Major & Ballini praedictae villae Novi-Caſtri, quicunquae pro tempore ſuo fuerint, habeans Jus patronatus dictae Cantariae, & quod ipſi nun cum quatuor de Prebioribus & Diſcretioribus hominibus Parochiae praedictae ad hoc Eloctis poſſint ad dictam Cantariam, quotreſcunque ipſam Vacatam contingat, vtrum capellanum Honeſtum, Diſcretum, er Honeſtum eligere & inſtituere, &c. St. Thomas the Martyr, which was founded about Anno 1319, in the Reign of Edward the 2d. For Adam of Durham, Burgeſs of this Town, (according to the Opinion of the Times he liv'd in) for the Sake of his own Soul, and the Souls of his Father Roger, and Agnes his Mother, &c. gave an annual Salary to Such Prieſts as have the Addition of Sir before their Chriſtian Name, were Men not graduated in the Univerſity; being in Orders, but not in Degrees; whilſt others intitled Maſters, had commenced in the Arts. Note, that generally Founders of Chanteries preferred Prieſts not beneficed to thoſe Places, as beſt at Leiſure conſtantly to attend the ſame. Fuller C. Hiſt. p. 352. Sir Roger de Burneton, the Chantry-Prieſt, for celebrating Divine Service every Day, at the Altar of St. Thomas the Martyr, in this Church. I take this Chantry to have been ſituated on the North Side of the ſaid Church, extending as far as, and adjoining cloſe to, the North-Croſs of the Church.

WHEN this Prieſt of the Chantry dyed, another was to be choſen (after the Deceaſe of the Benefactor Adam) by the Mayor and Bailiffs of this Town for the Time being, together with four of the moſt diſcreet, and judicious Men of the Pariſh of St. John elected for that Purpoſe. The Mayor, &c. had [24] alſo the Power of turning out the Prieſt of this Chantry,St. JOHN's Church. and putting another in his ſtead, if he neglected his Duty upon any Canonical Impediment, beyond 40 Days. If he was taken with a Fit of Sickneſs, he was obliged to provide another at his own Expence to wait upon the Altar. They had a Power alſo of turning him out, and putting another in his Stead, if any Scandalous Crime was proved upon him.

THIS Writing was ſealed by the Seal of the Benefactor, and the Common Seal of the Town of Newcaſtle; and Witneſſed, by Richard de Emelden, then Mayor, Thomas de Friſmariſco, Richard de Acton, William de Burneton, Gilbert de Hankyn, Bailiffs of the Town, Sir Nicholas Scot, Knight, Nicholas de Carleol, Thomas de Carleol, Peter Graper, &c.

THE yearly Value of this Chantry was 4 l. 3 s. which was raiſed out of certain Tenements in the Sandhill and Weſtgate.

ANOTHER Chantry belonging to this Church, was that of our Lady, founded by Edward Scott, in the Reign of Edward the 3d; the yearly Value of which was 4 l. 4 s. 4 d. which aroſe out of Tenements in the Sandhill and Weſtgate.

THE 3d Chantry was that of the Holy Trinity, founded by John Dalton, William Atkinſhawe, and Andrew Accliffe, Clerks; the yearly Value of which was 5 l. 13 s. 4 d. which aroſe out of Tenements in Weſtgate, Side, without Weſtgate, and a Cloſe without Weſtgate.

I have been told, that the Painted Glaſs on one of the South Windows of the Quire of this Church, had on it the Repreſentation of the Trinity. It does indeed ſtill reſemble ſome ſuch Thing, but, if the Knowledge of it was needful, it might be Queried whether it ever was any ſuch Repreſentation.

THERE is another Thing at the Top of this Quire, which tho' little known, is yet of greater Certainty; and that is, the Funnel, or Wood Box, in the Form of a Spout, which hangs from the Top of this Quire. This was a Conveyance for an Artificial Dove, on the Day of Pentecoſt, in the Times of Popery, to repreſent the Deſcent of the Holy Ghoſt. That there were ſuch Things in Churches, tho' in none that I know of in this Town, but this; is Matter of Fact. For thus we are told, that Bee-Hive of the Romiſh Church. Geo. Gelding, p. 207. on Whitſunday the Papiſts begin to play a new interlude. For then they ſent down a Dove out of an Owl's Neſt, deviſed in the Roof of the Church. But firſt they caſt out Roſin and Gunpowder with Wild-fire, to make the Children afraid; and that muſt needs be the Holy Ghoſt, which cometh with Thunder and Lightning.

THERE was formerly an Organ in this Church. This appears from the laſt Will and Teſtament of Mr. John Wilkinſon, Merchant of this Town, who was one of the Anceſtors of the preſent Mr. John Wilkinſon Merchant, to whom I am obliged for a Sight of this Will. It bears Date Feb. 1, 1570, and has theſe Words, I, Iohn Wylkinſon, &c. commend my Soule unto Almyghtie God, and my Bodye to be buryed in Saincte Iohn-Church, on the Northe Syde of the ſame Church, nygh where the Organes doithe ſtande. A little below this he thus orders, I wyll have the dyvyne Service at the Daye of my Buryal, according to the Lawes and Cuſtome of this Realme. Item I wyll have delt and gevyn to the Poore the Daye of my Buryal, fortye Shillings. Item I will that myne Executors ſhall in the Daye of my Burial make a Dynner for my Brethren the Aldermen, and for my Neighbour-heade in the Myddle-Streete, &c.

M. S. Milbank.IN the Year 1639, when the Scots ſought to deface the ancient Monuments, and ſaid they were Papiſtry, and Supeſtition, they began with the Spoon of this Church's Font, and broke it all to Pieces. It had been given by one John Bertram. For there was written about it; For the Honour of God and St. John, John Bertram gave this Font Stone. Cuthbert Maxwell, a [25] Maſon, obſerving the Barbarity of the Scots, came in Haſte to St. Nicholas, and ſaved the Spoon of that Font in it's Veſtry, and alſo that of All-hallows. He lived, after the King return'd, to ſet them up again.

THE Porch of this Church was rebuilt in the Year 1710, Thomas Fletcher; Robert Percival, John Quincy, John Fairlam being then Church-wardens. In the Year 1723, the Steeple was new pointed at the Expence of the Corporation, Matthew Featherſtone, Eſq being then Mayor; and the ſame Year was the Body of the Church pointed at the Charge of the Pariſhioners. There are two Galleries in this Church; one on the Weſt-End of the Church, and the other on the North-Side. The Latter Gallery was built in the Year 1710, for 33 Perſons, by Mr. Robert Percival, Pin-maker, of this Pariſh, who was a great Lover of the Church, and an induſtrious Promoter of every good Deſign towards Her. In the Year 1707, when the Pariſhioners took down the 3 old Bells belonging to this Church, and contributed to the 6 they have at preſent; Mr. Percival contributed three Pounds. In the Year 1710 he beautified the Altar at his own Expence. He dyed on the 8th of February, 1729, and leſt by his laſt Will and Teſtament to the Pariſh of St. John for ever; a Houſe which ſtands in the Wool-market, which is let at the yearly Rent of 20 l.

THE Communion Table of this Church was given by Mr. Robert Crow, Merchant, Anno 1712.

MR. Robert Rymer of this Town left to this Church in the Year 1722, a large Flaggon, a Chalice, and a Plate, all of Silver, valued at 60 l. to be uſed at the Holy Communion.

LEGACIES left to the POOR of this Pariſh, are theſe following.

HENRY Hilton of Hilton, Eſq left 4 l. Yearly for Ninety Nine Years. He dy'd in February, 1640.

SIR William Blackett, Bart, left 2 l. yearly for ever, to be paid on the 1ſt of December, out of a Houſe at the Tyne Bridge-end: To be diſtributed by the Miniſter.

 l.s.d.
Sir Alexander Daviſon020000
Mr. William Carr010000
Sir Thomas Daviſon010000
Sir Mark Milbank030000
Mr. John Rumney030000
 100000

ALL theſe are paid out of the Town Chamber, the one half at Michaelmas and the other half at Lady-day.

ISABEL the Wife of William Wrightſon, Eſq left 50 l. the Intereſt paid yearly out of the Town's Chamber on the 30th of September.

MR. Aldworth left 1 l. to be paid out of Lands in Oakwell-gate, yearly, for Ever.

NICHOLAS Ridley, Eſq left 1 l. to be paid out of Lands in Heaton, yearly, for Ever.

[26]MR. Thomas Daviſon left 1 l. 6 s. 8 d. to be paid out of the Merchant's Company, yearly, for Ever.

MR. Timothy Daviſon left 1 l. 5 s. to be paid out of the Merchant's Company, yearly, for Ever.

MATTHEW White, Eſq left 1 l. to be paid out of a Houſe in Pilgrim-ſtreet, yearly, for Ever.

MR. William Carr left 1 l. 2 s. 4 d. to be paid out of Houſes in Weſtgate, yearly, for Ever.

MR. William Harriſon left 50 l. the Intereſt paid out of the Town's Chamber, yearly, for Ever.

MARGARET Percival. Widow, left a Houſe in the Back-row (in the ſame Pariſh) Lett at the yearly Rent of 3 l. 7 s. 6 d.

MR. Robert Percival left a Houſe in the Wool-market, (after the Death of his Daughter in Law) Lett at the yearly Rent of 20 l.

BURIED in this CHURCH. Near the Altar Table.

SEpulchrum Roberti Fenwick Mercatoris, & Dorotheae vxoris ejus Suorumque Filiorum & Filiarum, Ille Obijt Sept die Octav. A0 D. 1689. Aetatis Suae 61. Robert Filius natu maximus Obijt 23 die Martii 1690 Illa Obit 15 Julii 1701 Petrus Potts Geners Annam Filiam eorum natu maxima Duxit Vxorem Exqua Liberos Suſcepit Quorum Sex Sibi Fuere Superſtites (viz) Dorothea, Jana, Maria, Petrus, Robertus, Johannes; Illa Obijt 30 April A. D. 1719. Aetatis Suae 63.

THE Burial Place of Mr. John Bell, Merchant Adventurer, and Margaret his Wife. Margaret Bell dy'd the 21ſt of November, 1710; Aged 55. John Bell dy'd the 22d of June, 1716; Aged 62.

Sepulchrum Radulphi Scourfeild Genneroſi qui obijt Februarij 16th 1675 Et Jane Uxoris ejus quae obijt Maij 120 1689. Quorum filius Radulphus Scourfeild Armiger de Comitatu Northumbriae quondam Vicecomes Obijt Septembris 1ſt 1728.

THE Burial Place of John Clutterbuck, Gent. and Barbara his Wife, and their Children. Hannah buried July the 16th, 1683. Catherine buried July 23, 1683. James buried April 3d, 1692. Barbara his Wife buried Sept. 2d, 1695. Richard their Son departed the 9th of Nov. 1702. He departed the 3d of July 1717.

In the CHANCEL.

THIS is the Burial Place of Thomas Errington, Merchant Adventurer. Theſe Words are writ about the Arms cut upon the Stone;

  • Remember Death
  • God's Word ne'er ſhun
  • With Wings Time ſlieth
  • Whilſt Glaſs doth run.

THE Burial Place of William Wallas Mercer, and Merchant Adventurer [27]of England, He departed this Life the 23d Day of Sept. 1664. William Wallas Son of the ſaid William, departed this Life the 11th Day of January, Anno 1688. Aetatis Suae 23.

THE Burial Place of Charles Clark Barbar Chyrurgeon; He departed the 2d of Auguſt, 1667. Margaret his Wife, departed this life the 30th Day of March 1683. At the Bottom of the Arms,

De Pretient Dei.

THE Burial Place of the Rev. Matthew. Forſter, Lecturer of this Church, who dy'd October the 23d, 1723. Aged 46.

OSWOLD Chayter, Lining Weaver, 38 Year Clerk of this Church, departed to the Mercy of God July 21, A. D. 1623. Aged 68 Years.

HERE lieth the Body of John Dixon, Plummer, who died April the 12th, 1728. Aged 42.

NORTH ISLE.

LYES the Body of John Wilkinſon, Merchant Adventurer.

THE Miniſter of the Church is the Curate and Lecturer of it. He is Curate to the Vicar, for which he receives 3 l. per Annum, and the Surplice-Fees; and Lecturer to the Corporation, for which he receives 90 l. per. Annum. The other Miniſter of this Church is the Aſſiſtant Curate, who is paid by the Miniſter himſelf.

I have not been able to collect more of the Miniſters and Curates of this Pariſh, than theſe following.

ROBERT Urguart, who ſuffered in the Beginning of the Civil-Wars. He afterwards went beyond the Seas, turn'd Papiſt, and dyed in a Convent.

JOHN Shaw. He was the Son of a Clergyman, born at Bedlington, was firſt of Queen's College; from whence he removed to that of Brazen-Noſe in Oxford. In the Year 1645, he was both inſtituted and inducted to the Rectory of Whalton, but not permitted to enjoy it. However, with much ado he afterwards got the Church of Bolton in Craven in Yorkſhire: Which being but half the Value of Whalton, they allowed him to keep it.

IN 1661 he returned to Whalton; was made Preacher alſo of the Pariſh Church of St. John's in Newcaſtle; twice choſen a Member of the Convocation for Yorkſhire; and if I miſtake not, ſerved once for the Clergy of the Archdeacoury of Northumberland. He was a Man of good Learning and of an unblameable Life, a ſtrict Obſerver of the Orders of the Church: Somewhat warm in his Temper; equally zealous againſt Popery and Presbytery, with it's Brood of Sectaries; as appears by his Writings: The Gout confin'd him to his Houſe, and at laſt to his Bed, ſome Years before his Death. He bore his Affliction with Chriſtian Fortitude; being patient, reſign'd, and chearful under it; more ſolicitous for God's Church than for himſelf, and died in a good old Age, in the Year 1689. I had almoſt omitted to ſay, that he was impriſoned no leſs than four Years by the Rebels.

[28]HE lies buried near the Altar, with this Inſcription on his Tomb-ſtone.

  • Hic
  • Quod Remanet
  • Johannis Shaw
  • Hujus Eccleſiae Paſtoris;
  • Deo, Eccleſiae,
  • Patriae Regi,
  • Piè Fidelis.
  • Obijt Maij 220 A. D. 1689.
  • Aetatis Suae 77.

ANTHONY Proctor was his Curate, who was buried at St. Nicholas's Nov. 7. 1688.

ANDREW Bates, A. M. Miniſter. He was of the Family of the Bates's of Northumberland. He was a Man of good ſound Principles, and an excellent Pariſh Prieſt; being very diligent in his Pariſh, in taking Care of the Poor and viſiting the Sick.

MR. Bullock was Curate to him, who was ſucceeded by John Potts, A. B. of St. John's Coll. Camb.

MATTHEW Forſter, A. M. of St. Peter's Coll. Camb. A Worthy generous Man, who delighted in good Works, and Acts of Charity. He dy'd Oct. 23, 1723.

JOSEPH Carr, M. A. of Trinity Coll. Camb. was his Curate after the Deceaſe of Mr. Potts abovementioned.

HENRY Featherſtone-Haugh, B. D. of St. John's College, Camb. ſucceeded Mr. Forſter as Lecturer. He was removed from St. John's to the Afternoon Lectureſhip of All-Hallows, Sept. 27, 1731.

JOHN Thompſon, A. M. of St. John's College Camb. is the preſent Aſſiſtant Curate.

THE Curate or Miniſter of this Church has paid him annually from the Crown 5 l.

THE Town of Newcaſtle was wont to give to this Church at Eaſter 15 Gallons of Wine.

THE Weekly Prayers of this Church are on Wedneſday, Friday, and Saturday: On the two former Days in the Morning, at 9-o'Clock, and at 2 in the Afternoon; On the latter at Two in the Afternoon.

THE Sacrament is adminiſtred at this Church every third Sunday of the Month.

The CHARITY-SCHOOL of this Pariſh.

THE Charity-School of St. John's conſiſts of Forty four poor Boys, but no Girls, and was endowed by the late Mr. John Ord, in the Year 1705, which Matter was tranſacted between him and Dr. Thomlinſon, whom he conſulted and made privy to his Deſign, but enjoyn'd to Secrecy; and the Founder [29] of that School was not known 'till after his Death. He gave towards ſupporting it a large Cloſe without Pilgrim-ſtreet-gate, called Great Magdalen Cloſe, alias the Mill-Cloſe, which is held by Leaſe of the Maſter and Brethren of St. Mary Magdalen Hoſpital, under the Rent of 4 l. per Annum. The Cloſe is Lett at 25 l. ſo that the neat Rent to the School is only 21 l.

MRS. Margaret Allgood, Widow, by Will dated the 15th of July 1707, deviſed to this School 100 l. to be put out at Intereſt, and which is accordingly put out at Intereſt for the Benefit of this School.

AND there is annually raiſed by Subſcription towards the Maintenance of this School 33 l. 14 s.

THE Maſter's Salary is 24 l. per Annum and 40 s. for teaching the Boys to ſing, and 16 s. per Annum for Pens, Ink, and Paper.

THE Subſcriptions were raiſed to cloath the Boys, and to bind them out Apprentices; but the Endowment being ſhort of paying the Maſter, part of the Subſcriptions are applied that Way.

THE School-houſe was provided by, and is repaired at, the Expence of the Corporation.

THE Boys are ſupplied with Hoſe, and Shoes twice a-Year, (to wit) Midſummer and Chriſtmas, and with a Coat, Shirts, Bands, and Cap, once a-Year only, at Midſummer.

THE Anniverſary Sermon is preached on the Sunday next after the 24th Day of June, being the Feaſt of St. John Baptiſt.

THE School is to be governed by the Heir of Mr. John Ord, the Mayor of Newcaſtle, the Vicar, the Forenoon Lecturers of All-hallows, St. John's, and St. Andrews, and the Afternoon Lecturers of St. Nicholas and All-hallows, or any five of them, and they have the chuſing of a Maſter.

THE Rules and Orders for the better governing of the School, and directing the Choice of a Maſter, and his Qualifications, were made by Mr. Ord the Founder, and approved by Dr. Thomlinſon, to whom he communicated his Thoughts from Time to Time by Letter, and thoſe Letters, with the Doctor's Anſwers, are tranſcribed in the School-Books.

SUBSCRIBERS Names.
 l.s.d.
LADY Clavering020200
Mrs. Swinbourn010000
George Grey, Eſq010000
John Bacon, Eſq010000
Thomas Ord. Eſq010000
Mr. Charles Clarke010000
Mr. Richard Coates, by Will010000
Mr. James Bell010000
The Lady of Cuthbert Fenwick, Eſq010000
Mr. James Ilderton010000
Mr. George Anderſon010000
Mr. William Wharton010000
The Rev. Mr. Fetherſton-haugh001200
Mr. Henry Wilkinſon001000
Mr. Ralph Fetherſtone001000
Mr. Anthony Proctor001000
Brought from the other Side150400
The Rev. Mr. Edmund Lodge000500
The Rev. Mr. James Ferne000500
Mr. Thomas Milbourn000500
Mr. Lionel Dixon000500
COMPANIES.
Bakers and Brewers011000
Taylors010000
Barber-Chirurgions010000
Sadlers010000
Plumbers and Glaziers, &c.010000
Skinners010000
Cord wainers010000
Tanners010000
Houſe-Carpenters010000
Rope-makers010000
Smiths010000
Joyners010000
Slaters010000
Butchers010000
Bricklayers010000
Hatters010000
Weavers010000
 331400

Sect. IV. St. MARY's Hoſpital.

OPPOSITE to St. John's, on the other Side of the Street, is the Hoſpital of St. Mary the Virgin, which contains two Foundations, an Old one,Lib. Cart. and a New one; as they were call'd upon the Founding of the latter. The old one muſt have been founded, not many Years after the Nunnery of St. Bartholomew, which was founded by King Henry the Firſt: For in a Charter granted by King Henry the Second, to the Nuns of St. Bartholomew, there is mention made of St. Mary's in this Town, as may be ſeen in our Account of theſe Nuns. But this Conjecture will be more confirm'd, if it be conſider'd that a Charity was beſtow'd on this Hoſpital by the Lord Walter de Bolbeck, (as is mention'd below) who,Gib. Camb. p. 855. as we are told, in a Charter dated the firſt Year of King Stephen, convey'd ſome Lands to the Church of Wincheſter. If this was the ſame Walter with him below, and there appears nothing to the contrary; then it is a ſtrong Reaſon, that this Hoſpital was founded in King Henry the Firſt's Reign. The latter Hoſpital and Chapel, were founded by one Ego Aſelack de Killynghowe fundavi Hoſpitale Sancta' Mariae Virginis & Capellam ſuper Terram meam, in Novo Caſtello ſuper Tynam, & ibi poſui duos fratres regulares & unum Capellanum ad ſerviandum Deo & pauperibus; reddidi meipſum Deo & Beatae Mariae & Fratribus eju [...]dem Hoſpitalis ibidem Deo ſerventibus, ad Hoſpitandum Pauperes, & egenos Clericos, & Peregrinos tranſeuntes pro Salute animae. Patris mei, Matris meae, & omnium pertinentium, & pro ſalute animarum Omnium Hoſpitalis Benefactorum. Lib. Cart. Aſelack of Killinghow or Killingworth, as he himſelf acknowledges in his Charter for that Purpoſe: I Aſelack of Killinghowe have founded the Hoſpital and Chapel of St. Mary the Virgin, upon my own Land, for Two Brethren to be Regulars, and one Chaplain to ſerve God and take Care of the Poor.

WE learn alſo from the ſame Charter, that the Founder devoted himſelf to God and Religion, as he himſelf ſays, (according to the Way of that Age) I render my ſelf to God, and the Bleſſed Virgin Mary; and the Brethren of the ſame Hoſpital there ſerving God; to do Works of Hoſpitality to the Poor, [31] the Needy Clergy and Pilgrims. And this, he ſays, he does for his own Soul,St. MARY's Hoſpital. for the Soul of his Father and Mother, and his other Relations; together with the Souls of all the Benefactors of the Hoſpital.

SOME of the Witneſſes to this Foundation Charter, were Gilbert, Parſon of Eland, Richard, Parſon of Standfordham, Waldon Parſon of Newburne, Euſtachius, Parſon of Benton.

THE particular Time when it was founded can't be exactly learned; there being no Date at the Charter. But it is probable from a Charter of King Richard the Firſt, that it was founded ſome little while before he began to Reign; for when he confirms the Sciatis me dediſle & conceſſiſſe Domino & Sanctae Mariae & Sanctimonialibus de Novo Caſtello, pro ſalute Animae meae & anteceſſorum meorum, Aselack Burgeum meum de Novo Caſtello, &c. Lib. Cart. Foundation of Aſelack, he ſpeaks of him as then living, otherwiſe he would not call him his Burgeſs of Newcaſtle, as he does in the Charter.

WE meet alſo with an Account of a Third Foundation belonging to this Hoſpital, which Account is this. The Hoſpital of our Lady, called Weſtgate Spittle, was founded by the Inhabitants of Newcaſtle, for a Maſter and Chaplain to ſay Divine Service for 6 Bede Folks in the Alms-houſe, and to lodge Poor and way-faring People, and to bury ſuch as hapned to die there, and to diſtribute yearly Nine Chaldron of Coals among poor People. The yearly Value of this was 33 l. 15 s. De Rebus Novocaſt'.

AFTER the founding of this Hoſpital and Chapel, there were ſeveral Donations and Charities beſtowed upon it, as had been before upon the old one; ſome of the Benefactors of both which, and Maſters among a large Number which might be mentioned, are theſe following.

Benefactors.Mayors.Other Witneſſes.Maſters.
Robert de Heddon, Clerk, gave by the Will and Conſent of his Lord Walter de Bolbec, a yearly Sum, on Condition that the Fraternity would pray for the Souls of his Lord and his Anceſtors; and alſo for his own Soul and his Anceſtors: This was confirmed by the ſaid Lord to this Hoſpital.It is no ſmall Confirmation of the Conjecture above-mentioned, the Antiquity of this Hoſpital, from the Donation of Walter de Bolbeck, that there is no mention made here of the Mayor of Newcaſtle; which is a Proof that this Donation was before the Time of Mayors, and conſequently that this Hoſpital was founded at the Time ſuppoſed,Reginold de Benwell. John Morreſs. And ſeveral others. 
Julian, Daughter of Agnes Blanch, gave a Charity to this Hoſpital, that her Soul and the Souls of her Anceſtors might be pray'd for, and that ſhe might be entit'led to a Lodging in the ſaid Hoſpital when ſhe came to Town.Henry de Carliol, Mayor, about the Year 1257, in the Reign of Hen. 3d.Adam Clerious. Thomas de Carliol John Flemmynge. John Sante. Bailiffs of the Town.Robert Lacy was now Rector of the Hoſpital.
Martin Corman gave a Meſſuage to it for the Sake of Charity, as he himſelf ſays in his Grant, and for the Sake of his Soul.To this Writing was annexed the Seal of the Town of Newcaſtle, Henry of Carliol being Mayor that Year, which probably was the Year 1259, the 6th Year of his Mayoralty, for he was Mayor 10 years together.Robert de Mitford, who was probably one of the Northumberland Family of that Name, was Witneſs to this Deed; as was alſo Adam de Blakedene. 
Roger de Quintingham.Nicholas Scott, 1269.Gilbert de Tindale. Robert Scott. 
Nicholas Eſſot.Hugo de Carliol, 1292.William de Oggel. Walter de Cowgate.Hugo de Pandon Magiſter, 1292.
Robert Tunmbyſiman and Matilda his Wiſe.Peter le Graper, 1305.Nicholas Scott. Walter de Cowgate. Richard Emmelden.Hugo de Pandon.
William Herringe.Richard de Immelden.Thomas de Morpeth.James Magiſter, 1317.

[32]THERE were a great many more BENEFACTORS which would be tedious to mention here, ſuch as Alan de Wylam, Alan de Gateſide, John Porter, Thomas de Gosforth, Radulphus de Cauſi, William Son of Robert de Corbrigg, Gilbert de Mora, &c.

BESIDES the Maſters already mentioned, I meet with one Radulphus, Maſter, but at what Time is not ſaid.

SIMON was Maſter 1251.

ANOTHER Simon was Maſter in the Year 1264.

ROBERT Lacy being Maſter between them.

JOHN Norrys was Maſter about the Year 1267.

JAMES, Maſter 1333.

ROBERT Morden was Maſter about the Year 1371.

WILLIAM de Burnham, 1401.

JOHN Colman, 1415.

JOHN Fitzherry was Maſter about the Year 1444.

BOBERT Davell was Maſter about the Year 1534.

JOHN Raynes was Maſter 1575.

HENRY Dethick, L. L. D. 1581.

HENRY Ewbank, Clerk, 1590, he reſign'd 1615, Oct. 18.

EDWARD Wigham was Maſter 1627.

JOHN Bewick was Maſter 1669.

EDWARD the Third ſent Letters Patents to this Hoſpital, to Compenſate for the Loſſes it had ſuſtained by the frequent Incurſions of the Scots in theſe Days; and therefore gave them Liberty to receive to the Value of a hundred Shillings; tam in Feodo ſuo quam in alieno.

RICHARD de Bury Biſhop of Durham, granted a Confirmation of all Lands, Rents, Rights, Privileges, &c. belonging to St. Mary's in Weſtgate; it was given at Gateſide, Jan. 8, 1335, in the Second Year of his Conſecration.

IN the Year 1444, when William Harding was Mayor, we have an Account of the Things belonging to this Hoſpital, ſome of which were as follows.

Imprimis, Tres Calices Deaurati, &c.

THREE Chalices gilded with Gold, one intire Veſtment of Bloody Velvet, woven about with Goldon Fringe, with one Cap, one Caſule, three Albs, for the Principal Feſtivals.

ALSO one Cap of Cloth of Gold of red Colour, wrought with Golden Images, with one Caſule, three Albs.

Item, One Cap, of a Black Colour, woven with Dragons and Birds in Gold.

[33] Item, One Single Veſtment wrought in with Peacocks with a Corporal belonging to the ſame.

Item, Another Single Veſtment for the Prieſt, only of White, border'd about with Roſes, and with a Corporal belonging to it.

Item, another Single Veſtment for the Presbyter of a Bloody Colour, with a Corporal belonging to the ſame.

Item, another Veſtment for the Presbyter of Cloth of Gold.

Item, another Veſtment of Cloth of Gold interwoven with Leopards and Birds.

Item, One Hood or Cap, one Caſule, one Alb, with a Stole.

Item, One Single Veſtment for one Prieſt in the Hands of John Fitzherry the preſent Maſter.

Item, One Single Veſtment for the Prieſt of St. Nicholas.

Item, One Hood.

Item, A Cover of Bloody Velvet for a Sepulchre.

Item, Two Caſules, the middle Part of the Caſule of white Colour.

ALSO one Hood of a red Colour for an Ornament to the Altar of St. Nicholas.

ALSO TWO Linen Cloaths of a red Colour for the Side Ornament of the Altar.

ALSO One Frontale of Sathan of a Bloody Colour, woven with golden Images for the Altar.

Item, One Quadrigeſſimal Vale of Linen Cloth of white Colour, with a red Croſs below in the ſame.

Item, One Table ſet apart as an Ornament for the Linen of the Altar.

Item, One Table gilded, with the Image of the bleſſed Virgin Mary.

Item, Two Tables with the Pax, one of them gilded and beſet with precious Stones, &c.

IN the 24th of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth, the Hoſpital of St. Mary in Weſtgate, and St. Mary Magdalene without Pilgrim-ſtreet-gate, were granted to Theophilus Adams and James Woodſhaw, under the yearly Rent of 3 s. 4 d.

IN the 9th of King James the Firſt, a Charter was granted for the Hoſpital of St. Mary the Virgin.

THE Grammar-School of this Town, which is now at Weſt-ſpittle, was originally founded by Thomas Horſly, who was Mayor of Newcaſtle, in the Year of our Lord 1525. By his laſt Will he deviſed all his Lands in Newcaſtle, after the Death of him and his Wife, to erect a Grammar-School, which was to be free for any one within and without the Town, in the Manner directed by the ſaid Will.

[34]BUT in the Year 1559 it was removed from St. Nicholas's Church-yard, (from that Houſe which is on the North Side of the Church, over that Place where the Privy now is,M. S. Milbank. where it had been from the Time of it's Inſtitution) to the Weſt-ſpittle. The Reaſon of which was this, Queen Elizabeth ordained and granted, that within this Town of Newcaſtle, and the Liberties thereof, there ſhould be erected, and for ever there be, one Free Grammar School, which ſhould be a Free Grammar-School of Queen Elizabeth in Newcaſtle, and ſhould conſiſt of one Maſter and Scholars, to be inſtructed in the ſame, and that they, the Maſter and Scholars of the ſame, ſhould for ever be one Body Corporate in Law, Fact, and Name, by the Maſter and Scholars of the Free Grammar-School, of Queen Elizabeth in Newcaſtle upon Tyne, &c. and by that Name ſhould have perpetual Succeſſion, and ſhould be in perpetual Times to come able and capable in the Law, of having, purchaſing, &c. Lands, Tenements, &c. to them and their Succeſſors, in Fee-ſimple, or for Term of Years, ſo they exceed not the yearly Value of 40 l. and ſo they were not holden of the ſaid Queen, her Heirs and Succeſſors in chief, nor by Knight-Service. And that the Mayor and Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle, and their Succeſſors, or the greater Part of them, &c. ſhould have Power to make an honeſt, learned and diſcreet Man to be the Firſt and Modern Uſher in the ſaid School, there to continue during the good Pleaſure of the ſaid Mayor and Burgeſſes, &c. and that if the ſaid Maſter and Uſher ſhould die or leave the ſaid School, &c. then they might chuſe other Men to be Maſter and Uſher, &c.

IT is very probable that the Town of Newcaſtle, who always preſented a Maſter to this Hoſpital, as it did to St. Mary Magdalen's and St. Thomas the Martyr upon Tyne-Bridge, did at this Time make the Maſter of the Grammar-School, Maſter alſo of the Hoſpital. Grey tells us, that the firſt Maſter of the head School, was the Rev. Maſter Robert Fowberry, a learned and painfull Man, to indoctrinate Youth in Greek and Latin: To be ſure he was the firſt Maſter after the Removing of the School to the Weſt-ſpittle. For undoubtedly there were Maſters before that, as the School was ſo much earlier founded; And accordingly in the Manuſcript above-mentioned, 'tis ſaid, that when Mr. Burras gave over the the Free-School in St. Nicholas Church-yard, the Mayor and 24 more ſent for Mr. Fowberry to Hull, and he came and firſt taught in the Writing-School, until the Chapel of St. Mary's Hoſpital was made into a School-houſe, and the Election-houſe was at the Eaſt-end of it, which had been the Veſtry; But Sir George Selby who was then Mayor, ſet up his Arms on the Eaſt-Window, made a Traverſe over it, and ſent to London for 24 Chairs of Muſtinie Leather, and there is the Election, tho' the Mayor lays down his Staff in the old School.

THE Maſters of this Hoſpital and School ſince Robert Fowberry, M. A. 1599, are

EDWARD Wigham, Clerk.

FRANCIS Grey, Clerk, 1630.

Walk. Suff. Clergy. AMOR Oxley had the Free-School of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, in the Time of the Great Rebellion, and was both Sequeſtred and Plunder'd.

NICHOLAS Hall, B. D. 1649.

JOHN Bewick, Clerk, 1669.

RICHARD Garthwaite, M. A. 1671.

JOHN Cotterell, M. A. 1690.

THOMAS Rud, M. A. 1699. now Rector of Waſhington, in the County of Durham.

[35] JAMES Jurin, M. A. 1709/10; now M. D. and F. R. S.

THE preſent Maſter of this Hoſpital is the Rev. Dr. Thomlinſon, D. D. Prebendary of St. Paul's in London, and Rector of Whickham in the County of Durham, near Newcaſtle upon Tyne; who is alſo Maſter of the Chapel of St. Thomas the Martyr, upon the Bridge-end, and the Hoſpital of St. Mary Magdalen, at the Barras-bridge. He became Maſter in the Year, 1715. The preſent Maſter of the School is the Rev. Mr. Edmund Lodge, who has under him Two Uſhers; the Rev. Mr. James Ferne, and the Rev. Mr. George Carr. The three laſt mentioned Gentlemen have each of them Appartments where the Hoſpital was; which is a pleaſing Situation, and in ſome of the beſt Air of this Town. There is alſo in this Place a Writing-School, erected by the Town for the Children of Freemen: The preſent Maſter, Mr. Henry Benſon, has alſo an Appartment here.

THE Town allows to the Maſter 50 Pounds per Annum.

TO the firſt Uſher 35 Pounds per Annum.

TO the ſecond Uſher 32 Pounds 10 Shillings per Annum.

THE Writing Maſter is allowed 35 Pounds per Annum.

THIS Town allows to every one who goes from the Grammar-School, to either Univerſity, 5 Pounds per Annum.

IN our Lady's Chapel, which ſtill carrys it's Name along with it, having the Effigies of the Virgin Mary, with her Son upon her Knees, at the Eaſt-end of it, is now the Place of Electing Mayors, Aldermen, Sheriffs, and the other Officers of the Town, and is therefore now called the Election-Houſe; but formerly the Mayor was choſen in the Writing-School. This is conſtantly done the Monday after Michaelmas Day, which is therefore in this Town called Michaelmas Monday.

Sect. V. EARL of WESTMORELAND's Houſe.

NEXT to St. Mary's, on the ſame Side of this Street, is a very old Building, which was lately the Dwelling-houſe of Sir Robert Shaftoe, Kt. Recorder of this Town, now the Property and Dwelling-houſe of Mr. Charles Clark, Junr. It has the Magnificence and Grandure of Antiquity in it's Looks, but what it has been formerly I could never find out. Grey tells us, That in this Street the Earl of Weſtmoreland had his Houſe, which indeed is true. It was built by the Baron of Bywell and Bolbeck, about the 9th of Edward the Third. Much about the ſame Time he built a Houſe within the Bounds of the Caſtle, for the Defence of it, as may be ſeen in our Account of the Caſtle. This Houſe in Weſtgate was called Bolbeck-Hall; but afterwards, upon it's Founder's being created Earl, which was in the Reign of Richard the Second, in the Year 1398, when Ralph Nevil, Lord of Raby was created Earl Marſhall, it got the Name of Weſtmoreland-Place in Weſgate. Some have conjectured, that Sir Robert Shafto's Houſe, above-mentioned, was part of it, and [36] indeed it looks much liker a Part of ſuch a Building,E. Weſtmorland's houſe. than any other Thing remaining thereabouts. I am ſure much more ſo than the Houſe which is ſuppoſed to have been it, which I am told was the Houſe oppoſite to the Weſt End of Denton-Chair, which the Rev. Mr. Cowling lately lived in, and which belongs to Mr. Ord.

HOWEVER, be this as it will, whether it was this Houſe now mentioned, or whether Weſtmoreland-Place reached from this Houſe to Sir Robert Shafto's, including it, which ſome have conjectured; yet this is certain, that it muſt have been hereabouts: for Nevil Tower is directly behind this Piece of Ground we are ſpeaking of, which is a ſure Token this muſt be the very Place, becauſe, whoever in the Town built a Tower at their own Expence, it was generally nigh them for their own Security. Thus the White-Fryers; the Brethren of St. Mary's Hoſpital; the Brethren of St. Auſtin, &c. Built their Towers over againſt their Monaſteries, for their own Safe-guard and Security. But what I think puts it out of Diſpute, that Sir Robert Shafto's Houſe was no Part of it, is that in the Eleventh of Queen Elizabeth, upon the Attainder of Charles, Earl of Weſtmoreland, this Houſe where Mr. Cowling lived, was in Charge, which the other never was, before the Auditors; and in the Third of Charles the Firſt, was ſold to the Citizens of London.

Lib. de rebus Novocaſt.IT was afterwards in the Tenure of James Bertram, and after that in the Tenure of Robert Bertram.

OPPOSITE to this Houſe, is a Chair or Lane, called Denton-Chair, which leads into the Groat-Market, Middle-ſtreet, &c.

THIS Street is continued 'till you come to the Street leading Weſtward to the Poſtern, and Eaſtward to the Back-raw: From thence the Street changes it's Name, and is called Tuthill, 'till you come to the Tuthill Stairs, which lead into the Cloſe.

Sect. VI. BAILIFF GATE.

ON the Eaſt-Side of this Street, is a Street facing the Weſt-ſide of the Caſtle, called Bailiff Gate, which is ſaid to have got it's Name from the Coming of the Fellons, of the County of Northumberland, along that Street attended by the County Bailiffs. They came, as is ſaid, to the Weſtgate, then down an old Way, cloſe by the Out-ſide of the Town-Wall, and ſo in at the White-Fryer Gate, from whence they went along Bailiff Gate, and ſo were conveyed in at the Poſtern-Gate, on the Weſt-Side of the Caſtle, oppoſite to this Street of Bailiff Gate. This is only Traditional, and has been therefore deny'd by the Town of Newcaſtle. Grey's Account is, That at this Gate the Priſoners were brought in, who were taken in Times of Hoſtility with Scotland, and carry'd from thence privately into the Caſtle, where the Goal for the County is now.

THE ſame Author alſo tells us, that this Street of Bailiff Gate, formerly belonged to the Caſtle and County of Northumberland. But I imagine, had this been true, the King would long ago have had his Right. The Town of [37] Newcaſtle indeed has ſometimes been made uneaſy about that,Bailiff-gate. but ſtill had it ſurer fixed to her, as her undoubted property.

IN the Year 1649, the Year after the King was beheaded, there was a Survey taken of Bailiff Gate, &c.

IN the Year following, April 25th, 1650, an Order was ſent down for annulling and vacating the Survey made, &c. which was as follows;

25th April, 1650. At the Committee of Parliament in removing Obſtructions, in the Sale of the Honours, &c. of the late King, Queen, and Prince.

WHEREAS the Mayor, Burgeſſes, and other the Inhabitants of the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, did prefer their Petition unto this Committee, complaining, that certain Perſons employed for the Common Wealth, have returned a Survey to their Truſtees, for Sale of the late King's Lands, of and concerning divers Lands, Tenements, and Hereditaments within the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle, and Precincts thereof, to the Value of 2000 l. 3 s. 4 d. per Annum, for which they have paid only a Fee Farm Rent to the Crown; and in which the Petitioners declare, they had an indoubted Inheritance: Further complaining, that the Premiſſes in Queſtion, were not in the Poſſeſſion of the Crown, Anno 1635, neither was there returned any ſpecial Matter in the Survey, whereby to entitle the late King to the ſame: The Petitioners being the undoubted Proprietors and Owners of the Things in Queſtion. And whereas upon reading of the ſaid Petition, and the Certificate of the Truſtees and Survey, made in purſuance of an Order of this Committee, grounded upon the ſaid Petition, and the hearing of this Cauſe this Day before the Committee, concerning the Premiſſes in Queſtion, in the Preſence of Council for the Common Wealth, as alſo the Council in behalf of the ſaid Town: The Council in behalf of the Common Wealth did acknowledge, that the ſaid Survey was returned without any juſt Grounds: And foraſmuch as the Council for the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle were ready to produce their Charters and Evidences, whereby to make it evidently appear, that the Inheritance of the Premiſſes in Queſtion, have been for 300 Years and upwards in the Poſſeſſion of the Petitioners and their Predeceſſors. It is therefore this Day order'd by the Committee, that the Original Survey returned of divers Meſſuages, Lands and Tenements, and Hereditaments, within the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, and Precincts thereof, held by the ſaid Town, now remaining with the Truſtees, Surveyor, and Regiſter, for Sale of the ſaid Lands, be annull'd and void; and is hereby vacated, and that no further Sale, or other Proceedings he had, or made thereupon; and that an Entrance of this Order be made upon the ſaid Survey, and a Memorandum be made thereupon: That the ſaid Survey is vacated, to the Intent that the Mayor, Burgeſſes, and other Inhabitants of the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle, may not for the Future be queſtioned or moleſted concerning the Premiſſes mentioned in the ſaid Survey; and the Tranſcript of this Order be likewiſe entred with the ſaid Truſtees, and Contracters for Sales of the ſaid Lands.

  • JAMES CHALONER,
  • NATH. RICH.
  • JOHN GARLAND,
  • THO. LISTER,
  • JO. JONES.

AT the Eaſt-End of this Street, upon the Right Hand, is a Way to the Long Stairs, which lead into the Cloſe, and on the left you go to the Side, and St. Nicholas Church, &c.

THE South Side of this Street is moſtly the Property of Mr. Joſhua Douglas.

White-fryers.Sect. VII.

[38]

LOWER down a little, almoſt at the End of the Street, on that ſame Side of the Street, where are the Houſes of George Grey, Eſq Mr. Anderſon, &c. was the Houſe of the Carmelites, or White Fryers.

THE Carmelites are ſo named from Mount Carmel in Syria: They were firſt brought into England by Ralph Freeborne, and by him placed near Alnwick, at a Place called Holm in a Wilderneſs; which was in his Opinion likeſt to Mount Carmel in Syria, the Place they came from. The firſt Provincial of this Order was Ralph Freeborne himſelf, who began his Rule in the Year 1240, and ruled 14 Years. He lies buried at Alnwick. Fuller's Hiſt. of Abbies.

Speed.THis Monaſtery was founded by King Edward the Firſt, and dedicated to St. Mary. I have met with little elſe relating to them, except that they were a Prior, ſeven Fryers, and two Novices, and that they ſurrendred Jan. 10th, 30th of Henry the Eighth: It was valued at 9 l. 11 s. 4 d.

THERE are not now the leaſt remains of this Priory to be ſeen, except a ſmall Part of the ancient Building facing the White-Fryer Tower Walls.

KING Henry the Third, by his Letters Patents, dated the 20th of November, in the 51ſt Year of his Reign, at the Inſtance of Robert de Bruce, dedit Fratribus de Penitentia, I Chriſti quandam Placeam Vocatam Conſtable Calgarth, in Villa Novicaſtri ſuper Tinam, & quae contigua erat Clauſo & Placeae Dictorum Fratrum in eadem Villa.

THIS Place called Calgarth, which the above-mentioned King gave to the Brethren of the Pennance of Jeſus Chriſt; otherwiſe called Brethren of the Sack, was ſuppoſed by Sir John Fenwick, to be in the Cloſe of the White-Fryers, late in the Holding of Sir Ralph Delaval, then called by the Name of Domus Fratrum de Penetentia I Chriſti. P. 13. de Reb. Nov.

FROM the White-Fryery, this Street leads to the Tuthill Stairs, which is a Paſſage into the Street called the Cloſe.

CHAP. V. NEWGATE-STREET. Of the upper and higher Parts of this Street, towards the North.

[39]

THE old Part of Newgate, together with that Part of the Wall, leading as far as Ever-Tower, being viſibly older than the other Towers, and the Reſt of the Wall; is a ſure Sign that when the Walls were began, this Part of the Town was then inhabited.

IT is probable that hereabouts was the ancient Monkcheſter, where the Monks and religious Men inhabited. This appears from a Place in this Street, viz. That Row of Houſes which ſtands almoſt in the Middle of the Street, called to this Day the Huckſter's Booths: For the People who dwelt in theſe Houſes, were Huckſters, and ſupplied the Religious Houſes with Proviſions. There is a Tradition ſtill among the Inhabitants of this Part of the Town, That in old Times there were many Markets between the Newgate and the White-Croſs; nay, ſome of them, according to the Tradition they have received, will Point out the very Ground where ſuch and ſuch Markets were.

NOW this, I think, is a ſufficient Proof that theſe Upper Parts of the Town were firſt inhabited by the Monks, the Lower Parts, as far as the Caſtle Yard, were the Habitations of the Town's People: The Caſtellum, or Fortification having been thereabouts, from the Beginning of Hadrian's Wall, as we are inform'd, by a Mr. Horſely of Morpeth, who dy'd a few Months ago, a little before the publiſhing of his Romana Britannia, the Book referr'd to. This Gentleman was of he was of the Publick Grammar-School of this town, and afterwards ſtudied in one of the Scotch Colleges. He was Maſter of Arts there, and Fellow of the Royal Society. He is ſuppoſed to have been equally Knowing with any in his Time, in the Britiſh Roman Antiquities. Rom. Britt. 132. late ingenious Author. He ſays there muſt have been a Station in this Town, for theſe Reaſons: If we conſider the Importance of this Place, it's Diſtance from the firſt Station at the End of the Wall, and the Turns the Wall makes, (eſpecially at the Eaſt Side of the Town) in Order to it's paſſing through the Heart of it; we can ſcarce Queſtion but there has been a Station here: And it's old Name of Monk-Cheſter ſeems to put it out of Doubt. The former Part of the Name is taken from the Settlement of the Monks in this Place, and the latter Part from the Word Caſtra, which is a pretty ſure Mark of a Station: Beſides the Name Newcaſtle, (given firſt [40] to the Caſtle it ſelf, and then to the Town) has been thought to imply (as in other Inſtances) that there was an old Vid. Chap. of the Caſtle. Caſtle or Fort there before, and near the Place where the new One was erected. And as this Newcaſtle was built by Robert, Son of William the Conqueror, the old Caſtle muſt have been undoubtedly Roman. And ſome Years ago, a Coin of Veſpaſian was found near the Caſtle, as I was told by the Perſon himfelf that found it.

THE ſame learned Author goes on thus: The next Thing is to determine the Boundaries and Situation of this Station, which I perſuade my ſelf may be done. I hinted before that there was a Traditionary Account of the Walls paſſing through St. George's Porch, near the North Weſt Corner of St. Nicholas Church. But it is certain that the Line of the Wall lies a little to the North of this End of the Church, and I think has not touched this Porch, tho' it comes near it. And therefore I conjecture, that the Wall which has paſſed through this Porch, muſt have been the Eaſt Rampart of the Station; for the Suppoſition will reconcile theſe ſeemingly differing Accounts: And if a Line be erected Perpendicular to that of Severius's Wall, ſo as to paſs thro' that Porch, and be continued along the Brow of the Hill, at the Head of the Side, 'till it meet the Line of Hadrian's Vallum, near the Eaſt End of Balygate, and not far from the Caſtle. This Line ſeems to anſwer ſo well in Reſpects, that I cannot much Doubt it's having been the Eaſtern Limits of the ancient Station: For this brings the Station near to the Caſtle, which probably has been built a little more to the South Eaſt, in order to bring it nearer to the Top of a Steep Hill. And fixing the Eaſtern Boundary of the Station here, leaves a Plain and Level Area for the Station it ſelf, and without it, a Deſcent towards the South and the River, for the Town to ſtand upon, which might extend it ſelf to the Bridge, ſuppoſing the ancient Bridge to be near the ſame Place where the preſent one ſtands: From which Bridge the ancient Town and Station might probably take the Name of Pons-Aelii This Eaſtern Boundary of the Station muſt at that Time have been nearer the River, than it is now now; ſince 'tis certain, that the River formerly flowed farther up towards this Part of the Town. The Poſition of the Eaſtern Rampart of the Station being thus determined, the other Boundaries may be alſo defined; for the Diſtance here between the Lines of the Walls ſeems to be about ſix Chains; and it is not much to be queſtioned, but the two Walls here, (as in other Caſes they frequently did) have fallen in with the Northern and Southern Ramparts of the Station; ſo that theſe ſix Chains have been the Breadth of the Station. And if we ſuppoſe the Station to have been of a middle Size, we muſt make it a Square, and allow ſix Chains for the length of it. If at this Diſtance another Line be drawn equal and Parallel to the former, and between the Lines of the Wall, it will be the Weſtern Boundary of the Station, as the two reſpective Parts of the two Walls make the Northern and Southern Limits. And upon this Suppoſition, a Line drawn from the Foot of the Fleſh-market to Baily-gate, near the eaſt End of it, will be the Eaſtern Limits of the ancient Station. That Part of the Vallum which reaches from Baily-gate to Mr. Ord's Houſe, will be the Southern Limit; and a Line drawn from hence, to that Part of the Line of Severus's Wall, which is about thirty Yards Eaſt from the End of Roſemary-lane, muſt be the Weſtern Boundary, and the Part of Severus's Wall included between this and the Foot of the Fleſh-market, remains for the Line of the Northern Rampart.

Sect. I. Of St. ANDREW'S CHURCH.

NIGH to Newgate, on the Weſt-ſide of the Street, is St. Andrews Church. This is queſtionleſs the oldeſt Church of this Town, not only from it's [41] Situation, which is that Part where was principally the ancient Monkcheſter; St. Andrew's Church. but alſo from the Model and Faſhion of it's building, it appearing in theſe Things older than the others.

De Reb. Novocaſt'.IT is ſuppoſed to have been built by one of the Kings of Scotland. David King of Scots is mention'd in particular as it's Founder; but for what Reaſon I know not. Indeed, that David, who dy'd in the Year 1153, was a great Benefactor to Churches and Religious Houſes, and he is ſaid in particular to have founded in this Town Collier Eccleſ. two Religious Houſes, but there is not a Word of his being the Founder of St. Andrew's, which in all Probability would as ſoon have been taken Notice of, and handed down to Poſterity, had it been true; as the Building of two Religious Houſes. But beſides, if St. Andrew's be the oldeſt Church in this Town, and this I think ought to be allowed for the Reaſons already given, as alſo from the conſtant Tradition of it's being ſo, then it is undoubtedly older than St. Nicholas's, and if ſo, it muſt have been built before the Time of Henry the Firſt; for St. Nicholas's was built in that Reign, at lateſt; and therefore it will follow, that this Church of St. Andrew's was built before David King of Scots was born.

I am therefore rather inclinable to believe, that it was founded by the Town's People, and the Religious Houſes, which at that Time of Day were chiefly in thoſe higher Parts of the Town.

THERE were three Chanteries belonging to this Church; one of which was dedicated to our Lady, which was of the Yearly Value of 6 l. 12 s. 10 d. No Deed of Foundation is ſhewed, but however it muſt at leaſt have been founded in the Reign of Edward the Firſt; for in the latter End of that Reign, in a Charter which one Roger Amyas granted to one Stephen—, it is ordered, that he ſhall have ſuch a particular Booth for the Term of 30 Years: Provided he pay ſo much to the Tyne Bridge, and to the Altar of St. Mary in the Church of St. Andrew's in Newcaſtle upon Tyne.

IT had a Houſe of Seven Shillings per Annum belonging to it; it abutted on the North, next to the New-gate and on the Eaſt on the High-ſtreet, on the Weſt on St. Andrew's Church-yard, and on the South on a Tenement, which in the Nineteenth Year of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth belonged to Robert Hallyman.

THERE belonged alſo to this Chantery a Houſe, and a Rig lying in the Croft, value 6 s. 8 d.

ANOTHER was the Chantery of the Trinity, which was of the yearly Value of 4 l. 2 s. 10 d. There is no Deed of Foundation to be ſeen of it; But however to give ſome Account of it's Founder, it may not be amiſs to Copy what I writ a few Years ago on Parchment, and preſented to the Church of St. Andrew's.

To the Rev. Mr. John Elliſon, Miniſter, And To the Church-Wardens of St. ANDREW's in Newcaſtle upon Tyne,Mr. Chriſtopher Rutter, , • Mr. Fenwick Lambert, , • Mr. Thomas Shevil. , and • Mr. Percival Bell. 

GENTLEMEN,

I Had the Curioſity lately to ſearch among the Old Writings in your Veſtry, for that famous Indulgence, which is ſaid to have been Vid. Grey. p. 12. granted to your Church by the Pope for Nine thouſand Years to come; but found no ſuch Thing.

[42]THERE is however another Indulgence which diſcovers a Piece of Antiquity, relating to your Church, which I chuſed to acquaint you with in this Manner, that the ancient Name of a Part of your Church, now worn out of the Memories of our Towns-men, and almoſt intirely loſt, might again be brought to light.

THIS Indulgence was granted in the Reign of King Richard the Second, in the Year 1392, an Age in which Indulgencies were common, and when they were of Particular Service towards the Building or repairing of Churches. For at that Time of Day, when the Building, or repairing, or adorning of a Church was requiſite, an Indulgence was granted for ſuch a Term of Years or Days, to all ſuch as would be aſſiſting in the Things aforeſaid; by which Means many Churches have been built, repair'd and beautified, and accordingly this Indulgence of yours was granted partly for the ſame End, that the Church of St. Andrew's might be kept in ſufficient Repair: For it promiſes an Indulgence or Pardon for Qui ad reparationem, ſeu ornamentum ſive emendationem Eccleſiae Sancti Andreae villae Novocaſtri ſuper Tynam, lin. 50 Indul. — Quadraginta dies Indulgentiae concedimus. 40 Days to every one, who ſhall contribute towards the repairing or beautifying of the Church of St. Andrews in Newcaſtle upon Tyne; and then follows the Antiquity deſign'd.

THAT whoever Ac Capellae Sanctae Trinitatis in parte Aquilonari ejuſdem Eccleſiae aurum argentum, &c. Lin. 60 Indulg'. offers or ſends, or Cauſes to be ſent to the Chapel of the Holy Trinity in the Northern Part of the ſame Church, either Gold, Silver, Veſtments, Books, Chalices, or any other Ornaments, which are wanting to the aforeſaid Chapel, or Altar, or Image of the Holy Trinity, which is in the ſame Chapel. — Or who ſhall fall down upon their Knees before the Image of the Holy Trinity, aforeſaid, and pray for the Health of Sir Adam de Athol, Knt as long as he lives, and for his Soul after his Deceaſe, and for the Soul of the Lady Mary his Wife, whoſe Body lies buried in the ſame Chapel of the Holy Trinity, ſhall, as often as they perform thoſe Things, or any of the Things before-mention'd, have the Benefit of a Forty Days Indulgence.

NOW from this it is obſervable, that that waſte Place in the Northern Iſle, which opens into the Quire muſt be the Chapel here ſpoken of. For there lies the Body of Sir Adam's Wife, which is ſaid in the Indulgence to be buried in the Et pro Anima Dominae Mariae ſponſae ſuae cujus Corpus in eadem Capella ſanctae Trinitatis Quteſcit. Lin. 9. Indulg. Chapel of the Holy Trinity; as alſo the Body of Sir Adam himſelf. The Building itſelf is after the Manner of Chapels, which were added to pariſh Churches; and it is ſtill obſervable, that at the Top of the North Window in the Chapel there ſeems to be a Picture of the Holy Trinity, repreſented according to the Superſtition of theſe Times by the face of an old Man, our Saviour upon the Croſs, and the Figure of a Dove; it having been always Cuſtomary in theſe Times, not only to have the Image of the Saint ſet up to whom the Church was dedicated, but alſo to adorn the Windows with it.

I am of Opinion, that Sir Adam de Athol himſelf was the Founder of this Chapel, and my Reaſons for it are theſe,

1ſt, It was cuſtomary formerly for People of better Figure, to build a ſmall Chapel, at a convenient Part of their pariſh Church, that they might have a convenient Place to Worſhip God in, or that it might be a burial Place for them and their Families. Now it is evident, that this Chapel of the Holy Trinity is ſuch a one. For if you ſuppoſe the Chapel away, the Church itſelf will appear exactly uniform; which ſhews the Chapel has been added to the Church; and as Sir Adam and his Lady are buried in it, is pretty clear that They were the Founders. It may alſo be preſumed, that He built it, becauſe it ſeems to have been built when Sir Adam liv'd: For it is ſaid in the Indulgence to want Books, Chalices, Veſtments, &c. which implies it, at that Time, to have been a new Chapel. And beſides, Indulgences were granted towards the adorning of Churches or Chapels, immediately after they were built. This Chapel was therefore built a little before the granting of this Indulgence, which was when Sir Adam was living. And as his Wife was then [43] dead and buried in this Chapel; ſo ſhe ſeems to have been the firſt that was buried in it, and conſequently her Husband muſt have built it.

BUT my laſt Reaſon, I think, makes it amount to a Demonſtration. It may be obſerved in all Indulgences of this Kind, that it was not only requir'd of the People to offer Church Ornaments, but alſo to put up Prayers for the Founder. Thus for Inſtance; in an Indulgence granted in the Reign of King Henry the Eighth for the Repairing and Maintaining of the Church and Convent at Kirby Belers in the County of Leiceſter, it was not only required that Money ſhould be given, but that they ſhould alſo ſay a Stavely Ch. Hiſt. pa. 100. Pater Noſter with an Ave for the Souls of Sir Roger Beler and Alyce his Wife, Founder and Foundreſs.

NOW from hence it is plain, that Sir Adam and his Lady muſt have been the Founder and Foundreſs of this Chapel, becauſe they alone are mentioned in this Indulgence, and Prayers were to be put up for them, as they were for Sir Roger and his Lady juſt now mentioned.

THUS I think I have found out the ancient Name of your Chapel, and who was the Founder it. It may perhaps be ſomewhat Satisfactory to thoſe who are curious in thoſe Things, may retrieve the antient Name of your Chapel, and eſtabliſh the deſerved Remembrance of it's Founder. But be this as it will; as I have only theſe Things in View in making theſe Obſervations; ſo I hope you'll be ſo good as to accept of them, and allow them a Place among the Parchments of your Church.

I am, Gentlemen, Your moſt humble Servant, Henry Bourne.

THE Indulgence on which theſe Obſervations are founded are granted by Oſwald, the Biſhop of Candida caſa, which is in Gallaway in Scotland; it is dated at York 1392, the 12th Year of his Conſecration.

THE 3d Chantery belonging to this Church was dedicated to St. Thomas. This I learn from an Account I have met with of a Houſe in this Street, which is ſaid to have belonged to the Chantery of St. Thomas, in the Church of St. Andrew's.

IT bounder'd on the Weſt by St. Andrew's Church end, and on the North by a Houſe, which in the Reign of Q. Elizabeth was in the Poſſeſſion of Richard Atkinſon, and on the Eaſt by the High-ſtreet, and on the South againſt the Church-Style. It was valued at ten Shillings per Annum.

THAT there was ſuch a Chantery in St. Andrew's (notwithſtanding the two former are ſuppoſed to be all belonging to this Church) is further evident, becauſe I meet alſo with an Account which ſays, that the Chantery of St. Thomas in St. Andrew's, had an Orchard belonging to it, which paid a yearly Rent of Three Shillings and Four Pence to it; but where it ſtood is not mentioned. It was occupied by Sir Robert Brandlin.

THAT there were Lands belonging to the Chantery of St. Mary in this Church, which were ſituated in this Street, is certain. But where to fix them at this Time of Day is pretty Difficult. But wherever they were ſituated, [44] there was an Houſe ſituated near them, which paid to the Priory of Hexham Six Shillings per Annum.

THIS is mention'd when Rowland was Prior, in the Year 1490, in the Reign of Henry the 7th.De Reb. Novocaſt'.

I meet with no account of the Lands belonging to the Chantery of the Trinity, except that of an Houſe, ſituated in a Place called le Cow-garth in this Newgate-ſtreet, which paid one Shilling per Annum to this Chantery, and a Tenement in Weſtgate which paid 4 s. 4 d.

THE Altar of this Church is very pretty and decent, it was beautified a few Years ago at the Charge of the Pariſh.

THERE is at the Weſt-end of this Church a Beautiful Gallery, which was built in the Year 1711, at the Charge of the Pariſh. In the Year 1726, the Old Porch was taken down, and the preſent one built,

  • Mr. Chriſtopher Rutter
  • Mr. Fenwick Lambert
    • Church-wardens.
  • Mr. Thomas Shevil
  • Mr. Percival Bell Church-wardens.

IN the Year 1726, the old Bells were taken down, and the preſent 6 were procured by a Collection made in the Town for them. The Corporation gave towards them 50 l. They are exceeding Tunable, and have a ſoft melodious Sound.

THE Floor of the Body and the Iſles of this Church, were flagg'd in the Year 1707, which before they never had been.

BURIED in this CHURCH. In the Chancel, near The Altar.
  • JAMES Ogle of Cauſey-Park, Eſq upon whoſe Tomb-ſtone, which is of Marble, is the following Inſcription.
  • Hic Jacet Jacobus Ogle de Cauſey-Park in Comitatu Northumb. Armiger. Antiquitate Domus, Ut pote ex prenobili Baronia Ogle, de Ogle Stirpe Recta Linea Oriundus, vere clarus; Sed invicta in perduelles, Graſſentibus nuperis Civilibus Bellis, animi Magnitudine, Conſtantia in Regem etiam in Triſtiſſimo Authoritatis Deliquio Fidelitate in Superiores Obſervantia, in Pace Comitate, in Inferiores Benignitate, quae omnia Juſtiſſimo Titulo ſua vocare poterat, Multo Illuſtrior. Obij Dec. 4 die Anno (que) Dom. 1664.
  • THOMAS Harriſon, Barber Surgeon, who died Feb. 24th, 1679.
  • THOMAS Bednel, 14 July, 1701.
  • CHRISTOPHER Barker, Octob. 26, 1718.
  • ROBERT Tod, Oct. 5, 1730.
In TRINITY-CHAPEL.
  • SIR Adam de Athol, and his Wife Mary, under a very large Stone; which has originally been plated very curiouſly with Braſs. The Remains of their Effigies are ſtill to be ſeen. He is pictured at length in Armour, having a Sword on his left Side, and a Dagger on his Right. Her Effigies hath no thing remaining of it, but from the Shoulders upwards. The Arms of both their Families are ſtill to he ſeen on the Tomb-ſtone.

    [45]WHAT remains of the Inſcription, is this, Hic Jacent Dominus Adamarus de Atholl, Miles, & D'na Maria, Uxor ejus quae obiit Quarto decimo Die MenſisAnno Domini Milleſimo TricenteſimoAnimarum propitietur.

    THE remaining Part of the Date is broken of: However Grey, in his Account of this Stone, tells us, It was in the Year 1387, which is very probably the Time that his Wife died; for it is a Miſtake that he died then, as appears by the Indulgence above-mentioned.

  • JOSHUA Twizell, June 23d, 1718.
  • THOMAS Winſhip, Tanner, September 2d, 1695.
  • CHRISTOPHER Rutter, Baker and Brewer, March 17th, 1714.
  • MRS. Elizabeth Daviſon, Mother of Mr. Thomas Daviſon, January 20th, 1724, aged 84 Years.
  • NICHOLAS Fenwick, Merchant, 14th December, 1725.
  • MR. John Dawſon, Taylor.
  • MRS. Barbara Daviſon, January 8th, 1730.
NORTH ISLE.
  • ROBERT Mills, Houſe-Carpenter.
SOUTH ISLE.
  • DOROTHY Harriſon, May 27th, 1702.
LEGACIES left to the POOR of the Pariſh of St. ANDREWS.

LEFT by Sir William Blackett, Bar't, One Thouſand Pounds, the Profits, &c. of the Whole, in three Parts, equally to be divided, and yearly to be diſpoſed off at Chriſtmas, as followeth, viz.

ONE third Part to binding of Apprentices to Trades.

ONE other third Part to poor Houſe-holders.

THE remaining other Third to a School-Maſter to teach 30 Children.

 l.s.d.
LEFT by Madam Margaret Allgood, in Moneys, now in the Hands of Mr. John Ord, the Sum of1000000
PAYING yearly to the Church-Wardens at Chriſtmas the Sum of0060000
LEFT by Mr. Thomas Daviſon, to be yearly paid in December, out of the Merchant's Company0010000
LEFT by Mr. Timothy Daviſon, to be yearly paid at Chriſtmas, for 15 poor Freemen or Widows, not Merchants; out of the Merchants Company, the Sum of0010000
LEFT by Mr. Andrew Aldworth, to be paid at the Feaſt of St. Andrew yearly, out of a Houſe in Akewell-gate, in the Poſſeſſion of Edward Wetherly, the Sum of0010000
LEFT by Henry Hilton, Eſq to be paid yearly at Chriſtmaſs, for four poor Widows, the Sum of0040000
PAID out of the Town of Newcaſtle, at two Payments, viz. half at Michaelmas, and half at Lady-day0040000
The NAMES of ſuch who pay out Rents.
 l.s.d.
JOHN Barnes10000
Mrs. Harriſon00304
Robert Bell10400
Mary Bell01000
John Dawſon01600
Robert Bell00410
Widow Oliver Darn Crook00308
Widow Dixon Darn Crook00504
Anthony Hixon, Huxter-Booths00208
John Stobbart Big-market00409
John Makepeace Big-market00409
Mrs. Cooke, Groat-Market01304
Mr. Pigg00006
Robert Daviſon Pilgrimſtreet00200
Nicholas Waugh Pilgrimſtreet00400
William Varey00200
Mrs. Fetherſtone, Pilgrim-gate00200
Nicholas Robſon00300
Richard Kirkhouſe00300
William Stephenſon, Sidgate00200
Widow Tate00206
Widow Forſter00206
Robert Armſtrong00300
Richard Robinſon00304
John Stephenſon00400
CHARITY-SCHOOL.

THE Charity-School of this Pariſh was founded by Sir William Blackett, Bart. and the firſt Boy entred the School in January 1707/8: The Number of Boys it was founded for is Thirty. About the Year 1719, the late Sir William Blackett, the Son of the Founder, began the Cloathing of them.

THE Vicar of this Town, and the Church-Wardens have a Power of putting in the Maſter of this School, if their Choice is approved of by the Heir at Law.

THE Sallary of the Maſter is 20 l. per Ann. but out of it he pays School-Rent.

MINISTERS.

THE Miniſter of this Church is, as the Miniſter of St. John's, Curate and Lecturer. As Curate, the Vicar pays him 3 l. per Annum, and as Lecturer he is paid by the Town 100 l. per Annum. The other Miniſter is the Aſſiſtant, and is paid by the Miniſter of the Pariſh.

THE Regiſter of this Church has been ſo badly kept, that I meet with the Names of none of it's Miniſters in it but one, viz. one Stephen Dockwray, Anno 1656; who ſucceeded him I know not, but one Pottinger was Miniſter here, and I remember Mr. Richards and Mr. Shadford.

JOHN Elliſon, A. M. of Univerſity-College, Oxon. the preſent Miniſter.

Curates I am told, were Mr. Perkins, Mr. Straghan, Mr. Stoddard, Mr. Lyon, Mr. Simkoe.

[47] WILLIAM Wilkinſon, the preſent Aſſiſtant Curate, A. M. of Chriſt-College, Camb.

THE Crown pays to the Miniſter of this Pariſh Five Pounds two Shillings and Six-pence per Annum.

THE Town was wont to give to this Church 12 Gallons of Wine every Year at Eaſter.

THE Town allows the preſent aſſiſtant Curate of this Church 10 Pounds per Annum for reading Prayers to the Priſoners in Newgate.

THE Prayers of this Church in the Worky-days are on Wedneſday and Friday in the Morning.

THE Sacrament is adminiſter'd here every 4th Sunday in the Month.

Sect. II.

ON the Eaſt-ſide of this Street, near the New-gate, is a Tenement which was given by Mrs. Alice Belayſys to Univerſity-College in Oxford. The Site of it is thus deſcrib'd; Situatum eſt infra praedictam villam juxta Novam Portam ejuſdem villae in quo quidem Tenement' Thomas Gray Lidſter modo inhabitat, (viz.) Inter Tenementum Roberti Daunt ex parte Boreali, & vicum Ducentem ad fratres minores ab Eccleſia Sancti Andreae ex parte auſtrali; But the ſame Writing goes further, ac Tria Tenementa & duo Tofta, inde in ſimul ſituantur in eodem vico ducente a dicta Eccleſia Sancti Andreae uſque Fratres praedictos, &c.

OPPOSITE to St. Andrew's Church is a Lane, which leads to Pilgrimſtreet Gate, called the High-fryer-chare, becauſe of a Fryer which was in it, and becauſe it is higher up in the Town than the other Fryer Chare.

IN coming down this Street Southward from the Church of St. Andrew's, on the Right-hand, is an ancient Street called Darn-crook; in which Street were ſome Waſtes and Houſe belonging to the Nuns of St. Bartholomew, as there were in almoſt every Street in the Town. Oppoſite to this Place, on the Eaſt-ſide of this Street of Newgate is a little running Water which goes into Lorkburne. This little Bourn is taken Notice of in the Account of the Ward belonging to Ficket-Tower, and is called there, a Bourn beſide Lam-place, that runneth towards Lorkburne. To this Bourn it is, that the Priſoners belonging to Newgate, have Liberty to walk during the Time they are not confin'd to the Goal.

FROM thence, going ſtill Southward, the Street changes it's Name from Newgate to Huxter's -Booths; for thereabouts it was that the Huxters lived, as has been obſerved above, who ſupply'd the Religious-houſes, and the other People of this Part of the Town with Proviſions. A Part of theſe Houſes are ſtill to be ſeen, they ſtand by themſelves almoſt in the middle of the Street, nigh the White-croſs. Grey ſays, That this Part of the Town was in his Time called the Huxters-Booths; that is, as I underſtand him, from the Bourn abovementioned, to thoſe Houſes.

OPPOSITE to the Booths was a great Gate that led into the Black-fryers. It was ſituated between the Houſe of William Wilkinſon, Smith, and the Houſe of Elizabeth Bell, Widow. The Place now is the Entrance of a Garden belonging to Mr. Nicholas Baily of Newcaſtle. This I think is evident from a Grant of a Tenement from the Black-fryers, now in the Hands of Mr. Tho. Marſhall, [48] of this Town; wherein in deſcribing the Situation of the Tenement, are theſe Words; Sicut jacet in villa antedicta prope crucem vulgariter vocatam Whyttcroſs inter magnam portam praedictorum Fratrum e Regione praedictae crucis ex parte Boreali, &c. The Tenement deſcribed is the Houſe lately rebuilt by Mr. Marſhall aforeſaid. Since this Conjecture from the Writing above-mentioned, I have met with the Manuſcript of Mr. Milbank, which very much corroborates it. The Words are theſe; the Gate-way to this Houſe was from the Whitecroſs, and was called when our Author liv'd, Wind's -hole. The way was a narrow Lane to the Fryery, which in his Time was joining to Mr. Brandling's Ground, whereupon there was, (and ſtill is) a Mill.

THE Buſineſs and Trade of this upper Part of the Street, is chiefly that of the Tanners.

WHITE-CROSS.

FROM the Huxters Booths to almoſt the Nun-gate, the Street changes it's Name again, for the Name of the White-Croſs, becauſe of a Croſs which ſtood there; to which, from the Huxſter's Booths, was the ancient Market of this Town, as there is at this Day at the Cale-Croſs. This Croſs was pulled down that very Night after Sir George Selby dyed, and King James, of Sacred Memory, March 24.Milbank, M. S.

ON the Place where the Croſs ſtood was a Ciſtern for receiving of that Water, which goes by the Name of the New-Water. This was lately pulled down, and there is now in the Place where the Croſs was, a Pillar of Stonework. The Street hereabouts is wide and ſpacious, and having in it ſeveral good Buildings; ſuch are the Houſes of William Carr, Eſq Thomas Clennell, Eſq &c. There are four Fairs kept in this Street in the Year, one at Lammas for Horſes, and another at St. Lukeſmaſs for Horſes: The other two are for Black-Cattle, the one on All-Souls Day, and the other at Martinmas.

NEAR the Croſs is a Lane called the Low-fryer-chare; it got the Name of Fryer-chare from it's being ſituated near the Black-fryers, and of the Low-fryer-chare; becauſe it is not ſo high up the Town as the other Fryer-chare.

IT was alſo called formerly Shod-fryer-chare, becauſe the Black-fryers were alſo called Shod-fryers.

Sect. III. NUNN-GATE.

FROM the White-croſs Southward the Street leads to the Nun-gate, which gives Name to a ſmall Part of the Street thereabouts.

THIS Gate was not the Great-gate of the Nunnery, but a back Paſſage to it; for Nunnery was ſituated lower down, as may ſtill be ſeen by the Ruins of ſome old Walls in their Garden: Probably it was ſituated about the Place where Mr. Hebdon, a few Years ago built a large Houſe, which is built upon the ſame Ground where the old ſtone Houſe ſtood, inhabited by Mr. Green, which ſeem'd to have been built out of the Ruins of this Nunnery. Here it was that King Speed Hiſt. Henry, the Firſt founded the Hoſpital of St. Bartholomew the Apoſtle, for the Nuns of Newcaſtle. In H. Rex, &c. Sciatis me conceſſiſſe & Charta confirmaſſe monialibus Sancti Bartholomei de Novo Caſtello ſuper Tynam omnes Donationes, quae eis rationabiliter factae ſunt: Videlicet, Eccleſiam Sancti Bartholomei, & Hoſpitale Sanctae Mariae de praedicto Caſtello & Terram, &c. Et XX acras de ſcala & IX Toſta & Horſeyol, & duos Solidos de Gatiſheved & omnia alia quae eis Rationabiliter data ſunt vel Dabuntur. Quare volo & firmiter precipio, &c. Teſt' Will. de Mandavilla, Reginald. de Curtnay, Willielmo de Scuttevilla, Thomas de Bardulf, Robert de Scutevilla, Richard Gosfard. a Charter granted them ſome Time [49] after they were founded,Nuns of St. Bartholow. which I take to be a Charter of King Henry the Second's, they had all the Things beſtowed upon them, confirmed: The 20 Acres mentioned in the Charter I have not been able to find out. A Manuſcript of Mr. Joſhua Douglas's ſays, that probably all that Side of the Street, from the Nuns to Newgate, belonged to theſe Nuns, for their Garden reaches to High-fryer-chare. This indeed is highly propable, for the nine Tofts or Crofts confirmed to them in this Charter, ſeem to be a good Proof of the Truth of it.

IN the Garden which belong'd to them, call'd ſtill the Nun's -Garden, is a low Square Vale, at the South Weſt Corner of which Tradition ſays, there is a Vault, which leads to the Black-fryers. Mr. Richmond, the preſent Steward of Mr. Blackett, told me, he had ſeen the Entrance into it; but that now it was fill'd up with Earth.

De rebus Novocaſt'. STELLA, an ancient Village, ſituated on the South of the River Tyne, belonged to the Nuns of this Hoſpital,

ON September the 12th, 2d of Charles the Second, after the Death of Sir Nicholas Tempeſt, of Stella, of the County of Durham, Knight and Baronet, it was found that he dyed poſſeſſed of the Manour of Stella, in the Pariſh of Ryton, in the County of Durham, which had been Part of the Lands of the Houſe or Monaſtery of St. Bartholomew in Newcaſtle upon Tyne. The following Writing, for which I am obliged to the worthy Dr. Hunter, of Durham, and from which I had this Confirmation, is as follows.

120 Die Septemb. Anno 20 Caroli Regis Compertum poſt Mortem Nicholai Tempeſt, de Stelley, in Com' Dunelm' Milit' & Baronet' Quod fuit Seiſſatus de & in Manerio de Stellingley, al's Vocat' Stelley, ſituat' Stant' & exiſten' prope aquam de Tyne in Parochia de Ryton, in Ep'tu Dunelm' cum ſuis Juribus, Membris & Pertinenciis Univerſis: Ac de omnibus terris arabilibus Pratis, Paſcuis, Paſturis, Boſcis, Subboſcis, Communiis, Piſcationibus, Mineris Carbonum, infra ſolum & Fundum ibidem comoditatibus, Proſicuis, emolumentis, & aliis advantagiis, eidem Manerio de Stellingley, al's Stelley, pertinentibus Vel Ullo modo Spectantibus Nuper parcello Poſſeſſionum Domus five Monaſterii S. Bartholomei infra Villam Novi Caſtri ſuper Tinam Diſſoluti.

THERE were, as is obſerved above, Waſtes and Houſes, in the Side, in Pilgrim-ſtreet, in the Fleſh-market, Oat-market, Darncrook, and almoſt all the Town over, which belonged to the Nuns. The Piece of Ground above the Town-moor, called from them the Nun-moor, belonged to them. Mr. Riddle's Houſe and Chapel in Gateſide, (commonly called Gateſide-houſe) was, according to ſome, a Sort of Infirmary for the Nuns of this Hoſpital.

DR. Smith, in his Eccleſiaſtical Hiſtory of Bede Ubi nulla remanent antiqui monaſterii Uttani: veſtigia Reſentioris quidem, Pulcherriniam videmus Capellum vix adhuc Ruinis Succumbentem. Traditio eſt, cellam fuiſſe ſanctimonialium Novocaſt rentium, licet ejus Hiſtoriam apud Autores vix inveneris. Smith in Not' Bed. lib. 3. C. 21. ſays, that in Gateſide there are no Footſteps remaining of the ancient Monaſtery of Uttanus; but of a more Modern one, we ſee a moſt beautiful Chapel, which is not as yet in Ruins. There is a Tradition that this was a Cell of the Nuns of Newcaſtle, tho' we cannot readily Quote any Authority for it.

THE Tradition mention'd by theſe Gentlemen appears ſomewhat probable, for in the Charter before-metioned the Nuns of St. Bartholomew received two Shillings annually from this Cell.

IT is alſo not improbable but St. Mary's Hoſpital in Weſtgate, was alſo a Cell to this Nunnery: It appearing plainly from the Charter above, that St. Mary's was dependant on it.

[50]AND it's ſaid in Leland, that the Hoſpital of St. Mary in Newcaſtle upon Tyne was given to the Uſe of theſe Nuns. Lel. Vol. 1. p. 41.

IT appears alſo from the Charter juſt above-mentioned, that among the other Things confirmed to this Hoſpital, the Church of St. Bartholomew was one. I may be ask'd therefore where this Church was Situated. In anſwer to this I dare venture to ſay, that there never was any ſuch Church in this Town; I mean a Pariſh Church: And therefore it muſt have been the Church or Chapel belonging to this Hoſpital; and conſequently muſt have been ſeated where the Hoſpital was. And this appears to be the rather true, becauſe we have no other mention made of their Chapel, and becauſe when it is mention'd in the Charter it is ſaid to be given them, that they may ſerve God in it.

IN the Year 1355, Thomas Hatfield, Biſhop of Durham, confirmed to the Nuns of this Houſe, the Abbeſs they had elected; her Name was Alice Davill. She had been not duly elected, and therefore he made the Election void; but however, as ſhe was a Perſon the Convent very much approv'd of, the Biſhop of his ſpecial Favour order'd her to preſide over them.

THIS was granted at Aukland, May the 9th, in the Tenth Year of his Conſecration.

DR. Hunter of Durham obliged me with the following Copy of the Biſhop's Grant.

THOMAS permiſſione divina Dunelm' Epiſcopus Religioſae mulieri Dominae Aliciae Davill ſalutem gratiam & Benedictionem. Licet Electionem quam dilectae Filiae moniales & Conventus Domus ſeu Prioratus S. Bartholomei in villa Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam noſtrae Dioceſ' de Te in Prioriſſam earundem & Domus ſuae praedictae fecerant; propter peccatum in forma ejuſdem Caſſaverimus, juſtitia ſuadente Conſiderantes tamen quod praedictae moniales in Te tanquam habilem & idoneam ad regimen Prioratus praedicti Direxerant vota ſua, Te in Prioriſſam Domus praedictae de noſtra ſpeciali gratia, praeficiamus & ordimamus, Tibi (que) curam & regimen ejuſdem committimus, cum ſuis juribus & pertinentiis univerſis, In cuſus Rei, &c. Dat' in Manerio noſtro de Aukland die nono Menſis Maii Anno Dom' 1355, Et noſtrae Conſecrationis Decimo.

IN the Year [...]ladox Firm. Burg. p. 4. 1486, the Prioreſs and Convent of St. Bartholomew, granted Land to Thomas Lokwood and his Heirs, ad Feodi Firmum.

AGNES Lawſon, the laſt Prioreſs, ſurrendred up this Convent the 3d of January, 154 [...], 31ſt Henry 8th, and had a Penſion of 6 l. per Annum allowed. It was valued 26th of Henry 8th at 36 l. 10 s. per Ann. Dugdale 37 l. 4 s. 2 d.

IT was after this in the Hands of the Lady Gaveere, who ſold it to Mr. Robert Anderſon, who pulled down all the Houſes therein; it being a Recepticle for Scots and Unfreemen, and he bought it on Purpoſe to diſlodge them. He alſo bought the Garden, and after having raiſed the Dean that went thro' it, he made it a very pleaſant Place; it was from Corner to Corner Eleven Score Yards.Milbank M. S.

IT is now the Property of Walter Blackett, Eſq and is a very delightful Meadow.

Sect. IV. SCOTCH INN.

[51]

OPPOSITE to this Nunnery, on the Weſt-ſide of the Street, is an ancient Building with a large Gate, which has formerly been a Piece of ſtately Workmanſhip. De rebus Novocaſt'. This Sir Robert Shaftoe, Recorder of this Town, was of Opinion, was the Houſe of the Earls of Northumberland, and was called the Earls Inn. Grey ſays it was called the Scotch Inn; becauſe it was there that the Kings, Nobility, and Lards of Scotland lodged in Time of Truce or League with England.

THIS Street from the Scotch Inn, or thereabouts, takes the Name of the Bigg and Oat-market; becauſe in the Middle of it is kept a Market of Bigg and Oats every Tueſday and Saturday. Here the Street is broader than almoſt any Street in the whole Town, and adorn'd with good Houſes: At the End of it Southward, is a very great Market for Poultry, which gives the Name of the Pullen-market to this Part of the Street.

CHAP. VI. Of the Diviſion of this Street.

[52]

HAVING now got as far as the End of the broad Part of this Street, we have the Breadth of it divided into Three Streets. The firſt Street, or that on the Right Hand, is called the Meal-market, the Oatmeal-market, or Groat-market, becauſe of the Oatmeal, which is ſold there every Day of the Week, but more eſpecially on the Saturday's. What Name it had formerly, or whether it ever had any other, I cannot ſay; but this is certain, that it has retained it's preſent Name above two hundred Years.

AT the Upper-end of this Street, or the North-end of it, is the Poſt-houſe of this Town, which is adorned with a pretty Area of a Quadrangular Figure, together with a good Garden: It belongs to Mr. James Bell, the preſent Poſt-Maſter.

AS you deſcend from this End of the Street, you turn the Corner of this Houſe upon the Right Hand, into a Lane called the Pudding-chare, or as I have ſeen it in ſome ancient Writings Budding-chare, which leads into Weſtgate. There were three Houſes in this Lane which paid an Annual Rent to the Chantry of the Holy Trinity in St. John's Church; one paid 20 d. per Ann. another 2 d. and the third 4 d. The Lane called Roſemary-lane, which turns upon the Right Hand as you go down this Chare into Weſtgate, was formerly called St. John's Chare; becauſe it led from the Pudding-chare to St. John's Church.

IN this Lane there is a Waſte, which belong'd to the Nuns of St. Bartholomew, boundering on the Weſt on the Common Gutter, and on the North on the Chantery Lands.

THIS Waſte is the Ground where are now the Gardens of Mr. James Bell, Poſt-maſter, and the old Houſes on the North of theſe Gardens, now the Property of Mr. Ralph Trotter, are the Chantery Lands here mentioned.

[53]OVER againſt the South-end of this Lane, which ſo leads to St. John's Church, is an ancient Alms-houſe, in which live ſeven poor People, who have a ſmall Allowance at Chriſtmas from the Town.

HAVING paſt the Eaſt-end of the Pudding-chare, we go Southward, which leads into the Body of the Meal-market, aforeſaid.

THERE is little in this Street worth taking Notice of; the Houſes generally are very ancient and mean, the few good ones are one which was built the laſt Year by Mr. Prior of this Town, Cooper, an ancient Inhabitant in this Street; and another the Houſe below it, which belongs to Mr. William Harriſon, Dyer, which was formerly the Dwelling-houſe of Timothy Robſon, Eſq Alderman of this Town, and ſometime Mayor; and ſome few others.

IN the Reign of Queen Elizabeth a Houſe in this Street belonging to one William Penrith, whoſe Site is now loſt, paid an annual Rent to the Chantery of our Lady in the Pariſh Church of Long-benton.

Rom. Britann. p. 132.THE late Mr. Horſely tells us of another Houſe in this Street, in the laying of the Foundation of which, about 15 or 16 Years ſince, the Maſons ſtruck upon the Roman Wall at each of the Side Walls, ſo that the Building ſtands croſs the Roman Wall. But where the Site of it is he does not ſay.

TOWARDS the lower end of this Street is a large open, where is a Market every Saturday for Wool, below this again a Lane leading into Weſtgate, called Denton-chare.

PASSING by the Eaſt-end of this Chare, we come to the ancient Iron-Market, which was oppoſite to St. Nicholas Church, in that Piece of Ground leading to the Side, from the Houſe of Mr. Charles Clark, and from below the Shop of the late Mr. John Kellot, Smith.

ANOTHER Street which the broad Street of the Big-market is divided into is the Middle-ſtreet, ſo called becauſe it ſtands in the Middle of the Streets in this Part of the Town; for it has on the Eaſt-ſide of it the Fleſh-market and Pilgrim-ſtreet, and on the Weſt, the Oatmeal-Market, and Weſtgate.

THIS Street bore anciently three Names, the upper Part of it was called Skinner-gate, the lower Part of it Spurrier-gate and Sadler-gate.

IT is a Street as it was in Grey's Time, where all Sorts of Artificers have Shops and Houſes.

WE come now to the 3d Street, (viz.) the Fleſh-market, at the upper-end of which is the Upper-dean-bridge, ſo called becauſe of the two Bridges which croſs this Dean or Rivulet, which runs into Lorkburne, this is that which is the higher or upper one.

HAVING paſſed by the Weſt-end of this Bridge we go Southward into the Fleſh-market.

GREY tells us, ‘that when the Good-men of this Town began to trade and venture beyond the Seas, they built many Ships, and procured a Charter from the Kings of England to carry Fells beyond Seas, and to bring in foreign Commodities. The Staple was then at Antwerp in Brabant, called Commune totius Europae Emporium. The Charter of the Merchant Adventurers was the firſt Charter that was granted by any King to any Town.’

‘AFTER this Grant this Town flouriſhed in trading, built many fair Houſes in the Fleſh-market, then called Cloth-market. The Merchants had [54] their Shops and Ware-houſes there, in the Back-parts of their Houſes: The River of Tyne flowed and ebbed, where Boats came up with Commodities; which Trade of Merchandizes continued many Years.’

‘IN this Street the Mayors, Aldermen, and richeſt Men of the Town lived.’

PART of the preſent Fleſh-market was called the Cloth-market, and part of it the Fleſh-market and Fiſh-market. An Anonymous Authority ſays, that in Pilgrim-ſtreet was the Market for Fiſh, that came up to the Nether-dean-bridge. But this in my Opinion is a Miſtake. For in the Ward belonging to Morden-Tower, part of it is over the Fleſh-ſhambles from the North Weſt Church Stile of St. Nicholas, unto the Fiſh-ſhambles. Conſequently the Fiſh that came up to the Nether-dean-bridge muſt have been ſold in the Fleſh-market, not in Pilgrim-ſtreet. The Shops of this Street are at preſent the Shops of Artificers, and the Houſes either chiefly Coffee-houſes or Taverns, or Ale-houſes.

IN ſome ancient Writings belonging to that worthy Gentleman The Rev. Mr. Smith of Melſonby, I find that ſeveral Houſes in this Street paid an annual Rent to Univerſity College in Oxford; one of them in particular nigh the Church Yard paid 6 s. in the Year 1304, and ſo did many Houſes in the other Streets of this Town to the ſame College. Several of theſe were the Gift of the Lady Ann Bellaſys to this College, An. 1444.

THE Fleſh-market in this Street, which is held every Saturday, is a very great Market, not only as it ſupplies the Town in a great Meaſure, but as it alſo furniſhes the Country for ſeveral Miles round. Beſides there are ſeveral Thouſands of People belonging to the Coal-Works, ſuch as Staith-Men, Waggoners, Pit-Men, Wrights, Keel-Men, &c. all which for the moſt part have their Proviſions from this Market.

THE Proviſion alſo for Ships, is got from this Market. And this indeed muſt be very conſiderable, when there will be ſometimes 3 or 4 hundred Sail in at a Time.

THERE are 2 Fairs kept in this Market every Year for 8 Days together, the one begins upon Lammas Day, or the Firſt of Auguſt, which Grey calls a remarkable Time of the Year, but why he calls it ſo, he gives no Account. This Fair is in ſome Meaſure of an ancient ſtanding. For we meet with ſome Account of it in the Reign of King John, mentioned in a Charter of another of our Kings. The Words are theſe, Inſuper cum Dicti Burgenſes per Chartam praefati Joannis Regis habeant in dicto Burgo unam feriam ſingulis annis per duos dies duraturam, viz. in vigilia & in die Sancti Petri ad Vincula, &c.

NOW from this it appears that King John granted to the Town of Newcaſtle, Lammas Fair, which he order'd ſhould be held on the Eve of St. Peter ad Vincula, and upon the Day it ſelf. Blount in Verb. I ſuppoſe Grey calls it a remarkable Time of the Year, as well becauſe it is called Lammas Day as becauſe it is called St. Peter advincula. As it is Lammas Day, it is a remarkable Time of the Year, for it is called Lambmas becauſe Lambs were not then fit to eat, they were grown too big: aliter from the Sax. III asmaesse q. d. Loafmas, becauſe on that Day the Engliſh made an Offering of Bread made with new Wheat. On this Day it was, that Tenants that held Lands of the Cathedral Church of York (which is dedicated to St. Peter ad Vincula) were bound by their Tenure to bring a Live Lamb into the Church at High-maſs on that Day.

IT is alſo a remarkable Time, as it is St. Peter ad vincula, and as it is called the Gule of Auguſt, from the Latin Gula, a Throat. The Reaſon is ſet down in Durand's Rationale (Lib. 7. c. 19.) who ſays, that one Quirinus, a Tribune, having a Daughter that had a Diſeaſe in her Throat, went to Alexander, then Pope [55] of Rome, the 6th from St. Peter, and deſired of him to borrow, or to ſee the Chains, that St. Peter was chained with under Nero; which being obtained, the ſaid Daughter kiſſing the Chains, was cured of her Deſeaſe, and Quirinus with his Family baptized. Tunc dictus Alexander Papa hoc Feſtum in Calendis auguſti celebrandum inſtituit, & in honorem beati Petri Eccleſiam in Urbe Fabricavit, ubi vincula ipſa repoſuit, & ad Vincula nominavit, & in calendis auguſti dedicavit. In qua, Feſtivitate Populus illic ipſa vincula hodie Oſculatur. So that this Day being before called only the Calends of Auguſt, was upon this Occaſion termed indifferently either St. Peter's Day ad Vincula, from the Inſtrument that wrought the Miracle; or the Gule of Auguſt from that Part of the Virgin whereon the Miracle was wrought. Blount in verb.

AFTER this Fair granted by King John, it was by a ſucceeding King, ordered to begin at the ſame Time, and to continue 28 Days. When it was reduced to the Time above-mentioned I have not met with.

THE other Fair held in this Market is at St. Lukeſmas, it was granted to the Town in the Reign of Henry the 7th. During the Time of theſe Fairs there is a Court of Pye-powder. All the Privileges and Power that a Court Leet can have, is granted to this Court. Grey 17.

TOWARDS the South-end of this was a large Croſs, with a lead Ciſtern at the Top of it to hold the Water, called the New-water; which was pulled down about 3 Years ago. Beyond this, at the End of this Street is the Cordiners Meeting-houſe.

CHAP. VII. Of St. NICHOLAS Church.

[56]

AT the End of the Fleſh-market, on the South-ſide of the Cordiners Meeting-houſe, juſt now mentioned, ſtands the Church of St. Nicholas. It is a very grand and magnificent Building, being in length 79 Yards, two Foot, three Quarters; in breadth 24 Yards, two Foot, three Quarters; and of an Height equal and proportionable. Who it was founded by I have no where met with, but if a Conjecture may be made, it was perhaps founded by Henry the Firſt: But be this as it will, it is certain it is as old as his Days. For Henricus Rex, Angliae Archiepiſcopo Ebor' & Epiſcopo Dunelm' & Vicecomiti de Northumberlanda Salutem. Sciatis me dediſſe & conceſſiſſe Deo & Sanctae Mariae de Cairlelia & Canonicis ejuſdem loci, Eccleſiam de Novo Caſtello ſuper Tynam & Eccleſiam de Newburna & Eccleſia quas Ricardus de aurea Valle de me tenet' poſt obitum ejus, & Ricardus, & Clerici qui ipſis Eccleſiis deſerviunt, recognoſcant de Canonicis ipſius & faciant eis ſervitium quod mihi facere ſolebant & Poſt obitum eorum redigantur Eccleſiae in Manus Canonicorum. Ita quod Clerici qui eis Deſerviant, habeantinde Neceſſaria & Canonici habeant reliquum. Dugdal. Monaſt. P. 2. p. 73. it was this King that gave it to the Church and Canons of St. Mary's of Carliſle; and alſo at the ſame Time the Church of Newburn.

IN a Book belonging to the Veſtry of St. Nicholas, it is ſaid to be founded in the Year 1091; but what Authority this Account depends upon, I know not; however it is ſomewhat probable.

THE ordering of the Vicarage was not 'till ſome Years after. The King indeed in his Charter makes a general Proviſion of what is neceſſary for the Miniſter of this Church, but does not ſay what that is. This was done by Hugh Pudſey, Biſhop of Durham, as Thomas Hatfield, one of his Succeſſors gave it under his Epiſcopal Seal at Auckland, June 6th, 1360. For having ſearched the Regiſter of Hugh, his Predeceſſor, he found, that he with the Conſent of the Prior, and Convent of Carliſle, order'd the Vicarage of St. Nicholas in Newcaſtle upon Tyne, on the Day before the Converſion of St. Paul, or January 24th, 1194, and gave the Vicar, for the Time being, a Portion, or Maintenance, viz. all the Fruits, annual Profits, Oblations, Obventions whatſoever, of what Kind or Thing ſoever they were, belonging to the Church of St. Nicholas, except the great Tythes belonging to the ſame Church.

THIS Account I am obliged to Dr. Hunter of Durham for, who favoured me with the following Tranſcript from Biſhop Hatfield's Regiſter.

THE Steeple of this Church is in Height 64 Yards, one Foot, three Quarters. It is ſuppoſed, as to it's Model, to be the moſt curious in the whole Kingdom: It is adorned with 13 Pinacles, and a large and beautiful Lanthorn, which ſtands upon two very bold Arches of Stone, and at the Top of the ſaid Lanthorn ſtands the tall Spire, by much the largeſt belonging to the Steeple. On the Corners of the old Tower, upon which ſtands the ſaid beautiful Structure, are four Images, one at each Corner, cut at length in Stone. 'Tis ſaid that Ben Johnſon, the Poet, made the following Lines upon it.

My
Ex Grey.
Altitude High, my Body, four Square,
My Foot in the Grave, my Head in the Air,
My Eyes in my Sides, five Tongues in my Womb.
Thirteen Heads upon my Body, four Images alone;
I can direct you where the Wind doth ſtay,
And I tune God's Precepts twice a-Day.
I am ſeen where I am not, I am heard where I is not,
Tell me now what I am, and ſee that you miſs not.

IT is ſaid, and indeed confeſſed, that Robert Rhodes was more probably the Builder of this Steeple than any other Perſon: His Name being at the Bottom of the Belſry.

Orate pro anima Roberti Rhodes.

BUT who this Robert Rhodes was, is more uncertain. Grey tells us, that Robert de Rhodes was the Lord Prior of Tinmouth, in Henry the 6th Days. And an Anoymous Authority ſeems to ſuggeſt, that this Robert Rhodes was one of the Biſhop of Durham's Juſtices; becauſe in a Regiſter at Durham, there is mention made of Robert Rhodes, ab Anno 1486, ad An' 1537, and Agnes his Wife.

BUT neither of theſe ſeem to me to be the true one. I am rather inclinable to believe, that one Robert Rhodes, Eſq who lived in this Town in the Reign of Henry the 6th was the true Perſon. We meet with this Gentleman's Name in an Inquiſition that was taken at the Caſtle of Newcaſtle, in the 25th of Henry the 6th, 1447; for two of the Gentlemen preſent were Roger Thornton, the Son of the famous Benefactor of that Name, and Robert Rhodes, and they were alſo firſt mentioned after the Mayor.

Lib. de Reb. 11.IN the Year 1451, we meet again with the ſame Perſon, who together with the ſaid Roger Thornton, by an Inſtrument bearing the ſame Date, conveyed ſome Houſes for the Uſe of a Chantery Prieſt to pray for the Soul of [58] William Johnſon. We have alſo a further Account of this Gentleman in the Year 1500, for an Inſtrument bearing that Date informs us, that the Mayor and Inhabitants of Newcaſtle, gave a Tenement to a Prieſt to live in, who was to pray for the Soul of Robert Rhodes and Agnes his Wife, at the Altar of St. John the Baptiſt, and John the Evangeliſt in St. Nicholas Church.

NOW when it is conſidered that this Robert Rhodes, I am ſpeaking of, was ſo great a Man in this Town, that he lived in the ſame Reign in which Grey acknowledges the Lanthorne to have been built, namely in the Reign of Hen. the 6th, and that he was ſo commemorated by the Mayor and Inhabitants after his Deceaſe, I dare ſay it will appear much more probable that he was the Builder than either of the others.

THERE might indeed be, and probably there was a Robert Rhodes, Prior of Tinmouth, in the Reign of Hen. the 6th, but I never met with any Benefactions of the Priors of Tinmouth to the Town of Newcaſtle. They were on the contrary mortal Enemies to this Place, and always jealous of it's encreaſing Glory. As to the other Robert Rhodes, one of the Biſhop's Juſtices, he was alive in the Year 1537, which was the 29th of Henry the 8th, and ſo comes too late to build a Steeple in the Reign of Henry the 6th. I have been told by a worthy Gentleman, and one who is curious in theſe Things, that this Robert Rhodes, ſo taken Notice of by this Town, was Eſcheator.

THERE is a traditional Story of this Building I am now treating of, which may not be improper to be here taken Notice of. In the Time of the Civil Wars, when the Scots had beſieg'd the Town for ſeveral Weeks, and were ſtill as far as at firſt from taking it, the General ſent a Meſſenger to the Mayor or of the Town, and demanded the Keys, and the Delivering up of the Town, or he would immediately demoliſh the Steeple of St. Nicholas. The Mayor and Aldermen upon hearing this, immediately ordered a certain Number of the chiefeſt of the Scottiſh Priſoners to be carried up to the Top of the old Tower, the Place below the Lanthorne, and there confined; after this they returned the General an Anſwer to this Purpoſe, That they would upon no Terms deliver up the Town, but would to the laſt Moment defend it: That the Steeple of St. Nicholas was indeed a beautiful and magnificent Piece of Architecture, and one of the great Ornaments of their Town; but yet ſhould be blown into Attoms before ranſom'd at ſuch a Rate: That however, if it was to fall, it ſhould not fall alone; that the ſame Moment he deſtroyed the beautiful Structure, he ſhould Bath his Hands in the Blood of his Countrymen; who were placed there on Purpoſe either to preſerve it from Ruin, or to die along with it. This Meſſage had the deſired Effect. The Men were there kept Priſoners during the whole Time of the Siege, and not ſo much as one Gun fired againſt it.

THERE were only five Bells originally belonging to this Church, but of late Years the Number is encreas'd to Eight. The great Bell, call'd the common Bell, was ſent to Colcheſter to be new caſt in the Year 1615, it weighed 3129 lb. They are very large ones, have a bold and noble Sound, and yet exceedingly ſweet and Harmonious. The three latter Bells were given to this Church by the Corporation.

IN the Year 1723, William Elliſon, Eſq Mayor, and Robert Sowersby, Eſq Sheriff, the Steeple was repaired at the Expence of the Corporation.

AT the North Door of this Church, it is obſervable, that the large Flagg which is the firſt Step into the Church, is cut all along the Surface with uneven Lines, in Imitation of the Waves of the Sea. This is a ſilent Remembrancer of the Saint the Church is dedicated to; for St. Nicholas, the Biſhop of Myra, who lived in the Time of Conſtantine the Great, is ſo famous among ſome for his Miracles and Apparitions by Sea, that he has merited the Title of the Patron of the Sailors.

[59]THERE were no fewer than 9 Chanteries belonging to this Church, which are valued at 48 l. 4 s. 6 d. per Annum.

THE Chantery of St. John the Baptiſt, and St. John the Apoſtle, was on the In Eccleſia Sancti Nich. de dicta villa Novicaſtri ad altare Boreale Joannis Baptiſtae & Joannis Apoſt. & Evangel. lib. Cart. p. 121. North-ſide of the Church. It is ſaid to have been founded by Robert Rhodes and Agnes his Wife, and licenſed by King Henry the 6th. If there be any Truth in this, it is that he was a third Founder. He allowed a Prieſt 7 l. 7 s. 10 d. per Annum to pray for his Soul, and the Soul of his Wife; and the Town of Newcaſtle, as it is ſaid above, out of Reſpect to his Memory, gave the Prieſt a Houſe to live in; but it's a Miſtake that this Chantery was not founded before, for Richard de Emeldon who had been above 12 Times Mayor of Newcaſtle, was permitted by Letters Patents from King Edward the 3d, to build upon a Piece of vacant Ground, over againſt the Chapel of St. Thomas the Martyr, that he might preſent it to Three Chaplains, to procure their Prayers for him whilſt he was living, and after he was dead, and alſo for the Souls of his Wives and his Father and Mother, &c. every Day at the Altar in St. Nicholas, which was dedicated to John the Baptiſt, and John the Apoſtle and Evangeliſt. This Gentleman died about the 6th or 7th of the Reign now mentioned, as is clearly gathered from the Authority above; and the Letters in which this Chantery is mentioned bear Date the 6th of this Reign: and therefore it is a Miſtake to ſuppoſe this Chantery founded in the Reign of Henry the 6th, which was almoſt an hundred Years after.

THE Prieſts ſet a-part to attend this Altar, were every Day to pray for his Soul, and the others above-mentioned; and by an Order from the Then Richard, Lord Biſhop of Durham, the Chaplains for the Time being, were obliged on the Anniverſary Day of his Death, every Year for Ever, to celebrate his Memory with a Solemn tolling of the Bells, and devoutly ſinging by Note in the Evening of the Anniverſary, and on the Anniverſary itſelf, and ſolemnly to ſing Maſs for the Soul of Richard himſelf, and the Souls above-mentioned, and the Souls of all the Faithful departed. And after Maſs, one of the Chaplains was to diſtribute among an hundred and ſixty poor People, the Sum of Six Shillings and Eight-pence, and this annually for ever. This, together with ſeveral other Things, was ordered by Richard, Biſhop of Durham, in the 3d Year of his Conſecration, Anno 1335, which was, with all other Things mentioned in the Charter, confirmed by Edward the 3d, in the 10th Year of his Reign.

THUS then it appears that this Chantery is of a much older Date than the Reign of Henry the Sixth. But this is not all; Richard de Emeldon, was but a ſecond Founder of this Chantery: It boaſts ſtill an higher Antiquity, and is ſaid to have been founded by Laurence of Durham, who was Prior of Durham in the Year 1149, which, by the way, is a further Proof of our Conjecture of this Church's being founded by King Henry the Firſt, or in that Reign at lateſt.

2. THE Chantery of St. Catherine was founded by William Johnſon and Iſabel his Wife, in the Reign of Edward the Third; it's yearly Value was 6 l. 15 s. Roger Thornton, the Son of Roger the great Benefactor, in a Deed dated December the 20th, 1451, is made, together with ſome others, a Truſtee by a Feoffment of Roger booth, the ſurviving Feoffee of William Johnſon, who gave the Lands and Tenements therein mentioned, for the better Support of a Perpetual Chaplain to attend the Chantery of St. Catherine, which is ſaid to be ab Alano-Durham ab antiquo ſundat:

IN the Reign of King Henry the 6th, one Robert Mitford was the Chaplain of this Chantery, who ſucceeded Peter Angram, a former Chaplain.

3. ANOTHER Chantery of St. Catherine, was founded by Nicholas and John Elliker. The Deed of Foundation is ſaid to have been imbezeled by Richard Wallas, late Incumbent there: The yearly Value 3 l. 14 s. 8 d. which aroſe [60] out of certain Tenements ſituated in the Cloſe, Caſtle-mote, in the Side, and in Sandgate.

4. THE Chantery of St. Peter and St. Paul, was founded by Adam Henrother, and Allan Hilton, and licenced by King Henry the Fourth; the yearly Value 4 l. 13 s. 4 d. which aroſe from ſome Tenements in the Cloſe, Side, and Weſtgate.

5. THE Chantery of St. Thomas, was founded by John Thapecape, and licenced by Edward the Third; the yearly Value of it was 4 l. 12 s. 6 d.

6. THE Chantery of our Lady, whoſe Deed of Foundation is ſaid to have been imbezeled by Thomas Ireland, late Incumbent there. But however we may give ſome Gueſs at the Time of it: For Lib. Cart. p. 48. there is mention made of it, and of two Shillings a Year given to it, in a Charter which was ſigned by Nicholas de Carleol, then Capital Bailiff of the Town, in the Year 1328; and in the Year 1305, Peter Graper, then Mayor of the Town, gave Et cuidam Capellano celebranti divina ad altare Beatae Mariae Virginis in Eccleſia Beatae Nicholai de Novo Caſtro duos Solidos argenti &c. Lib. Cart. two Shillings a Year to the Chaplain that waited upon the Altar of the bleſſed Virgin Mary, in the Church of St. Nicholas. So that it muſt at lateſt have been founded in the Reign of King Edward the Firſt. That large Porch on the South-ſide of the Church, or the South-Croſs of the Church, as it is called, is the Chantery of St. Mary's; the yearly Value of it was 5 l. 16 s.

7. STEPHEN Whitgray, and Mary his Wife, founded the Chantery of St. Margaret, in the South-ſide of the Church of St. Nicholas, in the Reign of Richard the Second. I take that Square Place, called Bewick's Burial-place, now the Burial-place of Utrick Whitfield, Eſq near the Porch-Door of this Church, to have been this Chantery.

THEY conſtituted John de Etell, Chaplain of this Chantery, to pray for their Souls, and the Souls of the faithful departed. The Value of this Chantery was 10 Marks yearly, which was raiſed out of certain Tenements, viz. out of one near the Cale-croſs, and from a Tenement which paid ſomewhat to the Chantery of St. Eligie, in the Church of All-Hallows in this Town; and from another Tenement near the Cale-Croſs, which lay near Grundon-chare; and from another Tenement over-againſt St. Nicholas Church; and from another Tenement in Hackergate, near the Chapel of All-Saints; and from a Tenement near Kirk-chare; from a Tenement in Pampedon; from a Tenement in Broad-chare; from a Garden near Pampedon-burne; from a Tenement in Calegarth in Broad-chare, &c.

THE Chaplain of this Chantery, after the Deceaſe of the Founder, was to be choſen by the Vicar of St. Nicholas, the Mayor and Bailiffs of this Town, and Four of the honeſt Pariſhioners of St. Nicholas. Witneſſes of this Charter, were Laurentius de Acton, Mayor of this Town, Henry de Carliol, Thomas de Gryndon, John de Newbiggyng, John de Appreton, Bailiffs, Thomas de Herington, John de Coket. Given at Newcaſtle the 20th of April, Anno Dom. 1394, in the 17th of Richard the Second.

8. THE Chantery of St. Cuthbert, was founded by Thomas Harrington and William Redmarſhall, in the Reign of Richard the Second; yearly Value 7 l. 3 s. 2 d. which was raiſed out of certain Tenements ſituated in the Sandhill, Side, and Cloſe.

9. THE Chantery of St. Loye, was founded by Robert Caſtell, in the Reign of Edward the Third: Yearly value 4 l. 10 s. which aroſe from Tenements in the Cloſe, Weſtgate, and from a Cloſe without the Weſt-gate, called Gooſe-green-cloſe.

THE Font belonging to this Church has either been built or repair'd by Robert Rhodes the Builder of the upper Part of the Steeple; for his Coat of Arms (and probably his Wife's too) is quartered on the Baſis of it.

[61]ON the North-Iſle, anſwering to the Nave or Body of this Church is a large Gallery, which is chiefly for the Uſe of the Boys of the Grammar School. At the Eaſt-end of which an Addition was made to it by the Rev. Dr. Tomlinſon, for the Uſe of his Succeſſor, the Lecturer of St. Nicholas, and his own Family.

IN the Rood-loft, or the Gallery which ſeperates the Chancel from the Nave of the Church, now called the Organ-loft, is a Double Organ.

ON the North-ſide of this Organ, is a Porch called Saint George's Porch, which was built, as Grey informs us, by one of the Kings of this Land. It has undoubtedly been one of the ancient Chanteries; for ſeveral of them were ſituated thereabouts, between the Gallery and this Porch; as ſome others of them were in St. Mary's Porch, or the South Croſs of the Church. It hath under it a Vault, and there is on the North Windows the Head of the King, the Father of the Lady which St. George delivered from the Dragon.

ON the Eaſt Windows is ſtill remaining ſome of the painted Glaſs. There is particularly the Picture of Saint Laurence, and ſome Skin-marks, and Coats of Arms. It has been a beautiful little Place: It is ceiled at the Top, and has been ſurrounded with carv'd Work in Wood; ſome of which ſtill remains, to ſpeak the Curious Art and commendable Expence of the Days of old.

THE Chancel of this Church is a very noble and ſtately one. The Altar was in the Year 1712, very ſumptuouſly and yet decently adorn'd. At the [...] Top, is the Word Jehovah, and under that, in a Glory, a Part of the Name of Lord which he himſelf proclaimed before Moſes. The Lord God merciful and gracious. What is below that again, ſee in the Altar of All-hallows.

The PLATE for the Altar.

TWO Flaggons; Three Challices and Covers; Three Salvers; A ſmall Spoon Drainer.

ON the South Side of the Chancel is the Veſtry, above which is the Library. The Keeper of which is the Rev. Mr. Stoddard, Aſſiſtant Curate of this Church.

IN this are ſeveral good Books, and ſome Manuſcripts: But it is not at preſent any way comparable to what it will be hereafter, either for Variety or Number of Books of all Kinds of Learning; The worthy and learned Dr. Tomlinſon, being expected to leave at his Death, to this Library, his whole Study, which is perhaps (conſidering the vaſt Number of Books, their being ſo well choſen, ſo neatly and curiouſly Bound, their great Variety, being of all Manner of Subjects, treating of all Arts and Sciences) a Library outdone by few private Gentlemen in the Kingdom.

Grey 10.IN this Church are many ſumptuous Windows, but that in the Eaſt ſurpaſſeth all the Reſt in Height, Largeneſs, and Beauty. This Author ſays, that there were in this Window the Twelve Apoſtles, and the ſeven Deeds of Charity: I ſuppoſe he Means, painted upon the Glaſs. He tells us alſo, that this Window was built by the Beneficent Roger Thornton, the Elder, and that there was this Inſcription on it. Orate pro anima Rogeri de Thornton, & pro animabus Filiorum & Filiarum. At preſent there is nothing remaining of theſe Pictures, but two Heads, which, if we may Judge of the Reſt by them, will ſpeak them to have been very Tall, and curiouſly done: The Inſcription is intirely gone.

AN Indulgence of 40 Days was granted by twelve Foreign Biſhops, 1359, and confirmed by Thomas Hatfield, Biſhop of Durham, to all ſuch (having repented and confeſſed their Sins) as performed the following Things, viz. If [62] they came to this Church to Maſs, to Prayers Morning or Evening, or other Divine offices, on the Feaſt of it's Patron, and the others below written, viz. on the Feaſt of Chriſtmas-day, the Circumciſion, the Epiphany, Eaſter-Eve, the Aſcenſion, Pentecoſt, Trinity, Corpus Chriſti, the Invention and Exaltation of the Holy Croſs, St. Michael the Arch-Angel, the Nativity and Decollation of John the Baptiſt, the bleſſed Apoſtles Peter and Paul, and all other Apoſtles and Evangeliſts; the Commemoration of All-Souls, and on the Feaſt of the Dedication of the ſaid Church of St. Nicholas; and alſo on the Feaſts of St. Stephen, Lawrence, George, Martin, Dionyſius, Blaſius, Mary Magdalen, Catharine, Agatha, Margaret, and in the Octaves of all Feaſts, and on every Lord's -Day and Sabbath through the Year. They alſo were intitled to this Indulgence who follow'd the Body of Chriſt, and the Holy-Oyl, when they were carryed to the the Sick; or who went round the Church-yard, praying all the while for the Dead; Thoſe alſo were intitled who aſſiſted in the Repairing of the ſaid Church, or Gifted it with Lamps, Books, Chalices, Veſtments, or any other neceſſary Ornaments; or gave, or left to it by Will, Gold, Silver, or any Part of their Subſtance: Thoſe alſo ſhared in it, who on the Sundays ſaid their Prayers when the Bell rung at High Maſs, at the conſecrating of the Body of Chriſt; and laſtly thoſe who devoutly prayed for the Soul of Catherine de Camera, whoſe Body was buried in the ſaid Church, and for the healthful Eſtate of John de Camera, Gilbert de Dukesfield, and Agnes his Wife, as long as they lived, and for their Souls when they were dead.St. Nicholas Veſtry.

Some of the Inſcriptions on the Tombs, Monuments and Graves of this Church.

The Eaſt-End.

ON the North-Eaſt Corner of the Church, is the Tomb of Sir George Selby. His Effigies and that of his Lady are at length, reſting upon Pillows, with uplifted Hands. On the South of the Tomb are the Effigies of his Children in a Poſture of Prayer, kneeling with raiſed Hands. Upon a Marble Stone, placed in the Wall, a little above the Tomb, is the following Inſcription,

Georgius Selby Eques auratus ab antiqua & clara Selbeiorum de Selby in Comitat' Ebor. Familia oriundus, quater hujus villae preator, Vicecomes Comitat' Palat' Dunelm'. Sereniſſimi Regis Jacobi Hoſpitio & Servitio Nobilitatus. Ob Lautum certe & affluentem perpetuo apparatum, & Liberaliſſimae Menſae communicationem merito paſſim celebratiſſimus. Margaretae Uxoris Joannis Selby de Twiſell Militis filiae conſorcio apprime Faelix. Ex qua ſuſcept' quinque filios, immatura morte Sublatos & ſex filias ſuperſtites; Quatuor ante illius obitum nuptas; Margaretam primam Gulielmo Balaſys de Morton, Elizabetam Secundam Joanni Delavale de Diſſington, Equitibus Auratis; Barbaram tertiam Roberto Delavale Haeredi Radulphi Delavale de Seaton Equitis Aurati, Iſabellam quartam Patricio Curwen de Workington Armigero, & duas innuptas Dorotheam & Mariam, per totum Vitae Curſum Lautiſſima uſus fortuna. In hoc vere beatus, quod ſub indubitata Spe plenae peccatorum omnium remiſſionis, & ſuae ad eternam vitam Reſurrectionis, ſpiritum in manus Domini commendavit in coque placide obdormivit 300 Martij 1625 An' Aetatis 68. Corpus Sepultum jacet in Crypta ſub hoc Tumulo charae uxoris cura extructa.

Amoris, Honoris & Memoriae ergo.
Under the Coat of Arms. — Mortuus vivo.

Within the Palliſadoes, upon a Flat Marble Stone — t [...]u have Mercy of the Sowlle of George Selbe Merchant Adventurer ſometime Alderman of this Town, and Margaret his Wife, and their Children.

[63]

In the Margin on his SideAnno 1542.
on her SideAnno 1562.

IN the North-ſide of the Middle Porch, under the grand Eaſtern Window, are the Nitches of ſeveral pulled out Statues; on the South-ſide of it is the Monument of George Carr, with this Inſcription

Orate pro Anima Georgij Car quondam Majoris iſtius villae qui obijt Anno Domini Milleſimo CCCC Cujus animae Propitietur Deus.

THE Effigies of him and his Wife are at length, reſting on Pillows with their Hands raiſed. Above them is an arched Canopy, with a defaced Inſcription; but a Manuſcript in this Church tells us that the Words were

For George Car's Sawil his Wyffes and Chylders Sawlls all and to make a ſolem Dyrge Maſs with all-his Bruchern in the Qwyre and Dirſſe to ſing as apecyth in his Writing of Rimae:

AT the Feet of the Effigies are the Ruins of a large Image of our Saviour upon the Croſs, with an Inſcription equally dark as the other, but ſaid to be this

Our Lady prays him to ſay at the Day.

WHEN the Scots took the Town they plundered the Churches, and theſe and many more were defaced; for they broke down the Carved Work thereof with Axes and Hammers.

IN the North-ſide of the South-Eaſt-Porch, is a very pretty Monument commemorating the Wife of William Wrightſon, Eſq

NEAR this Place lies the Body of Iſabel, the Wife of William Wrightſon, Eſq one of the Burgeſſes in ſeveral Parliaments for this Town and County of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, ſhe died the 13th of March, 1716.

ALMOST contiguous to this, is the beautiful Monument of Mr. Matthews the 1ſt Husband of Iſabel before-mention'd, he dy'd April 6, 1697.

THE Burial Place of Timothy Daviſon, Alderman, ſometime Mayor of this Town and Governour of the Merchant's Company, and Elizabeth his Wife, by whom he had Iſſue 16 Children, of which ſurvived them 6 Sons and four Daughters; ſhe departed this Life the 10th Day of September, 1694, and he the 20th Day of December 1696, in the 55th Year of his Age.

HERE lyeth the Body of Robert White, Merchant, he departed October, 1644.

THE Burial Place of Sir Ralph Jenniſon of Elſwick, in the County of Northumberland, Knt. ſometime Mayor of this Town. Obijt tertio die Aprilis Anno 1701, Aetat. ſuae 88.

THE Burial Place of Mr. John Stephenſon, Merchant Adventurer, who died the 20th of April 1725.

ROBERT Bulman, Feltmaker, 16 May, 1716. Rachael his Daughter, who was Wife of William Henderſon, Upholſter, died 22d of Aug. 1730.

THE Burial Place of John Ogle, Eſq his Daughter Mary Liſle, Relict of Robert Liſle, of Hazon, Eſq dyed 19th December, 1728.

ROGER Rawe, twice Mayor of this Town, 1596.

ROBERT Barker, ſometime Mayor of this Town, and his four Wives; he departed the 4th of Auguſt, 1588.

[64] RALPH Cocke, Eſq Alderman, and ſometime Mayor of this Town, 27 Jan. 1652, his four Daughters ſurvived him, and Judith his Wife, viz. Dorothy, Jane, Ann, Barbary: The Wives of Mark Milbank, William Carr, Thomas Daviſon, Henry Marley, Merchants.

ROBERT Jenniſon, Merchant, 27 October, 1668.

FRANCIS Brandling.

WILLIAM Carr, Merchant Adventurer, and Jane his Wife, by whom he had Iſſue 11 Children; he departed April 14th, 1660; ſhe departed Jan. 31, 1666.

BARTRAM Anderſon, Merchant Adventurer, June 24, 1605.

JESU have Mercy of the Sawlles of Hendry Anderſon, M. A. ſometime Mayor of this Town, 1562.

ISABELL Anderſon, his Wife, was buried under the next Stone to him; ſhe dyed in Auguſt, 1582.

BERTRAM Anderſon, Merchant Adventurer, Auguſt, 1606.

MARK Shafto, Merchant Adventurer, ſometime Mayor of this Town, April, 1593.

UNDER the ſame lye — Shafto, who dyed December, 1581, and Robert Shafto, Alderman, of this Town, who dyed September, 1623.

JESU have Mercy of the Soul of Mark.

SIR Peter Riddell, Knight, Twice Mayor of this Town, 18th April, 1641.

LANCELOT Hodgſhon, 1667; Margaret, his Wife, Daughter to Sir Thomas Haggerſton, Baronet, departed 1663.

SOUTH-ISLE.

IN this Iſle, oppoſite to the Altar, againſt the Wall of the Church, is a beautiful and curious Monument of William Hall, Eſq ſometime Mayor of this Town, and Jane, his Wife, which was erected in Commemoration of them, by Sir Alexander Hall, Knight, their only ſurviving Son. At the Top of the Monument is the Arms of their Family, with an Angel on each Side of them. The Body of the Monument has on each Side of it a Pillar, of the Corinthian Order; between which is the Repreſentation of a Desk, with open Books upon it, and he on the one Side of it, and his Wife on the other, in the Poſture of Prayer, kneeling before it, with their folded Hands upon the Books: Below this are the Effigies of their Children, in the ſame Poſture; one of which is repreſented kneeling alone, at one Side of a Desk, with an open Book upon it; and other Five on the other Side of it, kneeling one after another: The Former, I take to be deſign'd for their Son, the other for their Daughters. Below theſe again, is the following Inſcription; Gulielmus Hall, Armiger quondam Major hujus villae & Jana Uxor ejus Chariſſima; faelice prole ditati, Juxta hoc Monumentum in Domino requieſcunt. Ille viceſimo Octavo die Julii Anno Domini 1631, Aetatis ſuae 63. Illa duodecimo die Auguſti Anno Domini 1613, Aetatis 36. In quorum memoriam Alexander Hall eques [...]ratus unicus corum filius ſuperſtes hoc merito poſuit.

WILLIAM Bonner, ſometime Sheriff of this Town, Jan. 22. 1626.

JAMES Coward Glaſier.

WILLIAM Grey, Eſq 1707.

[65] GEORGE Dawſon, Alderman.

EDWARD Johnſon, Alderman, and ſometime Mayor, March 12, 1726, aged 69.

JESU have Mercy on the Sowlle of Edward Surtis, Merchant-Adventurer.

THOMAS Gibſon, Maſon, Feb. 7th, 1699.

PRAY for the Sawlle of John Todd, Mer. Ad. and Elizabeth, his Wiyf, Daughter was unto Wm. — Merchant, and his Children.

IN this Iſle againſt one of the Pillars is a Marble Monument with this Inſcription.

  • Memoria
  • Patricii Crowe
  • olim de
  • Aſhlington Armigeri.
  • Cujus Corpus haud procul
  • Marmore Iſto Sepultum Jacet.
  • Obijt die Januarij
  • Triceſimo Primo
  • Anno Domini
  • M:D:CXCIV.

MR. Chapman's Stone, Mr. Wilkinſon's Place, Henry Chapman, Merchant Adventurer, Alderman, and 4 Times Mayor of this Town; Alderman likewiſe of the famous City of London, and one of the Commiſſioners for the Realm of England to treat with Commiſſioners of Scotland for the Wealth of both Kingdoms; departed to the Mercy of God the 1ſt of April, 1623.

ROGER, Jane, Suſannah, and Thomas, the Children of James Clevering, Merchant Adventurer, and ſometimes Mayor of this Town: Roger departed 1592, Jane 1592, Suſannah 1599, Thomas 1602.

MICHAEL Kirlair, Mer. Ad. 31 July 1620.

THOMAS Bowes, Mer. Ad. he departed 1593, his Wife Agnes, 1624.

HENRY Bowes, Mer. Ad.

ROBERT Bower, Mer. Ad. 1621.

WILLIAM Johnſon, Alderman and ſometime Mayor, departed 1678.

ROBERT Ledgard, Draper.

WILLIAM Sheerwood, Mer. Ad.

THIS is the new burial Place of Alderman Sowerbie.

HUMPHRY Pibus, Mer. Ad. April 1691.

HIS Daughter Elizabeth, was the Wife of John March, Vicar of this Town, ſhe departed in April 1680; he the 2d of December 1692.

ROBERT Heſſilrigg, March 28, 1728.

RICHARD Wright, Sheriff, 1671.

THIS is now the burial Place of Mr. Roger Wilſon, Merchant.

[66]A Stone dated 1531.

WILLIAM Jackſon, ſometime Sheriff, 1630.

ON the North-ſide of this South-Iſle, at the South-end of the Organ Gallery is the Monument of the Family of the Maddiſons. It is very beautifull, ſumptuous, and magnificent. The Statues are ſo devoutly poſtur'd on bended Knees, with uplifted Hands, that whilſt we view them with our outward Eyes, we are inwardly ſtruck with a Religious Awe, and ſecret Wiſhes after Piety and Devotion.

AT the Top of it, which is pretty high, are three Statues; that on the Weſt in a ſitting Poſture, with a Croſs in the left Hand, and a Book in the Right, is the Repreſentation of Faith; that on the Eaſt in a ſitting, expecting Poſture, with an Anchor at her Feet, is the Repreſentation of Hope, and that in the ſtanding Poſture, with a Flaming Heart in her Hand, (the Emblems of Action, and Fervency and Love) is the Repreſentation of Charity. Above the Statue on the Eaſt, is Memorare Noviſſima, and above that on the Weſt, Memoriae ſacrum.

BELOW theſe three Statues, is the Body of the Monument, having in it 6 large and beautiful Statues, three Men and three Women, on their bended Knees, with folded Hands in the Poſture of Prayer; who theſe are deſigned for may be eaſily learned from the Inſcriptions below; the Lady of the Weſtend, which has on the right Hand of her a Pillar of the Corinthian Order, is Elizabeth the Wife of Henry Maddiſſon; The Gentleman next to her is Henry her Husband; for he is cloathed in the Scarlet-Gown of the Aldermen of Newcaſtle, becauſe he was ſometime Mayor of this Town. Next to him is his Father Lionel Maddiſon, cloathed in the ſame Manner (for he was thrice Mayor of this Town) kneeling before a Desk, with an open Book on it; on the other Side of this Desk is his Wife Jane, kneeling in the ſame Manner, with her face to him; next to her, is their Son John, who died in the Expedition to Cadix, and who is therefore cloathed in Armour. Then we have the oppoſite Pillar of the Corinthian Order, on the other Side of which is the Effigies of one of Henry's Daughters, probably Barbara, who dyed at the Age of 17 Years, as is ſaid on an adjoining Stone.

The Inſcription. Here reſts in Chriſtian Hope the Bodies of Lionel Maddiſon, Son of Rowland Maddiſon, of the County of Durham, Eſq and of Jane his Wife; ſhe died July the 9th, 1611, he having been thrice Mayor of this Town, departed December 6th, 1624, aged 94 Years, he lived to ſee his only Son Henry Father to a fair and numerous Iſſue; here interr'd alſo are the Bodies of Henry Maddiſon, and Elizabeth his Wife, Daughter of Robert Barker of this Town, who lived together moſt comfortably 40 Years, he was ſometime Mayor of this Town, and having lived in good Name and Fame 60 Years, deceaſed in the true Faith of Chriſt the 14th of July 1634. Elizabeth his only Wife, had Iſſue by him ten Sons, (viz.) Sir Lionel Maddiſon, Knight, Sir Lionel Maddiſon, Knight, Ralph, Robert, William, Henry, Peter, George, Timothy, and Thomas, and Six Daughters, Jane, Suſan, Elizabeth, Barbara, Eleanor, and Jane, all the Sons at his Death were living; but John who died in his Expedition to Cadix. She lived his Widow 19 Years, died 1653.

Below the Inſcription, under Elizabeth is ‘Animae ſuper Aethera vivunt.’

Under Henry and Lionel, ‘Decus vitae eſt Honorata Mors.’

[67] Under Jane and John, ‘Beati mortui in Domino moriuntur.’

And under Barbara, ‘Serius aut metam Properamus a unam.’

THE ſmaller Statues ſurrounding the Tomb, are deſigned for the Children of the Family.

THE whole is ſurrounded with a ſtrong Iron Rail, as being one of the greateſt Monumental Ornaments of the Church.

THIS Tomb was about two Years ago clean'd and beautified at the Expence of Mr. Robert Percival, whom we have commemorated amongſt the Benefactors of St. John's Church.

LIONEL Maddiſon, Mer. Ad. Mayor of this Town, July 1624.

JANE Tempeſt, Wife of William Tempeſt, Eſq ſecond Son of Sir Nicholas Tempeſt, Knt. and Bart, and Daughter to Henry Maddiſon, ſometime Mayor, departed 29th December 1616, Aetat. 20.

BARBARA Maddiſon, Daughter of the ſaid Henry Maddiſon, 1617, aged 17 Years.

On Mr. Forſter's Stone.

Ive kept the Faith a good Fight fought have I,
My God and Sovereign ſerv'd here quartered lie;
With Duſt disbanded 'till the laſt Trump hence,
Rally theſe Atombs by it's Influence,
Then with the Loyal Bands received I may
A Crown of Glory for the general pay.

THOMAS Loraine, Eſq his Epitaph. About the Border,

Hic jacet Thomas Loraine olim de
Kirkharle Armiger qui obijt viceſſimo
quarto die Octobris, Aetatis ſuae 35 Anno Domini
MDCXLIX.

Upon the Copper Plate,

Ite precor, Muſae, vos & Dolor iſte requirit
Iſte Labor circum tempora Taxus eat
Plangite Solicitis Moerentia Pectoni Palmis
Rumpat & Ornatus quique [...] ſuos
Publica quippe vocat clamantia publica virtus
Hujus erat [...] hic Dolor [...] minor
Fata Magiſtratum rapiunt cum ferrea Regnum
Debilitant Mundum cum rapuere bonos
Et bonus & Laurus modo cum deceſſerit orbis
Non ſatis ad Fletus, ſi Lachrimarit, erit.
St. MARY's PORCH.
[68]
P. M.

ALEXANDRI Daviſon Equitis Aurati & Annae Filliae Radulphi Cocke, ejus Conjugis Chariſſimae.

Ex qua Filios quinque, Thomam equitem auratum; Radulphum Daviſon de Thornley, Samuelem Daviſon de Wingate Grange, Joſephum Centurionem cordatum (in hujus oppidi contra Scotos Rebelles propugnatione ſtrenui ad mortem uſ (que) Dimicantem hic juxta tumulatum) Edwardum Mercatorem Caelibem, defunctum,

Filias etiam Binas
Barbaram primo Radulpho Calverley
deinde Thomae Riddell de Fenham in Comitatu Northumbriae Equitibus auratis,
ac Margaretam Henrico Lambton, armigero Enuptas, Suſcitavit.
Qui quidem Alexander Graſſante tunc conjuratione perfidiſſima,
Optimo Regi, Cauſae (que) Regiae ſemper
Fideliſſimus
Gravem rei familiaris Jacturam Maximo animo perpeſſus,
tandem (que) in hujus Novicaſtri obſidione cum Scotorum Rebellium exercitu
irruenti magnanimiter Confligens,
Noviſſimum Spiritum (octogenarius fere) fortiter effudit.
Undecimo die Menſis Novembris anno ab Incarnatione Domini 1644 hoc monumentum poſuit Thomas Primogenitus
Eques Auratus
M. S.

Egregio Adoleſcenti Thomae Hamiltono, animi Indole, forma Corporis & robore praecaeteris inſigni, Domini Patricii Hamiltonii a Preſton filio digniſſimo a nobiliſſima familia Hadingtonia oriundo, Centurioni ſub Domino Alexandro Leſlaeo Exercitus Scoticani Faederis Imperatore, excellentiſſimo Domino Alex. Hamiltonus Rei Tormentariae praefectus, Avuunculus Maerens poſuit,

Cum totius exercitus Panctu Maximo obijt Anno Domini 1640 Octobris 29.

Aetatis ſuae 20.
The Motto of the Coat of Arms above,
Mihi Palma Cupreſſus.

SIR Richard Stote's Burial Place.

Quinto Die Februarii Anno, 1615 Richardus Stote quondam hujus Villae Mercator obijt.

Decimo ſexto Die Aprilis Anno 1589 Hellinor Uxor ejus 2, ex hac vita deceſſit.

In Sacra Memoria Parentum ſuorum Edvardus Stote hoc Monumentum poſuit.

Richardus Stote, Miles, Serviens Domini Regis Caroli Secundi ad Legem objit viceſſimo quinto die Decembris. Anno Domini 1682.

Near this Place is interr'd the Body of Joſeph Huddldleſton late Citizen and Fiſhmonger of London, (Second Son of Andrew Hudleſton of Huttonjohn in the County of Cumberland, Eſq) who departed this Life the 14th of June Anno Dom' 1679. He married Mary Daughter of John Emmerſon, Merchant, ſometime Mayor of this Town, and by her had iſſue Joſeph (who dy'd in his Infancy) and Dorothy who ſurvives.

[69]UNDER the South Window of this Porch lies the Effigies of a Man, at his full length with his Legs acroſs, and his Dog at his feet, having his Eſcutcheon of Arms and Sword. This we are inform'd was the Faſhion of burying thoſe only, who took upon them the Croſs, and were mark'd with the Badge of the Croſs, for ſacred Warfare, in recovering the Holy-Land from the Turks.

HE is ſuppoſed to have been one of the Family of the Scroopes.

JOHN Lawſon, Eſq of Cramlington in the County of Northumberland, 5th Nov. 1680.

ANTHONY Iſaacſon, Eſq

ROBERT Roddam, Alderman, and ſometime Mayor of this Town, July 1682.

JONATHAN his Son, ſometime Mayor of Newcaſtle, dyed 21ſt Auguſt, 1712. he left Iſſue by Jane his Wife a Son and a Daughter.

THE Burial Place of Paul Cook, Joyner.

JOHN Emmerſon, ſometime Mayor, dy'd

THOMAS Jenniſon, ſometime Mayor, departed, December, Anno 1676.

ISABEL Riddel, 1663.

RICHARD Huddleſton and Elizabeth his Wife, he dy'd June 1707, ſhe 1730, aged 82 Years.

CHRISTOPHER Nicholſon, Alderman, departed 29th Sept. 1670, in the 68th Year of his age.

AGAINST the Wall ſtands a Monument of Michael Welden, Son of Michael Welden of Welden, Eſq and Sarah his Wife, who departed this Life 3d Ap. 1680.

St. MARGARET's Chantery.

THE Burial Place of the Family of the Bewicks.

Weſt-End of the CHURCH.

THE Burial Place of William Errington, Maſter and Mariner.

JOHN Gill.

WILLIAM Boutflower, Merchant Adventurer.

In the MIDDLE-ISLE.

THE Burial Place of William Rutter, Merchant Adventurer.

At the Eaſt-End of the MIDDLE-ISLE.

RICHARD Wright, Merchant Adventurer, and ſometime Sheriff, departed this Life, 5th May 1671.

[70] CUTHBERT Elliſon, Merchant Adventurer. Now the Burial Place of Mr. Richard Wall, deſcended from the Elder Brother of Robert and Benjamine Elliſon.

THE Burial Place of Robert Elliſon, Merchant Adventurer, ſometime Sheriff, he dyed Jan. 12th, 1677.

THE Burial Place of Benjamine Elliſon, who departed this Life 25th June, 1676.

ABRAHAM Anderſon, Merchant.

JOSEPH Elliſon, Merchant, who dyed 21ſt of Jan. 1686.

In the NORTH-ISLE.

THOMAS Partis, Tobacconiſt, who died 9th May, 1684.

THE Burial Place of Roger Ive, Citizen and Stationer of London, who died 6th Auguſt 1675.

ROGER Procter, Merchant Adventurer, who died 20th Nov. 1664. Now Mr. Mallburne's Burial Place.

JOHN Winſhip, Tanner, 1607.

AGAINST the North-wall a Monument of Major Robert Bugg, Citizen and Habberdaſher of London, who died 22d May 1688.

GEORGE Winfield, Merchant Adventurer, Alderman, and twice Mayor, died 18th Nov. 1684.

MICHAEL Hall, Gentleman, 25th July 1647.

NICHOLAS Stricker, who died Aug. 5th, 1689.

BARBARA Riddell, Wife to William Riddell, Merchant, and ſometimes Mayor, 1627.

St. GEORGE's PORCH.

SAMUEL Gill, Eſq who died 26th Oct. 1720.

WILLIAM Warriner, 1706.

Marlay, Eſq 1676. Now Mr. Perith's.

ANOTHER of John Marlay, Merchant, who departed October 1561.

UNDER which lyes alſo William Marlay, who departed 16th Jan. 1609.

AND alſo Sr. John Marley, Knight, Son of William, who had been 5 Times Mayor, and departed Anno 1673, aged 83 Years and 3 Days.

JESU have Mercy on George Byrde's Soul, is on the Border of Matſen's Stone.

MATTHEW Matſen, Merchant Adventurer, died 1ſt October 1697.

TIMOTHY Robſon, Alderman, twice Mayor, departed 30th Dec. 1700.

[71]THE Burial Place of George Heron, Merchant. On the Top of which Stone is, Jeſu have Mercy on the Soul of John Ord.

ON the Wall a handſome Marble Monument, on which is the following Inſcription;

Hic Sitae ſunt exuviae
Roberti Shafto Equitis aurati,
Nee non ad legem Servientis
Et hujus Municipij, Propraetoris
In Deſideratiſſimi Patris Memoriam
Hoc Mamor Poſuit Unicus Defuncti ſilius
Marcus Shafto de Whitworth
In Comitatu Dunelmen Arm.
Obijt Maij XXI
A.D. M:DCCV
Vixit annos LXXII.

MATTHEW Jefferſon, ſometime Mayor of this Town, departed March 1ſt, 1687.

In the QUIRE.

THE Burial Place of Nicholas Ridley, Eſq twice Mayor of this Town, and Governour of the Merchant's Company, and Martha his Wife, by whom he had Iſſue 9 Children, viz, John, Mary, Richard, Ann, Nicholas, Edward, Ann, Martha and John: He departed this Life the 22d. of January 1710, John their eldeſt Son dyed April the 14th, 1686.

M. S.
Janae
Yeldardi Alvey
Hujus Eccleſiae Vicarii
Uxori Lectiſſ. & dilectiſſ. Decem Liberorum
Utriuſ (que) Sexus aequaliter Faecundae Matri
Cultu in Deum,
Obſequio in Maritum
Pietate in prolem, dilectione in Proximum
Charitate in Pauperes, ad exemplum celebri,
Quae Poſtquam 34 Aetat. Ann.
Compleviſſet
Pie & Placide in Domino
Obdormivit
Denata eſt tempore Antelucano Magni
Paſchatis ſeſti 1643
Maritus maerens hoc in amoris aeternum
Duraturi Teſtimonium merito
Poſuit.

Radulphus Jenniſon quondam Major hujus Oppidi qui tempore Praeſeturae ſuae e vivis deceſſit Anno Domini 1597 hoc tumulo ſepultus Jacet.

Prudens, Pacificus I argus juſtuſ (que) piuſ (que)
Sydera qui quaerit, ſis Ubi quaerit Ubi
Jacet & hic Robertus Filius ejus, quandam
Theologiae Doctor & Miniſter verbi Dei.

[72]MR. Thomas Robinſon's Burial Place.

Here Lyeth buried under this Stone
Of John Bennet both body and bone
Late of theſe North Parts, Maſter of the Ordinance,
Which deceaſed by God's Providence,
The Eight Day of the Month of July,
In perfect Faith Love and Charity;
A thouſand five hundred ſixty and Eight
Whoſe Soul to Heav'n he truſted went ſtreight
Through God's great Mercy, Bloodſhed and Death
Which only he truſted to during his Breath,
So truſt we his Wife and Children that cauſed this
And Captain Carvel, a Friend of his.

HERE lyeth the Body of Sir William Blacket, Bart. Alderman and ſometime Mayor of this Town, and Burgeſs in Parliament for this Corporation, and Dame Elizabeth his Wife, by whom he had Iſſue 9 Children, of which ſurvived him 3 Sons and 3 Daughters, viz. Edward, Michael, William, Elizabeth, Iſabel and Chriſtian; ſhe departed this Life the 7th of April, 1674, and he the 16th of May, 1680. Michael his Son, ſometime Alderman, departed this Life the 26th Day of April, 1683; who had Elizabeth only, ſhe departed this Life the 12th Day of January, 1677.

THE Burial Place of John Rumney, Merchant.

THE Burial Place of William Jenniſon, Merchant Adventurer.

WILLIAM, Iſabel, Edward, Chriſtian, Michael, John, William, and Chriſtopher, the Children of William Blacket, Alderman, and Elizabeth his Wife. John buried the 4th of May, 1654, William buried the 9th of Auguſt, 1954, Chriſtopher buried the 8th Day of July, 1678.

IN this North Part of the Church of St. Nicholas was a Shrine of Henry Earl of Northumberland, who in the 4th of Henry the 7th was Lieutenant of Yorkſhire, and being commanded by the King to levy thoſe Monies which were then extorted from the Country to carry on the War of Britany; the Vulgar conceiving him to be the Cauſe of that Task, tumultuouſly murdered him at Cockledge, near Threske, eighteen Miles north of York, upon the Day of St. Vitalis the Martyr; whereupon he was buried at Beverley, where he hath a ſtately Monument, but much defaced. This is Shrine at preſent much more ſo, being no where to be met with; bul Grey tells us, that in this Part of the Church there was ſuch a Monument in his Time, that was made in Memory of him in his own Country; he having a Houſe in this Town and Pariſh, and that Part of the Inſcription upon it was, Orate pro anima Hemici Percy 4 Northumbriae qui per Rebbelium Manus occabuit, &c.

THE Milbank Manuſcript ſays it was in the north Corner of the Church: That it was a Monument of Wood; on which was painted an old Man, our Saviour on his right Hand, and the Virgin Mary on his Left. There came a Labil from her Mouth, but what it was this Authority had forgot; but that from our Saviour's was Quaeſo Patri ſac, qued rog it mea Mater.

THEN followed ſome Latin Verſes, done in the rhiming Way of the Monks, but they are ſo dark and obſcure, that little can be made of them. the Manuſcript goes on; When Mr. William Selby was buried, this Monument was removed out of that Corner, and Sir George Selby did ſet his magnificent Tomb there. Alter that it was placed againſt the Wall, next to Sir George's Tomb, and ſo continued 'till Mr. Lane. Hodſhon got leave of Vicar Nailor to remove it and place his Father. Where it is now I know not.

[73] Grey tells us, that the Parſon of the Town is the Biſhop of Carliſle, who hath his Vicar or Subſtitute. How this Biſhop came to have this Living in his Gift, I have ſhewed in the Beginning of our Account of this Church.

UPON this Church depend the other Churches; for the Vicar has Dues from them all: And yet they are each of them a diſtinct Pariſh from St. Nicholas.

THIS Vicarage is reckoned 150 l. per Ann. and the Corporation makes an annual Addition of 90 l. per Ann. to it, which was granted by this generous and worthy Body, that the Vicar might live in a more plentiful and hoſpitable Manner than he could otherwiſe do. The Vicar's Aſſiſtant in this Church is the Curate of it; who is ſtiled in an ancient Writing the Pariſh Prieſt, abſque Impedimento Vicarii aut Presbyteri Parochialis. Lib. Cart. 124. He receives from the Vicar 4 l. per Ann. from the Town 35 l. per Ann. and from the Crown 6 l. 16 s. 8 d. beſides the ſtated Fees of the Church.

IN the Year 1724, the upper Clerk of this Church dy'd (for it had been the Cuſtom to have two) Upon which it was thought more beneficial to the Pariſh to have an Aſſiſtant to the Curate, which was accordingly done in the Month of October, the ſame Year. His Salary ariſes from the Fees of the Clerkſhip. The Lecturer of this Church, whoſe Duty is to preach on the Sunday afternoon, has a Salary of 100 l. per Ann. paid him by the Corporation.

ALL the Vicars, Curates, and Lecturers of this Church, that I have met with, are theſe following,

Magiſter Joannes de Hirlaw Vicarius in the Reign of Edward 3d.

MATTHEW Bolton, 1374.

NICHOLAS de S. 1401.

ROGERUS de Thresh, 1418.

JOHN Heyworth, 1436.

WILLIAM Clym, 1438.

THOMAS Harelred, 9th Hen. 7th.

JOHN Sanderſon before the Year 1532.

JOHN Heron, Ob. 1543. he alienated the Tythe of Cramlington, for a Cheeſe, and a Couple of Capons to be tendred May the 9th, in St. Nicholas Church Porch.

HENRY Aglionby, 1543.

WILLIAM Purge, 1549.

WILLIAM Salkeld, A. M. Sepult. Auguſt 25, 1568.

JOHN Magrey, 1568.

RICHARD Holdſworth, 1585, he was buried at St. Nicholas, Sept. 5, 1594.

THE Worſhipful Dr. Morton, Archdeacon of Durham, and Vicair of Newcaſtle, was buried at Newcaſtle, July 18th, 1620.

[74] HENRY Pool, Vicar, was buried at St. Nicholas's, Sept. 3d, 1623.

DR. Jackſon, Vicar, he left the Vicarage, and dyed in the South of England, Anno 1640, Eachard the Hiſtorian gives this Character of him.

‘DR. Thomas Jackſon, the Ornament of the Univerſity of Oxford, was Preſident of Corpus Chriſti College, and Dean of Peterborough, he was a Man of great Piety and Worth, Induſtry and Ability, a great Maſter of the Fathers, and profoundly read in Theology, as appears from his many learned Treatiſes.’

YEILDARD Alvey, Vicar, was buried at St. Nicholas, 1648, he ſucceeded in the Vicarage of Newcaſtle in the Year 1630, when the moſt learned Dr. Jackſon was elected Preſident of Corpus Chriſti College, in Oxford, his Sufferings began very early in the Troubles,Vide Ann. 1645. as I find by a Letter of his, written to his Grace the Archbiſhop of Canterbury, and dated from York, Oct. 16, 1640, wherein he ſets forth what he then had ſuffer'd, in the following Manner. I am for the preſent outed of all my ſpiritual Promotions, to the yearly Value of 300 l. and have moſt of my moveable Goods ſeized upon by the Rebels, being forc'd (upon ſome threatning Speeches given out by them, that they would deal more rigourouſly with me than others) ſuddenly to deſert all, and to provide for the Safety of my ſelf, Wife, and ſeven Children, by a ſpeedy Flight in the Night-time; how they would have dealt with me they have ſince made evident, by their harſh dealing with two of my Curates, whom I left to officiate for me in my Abſence; who have not only been interrupted in reading Divine Service; but threatn'd to be Piſtol'd, if they would not deſiſt from the Execution of their Office: And whereas I had lately purchaſed 60 Pounds per Annum in Northumberland, and hoped to have been ſupplied that Way in theſe calamitous Times, 'till I might with Safety return; they have, ſince I preſented my Petition to his Majeſty, ſeized upon that alſo, and commanded my Servant to be accountable to them for it: This is my Caſe at this Time. Afterwards, as might be expected, it was far worſe, for, as I am otherwiſe inform'd he was not only pull'd out of this Pulpit by two Holy Siſters, but impriſon'd at Newcaſtle, at Holy-Iſland, and at Norwich; his Family increas'd under his Troubles, if I miſtake not, to ten Children, (for ſo many I find his Wife bore him in all) which were reduced to great Streights, and ſubſiſted in good meaſure by Charity; I perceive by the Letter abovementioned, that he had been active as well as paſſive in the Service of his Majeſty; by both which Means he had ſo far recommended himſelf to the Favour and Eſteem of that Prince, that he had deſign'd ſome Reward for him, which in all Probability the Rebellion prevented the King from beſtowing. Nor did Mr. Alvey live to receive it from his royal Son, on the Reſtoration, for his Death happened in the Year, 1648, and was haſtened, as 'tis thought, by his Sufferings. He was a very Honeſt Good Man, and a true Son of the Church of England; as, I am told, appears by a little Tract which he wrote, and which I have not yet been able to get a Sight of, intitled, The Humble Confeſſion and Vindication of them who ſuffer'd much, and ſtill ſuffer, under the Name of Malignants and Delinquents, Publiſh'd in 1647.

DR. Robert Jeniſon, 1645, buried at St. Nicholas, November 8, 1652.

SAMUEL Hammond, 1652, he left the Vicarage upon the Reſtoration.

JOHN Knightbridge.

THOMAS Nayler, 1662, buried at St. Nicholas, April 15th, 1679.

JOHN March, Vicar, B. D. he was born in this Town. He was an admirable Scholar, a Man of ſtrict Piety, and a moſt powerful Preacher. The laſt Sermon he preached was in the Epiſtle to the Hebrews, 2d Chap. V 3d. How ſhall we eſcape if we neglect ſo great Salvation? He preached it on the Sunday Morning, and on the Sunday following was buried.

[75]THIS Sermon, together with eleven more, were publiſhed and recommended to the World by Dr. Scot, the Author of the Chriſtian Life. There were ſeveral other Sermons of his publiſhed in his Life-time, (viz.) one intitled The falſe Prophet unmask'd, or, The Wolf ſtrip'd of his Sheep's Cloathing, preached on the 30th of January, 1683, before the Mayor and Aldermen of this Town, and dedicated to them, another on the 30th Jan. 1676/7, dedicated to the Mayor and Magiſtrates. Another upon the 29th May, 1684, dedicated alſo to them, &c. He was buried at St. Nicholas, Dec. 4, 1692.

LEONARD Welſtead, Vicar, was buried at St. Nicholas's, Nov. 15th, 1694.

NATHANIEL Elliſon, D. D. Vicar, died May 4th, 1721, and was buried at. St. Nicholas's. He was born in this Town. He was a Man of good Learning, and an exemplary Life; and was looked upon to be one of the beſt of Pariſh Prieſts, for his Conſtancy and Uſefulneſs in Preaching; he was beſides Vicar of Newcaſtle, Archdeacon of Stafford, Rector of Whitburne, in the Country of Durham, and Prebendary of Durham.

IN the Year 1700, he Publiſh'd at London a Sermon preached before the Mayor and Magiſtrates of this Town at St. Nicholas's Church, October 8th, 1699, being the Sunday after the Election of the Mayor. It was Entituled, The Magiſtrates Obligation to puniſh Vice.

IN the Year 1701, his Sermon of Confirmation, preached June 23, 1700, before the Lord Crew, Biſhop of Durham, at St. Nicholas's Church in this Town, was printed at London.

IN the Year 1710 he printed his Sermon at London, which was preached at Ali-hallows Church, on All-Saints Day, 1709, at the Opening of a Charity-School in that Pariſh. It is Entitled, The Obligations and Opportunities of doing Good to the Poor.

WILLIAM Bradford, M. A. of Bennet College, Cambridge, ſucceeded Dr. Elliſon in this Vicarage. He was Son to Samuel, the late Biſhop of Rocheſter. He dyed July 15th, 1728. in the 32d Year of his Age, and was buryed in Weſtminſter Abbey. A little before his Death he was preferr'd to the Archdeaconry of Rocheſter. He was univerſally beloved, being a Man of great Humanity and Condeſcention, and of an open generous Temper; and very much lamented at his Death on account of theſe, and his many other good Qualities. He was ſucceeded in the Vicarage by

THOMAS Turnor, A. M. of St. John's College, in Cambridge, the preſent Vicar.

The CURATES.

CHRISTOPHER Forſter, Curate, 1629

NICHOLAS Stote, 1663.

RALPH Aſtell, 1667.

WlLLIAM Drake, 1678, A. M.

FRANCIS Woodmas, M. A. afterwards Vicar of Bedlington, famous for his Skill in the Greek Tongue.

MICHAEL Fenwick, M. A. afterwards Rector of Long-Newton, in the County of Durham.

[76] EDMUND Lodge, removed to the Maſterſhip of the Grammar School of this Town, 1716, and was ſucceeded by

JOHN Cowling, M. A. of St. Peter's College, Cambridge, the preſent Curate.

LECTURERS.

THOMAS Stephenſon reſigned 1639.

JOHN Bewick, 1639.

DR. George Wiſhart, 1643.

CUTHBERT Sydenbam and William Durant, 1645.

CUTHBERT Sydenbam, alone, 1648.

JOHN Tyleſley removed.

JOHN Knightbridge, 1656.

DR. Wiſhart again 1660.

HE was a Native of the Kingdom of Scotland; and was by the Houſe of Commons (June 18th, 1642) reſolved unfit to be Lecturer of St. Nicholas; and ſoon after, as I preſume, turned out of that Place. He was plunder'd alſo, and ſuffer'd a long and tedious Impriſonment, in the naſtieſt Part of the Tolbooth at Edinburgh, called the Thieves-hole. After his Sequeſtration, having returned into his own Country, he became Miniſter of the Church of St. Andrew; at length accompanied the noble Marquiſs of Montroſs in his Conqueſt of Scotland, and upon the Declenſion of that immortal Perſon, became Chaplain to the Queen of Bohemia. On the Reſtoration of his Majeſty he returned to his Lecture of Newcaſtle, where he continued in great Eſteem and Veneration for his unſpotted Loyalty, until 1662, at which Time he was promoted to the Biſhoprick of Edinburgh, where he dyed about the middle of the Year, 1671. He was a Perſon of great Religion, and very charitable to the Poor; and having been a Priſoner, he was always careful at each Dinner that he made, to ſend the firſt Diſh from his Table to the Priſoners. He wrote the Compleat Hiſtory of the Wars, &c. under the Marquiſs of Montroſs.

JOHN Bewick again, 1662.

WILLIAM Mair, 1671.

JOHN March, afterwards Vicar, 1676.

JOHN Rawlet, M. A. 1679. He was a very pious and Charitable Man. He ſeem'd to have imitated the Example of Oneſiphorus to St. Paul, in making it his Buſineſs to find out the Sick and Needy, that he might have the Pleaſure and Happineſs of aſſiſting them. For he ſought them out very diligently and found them, and therefore the Lord will ſhew Mercy unto him in that Day.

HE printed ſeveral Things. In the Year 1682, his Sacramental Covenanting, at London. His Solomon's Preſcription againſt the Plague, in the Year 1685. His Dialogue between two Proteſtants, in anſwer to a Popiſh Catechiſm, called a Short Catechiſm againſt all Sectaries. A Book of Divine Poems, &c.

JONATHAN Daviſon, 1686.

GEORGE Tully, M. A. 1687.

ROBERT Tomlinſon, D. D. 1695; Now Rector of Whickham.

[77] THOMAS Dockwray, M. A. of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1724, the preſent Lecturer.

THE Lecturer of this Church is alſo the Holyday Lecturer, for which this Town allows 20 l. per Annum.

IN theſe Weeks in which are no Holydays, there is a Catechetical Lecture in this Church, for the Inſtruction of the Boys of the Grammar School, and thoſe of the Charity Schools, who are examined in their Turns.

THIS is done by the Vicar, the Morning Lecturer of All-hallows, the Lecturer of St. John's, and the Lecturer of St. Andrew's, in their Order.

THIS Cathechetical Lecture ceaſes during the Seaſons of Advent and Lent, becauſe during theſe Times, there is a Sermon in this Church twice a Week, on the Wedneſday, and Friday, which is preached by the whole Clergy of Town, every one preaching in his Turn and Order.

MORNING and Evening Prayers are every Day read at this Church, at 10 in the Morning and 3 in the Afternoon. The Sacrament of the Lord's Supper is adminiſtred here every firſt Sunday in the Month.

THE Town was wont to make a Preſent to this Church of 13 Gallons of Wine every Year at Eaſter.

LEGACIES left to the POOR of the Pariſh of St. NICHOLAS.

LEFT by Thomas Daviſon, Eſq yearly to be paid in December, as followeth, viz.

 l.s.d.
OUT of a Houſe at the Foot of the Side, the Sum of010300
OUT of a Houſe near the Sandhill Corner000700
OUT of a Houſe on the Sandhill000906
OUT of a Houſe on the Long-Stairs000400
 020306

LEFT by William Carr, Eſq to be paid at 2 Payments, (viz.) St. Eleanor Day, being the 3d Day of May, and St. Martin's Day, the Biſhop, in Winter, as followeth,

OUT of a Houſe in the Bigg-Market,010608
OUT of a Houſe in Gunner-ward001304
 020000

LEFT by Mr. Andrew Aldworth, to be paid at the Feaſt of St. Andrew.

OUT of a Houſe in Akewelgate010000

LEFT by Sir William Blacket, Bart, to be paid in December,

OUT of a Houſe at the Bridge-end020000
LEFT by Mr. Robert Elliſon the Sum of330608

THE Intereſt yearly to be paid to the Vicar and Church-wardens.

THIS was put into the Hands of John Bourne upon his own Bond, who failing, both Principal and Intereſt were loſt. The laſt Intereſt was paid A. D. 1708.

LEFT by Henry Hilton, of Hilton, Eſq by his laſt Will, dated Feb. 26th, 1640, yearly to be paid at Michaelmas, the Sum of060000
REDUC'D by Act of Parliament to040000

LEFT by Sir Alexander Daviſon, Sir Thomas Daviſon, William Carr, Eſq Mark Milbank, Eſq John Rumney, Eſq and Sir Mark Milbank, to be paid at two Payments, viz. Lady-day and Michaelmas, as followeth.

Lady-day Payment.
SIR Alexander Daviſon010000
SIR Thomas Daviſon001000
WILLIAM Carr, Eſq001500
MARK Milbank, Eſq011000
JOHN Rumney, Eſq010500
SIR Mark Milbank030000
Michaelmas the ſame Payments for each.
LEFT by John Jefferſon the Sum of020000

THIS is paid yearly in March, by his Executors, as followeth, viz.

MR. Matthew Bowes001304
MRS. Mary Varnel001304
MRS. Elizabeth Brumell001304

LEFT by Timothy Daviſon, Eſq yearly to be paid in December,

OUT of the Merchant's Company010500

LEFT by Mrs. Jane Brokesby a Quit-rent of 20 s. per Ann. out of Houſes in Trinity-Chare, now held by Mr. Fenwick and others.

ALSO 50 l. out of her Lands in Foreſt-hill, to ſecure the Payment of 3 l. per Annum; the ſaid Sum of 4 l. per Annum to be diſtributed at 20 s. per Quarter.

LEFT by Nicholas Ridley, Eſq yearly to be paid in December,

OUT of Grounds in Heaton, the Sum of011000

LEFT by Joſeph Atkinſon, Eſq the Sum of 50 l.

[79]

THE Intereſt yearly to be paid on Sept. 30th021000

LEFT by Matthew White, Eſq yearly to be paid in December,

OUT of a Houſe in Pilgrim-ſtreet, lately in the Poſſeſſion of Thomas Marſhall, the Sum of011000

LEFT by Iſabel Wife of William Wrightſon, Eſq the Sum of 50 l.

THE Intereſt yearly to be paid on Sept. 30021000

LEFT by Leonard Wetherly, Gent, the Sum of 20 l.

THE Intereſt yearly to be paid on Sept. 11th010000

LEFT by Mr. Richard Randal the Sum of 7 l.

LEFT by Mrs. Ann Daviſon the Sum of 200 l. The Intereſt of which to be diſtributed at two Doles, 5 l. each, (viz.) on St. Thomas's Eve, and on the 7th of February.

LEFT by Mr. William Harriſon the Sum of 50 l.

THE Intereſt yearly to be paid on St. Andrew's Day021000

LEFT by Mrs. Margaret Ramſey the Sum of 20 l.

THE Intereſt to be yearly diſtributed for ever010000

LEFT by Mr. James Coward the Sum of 20 l.

THE Intereſt to be yearly diſtributed for ever010000

MRS. Eleanor Allan of the Town and County of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, Widow, did by a Deed of Gift, bearing Date Feb. 20th, 1705, aſſign a Farmhold and Tenant-right, in Walls-end, in the County of Northumberland, held under the Dean and Chapter of Durham, of the yearly Value 61 l. 19 s. 5 d. to Truſtees, in Truſt to herſelf for Life, and after her Death (which happened Jan. 21ſt 1708) for ſetting up a School for teaching 40 Boys and 20 Girls, of the Pariſh of St. Nicholas, and Chapelry of St. John; which was accordingly done, A. D. 1709. The Boys are taught to read, write, and caſt Accompt; and after they have for that End been a ſufficient Time in the School, they are, by the Truſtees for the ſaid School, put out to ſome Trade, or put to Sea, and have 40 s. a-piece allow'd them for that Purpoſe, as alſo a Bible and Common-Prayer bound up together; a whole Duty of Man, and Mr. Lewis's Explanation of the Church Catechiſm. The Girls are taught to read, write, few and knit, and when they are perfect therein, they are put out to Trades, or to Service; and have 20 s. allow'd them, with a Bible, Whole Duty of Man, and Catechiſm, as the Boys. The Boys are taught by a Maſter, who has a Salary of 25 l. per Ann. and 20 s. for Coals. The Girls are taught by a Miſtreſs, who has 10 l. per Ann. and 10 s. for Coals.

A. D. 1718. The Inhabitants, of the Pariſh of St. Nicholas reſolv'd upon an annual Subſcription for Cloathing the poor Children belonging to the ſaid School, and they are accordingly cloathed new every Year upon the firſt Day of May.

THIS Charitable Foundation hath received ſome Addition, by the generous Benefaction of ſome other well diſpoſed Chriſtians; for A. D. 1723 Mr. [80] Gilbert Campel, Inn-holder, in the ſaid Pariſh, left by his Laſt Will 20 l. and Mr. Samuel Nichols, Organiſt of the Pariſh Church of St. Nicholas, left in the ſame Year 10 l. both which Sums of Money are order'd to be put out at Intereſt, for the Benefit of this School.

MRS. — Chiſholm, Widow of the Rev. Mr. Chiſholm, of Wooler, in the County of Northumberland, did A. D. [...], pay to the Corporation of Newcaſtle, the Sum of 500 l. to receive the Intereſt of the ſame to herſelf for Life, and after her Death to go to the Uſe of this School for ever.

NETHER-DEAN-BRIDGE.

DIRECTLY oppoſite to the Eaſt Window of St. Nicholas Church is the Nether-dean-bridge, which you deſcend into by ſome Stairs, that lead from the Church-yard.

IT is called ſo, becauſe it goes over the Dean or Syke lower down the Town than the other Bridge; for as the Higher-bridge has the Name of the Upper-dean-bridge, becauſe it is higher in the Town, ſo this being lower in the Town, has the Name of the Nether-dean-bridge. It is a little narrow Lane which leads into Pilgrim-ſtreet. Formerly, when the Merchants had their Shops and Ware-houſes in the Fleſh-market, the River ebb'd and flow'd above this Bridge, and the Boats came under it with the Wares and Commodities of the Merchants. But it is chiefly Famous becauſe the Roman Wall went along it. It came from the Vicar's Garden, through the Body of St. Nicholas Church, then along this Street, and ſo on into Pandon.

As you deſcend the Stairs afore-mention'd into this Lane, there is an Alms-houſe on the left Hand for two or three poor Women, but it has no Allowance.

CHAP. VIII. Of PILGRIM-STREET.

[81]

THIS Street got it's Name from the Pilgrims, who came from all parts of this Kingdom to worſhip at our Lady's Chapel at Geſmond, or Jeſumunde, or as it is called in ſome ancient Writings Jeſumuth, is it pleaſant Village, on the North-Eaſt of Newcaſtle, Diſtant from it about 2 Miles; it appertained to the Barony of Robert de Gaugy, as appears by a Certificate given in the Third of Hen. the 3d. of ſuch Manours, as his Barony did conſiſt of, for which he was obliged to the Service of Three Knights Fees. Mag. Brit. Vol. 3. Adamus de Athol, who lies buried in the Chapel of the Holy Trinity, in St.Andrew's Church, lived in this Village, and is called Dominus de Jeſmond: The Orde's Family was alſo in Poſſeſſion of it. There are ſtill to be ſeen the Ruins of the Chapel and Hoſpital of our Lady in this Village. The Hoſpital is now a Dwelling-houſe; but the Chapel is chang'd into ſomething worſe, being turn'd into a Stable. I am told, and it is very probable, that this Chapel and Hoſpital are at preſent the Property of Mr. Robert Andrew of Gateſhead. Geſmond.

THERE was an Inn in this Street, which the Pilgrims in their Journey were wont to call at, which occaſioned their conſtant coming up this Street, and ſo it got it's Name of Pilgrim-ſtreet, as the Inn did that of the Pilgrims Inn. As you deſcend this Street, you have on the left Hand a Paſſage to the Carliol-croft, which is a large Field (formerly the Property of the Carliols, now of John Rogers, Eſq) bounded on one Side with the Town's Walls, and on the other by the Gardens on this Side of Pilgrim-ſtreet.

ON that Side of it, next the Town-Wall is a very agreeable Walk, generally frequented in a Summer's Evening by the Gentry of this Part of the Town; The Proſpect of the Gardens, ſome of which are exceeding Curious, affording a good deal of Pleaſure.

THERE is a Paſſage from this Field into the Manour-Chare.

[82] In the Year 1351, Sir In the 23d, 24th, and 25th of Edward the Firſt, Robert de Hilton, of Hilton, in the County Palatine of Durham, had Summons to Parliament amongſt the Barons of this Realm; and in the 4th of Edward the 2d was in that Expedition then made into Scotland. This Robert married Margaret, one of the Three Coheiteſſes to Marmaduke de Thwenge, and left iſſue Two Daughters his Heirs, viz. Iſabel, married to Walter de Penwardyn, and Maud to Hotham. After this, there is mention made of Alexander de Hilton, who in the 7th of Edward the Third, ſerved in the Scottiſh Wars with Ralph Lord Nevil, and had Summons to Parliament in the 6th and 9th of Edward the Third, but no longer. This is in all Probability the ſame Alexander with him above mentioned. The preſent Gentlemen, John Hilton, Eſq a regular Deſcendant of this ancient Family, lives in the Place of his Anceſtors, which he has adorned and Beautified beyond what was done in paſt Ages; in particular the Chapel, famous in this Country for it's Iriſh-Wood, is ſo furniſhed with Place and Books, and other Neceſſaries, that it Merits the Character of a very beautiful Chapel. This Family is the ancienteſt in England, that bears a Coat of Arms. Alexander of Hilton, and Matilda his Wife, the two Patrons of the Chapel of Geſmonde, preſented to it one Sir William of Heighington to be Chaplain, who was accordingly inſtituted by Thomas Hatfield, Biſhop of Durham, and after that inducted; as was atteſted at Auckland, June the 12th, 1351. But on the 27th of the Month following he gave it up, declaring he had no right or Title to it. The Copy of the Original of this Account I had from Dr. Hunter of Durham, and is as follows.

UNiverſis S. Matris filiis, ad quos praeſentes, Literae pervenerint. Thomas permiſſione Divina Dunelm' Epiſcopus ſalutem in amplexibus Salvatoris. Noverit Univerſitas Veſtra quod nos dilectum nobis in Chriſto Dom' Willielmum de Heighyngton Capellanum ad Liberam Capellam de Jeſmuth infra Parochiam Novocaſtri Dunelm' Dioces' ſituatam, ad quam per Dom' Alexandrum, de Hilton Militem & Matildam Uxorem ejus veros Patronos ejuſdem nobis preſentatus exiſtit, admiſſimus & ipſum in capellanum perpetuum ejuſdem Canonice inſtituimus in eadem, ipſum (que) Corporalem poſſeſſionem ejuſdem induci fecimus, cum ſuis juribus & pertinentiis univerſis. In cujus rei Teſtimonium Sigillum noſtrum fecimus hiis aponi. Dat' apud Auckland, 120 Die Menſis Junii Ao Dom' 1351, & noſtrae conſecrationis ſeptimo.

Memorand' quod 27 die Menſis Julii Anno Dom' 1351 infra Manerium de Auckland, Dictus Dominus Willielmus renunciavit omni Juri & omnimodi auctoritati quod & quam in praedicta Capella vel ad eam habuit, ſeu quovis modo habere poterit in futurum, aſſerens ſe nullum habuiſſe unquam nec habere titulum in hac parte.

To this Village it was that a great Number of the People of Newcaſtle, headed by ſome of the Aldermen, and principal Men of the Town, came to kill the Prior of Tinmouth, in the firſt of the Reign of King Henry the Eighth; as may be ſeen in that Year.

In the 3d of Edw. 6th, the Town got a Grant of the Chapel of the Bleſſed Mary of Jeſmond, and ſome Meſſuages and Lands in Jeſmond; under an annual Rent of 3 s. 4 d. payable out of ſome Lands in old Heaton, and the Chapel or Chantery of St. Laurence, with the Meſſuages called St. Laurence and Little St. Anne's Cloſe, and Lands in Byker, then in the Poſſeſſion of Henry Winklive, and Lands in Killingworth, then in the Poſſeſſion of John Humley, an annual Rent 4 s. payable oat of the Lands of the then Chriſtopher Mitford, in Old-Heaton.

Theſe were granted in Conſideration of 144 l. 13 s. 4 d.

In the ſame Year the Mayor and Burgeſſes granted the Hoſpital of the Bleſſed Mary of Jeſmond, with the Lands and Grounds belonging to it, to Sir John Brandling, his Heirs and Aſſigns for ever.

The Gentleman of this Place at preſent is William Coulſon, Eſq who lately built a very pretty Houſe, and accommodated it with Gardens.

St. Mary's Well in this Village, which is ſaid to have had as many Steps down to it, as there are Articles in the Creed, was lately inclos'd by Mr. Coulſon for a Bathing-Place; which was no ſooner done than the Water left it. This occaſioned ſtrange Whiſpers in the Village and the adjacent Place. The Well was always eſteemed of more Sanctity than common Wells, and therefore the Failing of the Water could be looked upon its nothing leſs than a juſt Revenge for ſo great a Prophanation. But alas! the Miracle's at an End, for the Water returned a-while ago in as great Abundance as ever.

Sect. I.

ON the Right-hand, as you deſcend from this Gate of Pilgrim-ſtreet, is the High-Frier-Chare, which leads into Newgate-ſtreet. There was in this Lane a Fryery, which occaſioned it's Name.

IT was ſituated ſomewhere about Ficket-Tower, which is the next round Tower to Pilgrim-gate.

THIS appears from the Account of the Ward belonging to this Tower, a Part of which is as follows; It ſhall have to Ward, &c. with all Grey-Fryer-Chare, from the Barras, oppoſite to the Ficket-Tower, and the North Kirk Door of the ſaid Fryery, Weſtward, and no farther Eaſtward in that Lane.

GREY in this Part of the Town ſays, that in the Upper-part of this Street is a Princely Houſe, built out of the Ruins of the Black-Fryers.

THIS is contrary to the Authority above, where it is called the Grey-Fryer-Chare.

[83]AND beſides it is contrary to ſeveral ancient Writings, which call this Chare Vicus qui ducit ad Fratres minores, or the Chare of the Vide Newgate. Grey-Fryers, ſo that it is as great a Miſtake to place the Black-Fryers here, as to ſay the Grey-Fryers were placed in Weſtgate. Their Situation, according to the Authority above, muſt have been in the Garden of Walter Blacket, Eſq in that Part of it which is oppoſite to Ficket-Tower, and the reſt of that Garden muſt have been the Garden and other Conveniencies of this Monaſtery. This Houſe was founded by the Family of the Carliols, in the Reign of King Henry the 3d, for they were (as appears from ancient Writings) a Regular and well ſettled Body in the Year 1267.

THEY were originally Merchants of this Town, and afterwards landed Men.

TWO of this Family ſucceeded Peter Scott, (who was the Firſt Mayor of Newcaſtle, and Mayor for three Years) from the Year 1254, to the Year 1269.

THIS Situation is alſo confirmed by the Milbank Manuſcript which ſays, that this Fryery was near to Pilgrim-ſtreet-gate, and that there is a little Lane between it and the Walls, wherein there is an Alms-houſe; but now both the Fryery and it are converted to private Uſes.

THIS Alms-houſe flouriſhed as late as Queen Mary's Days, for 'tis ſaid in a Writing belonging to Mr. Richard Wall of this Town, the Proprietor of theſe Houſes, that in the Year 1555/6, in the Reign of Philip and Mary it was inhabited by poor Religious Women; Inhabitant nuncPauperes mulieres Deo ſervientes.

THE Grey-Fryers, or as they are properly called the Franciſcans, received their Name from St. Francis, born in the Dutchy of Spoletum in Italy, who was canonized by Pope Gregory the Ninth; about two Years after whoſe Death the Franciſcans came into England, and one Diggs, (Anceſtor of Sir Dudley Diggs) bought for them their firſt Seat in Canterbury.

THIS Order for School Divinity beat all other Orders, and had a Curious Library in London (built by Richard Whittington) in that Age, coſting 550 l. They afforded in England 110 learned Writers. Fuller.

WHILST this Order flouriſh'd in England, this Province was divided into 7 Pacts or Diſtricts called Cuſtodies, becauſe each of them was governed by the Provincial, who had charge of them all, by a particular ſuperior, called Cuſtos, or Keeper, who had the Power over all the Convents within his Diſtrict or Cuſtody. The 7 Cuſtodies are as follows, The Cuſtody or Wardenſhip of London had nine Convents, That of York ſeven Monaſteries, That of Cambridge ſeven Monaſteries, That of Newcaſtle nine Monaſteries (viz.) The Cuſtody or Wardenſhip of Newcaſtle of the Engliſh Province of the Franciſcans, Grey-Fryers, or Fryers Minors, had nine Monaſteries.

  • NEWCASTLE Monaſtery in Northumberland dedicated to St. Francis.
    • DUNDEE,
    • DUMFRIES
    • HADDINGTON
    Monaſteries in Scotland.
  • CARLISLE Monaſtery Cumberland.
  • HARTLEPOOL Monaſtery in the Biſhoprick of Durham.
  • [84] BERWICK Monaſtery in Northumberland.
  • ROSEBURG Monaſtery in Scotland.
  • RICHMOND Monaſtery in the County of Richmond in Yorkſhire.

THIS Monaſtry of Newcaſtle was conventual, but Henry the 7th made them Obſervants, Obſervant, is a Branch of the Franciſcans, which are Minores tam Obſrevantes quam Conventuales & Capuchini. Theſe we find ſpoken of Anno 25. Hen. 8. c. 12. who are called Obſervants, becauſe they are not combin'd together in any Cloiſter, Convent or Corporation, as the Conventuals are, but only by themſelves to obſerve the Rules of their Order, and more ſtrictly than the Conventuals do; and upon a ſingularity of Zeal ſeperate themſelves from them, living in certain Places of their own chuſing, of whom you may read Hoſpinian de Orig. & Progreſſ' Monachatus cap. 38. fol. 878. and therefore by Harpsfield is ſaid to be built by him. Stephens, 2 Addit. Vol. 2d.

AMONGST the learned Men of this Order, we meet with thoſe of Newcaſtle.

JOHN Scotus alias Duns, or Duns Scotus; there was much Controverſy whether he was an Engliſh-Man, a Scot, or an Iriſh-Man. He was a Man of a mean Fortune, of a Wit made for Learning, and wonderful Subtle and Sharp. When he had ſtudied ſome Years with great Advantage at Oxford, he returned into Northumberland, his native Country, as ſome will have it, and took upon him the Habit of St. Francis at Newcaſtle. Being afterwards ſent to Oxford, he again fell to his Studies with great Vehemency, 'till he arrived to be Doctor and Profeſſor of Divinity. Thus he 1ſt expounded the Maſter of Sentences at Oxford; and afterwards, in the Year 1304, being appointed Profeſſor at Paris, by the General of the Order, in the Chapter in Toulouſe, he there taught a Courſe of Divinity. Thirdly, he did the ſame at Cologne with wonderful Applauſe; at which Time there aroſe at Cologne the Controverſy about the Conception of the Bleſſed Virgin Mary, whether ſhe was conceived in original Sin or not? All the followers of Albertus Magnus affirm'd, that ſhe was; Scotus and his Adherents poſitively aſſerted the contrary. Here it was that he gained the Title of Dr. Subtilis; he publiſh'd a Lecture on Geneſis. Commentaries on the Goſpels in 4 Books. Several Books on the Epiſtles of St. Paul. Sermons of Saints, and of Particular Times. Two or three Pieces on the Maſter of Sentences. Quodlibets. Theological Diſputations, Of the Knowledge of God. Of the Perfection of States. On all Ariſtotle's Works; and many other Things. Addit. Seph. Vol. I. p. 98.

HE dy'd miſerably, 1309, being taken with an Apoplectick Fit, and too haſtily buried: For, Nature having too late wrought through the Diſtemper, he vainly mourn'd for Aſſiſtance, 'till, at laſt, beating his Head againſt the Tomb-ſtone, he daſh'd out his Brains, and ſo expir'd. Whereupon a certain Italian wrote thus of him;

Quaecunque humani ſuerant, juriſque Sacrati
In dubium veniunt cuncta vocante Scoto
Quid? quod & in debium illius ſit vita vocata
Morte illum ſimili ludificante Strophâ.
Quum non ante virum vita ingularat adempta
Quam vivus Tumulo conditus ille foret.
What ſacred Writings or prophane can ſhew,
All Truths were (Scotus) call'd in doubt by you,
Your Fate was doubtful too: Death boaſts to be
The firſt that chous'd you with a Falacy;
Who, leaſt your Subtle Art your Life ſhould ſave,
Before ſhe ſtruck, ſecur'd you in the Grave.

THAT he was born here in England I affirm upon the Authority of his own Manuſcript Works in the Library of Merton-College, Oxford, which concludes thus, ‘Explicit Lectura, Subtula, &c.

[85]HERE ends the Lecture of John Duns, called Doctor Subtilis in the Univerſity of Paris, who was born in a certain Hamlet in the Pariſh of Emeldon, called Dunſton, in the County of Northumberland, belonging to the Houſe of the Scholars of Merton-Hall. Gib. pag. 860.

HUGH of Newcaſtle, is ſo call'd, that being the Place of his Birth: he was commonly Sirnamed the Scholaſtick Doctor; he was a Franciſcan, and a diligent Follower, and zealous Defender of John Scotus; he took upon him the Habit at Newcaſtle; he was one of the Fourteen about Scotus's Tomb; he publiſh'd ſome Things on the Maſter of Sentences, of the Laſt Judgment, of the Victory againſt Antichriſt; he lived about the Year 1320. Stephens's 1ſt Add. Vol. P. 99.

MARTIN Alnwick, of the Town of that Name in Northumberland, took the Habit of St. Francis, at Newcaſtle, in his Youth; being afterwards ſent to ſtudy Philoſophy and Divinity at Oxford, he acquired notable Knowledge in both, and was made Doctor of Divinity, and Reader of the ſame among his own Brethren; he writ Diſputations on the Maſter of Sentences, and died in the Monaſtery at Newcaſtle. He flouriſhed about 1336, 1ſt Addit. Vol. P. 99.

THE Franciſcans of Newcaſtle were prevailed upon to ſurrender (for the Abbies above the Value of two hundred Pounds, were not within the Statute of Suppreſſing, as were the leſſer Abbies) on January the 9th, in the 30th Hen. 8th, it conſiſted of a Warden, eight Fryers, and two Novices.

Sect. II

THE Houſe Grey mentioned, was built out of the Ruins of this Fryery; except the North and South Ends of it, which were built by Sir Wm. Blacket, Bart, the Grand Father of the preſent Poſſeſſor Walter Blacket, Eſq

THE Authority above ſays alſo, that it is a Princely Houſe, and indeed it is no leſs than very ſtately and magnificent; being ſuppoſed the moſt ſo of any Houſe in the whole Kingdom, within a walled Town. It is ſurrounded with a vaſt Quantity of Ground; that Part of it which Faces the Street, is thrown into Walks and Graſs Plats, beautified with Images, and beſet with Trees, which afford a very pleaſing Shade: The other Part of the Ground on the Weſt Side of it, is all a Garden, exceedingly neat and curious, adorned with many and the moſt beautiful Statues, and ſeveral other Curioſities.

BUT this Houſe is not more remarkable or memorable, upon any Account, than for it's having been the Lodgings of King Charles the Firſt, whilſt he was Priſoner at this Town.

ON this ſame Side of the Street, a little below the Houſe now mentioned, is the Upper-Dean-Bridge, which leads into the Middle-ſtreet, Pullen-market, Fleſh-market, &c. From hence downwards is the moſt beautiful Part of the Street, the Houſes on each Side of it being moſt of them very pretty, neat, and regular; ſuch are the Houſes of Mr. Edward Harl, Mr. Thomas Biggs, John Rogers, Eſq Thomas Clennell, Eſq Nicholas Fenwick, Eſq Nathaniel Clayton, Eſq Edward Collingwood, Eſq Mr. Perith, Mr. John White, John Ogle, Eſq Mr. Thomas Waters, Matthew White, Eſq &c. But there is one Houſe in particular, which muſt be diſtinguiſhed from the others for it's great Antiquity, and that is the Houſe above-mentioned, called the Pilgrim's Inn: It is on the Weſt Side of the Street, and adjoins to the North Side of the Houſe [86]of Mr. Edward Callingwood, juſt now mentioned, and is exactly 116 Yards one Foot, from the Southmoſt Corner of Upper-Dean-Bridge: It is holden of the Dean and Chapter of Durham, and belongs at preſent to Mr.James Hargrave.

Sect. III.

BELOW this Houſe, on the other Side of the Street, is a Lane called, Manour Chare, which leads from Pilgrim-ſtreet to St. Auſtin Fryers.

A little below the Eaſt-end of this Chare, on the Right Hand, is the Taylors Meeting-houſe: It was formerly at the very End of the Chare, in that Houſe which Fronts Pilgrim-ſtreet, which by the Marks ſtill remaining of a large Window, ſeems to have been a Chapel, as well as by the Tradition of the People thereabouts. There is a Writing in the Cuſtody of this ancient Fraternity, which I have copied for the Curioſity of it, and is as follows.

TO THE WORSHIP OF GOD, and the Suſtentation of the Proceſſion of Corpus Chriſti Plays in the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, after the laudable and antient Cuſtom of the ſaid Town; and for the avoiding of Diſention and Diſcord that hath been amongſt the Crafts of the ſaid Town, as of Manſlaughter and Murder, and other Miſchiefs in Time coming, which hath been lately attempted amongſt the Fellowſhip of the ſaid Crafts of the Taylors of the ſaid Town: And to induce Love, Charity, Peace, and right amongſt the ſaid Fellowſhip from henceforth, the Eight Day of October, in the Year of our Lord GOD 1536, it is aſſented, agreed, and fully concluded, and accorded by all the whole Fellowſhip of the ſaid Craft of Taylors then being, and that in Time to come, ſhall abide and dwell in the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle, Robert Brandling, then Mayor, John Wren, Sheriff, Thomas Horſley, James Lawſon, Gilbert Middleton, Henry Ainſley, Peter Chater, and Andrew Bewick, Aldermen, and Sir Thomas Tempeſt, Knt. Recorder of the ſaid Town; that is to ſay, Firſt, it is agreed and ordained, that every Man that has been an Apprentice in the ſaid Town, and has fully ſerved his Years of Apprenticohood, by the Purport of the Taylors regiſter and record of his Maſter, ſhall be admitted to ſet up Shop of Taylors Craft and Work, paying at the Beginning, after the old Uſe and Cuſtom to the Fellowſhip of the ſaid Craft, a Pot of Oyl to the ſaid Fellowſhip, and Yearly to the Stewards of the ſaid Fellowſhip, Thirteen Pence to our Lady Light, whilſt he ſhall be of Power, and Dwelling in the ſaid Town, or within 12 Miles of the ſame; Thirteen Pence to the Play every Year, when it ſhall be played; and that every Steward, Apprentice, Journeyman, or Hireman, working by the Week Four Pence a Year; and that every Hireman by the whole Year, or half Year, Three Pence to the Play every Year, when it ſhall be played.

ALSO, it is ordained, that every Man of the ſame Craft, Born and Free within the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle, that was never an Apprentice in the ſaid Town, ſhall be admitted to ſet up Shop of Taylors Craft within the ſame Town, for Forty Pounds, and to pay one Pound of Wax to the Fellowſhip of the ſaid Craft, and a Pot of Oyl at his firſt Admittance; ſaying alſo Thirteen Pence to the Lady Light, Eight Pence to the Play, as is aforeſaid: And if any of the ſaid Fellowſhip would take exceſs for their Hand Labour, or if any will not give them a reaſonable Rate for their Hand Labour, the ſaid Twelve Sworn Men ſhall ponder and aſſeſs, duly and truly the Hand Labour, at reaſonable Prices for their Work; And that none of the ſaid Fellowſhip Work in their Craft upon the Saturday after Eight of the Clock at Evening, and keep Holy the Sunday, the Vigils, and Feſtival Days, upon Pain of Six Pound of Wax for every Default.

[87] ALSO, it is ordained, that every Man of the ſaid Fellowſhip, upon Corpus Chriſti Day, ſhall come to the Proceſſion of the Time aſſigned, and if he come not to the Fellowſhip before the Proceſſion paſt, to pay a Pound of Wax; and if he come not before the Proceſſion be ended, to pay two Pound of Wax. Alſo that he come in his Livery, if he be warned ſo to do, upon Pain of a Pound of Wax: And alſo that none of the ſaid Craft ſhall have Livery, nor go in Proceſſion with the ſaid Fellowſhip, before he hath holden Shop in the ſaid Town by a whole Year; to the intent, that his good Conditions and Demeanours ſhall be known.

ALSO, it is ordained, that he that pays not his Yearly Thirteen Pence to our Lady Light, upon St. John's Day in May, he ſhall pay a Pound of Wax to the ſame Light, over and above the ſaid Thirteen Pence; and if he pay it not by Corpus Chriſti Day, then we and Fellowſhip following, if he be of Power ſo to do; and that amongſt the Fellowſhip well known, he to be diſcharged of his Livery, or to make reaſonable Fine for it.

ALSO, it is ordained, that all the Taylors now in Being, and that in Time coming, ſhall be dwelling as Fellows in the ſaid Town, ſhall every Year, at the Feaſt of Corpus Chriſti Day, go together in a Livery, and play their Play, at their own Coſts, after the Ordinance of their Stewards.

ALSO, it is ordained that every Brother of the ſaid Fellowſhip come in his Livery, when he ſhall be warned by their Beadle; that is to ſay, to the Proceſſion upon Corpus Chriſti Day, St. John in May, the Day that the Plays ſhall be play'd, and upon the Day of their general Meeting; and that the Fellowſhip diſpoſe them to have a Maſs and a Dirge for the Brethren of the ſaid Fellowſhip, and other Meetings to be aſſigned; and that at the Even of the Day of the making of the ſame, ſhall a Dirge be done, and a Maſs for the Brethren of the ſaid Fellowſhip; and likewiſe ſhall a Dirge be done, and a Maſs upon the Morn for all the Brethren and Siſters of the ſaid Fellowſhip, paſſed, preſent: And that he that is of the ſaid Craft, and not admitted to their Fellowſhip, who for any Cauſe induceing him, will have the Fellowſhip aſſembled, ſhall pay to their Beadle Two Pence for aſſembling them.

ALSO, it is ordained, that when any Man of the Livery of the ſaid Fellowſhip dyes, their Light ſhall go a-fore him to the Church at his Burial, and abide in the Church lighted the Maſs Time, and whilſt he be buried; And if there be a Dirge done, the Light not to be lighted at the Dirge Time: And when a Man's Wife of the ſaid Livery dyes, the half of the Light ſhall go before her, in the ſaid Form; and if the whole Light go a-fore her, then to pay Forty Pence to the ſaid Fellowſhip, for the burning of the Light and warning it, and that the Stewards ſhall be there to govern the Light: And if any of the ſaid Fellowſhip, reaſonably warned to be there, abide not while the Maſs be done, he ſhall pay a Pound of Wax, if he has not a reaſonable excuſe, to be allowed by the Stewards. And when any of the ſaid Liveries ſhall be Wedded, if any of the ſaid Fellowſhip, reaſonably warned to be there, comes and abides not while the Maſs is done, he ſhall pay a Pound of Wax, unleſs that he have a reaſonable Excuſe to be found, at the Diſcretion of the Stewards.

MOREOVER, if it happens that any of the ſaid Fellowſhip, being in the Livery, do Dye, and his good Friends will cauſe a Maſs and a Dirge to be done for him, of their proper Coſt, every Year of the Day of their Burial: If it pleaſe the ſaid Friends of the ſaid Brother, ſo Dead, to warn the Stewards; then the Beadle ſhall go to all the Brethren of the ſaid Craft and Livery, and warn them to be at the Maſs and Dirge, if it be done on one Day of their Livery, and them to abide the Dirge and Maſs Time, upon Pain of Three Pence, without a reaſonable Excuſe provable; and if the Dirge be done the Night a-fore, to be at the Maſs on the Morrow, and at the Dirge at their Pleaſure.

IN WITNESS whereof to the ſaid whole Fellowſhip and Brethren of the ſaid Craft, ſeverally have ſet their Seals, and the ſaid Mayor and Sheriff have ſet their Seals of Office, and likewiſe the ſaid Alderman to this Ordinance have ſet their [88] Seals, and written their own Names with their own Hand, the laſt Day of January, and in the Twenty Eighth Year of the Reign of our Sovereign Lord King Henry, after the Conqueſt of England, the Eighth.

A little below this Hall of the Taylors, and the Appurtenances thereof, was probably the Houſe of Laurentius Acton, which border'd on the South, upon the Houſe of the preſent Mr. Thomas Waters. This Laurentius was Mayor of Newcaſtle 1433, 1435, 1436, 1437, in the Reign of Henry the 6th. Oppoſite to this Houſe of Laurentius Action, is the Market for Wheat and Rye, every Tueſday and Saturday.

BELOW this again are three narrow Lanes, two on the Weſt-ſide of the Street, and one on the Eaſt: Thoſe on the Weſt are the Nether-Dean-Bridge, leading into St. Nicholas Church-yard, which has been ſpoken of before, and the Painter-Hugh, or as it is called in a Writing, as old as Edward the Third's Reign, Payntourhogh, which leads into the Street called the Side. It is from Pilgrim-ſtreet a very great Deſcent into the Side; but it is made tollerably eaſy, by having Stairs on one Side of it. It ſeems to have got it's Name from the River flowing by the Bottom of it up to the Nether-Dean-Bridge, &c. For Hugh ſignifies a Steep-Hill, or Bank, and Painter is a Term made uſe of by the Sailors for a Rope, which they faſten the Boat with. This Street therefore was called the Painter-Hugh, becauſe it was the Hugh which the Painters were made faſt to.

ONE William Porter had a Houſe at the End of this Street, which he granted to John de Chambers, a Burgeſs of this Town, in the Reign of King Edward the Third, Anno 1361, on Condition that he paid to the Prioreſs and Convent of Lambly, eighteen Shillings per Annum.

THE other Lane or Street, on the Eaſt of this Street, is Silver-ſtreet, cloſe by the North-ſide of All-hallows Church-yard; it leads into Pandon. It is ſaid, but very improbably, to have got it's Name of Silver-ſtreet, becauſe of the Fiſh-market, which was kept a little below it, at the Stock-Bridge. It was anciently called All-Hallowgate, for All-Hallowgate is ſaid to be Ex parte Boreali Eccleſiae omnium Sanctorum; it was alſo called Temple-gate. Mr. Nicholas Lamb, whoſe Houſe is in this Street, finds it called Jewgate, in his Writings; but when, or for what Reaſon it bore that Name, I know not.

WE come now to the Church of All-Hallows, which ſtands a little below Silver-ſtreet, and on the ſame Side of the Street with it, viz. at the very Bottom of this Pilgrim-ſtreet.

Sect. IV. Of ALL-HALLOWS CHURCH.

WHO this Church was founded by, I have met with no Account, nor any of the Time it was built in; only this is certain, it muſt have been built before the Year 1286, but how long before, I know not. For in that Year I meet with an Account of Mr. Smith, P. 245. the Church-yard of All-Hallows, which is a plain Proof that the Church was then in Being.

GREY is of Opinion that it was dedicated to All-Hallows, or All-Saints, from the ancient Name of that Part of the Town Pampedon, which he ſays was ſo called from [...]; imagining, I ſuppoſe, that it was ſo called [89] of the Romans, All-Hallows Church. (who inhabited this Part of the Town) after the Temple at Rome, the Pantheon, which was dedicated to all the Gods.

THIS Church is ſeated upon a Hill, which is much about the ſame Height with the Situation of St. Mary's in Gateſhead, and upon the ſame Line with it.

IT is not ſo long as St. Nicholas, being only 55 Yards, one Foot, a Quarter long; but it is broader, as being 25 Yards, two Foot broad. The Steeple is but or a mean Height, being a Square Tower, with only one Spire ariſing from it. The Bells belonging to this Church were founded in the Year 1696. They were caſt out of the Metal of that famous Statue of King James the Second, which ſtood on the Sand-Hill. They were founded in the Ground belonging to St. Auſtin Fryers, in that Part of it, which is in the Back-ſide of the Hoſpital of the Holy Jeſus. Their Sound is not ſo Melodious as the others in this Town, but the Note is exceedingly exact, and more tuneful than the others.

WHATEVER Robert Rhodes did to this Steeple, his Name is under the Belfry of it, as at St. Nicholas. In one of the Regiſters belonging to this Church of All-Hallows, we have the following Account. About the Round where the Bells are drawn up into the Bell-houſe in the Steeple, there is written, Orate pro anima Roberti Rhodes. His Arms are alſo without, at the Eaſt-end of the Church, on the Breaſt of an Angel; which, as I take it, is a Tyger, or Grey-hound on a Chief, and three Annulets on the Eſcutcheon. The like is in St. Nicholas Church, &c. In St. John's alſo, on the Out-ſide of the South Porch, over-againſt the Alms-houſe, there is on a Square, Orate pro anima Roberti Rhodes. I have alſo ſeen the ſame in Tinmouth Caſtle in a Round, on the North-ſide, after you are within the Gate, upon the Wall; which be-like was in ſome Part of that great Church, when it was a Cell of St. Alban's.

UPON the Eaſt-end of the Chancel, in the South-eaſt Window, there was the Picture of our Saviour at large, but in the Time of the Rebellion it was wholly taken away.

NEXT to it, as you go up the South-ſide; there was the Picture of a Boy ſtanding upon chequer'd Pavement, as it ſeemed, and on the Glaſs under him,

Like as the Jamen moiſt and cold,
Is full of Tempeſt Day by Day,
So is one Child of ten Years old,
Hath no Underſtanding, but all on Play.

THE ſame Authority adds, I ſuppoſe the reſt of the Months were alſo in this Window in former Times, but I have ſeen it only; and it was taken away alſo in the Time of the Rebellion.

IN the Window above the South Door, which leads into the Quire, towards the Porch, were the Pictures of Roger Thornton's Children, Two Men and Three Women Kneeling at Altars. There remain now only Two of the Women.

THERE are higher up this Iſle, in the Windows towards the Porch ſome Characters, one is like an (I) with an (S) through it, and other Three Characters, which are the Merchants Skin-mark, for they are but a little Different from the Skin-mark, which is upon the Stone of Chriſtopher Elmer. It is a Token that ſome Merchant was a Benefactor to the Church, and perhaps ſome Part of the South Wall of the Church: I take it to be the Skin-mark of Roger Thornton, for the very ſame is in the Chantery of St. Peter, over-againſt his Tomb.

TRADITION ſays, that from the Weſt-end of the Veſtry to the Porch, the old South Wall was taken away, and rebuilt further into the Church-yard [90] by Roger de Thornton. That the old Wall was farther into the Church than the Wall now is, is plain from the Piece of it now remaining, which is on the Eaſt-end of the Veſtry; and I think the Pictures in the Windows above-mentioned, is a good Confirmation of the Truth of the Tradition of the Builder. In that Window next the Porch Door, but one, there have been the Pictures of the Twelve Apoſtles. There are now only remaining St. Matthew, St. James the Leſs, St. Andrew, St. Philip, St. James Major, and another.

THERE are three Galleries in this Church, one on the Weſt-end, and, another on the Eaſt-end of the Nave, and the other in the North-Iſle. That on the Weſt-end was built in the Year 1712. The Organ which was plac'd in the middle of it was built at the ſame Time. It is a very long Gallery, and by much the moſt beautiful in the Church. On the North-end of it are the Seats of the Children belonging to the Charity-School. The Gallery on the Weſt-end, is called the Butchers Gallery.

THE other Gallery on the North-Iſle is the Sailors Gallery. It is ſaid in a Memorandum made at the Bottom of it, to have been built and finiſhed by the Trinity-houſe in Newcaſtle upon Tyne, in the Year 1618, John Holbourne then Maſter. It was beautified in the Year 1720, Robert Bailiff being then Maſter, with three or four Devices on the South-ſide of it. One Pannel has the Picture of St. Paul's Shipwreck; another, our Saviour's being aſleep in the Storm; then there is the Arms of the Trinity-houſe; another Draught is that of our Saviour's taking Peter by the Hand when he was ſinking in the Waves; and the other is that of Jonah vomited up upon the dry Land.

THE Chancel of this Church ſtands upon a large Vault, which conſiſts of a pretty long Entrance, arched at the Top, and of a pretty large Square Room, with a curious Pillar in it, which is the grand Support of eight large Stone Arches. The Entrance into this vault is in the Church-yard, on the North-ſide of it.

AS you enter into the Chancel from the Nave of the Church, you have on the left Hand of you, an old Pair of Stairs, to which are adjoining the Stairs of the Butchers Gallery: Theſe Stairs formerly led into the ſame Place, but then it was into a Gallery different from what the Butchers Gallery is now. They led into a Loft or Gallery called the Rood Loft.

THE Rood was an Image of our Saviour upon the Croſs, made generally of Wood, and placed on a Loft made for that Purpoſe, juſt over the Paſſage out of the Church into the Chancel; out of this Myſtery, they ſay, that the Church repreſents the Church Militant, and the Chancel the Church Triumphant; and who will paſs out of the Former into the Latter, muſt go under the Rood Loft, that is, they muſt go under the Croſs, and ſuffer Affliction. This Image was wont to have the Virgin Mary on one Side of it, and St. John on the other. Stavely, C. Hiſt. P. 199.

A few Years ago the Chancel was beautifyed. It is pannel'd round with Wainſcot. The Table is a large curious Marble Stone, which was given to the Church for that Uſe by an unknown Hand. On the large Pannel, immediately above the Altar, is this Figure; ‘I. H. S.’ or, Jeſus Hominum Salvator: Above that again is the Picture of a Dove, curiouſly carved in Wood; and above that again, in a Golden Glory, is the great Name of God [...], which ſignifies his moſt abſolute ſelf Exiſtence: He was, and is, and is to come.

THIS is to point out, by way of Emblem, the Perſons of the Trinity. God the Father, by the Word JEHOVAH, he having order'd Moſes, when [91] he went to the Iſraelites, to bring them out of Egypt; to ſay, I Exod. iii. 14. AM hath ſent thee, or the Lord Jehovah, who exiſts eternally, or always is. The Dove is the Emblem of the Holy Ghoſt; for he is ſaid to have deſcended in a bodily Shape like a Mark iii. 16. Dove. And the Letters with the Croſs in the Middle of them, Point out the ſecond Perſon of the glorious Trinity, who dyed upon the Croſs for the Sins of the World.

ON the Top of the Eaſt-end of the Altar, above the Things now mentioned, are the Repreſentations of Three large Candles, which are an Emblem of the Light of the Vid. Vulg. Antiquit' P. 133. & Wheatley Com. Prayer. Pa. 109. Goſpel, which either is, or ſhou'd be read at the Altar.

ON the South-ſide of the Altar is a Protheſis, or Side-Altar, that the Prieſt, according to the Rubrick, may more conveniently Place the Elements upon the Altar.

PLATE belonging to ALL-HALLOWS, and their Inſcriptions.
The greater Flaggon.

IN uſum Eccleſiae Omnium Sanctorum apud Novicaſtrenſes Lagenam hanc dono dedit MICHAEL MIDFORD Mercator, in Teſtimonium Pieatis erga Deum & Patriam. An. Sal. MDCXCVIII.

Underneath that,

Calix Benedictionis cui Benedicimus, nonne Communicatio Sanguinis Chriſti eſt?

The leſſer Flaggon.

D [...]o O. M. & Omnium Sanctorum Sacello Dicat Conſecrat (que) This Gentleman was the Town's Phyſician, and had a Salary allowed him from the Corporation. He was confeſſed a Man very knowing in his Profeſſion, and of great Piety and Religion. The Rev. Mr. T. Atherton, his Son, B. D. who was born in this Town, and Educated at the great School here, Fellow of Chriſt College in Cambrid [...]e. and for many years the chief Tutor of that Society, is now Rector of Little Canfield in Eſſex. The Place of Town's Phyſician, was after the Death of Dr. Atherton diſpoſed of, and ſtill is, to ſuch a Number of Surgeons to attend the Poor, as the Mayor for the Time being thinks proper. Whilſt I am upon this, and commemorating a worthy Phyſician of this great Town, I muſt not omit to obſerve that this Place was probably never better ſerved this Way, than at preſent. The following Gentlemen, viz. John Lowther, Eſq M. D. of Sidney College in Cambridge; Adam Askne, M. D. of St. John's College in Cambridge; William Cowper, M. D. of Leyden; Cuthbert Lambert, M. D. educated at D [...]way in France; are Men eminent in their Profeſſion, and ſhine among the Crowd of thoſe who always frequent a Place ſo populous. H. Atherton, M. D. Dec'r 25, 1697.

Two Challices mark'd A.S.H. with Covers.

Church Wardens, 1628.
  • Robert Blenkinſop,
  • Laurence Carr,
  • Wm. Gibſon,
  • Wm. Duxfield,

Two other Callices, which have been gilded with Gold, with Covers, 1571.

A Silver Diſh, Weighing 34, 14. Gilded with Gold.

Dicavit Deo Eccleſae O'ium Sanctorum infra Villam Novicaſtri ſuper Tinam, Anno Salutis, 1718.

Two Salvers mark'd A.S.H. with this Inſcription, Corpus meum hoc eſt.

  • Neman Shafto, Church Wardens, 1629.
  • Robert Young, Church Wardens, 1629.
  • Hen. Rowcaſtle, Church Wardens, 1629.
  • Tho. Roderforth, Church Wardens, 1629.

[92]THERE were Seven Chanteries belonging to this Church. The Chantery of St. Thomas; The Chantery of our Lady; The Chantery of St. John, the Evangeliſt; The Chantery of St. Peter; The Chantery of St. Catherine; The Chantery of St. Elgie or St. Loye, and the Chantery of St. John the Baptiſt and St. John the Evangeliſt.

1. THE Chantery of St. Thomas was founded by John Puthore, Clerk, the Yearly Value 4 l. 8 s. 4 d.

2. The Chantery of our Lady, no Deed of Foundation to be ſhewn; 4 l. 5 s. 10 d.

3. THE Chantery of St. John the Evangeliſt, founded by Richard Willisby and Richard Fiſhlake; the Deed of Foundation is loſt; which aroſe out of ſome Tenements ſituated in the Sandhill and Side; 4 l. 15 s. 4 d.

4. THE Chantery of St. Peter is that waſte Place above the Veſtry, oppoſite to the Tomb of Roger de Thornton. This was founded by the ſaid Roger de Thornton, as appears from the Licence granted to the ſaid Roger Vide Foundation of St. Catherine's Hoſpital. Licentiam Dedimus praefato Rogero quod ipſe quandam Cantariam de Uno Capellano Divina ad Altare Beati Petri in Capella omnium Sanctorum celebraturo, &c by King Henry 4th. It was erected about the Year 1411, that he might be pray'd for whilſt he liv'd, and his Soul when he was dead (by a Prieſt ſet a-part for that Purpoſe) together with the Souls of his Father and Mother; and Angnes his Wife, and alſo of his Anceſtors and his Children, and the whole Company of the Faithful departed, as is mentioned in the King's Grant to him.

ON the Eaſt-end of this Chantery there are ſtill remaining the Pictures of St. Lewis, St. Barbara, and St. Eliſabeth.

THE yearly Value of this Chantery was 6 l.

5. THE Chantery of St. Catherine was founded in the Reign of Edward the Third, by Robert of Chirton, Burgeſs of Newcaſtle, and Marriot his Wife, who was the Daughter and Heirefs of Hugh Hankyn and Beatrix his Wife; The yearly Value of it, 5 l. 3 s. 8 d. All-Hallows Veſt.

IN the Book above-mentioned, belonging to the Church of All-Hallows, we are told, that there is at the South-Eaſt End of the Church, upon the Out-ſide, a fair E and F, and on each of them half a Catherine-Wheel; but what they ſignify no Man living knoweth. At preſent there is no ſuch Thing. Whoſe Name the Letters were placed for, I believe it is indeed impoſſible for any Man living to tell: But as for the Catherine-Wheels, it is eaſy to conclude that they are plac'd on the South-Eaſt end of the Church to ſignify that St. Catherine's Chantery or Altar was under the South-Eaſt Window.

6. THE Chantery of St. Loye or St. Elgie, founded by Richard Pickering in the Reign of Edward the 3d, the yearly Value 3 l. 8 s. 4 d.

JOHN Dent, Eſq by Deed dated 12th of Feb. in the 35th Year of Hen. the 6th, granted an annual Rent of 8 s. iſſuing out of his Houſes, to Richard Doxforth the then Prieſt of this Chantery.

7. THE Chantery of St. John the Baptiſt, and St. John the Evangeliſt by John Ward. 7 l. 15 s. 8 d.

AMONGST the Chanteries of this Church we meet with none of the Holy Trinity; but in the 16th of the Reign of King Hen. the 8th, after the Mariners became a Body, and their Houſe was called the Trinity-houſe, we find an Altar in it dedicated to the Trinity; for in one of their Writings 'tis ſaid, that Thomas Hebborne ſhould be Partaker of all Maſſes, Good-Prayers, and Suffrage, which ſhould afterwards be celebrated, ſaid, and done by the Chaplain and Prieſt [93] of the ſaid Fraternity within the Trinity-houſe, and at the Trinity-Altar within the Church of All-Hallows for evermore.

I know not where to fix the Place of this Altar, any more than I can fix particularly, the Places of ſome of the ancient Chanteries; except it was, as ſome will naturally Conjecture, in the Porch behind their Gallery. And yet there are ſome Reaſons againſt this Suppoſition; For this Porch was a Chantery, they had only an Altar; and as a Chantery, it muſt have been filled with a Prieſt, who had an Altar to himſelf and conſequently their Altar muſt have been ſome where elſe. If it be ſaid that they perhaps built this Porch, I anſwer, that if they had done ſo, it would have been called a Chantery not only an Altar. Beſides, the Building is viſibly older than their Chapel, their Prieſt, or their Altar. For they can ſcarce be ſuppoſed to have had any one of the Three, before the Beginning of the Reign of King Henry the Eighth, and that's a Date too late for ſo old a Piece of Building.

Of the Burial Places and Monuments in the South-Iſle; ſome of which are theſe following.

NIGH the Church Porch is a large Blue Stone, the Burial Place of Mr. William Milbourne, Hoaſtman, who dyed in the Year 1662. This Stone formerly belonged to St. Auſtin's Fryery, and was removed from thence by Thomas Ledger, when he was Mayor, in the Time of the Civil Wars. He brought it to St. Nicholas Church, and order'd one Milbourne, a Maſon, to eraſe the ancient Inſcription. But [...]inding no Room to lay it where his Father was buried in St. Nicholas, he ſold it to the Maſon, who ſold it again, to the Perſon whoſe Name it ſtill b [...]ars.

HENRY Milbourne; Hoaſtman, 1 [...]98.

JOHN Binks, Maſter and Mariner. Dorothy, his Wife departed, March the 11th, 1722.

MARCUS Browellus, Generos' Attorn [...]t' de Banco, Soc' Hoſpit' Furnival, Lond' Hoc ſibi et ſuis poſuit, et caelis Parata Aeterna Manſio.

Ipſe Obiit ſecuudo Die Novembris, Anno Domini, 1729.

STEPHEN Coulſon, Merchant Adventur [...], married Mary, Daughter of Mr. Henry Waters, Hoaſtman: She departed, July the 6th, 1728. He the above named Stephen Coulſon, Eſq Alderman, and ſometime Mayor of this Town, departed this Life, October 25th, 1730.

SEPULCRUM Wolſtani Paſton.

WILLIAM Harriſon, Hoaſtman, July 10th, 1721.

AS you go from the South-Iſle into the Body of the Church, there is a large Blue Stone, which was the Stone of Chriſtopher Elmer, as appears from the Beginning of the preſent Inſcription.

ANOTHER Authority in this Church, calls this Stone an ancient Stone, and ſays the ancient Inſcription was, Jeſus have Mercy of the Souls of Chriſtopher Elmer, his Wife and Children, and of all Souls, Mercy, Mercy, Lord.

THERE was on it the Elmer's Arms, the Merchants Arms, and his Skin Mark which was 4

JOHN Henzell, 1725.

[94]THE Burial Place of John Morris, Hoaſtman.

SUB hoc Marmore tumulantur Exuviae Edwardi Collingwood, de Byker, Armigeri Northumbrae Vice comitis Anno 1699. Qui obijt 11mo Aprilis, 1701, Anno (que) Aetatis 71. Una cum Uxoris Annae Exuvijs, Quae obijt 30 Novembris, 1694, per quam Hos habuit liberos, Radulphum, & Martinum Mortuos, Edvardum & Dorotheam Superſtites.

DOROTHEA Collingywood, Vita deceſſit duodecimo die Decembris, 1701. & hic Sepulta. Gulielmus Filius Secundus dicti Edvardi Filij obijt Secundo Die Martij, 1709. Edvardus Filius obijt primo Die Martij, 1720. Maria Filia Natu Prior Dicti Edvardi Filij obijt Decimo Die Junij, 1724. Maria Filia Gulielmi Bigg Generoſi Uxor dicti Edvardi Filij obijt duodecimo Die Octobris, 1727, Quinque Enixa Liberos, viz. Edvardum, Mariam, Annam, Iſabellam, & Gulielmum, Iſabella Filia Natu minima dicti Edvardi, Filii obijt nono die Octobris, 1728.

AT the Eaſt-end of this Tomb of the Family of the Collingwood's, under a Stone with a Latin Inſcription on it, which formerly belonged to one Blount, lies interr'd the Body of Margaret Bourne, Wife of Henry Bourne, Curate of this Church of All-Hallows. She dyed Auguſt the 8th, 1727, in the 30th Year of her Age.

[...]
D. O. M.
M. S.
THOMAE HOCKIN,
Gen' & ROGERI CLARKE,
Proponetis ejus Devonia nati una
Eodem (que) die Sept. Scilt. Octo Salutis
Anno MDCLXVIII. Aetatis Autem
Thomae LXX. Rogeri XIX.
Novocaſtro ſuper Tinam,
Invicem moriere.
JOHANNES CLARKE,
Poſteriori patruus
Utrique charus.
H. M. M.
Hie cecidêre duo, queis
Non Separavit amata
Sors eadem vivis thalamo
Morientibus Urna.

NEAR to this Monument of Thomas Hockin, is an old Stone, with this Inſcription upon it.

Here lieth Buried under this Stone,
The Right Worſhipful Mr. Robert Elliſon,
Merchant Adventurer, of this Town Twice
Right Mayor he was
All worldly Pomp for ever thus muſt paſs.
Eliſa, his Wife, his Children, and Friends him by,
With all ſhall riſe at the laſt Cry.
One Thouſand ſix hundred ſeventy and ſeven,
The laſt of January he went to Heaven.

SEVERAL Years ago the Church Wardens were deſired by one Matthew Blount, to ſell this Stone; but they loathed the Requeſt, becauſe it bore the Name of a Mayor of Newcaſtle, which they knew, after the Sale of it, would not be long there.

[95] JOHN Armorer, Hoaſtman,

CHRISTIAN Bulman, Oct. 8. 1723.

RALPH Soursby Merchant Adventurer.

NEAR the Quire-Door is an old Stone, which formerly belonged to Mr. Robert Brandling; upon which was the Brandling's Arms, with this Inſcription.

Here lyeth laid under this Place,
Robert Brandling, Merchant Adventurer, by God's Grace,
Margaret, his Wife, and Children dear,
In fear of God they lived here.
Like as the Brand doth flame and burn,
So we from Death to Life muſt turn.

MR. Nicholas Fenwick had this Stone given him by one Mr. Brandling, who lived at Ipſwich, and cauſed the ſaid Inſcription to be obliterated; after that he ſet upon it the Arms of the Fenwicks.

NIGH to this is another Stone belonging to the ſame Family of the Fenwicks.

CHARLES Atkinſon, Hoaſtman.

THERE is an old Stone which lies between the Veſtry and Quire-Door, with it's Inſcription eraſed. It belonged to Alderman Leonard Carr, who gave 5 l. yearly for ever to the Poor of this Pariſh, and appointed it out of divers Houſes in the Butcher-bank. He was an Alderman of the Town before the Rebellion, and turned out by the Rebels.

HE deſerves a better Monument.

OPPOSITE to the Veſtry, on the South-ſide of the Altar, is a large Stone of that Kind call'd Touch-ſtone, raiſed above the Level of the Church. It is covered with Braſs on the Top of it, which has cut in it the Effigies of Roger Thornton, and his Wife, and alſo the Pictures, of the Apoſtles and other Saints, together with the Arms of his own Family, and that of the Family of the Lamleys. Becauſe the Arms of the Lumleys are on the Tomb, along with Thornton's Arms, it has been concluded, that the Daughter of this Roger married into this Family; but this is a grand Miſtake. This Roger died in the Year 1429. in the Reign of Hen. the 6th. Whereas Sir George Lumley, who married Elizabeth, the Daughter of Roger Thornton, died in the 23d of Hen. the 7th, 1508. It was therefore Roger Thornton's Grand-Daughter, the Daughter of his Son Roger Thornton, that was married into this Family. Dugdale in his Bar. Lumley, gives the following Account. Thomas Lumley, having been ſummoned to Parliament from the firſt of Edward 4th to the 12th of Hen. 7th incluſive, by Reaſon he had married a Baſtard Daughter of King Edward the 4th, departed this Life, leaving Iſſue George his Son and Heir, which George took to Wife Elizabeth, one of the Daughters and Heirs of Roger Thornton, Eſq a very wealthy Merchant of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, by whom he had the Lordſhips of Witton, in Com' Northumbr' Lulworth and the Iſle in the Biſhoprick. This Roger founded the Houſe of White-fryers in Newcaſtle. But after this Marriage, poſſeſſing theſe Land, in the Right of his Wife, there happened great Suits, and ſharp Conteſts, between Giles Thornton, a Baſtard Son to the ſaid Roger, and him, concerning the Inheritance of them: In which Quarrel this George kill'd the ſame Giles, in the Ditch at Windſor-Caſtle. This George lies interr'd amongſt his Anceſtors in Cheſter Church, in the County of Durham; He had Iſſuely the Daughter of Roger Thornton, Sir Thomas Lumley; he died Anno 23 Hen. 7. John Thornton of Netherwittton, Eſq is a Deſcendant of this Family of the Thornton's of Newcaſtle, and a very regular Poſſeſſor and Proprietor of the Manour of Witton.

The Inſcription upon the Stone is as follows.

Hic jacet Domiſella Agnes quondam Uxor Rogeri Thornton, quae obijt in Vigelia ſanctae Katerinae, Anno Domini MCCCCXI propitietur Deus. Amen.

[96]Hic jacet Rogerus Thornton Mercator Novicaſtri ſuper Tinam qui obijt Anno Domini Milleſimo CCCCXXIX & iii Die Januarii.

AS he was in his Life-time a great Benefactor to Churches, Religious Houſes, the Poor, &c. ſo he forgot them not in his laſt Moments, as appears by his laſt Will and Teſtament. Vide Anno Chriſt. 1429.

JOHN Gibſon, Merchant Adventurer, dy'd 17th of Feb. 1594.

WILLIAM Robinſon, Goldſmith, 1652.

WILLIAM Ramſey, ſometime Mayor of this Town, 1653.

WILLIAM Ramſey, Jun. ſometime Mayor of this Town, 1716.

Vivimus & Vitae Mors mala Fauſta Subit

GEORGE Bulman Baker and Brewer. 1710.

Nought can exempt from Death's Imperial Hand;
When it arreſts the Soul at God's Command;
Each State and Sex, as well the High as Low,
Muſt once ſalute the Grave and thither go.

RALPH Grey Merchant Adventurer, ſometimes Sheriff of this Town, May 30, 1666, aged 82.

The Eaſt End of the CHURCH.

HENRY Rawlin Merchant Adventurer, Alderman, and ſometime Mayor of this Town, May 8th, 1666.

Sepulchrum Richardi Burdus, Obijt 20th Dec. 1719.

JESUS be merciful to the Souls of Richard Borrel, his Wife and Children he Obijt 20 Nov. 1508. This is alſo the burial Place of Mr. Abraham Dixon, Maſter and Marriner, who dy'd Nov. 11. 1700.

THOMAS Andrew, 5 Oct. 1708.

THOMAS Wallis's burial Place, Shipwright.

MATTHEW White, Eſq twice Mayor of this Town, Governour of the Merchant's and Hoſtman's Companies. He had Iſſue 10 Children, Nicholas, Margaret, Elizabeth, Martha, Nicholas, Matthew, Mary, Iſabel, Robert, and Jane. He departed Oct. 10, 1716.

WILLIAM Aubone, Eſq Merchant Adventurer, Alderman, and ſometime Mayor of this Town, Sept. 20, 1700.

On Marble on the Wall.

UNDER the adjacent Marble is inter'd the Body of Thomas Wrangham, the famous and beloved Ship-builder of this Town, he married Jane the Daughter of Mr. Robert Carr, by whom he left Iſſue two Sons and one Daughter; Thomas, William, and Jane. He built Five and Forty Sail of Ships, and dyed of a Feaver in the 42d Year of his Age, May the 26th, 1689. He was a Man of a moſt generous Temper, of a plain and unaffected Converſation, and a ſincere and hearty Lover of his Friend.

[97] Statutum eſt omnibus ſemel mori.

THE Stone of the Wrangham's belong'd formerly to the Family of Mr. Robert Babington, and had his Arms on it.

About a Blue Stone is inſcrib'd,
All Worldly Pomp away doth Paſs,
Like fading Flowers, and wither'd Graſs.
George Borne, Cooper, and his Wives,
When Death doth end all mortal Strifes,
Truſt by the precious Death and Blood-ſhedding
Of Chriſt, to have Life everlaſting.

THE Date of this is worn off, but I meet with him in the Quality of Church-Warden of All-Hallows, in the Year 1578.

In the NORTH-ISLE.

JOHN Coſyn, Draper and Alderman, died the 21ſt of March, Anno Dom' 1661.

HERE lyeth interr'd the Body of George Morton, Draper, Alderman, and twice Mayor of this Town, he departed this Life the 26th Day of November, Anno Dom' 1693.

THIS John Coſyn, as well as Mr. Rawlin, (whoſe Monument is over-againſt his in the South Corner) was an Alderman in the Time of the Rebellion, of whom Sir George Baker ſaid, they were not truly Juſtices, tho' in the Place of Juſtices. This Coſyn was the firſt Exciſeman that ever was in this Town, and a Captain againſt the King; yet upon his Stone Mr. Pringle (as they ſay) cauſed this to be written,

A Conſcience pure, unſtain'd with Sin
Is Braſs without, and Gold within.

BUT ſome took Offence and ſaid thus,

A Conſcience Free he never had,
His Braſs was naught, his Gold was bad.
Milbank.

THE Burial Place of Henry Waters, Hoaſtman, and Dorothy his Wife, ſhe departed 24th of Feb. 1719.

GARRET Cocke, 1637.

ROBERT Young, Merchant Adventurer, 1670.

Poſt mortem aeternitas.

JOHN Johnſon, Hoaſtman.

ROBERT Cook Maſter and Mariner, Nov. 1673.

Sepulchrum Thomae Potts, Gen. et Margarettae uxoris.

WILLIAM Liddel, 1580.

[98] THOMAS Brown, Non mortuus ſed Dormio:

WILLIAM Dawſon, 1707.

THOMAS Crawforth, 1690.

MICHAEL Clerk.

THOMAS Dawſon, Ropemaker.

THE Burial Place of Thomas Monkhouſe, Tin-Plate Worker.

JOHN Colvil, Baker and Brewer, 1689.

TIMOTHY Rawlet, Hoaſtman.

JESUS have Mercy on the Soules of John Hodſhon Taylor, Margaret his Wife, and their Children; he departed the 11th of Nov. 1505.

JOSEPH Colepits Hoaſtman, 27 May, 1729, aged 41 Years.

ROBERT Watſon, 1724.

CUTHBERT Snow, 16 Aug. 1694.

SEAMEN'S Porch.

JAMES Brankſtone, 23 Nov. 1727.

WILLOUGHBY Hall, Shipwright.

JACOBUS Metham Generoſus vitam pro aeternitate mutavit 23 Apr. 1684. Willielmus Bigg Generoſus, et Johannes Hindmarch, Armig: Humanae ſortis et fragelitalis memores, hoc ſibi ſuiſque Deo volente ſupremum in Terris poſuerunt domicilium, uſque Feſtum Reſurrectionis mortuorum alta Pace Gaudendum

Maxima noſce mori vitae eſt Sapientia, vivit
Qui moritur, ſivis vivere, Diſce mori.
23 April 1684.

THE Burial Place of Thomas Airey, Hoaſtman.

THE Burial Place of Richard Hinkſter, and Jane his Wife.

JOHN Green, Confectioner, 13 May, 1681.

ANN Colvil, Oct. 12, 1686.

Weſt-End of the CHURCH.

Hic jacet Corpus Eſther Starkin quae obijt 22 Oct. 1681.

JOHN Addiſon, Fuller and Dyer.

GEORGE Graham, 28 December 1727, aged 82.

THERE is a Stone near the Font, which has many Years been ſuppoſed to be [99] very ancient. There was nothing to be ſeen upon it, but the 4 Evangeliſts, one at each Corner; It is the blue Stone at the Eaſt-ſide of the Font. It has on it at preſent the Name of Ridley.

In The MIDDLE-ISLE.

WILLIAM Stephenſon Ropemaker's Burial Place.

THOMAS Alliſon's Burial Place.

GEORGE Mitford, Barber Surgeon, and Jane his Wife.

HENRY Towart, Maſter and Mariner, his Burial Place.

CHANCEL.

RALPH Fell, Merchant Adventurer, 11th Feb. 1680.

JOHN Simpſon Hoaſtman, and Jane his Wife their Burial Place. In this Grave of theirs was buried their eldeſt Son Anderſon, ſo called as being a Deſcendant of the worthy and loyal Family of the Anderſon's of Braidley, who ſuffer'd ſo much in the Time of the Civil Wars, in Defence of their King and Country. He dyed May the 17th Anno 1730, in the 21ſt Year of his Age. He was a Youth of fine Parts, and good Learning, a great deal of Sweetneſs of Temper, and ſtrict Religion.

THERE is in this Part of the Church a very large Stone, inſculp'd with Braſs, of which ſeveral Years ago no more could be read than hic Tumulatus — dono dei datus mitis clero — promotor Eccleſiarum. My Authority imagines this to be the Burial Place of Robert Rhodes. He ſays, the Picture upon the Stone was very like that of Roger Thornton; all the Difference is, that the Gown of this Picture is not ſo deep as that of Thornton's. He conjectures it to be the burial Place of Robert Rhodes; becauſe of the Words Promotor Eccleſiarum, lib. All-Hall'. The Words Promotor Eccleſiarum are not now to be found. However, had they been there ſtill, I think they are but a weak Argument to prove that Robert Rhodes was buried here, when it is conſidered that he founded a Chantery in St. Nicholas, that his own Soul, and his Wife's might be prayed for. For People were generally buried in the ſame Church, and near the very Place, where they erected a Chantery or an Altar.

BUT whoever it is, this I think may be ſafely concluded from the Grandeur of the Grave Stone, that he was ſome wealthy Perſon; and from his being Promotor Eccleſiarum, that he was alſo Religious.

THE Effigies is very Tall, and is ſurrounded with very curious Pictures of the Saints, and ſome other Things; but the Braſs is now tearing off, and going very faſt into Ruin. It is a pity it ſhould not have more care taken of it, as it is an Ornament to the Church, and the Monument of it's Benefactor. The Promoters of Churches ſhould be always remember'd with the moſt grateful Reſpect, that they may be ſhining Lights to the moſt diſtant Ages.

I ſhall cloſe the Monuments of this Church with an Epitaph, ſaid to have been made upon Robert Wallas, formerly Clerk of this Church.

Here lies Robin Wallas,
The King of good Fellows;
Clark of All-Hallows,
And a Maker of Bellows:
[100]He Bellows did make 'till the Day of his Death,
But he that made Bellows could never make Breath.
LEGACIES left to the POOR of ALL-HALLOWS Pariſh in Newcaſtle upon Tyne.
 l.s.d.
LEFT by Mr. Thomas Smith, Shipwright, yearly for Ever, to be paid at Eaſter, out of ſeveral Houſes, the Sum of041810
LEFT by Mr. Cuthbert Woodman, Weaver, yearly for Ever, to be paid at Eaſter, out of a Houſe in Pilgrim-ſtreet, oppoſite to the Manour Chare-head, the Sum of001200
LEFT by Mr. Robert Anderſon, per Ann. which has not been paid ſince 1651, the Sum of050000
LEFT by Sir Alexander Daviſon, yearly for Ever, to be paid out of the Town's Chamber, at two Payments, viz. Michaelmas and Ladyday, the Sum of020000
SIR Thomas Daviſon010000
MR. Mark Milbank030000
MR. William Carr011000
SIR Mark Milbank060000
MR. John Rumney021000
 160000
LEFT by Mr. Andrew Aldworth, out of Houſes in Akewell-gate, due on St. Andrews's -day, the Sum of010000
LEFT by Mr. Leonard Carr, per Ann. out of ſeveral Houſes in the Butcher-Bank050000
LEFT by Henry Hilton, Eſq 6 l. per Ann. now reduced by Act of Parliament to040000
LEFT by Mr. William Carr, yearly for Ever, to be paid at Eaſter, out of ſeveral Houſes010606
LEFT by Mr. William Gibſon, Merchant, per Ann. out of a Houſe in Cowgate, now in the Poſſeſſion of Mrs. Carr, not been paid for ſeveral Years010000
LEFT by Mr. John Coſyns, Draper, the Sum of two Shillings per Week, which is Weekly to be diſtributed in Bread to ſuch poor People of the ſaid Pariſh as come to hear the publick Ordinances of God every Lord's-day, which he charg'd upon the Fleece Tavern by the Key, and amounts per Ann. to050400
LEFT by Mr. David Sheavil, Surgeon, per Ann. out of ſeveral Houſes040000
LEFT by Mr. Tho. Daviſon, to be paid yearly in the Month of December, out of the Merchants Company011000
LEFT by Sir William Blacket, Bart. per Ann. out of a Houſe at Tyne-Bridge-End, the Sum of020000
LEFT by Mr. John Collier, Shipwright, per Ann. to be paid at Chriſtmas; the Sum of030000
LEFT by Mr. Richard Hutchinſon, Rope-maker, per Ann. out of an Houſe on Sandhill050000
LEFT by Mr. George Collingwood, Houſe-Carpenter, per Ann. to be given to two poor Widows, who are to have it but once, ſo that all the poor Widows in the Pariſh may in turns enjoy the ſame; due at Martinmas, and diſtributed by the Miniſter and Church-wardens020000
LEFT by Timothy Daviſon, Eſq paid out of the Merchants Company, to be diſtributed amongſt credible Freemen, or Freemen's Widows (not of the Merchant's Company) yearly in December010500
LEFT by Henry Holmes, Eſq per Ann. to be made at two ſeveral Payments, viz. three Pounds the Monday after Chriſtmas Day, and three Pounds the Monday after Eaſter Day, the Sum of060000
LEFT by Nicholas Ridley, Eſq per Ann. and charged upon his Lands in Heaton, to be given eight Days before Eaſter010000
LEFT by Robert Fenwick, Eſq per Ann. and charged upon the Angel Inn, to be paid at Chriſtmas040000
LEFT by Mr. John Bee, Maſter and Mariner, per Ann. charged upon his two Meſſuages and Shop, by the Key, to be diſtributed by the Miniſter, for the Time being, at Chriſtmas060000
LEFT by Matthew White, Eſq per Ann. and charged upon an Houſe in Pilgrim-ſtreet, to be diſtributed upon Chriſtmas Day, or the Day after, among ten poor Houſe-keepers011000
LEFT by Mrs. Iſabel, Wife of William Wrightſon, Eſq per Ann. the Intereſt yearly to be diſtributed on September 30th500000
LEFT by Mr. William Harriſon, Hoaſtman, per Ann. the Intereſt yearly to be diſtributed on St. Andrew's Day1500000
LEFT by Mrs. Margaret Ramſey, per Ann. the Intereſt yearly to be diſtributed200000
LEFT by Mr. Edward Potts, Shipwright, per Ann. the Intereſt yearly to be diſtributed200000
LEFT by Mrs. Anne Handcock, per Ann. the Intereſt to be diſtributed by the Church-wardens to ſuch poor People as are conſtant frequenters of divine Worſhip500000

All-Saints CHARITY-SCHOOL in Newcaſtle upon Tyne, was ſet up by a Voluntary SUBSCRIPTION, in the Year of our Lord, 1709, and has been continued ever ſince on the ſame Footing; and further ſupported by ſeveral accidental Contributions.

[102]
The NAMES of the SUBSCRIBERS, and Sums ſubſcribed when the SCHOOL was Founded.
 l.s.d.
ROBERT Fenwick, Eſq Mayor, per Annum40000
John Cuthbert, Eſq Recorder20000
Mrs. Phaebe Blakiſton20000
Matthew White, Eſq20000
Mr. William Wrightſon20000
Mr. Henry Milburn20000
Mr. Henry Reay20000
Mr. John Baxter10000
Mr. Thomas Robinſon10000
John Rogers, Eſq50000
Mr. George Nixon10000
Mr. William Raper10000
Mr. Joſeph Green10000
Mr. William Harriſon, Senior10000
Mr. Lionel Dixon01000
Mr. John Anderſon01000
Mr. Lionel Forſter01000
Mr. Edward Brumwell10000
Mrs. Jane Binks01000
Mr. Robert Vipont01000
Mr. John Maddiſon10000
Mr. Edward Grey10000
Mr. Henry Waters10000
Mr. John Johnſon10000
Mr. Francis Armorer10000
Mr. Luke Conyers01000
Mr. John Story10000
M,. Jeremiah Cook10000
Mr. Thomas Turner10000
Mr. Thomas Campion10000
Mr. John Binks01000
Mr. Jonathan Tyzack01000
Mr. Perigrine Henzell01000
Mr. Bartholomew Kent01000
The Reverend Mr. Leonard Shafto20000
The Reverend Mr. Charles Ward20000
Mr. Robert Webſter01000
Mr. Lionel Colepits10000
Mr. Thomas Wallis01000
Mr. Matthew Bell10000
Mrs. Dorothy Dawſon10000
Mrs. Julian Hindmarſh11000
Brought over511000
Mr. Mark Browell10000
Mr. Edward Colvill10000
Mr. Richard Burdus01000
Mr. George Hinckſter01000
Mr. Gerrard Robſon10000
Mr. Matthew Dale01000
Mr. William Harriſon, Junior10000
Mr. John Simpſon10000
Mr. Thomas Allan, Senior10000
Mr. Thomas Allan, Junior10000
Mr. Henry Atkinſon10000
Mr. Timothy Rawling10000
Mr. William French01000
Mr. Ellis Inchball01000
Mr. Ralph Reed10000
Mr. Charles Atkinſon20000
Mr. William Green10000
Mr. Tobias Blakiſton10000
Mr. John Swaddell10000
Mr. James Taylor10000
Mr. Samuel Joblin10000
Mr. James Dawſon, Yarmouth10000
Mr. Jonathan Rodam10000
Mr. Robert Shafto01000
Mr. Thomas Elliot01000
Mr. George Hankin01000
Mrs. Frances Reed01000
Mr. Henry Dent01000
Mrs. Mary Harriſon01000
Mr. George Iley10000
Mrs. Barbary Nicholls20000
Mr. John Campbell10000
Mr. Lancelot Cramlington10000
Robert Eden, Eſq20000
 830000
The Names of the SUBSCRIBERS, and Sums by each paid in the Year 1731.
 l.s.d.
WALTER Blacket, Eſq50000
Nicholas Fenwick, Eſq70000
Matthew White, Eſq20000
Henry Reay, Eſq20000
John Rogers, Eſq50000
Mr. William Dixon01000
Mr. John Maddiſon11000
Mr. Thomas Binks00500
Mr. Henry Waters30000
Mrs. Mary Johnſon11000
Mr. Francis Armorer, Senior11000
Mr. John Story10000
Mrs. — Andrews01000
The Reverend Mr. Farrington20000
Brought over321500
The Reverend Mr. Shafto20000
Mr. George Colepitts11000
Mr. Ralph Sowerby11000
Mr. Matthew Bell11000
Mr. Thomas Wallis11000
Mrs. Julian Hindmarch11000
Mrs. Jane Rodam11000
Two Mrs. Browells11000
Mr. John Simpſon11000
Thomas Allan, Eſq20000
Mr. Lionel Allan11000
Mr. Henry Atkinſon10000
Mr. John Morris11000
Mr. Charles Atkinſon20000
Mr. John Colvill11000
The Trinity Houſe60000
Matthew Fetherſton, Eſq20000
Mr. Henry Coulſon20000
Mr. Thomas Dennet, London10000
The Butchers Company60000
The Shipwrights Company30000
The Surgeons Company11000
The Rope-makers Company11000
Mr. Thomas Waſs11000
Edward Collingwood, Eſq11000
Mr. Joſeph Smith11000
Mr. John Anderſon11000
Mr. George Simpſon11000
Mrs. Anne Harriſon01000
Mr. Cuthbert Nicholſon01500
Mr. Thomas Shafto11000
The Reverend Mr. Maddiſon01500
Mr. John Burfield01500
Mr. Chriſtopher Dawſon11000
Mr. Joſeph Liddell11000
Mr. Francis Armorer, Junior11000
Joſeph Ledgard, Eſq11000
 970000
Money collected at All-Saints Church when the annual Sermons were preached for the Benefit of the Charity-Children.
    l.s.d.
Anno1709THE Rev.Dr. Elliſon151006
1710Mr. Shafto160200
1711Mr. Charles Ward230900
1712Mr. Wilcox240702
1713Mr. Cuthbert Elliſon221604
1714Mr. Shadforth251700
1715Mr. Browell2619
1716Mr. Farrington201200
1717Mr. Chilton230109
  Brought over1981411½
1718Mr. John Elliſon210606¾
1719Mr. Cowling200205
1720Mr. Dockwray191406
1721Mr. R. Cuthberts171108
1722Mr. Sharp270300
1723Dr. Mangey220406¾
1724Mr. Bourne211008
1725Mr. Bradford171402
1726Mr. William Hall150306
1727Mr. Fetherſton171909½
1728Mr. Thompſon160410
1729Mr. Turnor170805¾
1730Mr. Sacker230409½
1731Dr. Banſon231805½
1732Mr. Turnor161607½
  4961811¾
Accidental CONTRIBUTIONS.
   l.s.d.
Anno1709FROM unknown Hands, by the Rev. Mr. Char. Ward030309
1711Mr. Alderman Whinfield's Legacy yearly031604
1712The Town of Newcaſte towards Building a Gallery for the Charity Children in all Saints Church150000
 From unknown Hands by the Rev. Mr. Char. Ward020900
1713Mr. Thomas Campion's Legacy200000
 Mr. William Harriſon's ditto200000
1714Madam Rogers500000
 Mr. Thomas Waſs050000
 Mr. Michael Bland020700
 The Coopers Company001000
1715Mrs. Mayor's Legacy020000
 The Surgeons Company010000
 Edward Collingwood, Eſq001500
 The Rev. Mr. Farrington001500
1716Madam Nichols Legacy100000
 Mr. Edward Slater001500
 The Rope-makers Company011000
 Mr. Alderman Ramſey's Legacy500000
 Mr. Alderman Atkinſon's Legacy yearly051400
1717From Stockholm and Yarmouth, by Mr. Ja. Dawſon110000
 From a Perſon who deſired not to be Nam'd500000
1718Mr. Samuel Green's Legacy1000000
 Some Company at the king's-head by Mat. White, Eſq001600
1719Mr. Thomas Elliot's Legacy1000000
1720Mr. Thomas Burdus's ditto100000
 Mrs. Ramſey's ditto250000
1721Mr. James Clay's ditto050000
 From a Perſon which deſired not to be Nam'd200000
 Mr. Tyzack's Legacy050000
1722Capt. James Taylor's Legacy500000
 Mrs. Mary Lane050000
1724Mrs. Mary Collingwood's Legacy010000
 Brought over5771101
1724Mrs. Mary Jackſon's ditto050000
 Mrs. Chriſtian Bulman's ditto200000
 Mrs. Spearman's ditto100000
1728Mrs. Iſabel Collingwood ditto010100
1729Mr. Joſeph Colpitts ditto200000
 Mrs. Reed's ditto500000
 Mr. Thomas Bates ditto500000
 Mr. Alderman Coulſon's ditto500000
  7831201

THERE are 41 Boys taught to read, write, and caſt Accounts, by John Davenport, the preſent Maſter: And 17 Girls are taught to read, knit, ſew, make, and mend their own Cloaths, by Hannah Johnſon, the preſent Miſtreſs.

THESE Children have Coats and Caps once a Year, and Shoes, Stockings, Shirts, and Bands twice a Year: And at their leaving the School, they have Forty Shillings each to put them out Apprentice, or equip them for Services, and each of them a Bible, with the Common-Prayer, a Whole Duty of Man, and Lewis's Catechiſm.

THE Magiſtrates of Newcaſtle gave a Room, wherein the Girls are taught, and contributed towards Building a Gallery in All-Saints Church for the Children, and likewiſe gave Ground, whereon to build a School for the Boys, and a Houſe for the Maſter: The Charge of which was defrayed out of ſeveral Legacies left to the School.

TWO Hundred Thirty Four Boys and Girls have been in all put out ſince the School was ſet up.

IN the Year 1728, ſome Gentlemen of this Pariſh founded a Lecture by Subſcription, for the Inſtruction of the People in the Rubrick and Liturgy of the Church. It was ſettled upon Henry Bourne, the Curate of this Church, and was opened on Low-Sunday the ſaid Year. It is held every other Sunday in the Summer at 6-o'Clock in the Evening, and continues from Low-Sunday, 'till the Sunday after Holy-Croſs, or the 14th of September.

The FOUNDERS and BENEFACTORS Names at the opening of it.
  • CUTHBERT Fenwick, Eſq Mayor.
  • SIR WILLIAM Blacket, Bart.
  • RICHARD RIDLEY, Eſq
  • NICHOLAS Fenwick, Eſq
  • HENRY Reay, Eſq
  • STEPHEN Coulſon, Eſq
  • EDWARD Collingwood, Eſq
  • THE REV. Mr. Bradford, Vicar of Newcaſtle.
  • MR. John Simpſon
  • MR. Charles Atkinſon
  • MR. Joſeph Liddell
  • MR. Henry Waters
  • MR. George Hinkſter
  • MR. Joſeph Colepitts
  • MR. John Morris
  • MR. Joſeph Smith
  • MR. James Hargrave
  • [107] THOMAS Hindmarſh, Eſq
  • MRS. Alice Colepitts
  • MR. Ralph Sowerby
  • MR. William Selby
  • MR. John White
  • MR. Francis Armorer
  • MR. Thomas Alliſon

SINCE then Mr. Henry Coulſon, Mr. George Mitford, Mr. Richard Johnſon, Mr. Thomas Hall, Mr. William Trotter have encreaſed the Number of Subſcribers.

THE Curate of this Church is the Miniſter of it. The Vicar pays him 4 l. per Annum, and the Crown 5 l. The reſt of his Income ariſes from the Surplice Fees, Regiſter, &c. It was formerly the Cuſtom to have two Clerks for this Church. But in the Year 1708, it was thought more convenient for the Pariſh, and leſs Burthenſome to the Miniſter (who had one of the largeſt Cures in the Kingdom to manage) to have an Aſſiſtant; accordingly Abraham Wilcox, M. A. was put into the Clerk's Place, which was vacant by the Death of John Pinkney, and was allow'd the Fees of the Clerk for Weddings, Burials and Chriſtnings; which amounts to 50 l. per Annum: Mr. Wilcox was ſucceeded by Ambroſe Fenwick, M. A. afterwards Vicar of Standfordham; He by William Hall, &c.

THERE are other two Clergymen belonging to this Church, which are Lecturers, and paid by the Town; the one for Preaching in the Morning has 100 l. per Annum, and the other for Preaching in the Afternoon 100 l. per Annum.

ALL the Miniſters of this Church I have been able to collect are theſe following.

The CURATES.
  • SAMUEL Barker, 1617.
  • ROBERT Bonner, 1639. He was both ſequeſtred and impriſon'd for his Loyalty in the Civil Wars.
  • ROWLAND Salkeld, 1660.
  • TIMOTHY Fenwick, 1672.
  • RALPH Grey
  • JOSEPH Bonner, afterwards Vicar of Bolam.
  • PETER Straughan, 1695.
  • ANTHONY Procter, 1697.
  • RICHARD Muſgrave, A. B. 1703.
  • CUTHBERT Elliſon, A. M. of Lincoln College, in Oxford, the preſent Vicar of Stannington.
  • HENRY Bourne, M. A. of Chriſt Col. Cambridge, 1722. The preſent Curate.
Morning LECTURERS.
  • Durant R. Predeux in the Time of the Civil Wars.
  • LEONARD Shafto, A. M.
  • WILLIAM Mair.
  • NATHANIEL Elliſon, M. A. afterwards Vicar of St. Nicholas.
  • NATHANIEL Chilton, A. M.
  • LEONARD Shafto, A. M. He was alſo Rector of Gateſhead, he was a very uſeful Preacher, a Man of great Generoſity and Hoſpitality, a hearty and ſincere Friend, and one of extenſive Charity and Benevolence. He died Auguſt 27, 1731, and was buried in Gateſhead Church.
  • Sept. 27, 1731. Hugh Farington, M. A. formerly Fellow of St. John's Col. in Camb. ſucceeded him, who is the preſent Lecturer.
Afternoon LECTURERS.
  • THOMAS Knaggs, A. M.
  • RALPH Emmerſon, A. M.
  • CHARLES Ward, A. M. an excellent Preacher.
  • HUGH Farrington, A. M.
  • HENRY Fetherſtonhaugh, B. D. late Fellow of St. John's Col. Camb. the preſent Afternoon Lecture.

THERE are Prayers at this Church every Day at 10-o'Clock in the Morning, and 4 in the Afternoon. The Sacrament is adminiſtred at this Church every ſecond Sunday in the Month. It was formerly uſual for the Town to preſent this Church, at the High Feſtival of Eaſter, with twenty one Gallons of Wine.

OPPOSITE to the Weſt Stairs of this Church is an Alms-Houſe, which was in good Repair, as we are informed by the Milbank Manuſcript, about 100 Years ago, at which Time the Church-Wardens allowed them 20 s. per Annum, for Coals for four Women. It is now in very bad Repair, and going faſt into Ruins. At preſent the People in it, are allowed eight Chaldron of Coals per Annum, and three Shillings per Quarter by the Church-wardens.

ON the South-ſide of this Church are two Pair of Stairs; thoſe oppoſite to the Quire-Door lead into a narrow Street called the Dog-bank; but formerly, as appears by ſome ancient Writings, Silver-ſtreet: The other Pair lead into the Butcher-Bank, which is a narrow Street, and a great Deſcent. It is moſtly inhabited by Butchers, who have their Shops and Houſes there. In this are many narrow Lanes called Chares, which lead into the Key-ſide. This leads into the Street called the Side, and into the Sand-hill. It was called formerly All-Hallows Bank.

CHAP. IX. Of the CASTLE-YARD.

[109]

IN order now to go regularly down into the lower Parts of the Town, let us ſet off from the South-ſide of the Steeple of St. Nicholas, which leads directly to the Top of the Street called the Side. Whilſt I am here I can't help obſerving, that were the Houſes belonging to Mr. Partis, &c. which are ſituated from the Porch Door of St. Nicholas, to the ſaid Street, taken away, the Belfry and Steeple would look much more grand and magnificent; and whereas this Great Ornament of the Town is now almoſt hid as a Traveller comes up this Street, it would then be wholly expos'd, and ſtrike the Beholders with Awe and Wonder.

AFTER you have croſſed the upper Part of this Street, there is a Paſſage leading to Bailiff-Gate, which has a Turn upon the Left-hand, that goes into the Caſtle-yard, the Place where is ſituated the Caſtle of this Town.

[110]BEFORE the Conqueſt the old Round Tower was probably in Being, and was the old Caſtle, or Fort of Monkcheſter; and after the Conqueſt, when the other Caſtle was built, it was called, (to diſtinguiſh it from the old Caſtle) the New-Caſtle, which in a ſmall Time after gave Name to the whole Place. Something to this Purpoſe are theſe two or three Words about it, in the Manuſcript of John Milbank, Eſq That this new Caſtle may be diſtinguiſhed from the old one. The Uſe of this Tower, as the ſame Authority informs us, was made to ſecure the Paſs to the Bridge in former Times.

THIS new Caſtle was built by Robert Curthois, the Son of William the Conqueror in the Year 1080 as has been before obſerved. But notwithſtanding this, and that it gives a new Name to the Place, yet whatever Priviledges belonged to Monkcheſter (for ſo the Town was then called) continued with it, nor did the Caſtle impair them in the leaſt.

De reb. Novocaſt.IT has been a Building of very great Strength, and very fit for what it was deſign'd, and yet in the Reign of King John we have an Account of it's being repair'd by that King, and that he was obliged in the making of a Ditch to deſtroy divers Houſes, for which he ſatisfied the Owners, as may be ſeen in our Account of that King's Charter to this Town.

THE firſt Account we meet with of it after it was built, is of it's being beſieged by William Rufus. For Robert Mowbray, Earl of Northumberland, having oppoſed him, he came down and laid Siege to the Caſtle, and conquer'd Newcaſtle; upon which Robert fled, and abſconded in Bamburgh-Caſtle; but was afterwards taken by the King's Party, and carried Priſoner to Windſor.

AMONG ſeveral Rents and Revenues ariſing to this Caſtle, the following were ſome.

THE Barony of the William Herron, Hen. I. eum Feoſt: Herons, which contain'd One William regularly deſcended from this William died in the 25th of Edward the 1ſt, and left no Male Iſſue; ſo that Emelin, his only Daughter, was the Heir of the Barony. She married into the Family of John Lord D' Arcy, and transferr'd this Manour of Haddeſton and divers others into that Family. Lord D' Arcy abovementioned, dy'd poſſeſs'd of this Manour at Norton in Lincolnſhire, 30th Edward the 3d. In the 1ſt of Hen. IV. Thomas Lord Lumley died poſſeſſ'd of it, and left it to Sir John Lumley his Brother. This Family is ſo named from Lomley a Town ſituated on the Bank of the River Were, where their Seat was. They are deſcended from Liulph, a Perſon of great Nobility in the Time of King Edward the Confeſſor, who married Algitha the Daughter of Aldred, Earl of Northumberland. Sir George Lumley, Knight, he that married the Grand-daughter of Roger Thornton of this Town, was in great repute in the County of Durham, in the Reign of Edward the 4th, being High Sheriff in the 2d of that Reign; in the 6th, Knight of the Shire; in the Year 8, High Sheriff again, in which Office he continued three Years more. But none of this great and ancient Family was ever higher in the Eſteem of his Prince, none in greater Repute in his Country, than is the preſent noble Succeſſor, Richard, Earl of Scarborough, who is alſo Viſcount Lumley and Waterford, Baron Lumley of Lumley, Maſter of the Horſe to his Majeſty, Lord Lieutenant of the Counties of Durham and Northumberland, Knight of the moſt Noble Order of the Garter, one of his Majeſty's moſt honourable Privy-Council, &c. Haddeſton, Chirton, This Village is about two ſhort Miles diſtant from the Town of Newcaſtle. How it came out of the Hands of this Family of the Herons, is not known. But in the 11th of Edward the 2d, it was the Lordſhip of Jeffrey de Scrope, of Maſham in Yorkſhire. After him Ralph, Lord Grayſtake, was Lord of it. In the Reign of K. Henry the 6th, this Manour was in the Poſſeſſion of William Fitz Hugh, who dy'd and left it to his Son Henry. It is now in the Poſſeſſion of Mr. Tho. Bigg and Mrs. Jane Sanderſon, who have there a Houſe and Garden, at which they reſide in the Summer Seaſon. Little-Benton, Coldwell, This Place in latter Ages was the Seat of the Wodrington's, who in the Reigns of Henry 6th, Edward 4th, and Henry 8th, were High Sheriff's of Northumberland. Swinburne, and Flatford paid for Caſtle-ward and Cornage;

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For Cornage000510

[111]THE Hen. I. Simonem de Devilſtone, Feof: Barony of Dilſtone, containing Dilſton, a ſmall Village, ſtanding on the South-ſide of the Tyne, call'd in old Books and ancient Records, Devilſtone, from a ſmall Brook running on the Weſt-ſide of it whoſe Name Bede ſays was Devilsburn, and emptying itſelf into Tyne. The Barony in which it ſtands takes it's Name from it, and is at this Day called the Barony of Devilſtone. We have not yet met with the Original Barons of it. We obſerve a Family in our ancient Hiſtories, bearing the Surname of Deivill or Deiville, which might probably be Owners of the Manour of Devilſtone, i. e. the Town of Devils, for John Deiville was Governour of Scarborough Caſtle in Yorkſhire, and built a Caſtle of his own at a certain Place called the Hode in that County; but having no ground for this Conjecture in Hiſtory, we ſhall leave it to the Reader to accept, or reject it, tho' the Name being a little Unuſual, and looking as if its Original were derived from the Evil Spirit that bears that Name, we thought fit to give ſome Account of it. Bede in the ſame Place, viz. lib. 3. c. 1. tells us, that here it was that S. Oſwald, armed with the Chriſtian Edith, ſlew in a fair Field Cedwell the Briton, a wretched Tyrant, who had before ſlain Two Kings of Northumberland, Oſrick King of the Deirans and Eanfrid of the Bernicians, and miſerably waſted their Country: But the Author of the Additions of Cambden contradicts Mr. Cambden, and tells us, that all the Latin Copies of Bede, that he had ſeen, ſay, That Oſwald's Victory was obtain'd in loco qui Lingua Anglorum Deniſesburn vocatur, i. e. in the Place called by the Engliſh Deniesburn, and the Saxon Copies of King Alfred's Paraphraſe have Denisses, Deni, ces and Denises burna, And the Saxon Chronicle hath not made any Mention of this Story. Sir Francis Ratcliffe, or Radelive, Bart. deſcended of the ancient Family of Ratcliff's Earls of Suſſex, who was made a Baron of this Realm, March 7, 1687-8 did bear the Title of Baron of Dilſton, Viſcount Ratcliff and Langley, and Earl of Derwentwater in Cumberland. He died anno 1696-7, and was buried in the Church of this Place. The laſt Earl of this Family was James Ratcliffe. He was beheaded on Tower-Hill, Anno 1715. for being concerned in the Rebellion of that Year. Devil, or Dilſtone, Corbidge, a Town ſituated upon the North Bank of the River Tine; which takes it's Name from the Bridge laid there over that River for Traffick into the Southern Parts of the County, and the reſt of England, and the ancient Roman Name found in Antonine's Itinerary, called Corſtopitum or rather Corſtopilum (as it is read in the Edition of H. Surita) which, as Henry of Huntington teſtifies was for Brevity Sake called Cure or Cor. Here, according to the Deſcription of Ptolomy was the Curia Ottodinorum, i. e. The Court of the Ottodini or Northumbrians. The Manour of this Town, 8 Ed. 2. or ſoon after, was purchaſed by Henry Percy, a wealthy Northumbrian, who was then in great favour with that Prince. He, making a Settlement of his Great Eſtate in the 7th of Edw, the 3d, gave two Parts of this Manour to his Son and Heir Henry Percy, which he then was in Poſſeſſion of, and the third Part after the Death of Hawiſe, the Widow of John Clavering, who held it then in Dower; but this Henry died ſeized of the whole Manour, Feb. 26, 26 Edw. 3. and left it with other great Eſtates to his Son and Heir of the ſame Name, who accordingly ſoon after the Livery of his Lands, ſaving to his Mother Idonea her reaſonable Dower, who had aſſigned her for it among other Lordſhips this of Corbridge, which was not long come into his Poſſeſſion; but it was ſettled upon his Death upon his ſecured Wife Joan for her Dower, How this Manour was alienated in the ſame Reign we cannot diſcover; but do find 10 Rich. 2d. that Alice the Widow of Ralph Lord Nevil of Raby had for her Dowry among other Manours and Rents, Twenty Pounds per ann. out of his Manour of Corbrigge. At this Day there is nothing remarkable in this Town but the Church and a little Tower-houſe, fitted up and inhabited by the Vicars of the Place; yet there are ſo many Ruins of ancient Buildings, as prove it once to have been a large and ſpacious Town. King John ſuppoſing that either an Earthquake or ſome ſudden Invaſion might be the Cauſe of ſo great Deſolations, and the Inhabitants had no Time or Way to remove their Wealth, did not doubt but he might find a great Deal of Treaſure upon a diligent Search; but Fortune fauoured his Attempt no more than it did Nero's in his Enquiries after the concealed Riches of Dido at Carthage, for he found nothing but Stones mark'd with Braſs, Iron and Lead. The Vicarage of this Town being [...] all a Value, as not to be a ſuitable Maintenance for the Miniſter, the Dean and Chapter of Carliſle, ſince the Reſtoration of King Charles II. made an Augmentation to it of 20 lib. per annum. But tho' King John diſcovered nothing conſiderable here, yet there was found out accidentally about 40 Years ago, a Thing very remarkable. The Bank of a ſmall Torrent, which comes down from the Wall's Side by this Town, being worn away by ſome impetuous Land floods, the Skeleton of a Man appeared of a very extraordinary and prodigious Size, the Length of his Thigh bone was within a very little of Two Yards, and the Skull, Teeth, and other Parts proportionably monſtrous; ſo that by a fair Computation, the true Length of the whole Body may be will reckoned at Seven Yards. Some Parts of it were in the Poſſeſſion of the right Honourable the late Earl of Derwentwater at Dilſton, in 1695, who was much pleaſed with the Rarity; but his Lordſhip not having Notice of it, 'till it was in a great Meaſure ſquandred away, and loſt by the careleſs Diſcoverers, he could not by all his Inquiries make it ſo compleat, as any that have a Regard to ſuch Curioſities could heartily wiſh it were: But ſince there was not found here an intire Skeleton, but Great Numbers or Strata of Teeth and Bones of a very extraordinary Size, and withal a Sort of Pavement, or Foundation of Stone running along with theſe Strata; and ſince here hath an Altar inſcribed to Hercules been digged up, what if we ſhould affirm that theſe are the Teeth and Bones of Oxen, and other like Creatures, which were ſa [...]rificed at the Temple dedicated to Hercules, ſtanding in this Place, Ex Mag. Brit. Corbrigg, Togeſton, &c. paid to the Caſtle;

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For Cornage001000

[112]THE Barony of Whalton, Hwanton or Qualton, a large Manour with many Fees thereunto belonging, as the Manours of Lington, Linton, &c. It was the Eſtate anciently of Robert de Cramavil, which he held for himſelf and his Heirs by the Service of three Knight's Fees; but becauſe he did not make Performance to King John of what he expected, the King ſeized his Eſtate, and Reg. 7. beſtowed this Manour upon Robert Fitz Roger, in whoſe Poſterity it continued 'till John Fitz Robert, who (leaving the old Faſhion of framing Sirnames out of the Chriſtian Names of their Fathers, as his Anceſtors had done, and was hitherto uſed by many Families) laid aſide the Name of Fitz Robert, and at the Command of King Edward the 1ſt took the Name De Clavering, dying without any Legitimate Iſſue, he ſettled great Part of his Eſtate on King Edward the 1ſt, and his Heirs; and the reſt was either ſold in his Life-time, or left to his own Heirs. This Manour, by what Title we know not, is found to be in the Family of the Scroops of Maſham, for 13 Ed. 3d, Sir Geffery Scroop, Banneret, died ſeized of this Manour of Whalton, with many other Eſtates, which he left to his Son and Heir Henry, in whoſe Poſterity (who were ſummoned to Parliament from the 8th of Henry IV to the 9th of Henry VIII.) It continued 'till Geffrey Lord Scroop dying in that Year without Iſſue, his three Siſters became his Heirs. Ex Mag. Brit. Mr. John Shaw, Miniſter of St. John's in Newcaſtle, was Rector of this Place in the Times of the late Rebellion. He was inſtituted and inducted into his Living in 1645, but not permitted to enjoy it; however he was allowed to have the Church of Bolton in Yorkſhire, and held it 'till the Reſtoration of King Charles, when he came into Poſſeſſion of Whalton. He was a Perſon of Eminency for his Conduct as well as Learning, and was ſeveral Times choſen to repreſent the Clergy of thoſe Parts in the Convocation. He died in a good old Age in 1689. His Writings ſhou'd have been commemorated before, they are theſe following. The Pourtraiture of the primitive Saints in their Actings and Sufferings, according to Saint Paul's Canon, Heb. xi. one Part whereof, to Verſe 23. was preached at Newcaſtle 1652. The other, from Verſe 22 to the End, was preached at the ſame Place in 1659. Both which were afterwards publiſhed in Quarto. Origo Proteſtantium, or an Anſwer to a Popiſh Manuſcript of N. Ns. that would fain make the Proteſtant Catholick Religion bear Date at the very Time when the Roman Popiſh commenced in the World, wherein Proteſtancy is demonſtrated to be elder than Popery. Lond. 1677 and 79. Quarto. Anſwer to the Jeſuit's Letter— Printed with the former Book, and the Jeſuit's Letter with it. No Reformation of the eſtabliſhed Religion. Lond. 1685. Octavo. Walton given by King John to Robert Son of Roger, and confirm'd by his Charter, contain'd Walton, Ripplingdon, Newham, Denton, Newbiggin, Kenton is a pleaſant Village about two Miles Weſt of Newcaſtle. It ſeems to have got its Name from its Situation; for it ſtands upon a Hill, and ſo is a Town that one may Ken from far, or ſee at a good Diſtance. In the Reign of Edward II. in the Year 1313, when the Battle of Bannockburn was fought, one Sir John de Kenton Knight was High Sheriff of Northumberland. It has been in the Poſſeſſion of ſeveral good Families, and is now chiefly belonging to Walter Blacket, Eſq The Road to this Village from the Town-moor, has on each Side of it Fields ſo well cultivated, and Hedges ſo adorn'd with Plantations, that in the Summer-ſeaſon it is a moſt pleaſing Walk. Kenton, Gosford, the Barony of Richard ſur Tees, or upon the Teas, becauſe his Seat was upon the Bank of that River, a Perſon of great Repute in the Reign of King Henry I. Gosford, and Fawden; and alſo Ogle, or as we find it in old Writings, Oggil or Oggle, the Lordſhip and Seat of a Family that took their Name from it, being called de Oggle. Of this Family our Hiſtories mention John de Oggil in 49 Henry III. who, for adhering to the rebellious Barons of that Reign had his Lands extended; but his Deſcendants recovered their Eſtate, and Robert de Oggle in 15 Edward III. obtained a Licence to make a Caſtle of his Manour-houſe at Oggle, and to have free Warren in all his Demeſne Lands within his Lordſhip of Oggle, &c. in this County. This Robert married Helena Bertram, the ſole Daughter and Heir of Sir Robert Bertram Knight, Baron of Bothail, by whom he had Iſſue Robert, who died before his Father, but left a Son Robert, who after his Grandmother's Death doing his Homage had Livery of her Lands and Caſtle at Bothal. He in his Life-time ſettled his Inheritance deſcended to him from his Anceſtors, upon his eldeſt Son Sir Robert Oggle, and his Heirs,; and for Want of them, upon his younger Son John, whom he ſirnamed Bertram, to whom he gave his Barony of Bothal-Caſtle. His Grandſon Robert being a firm Adherent to the York-Intereſt, was by King Edward IV. advanced to the Dignity and Degree of a Baron of this Realm, by a Summons to his firſt Parliament, Reg. 1. His Poſterity being further enriched by the Marriages with the Heireſſes of Alan, Heton, and Alexander Kirby, for ſeveral Generations enjoyed his Honouur and this Manour, with his other Eſtates; but Iſſue-male ſailing in Cuthbert Lord Ogle, Katharine, who at length became his ſole Heir by the Death of her elder Siſter Joan, who was married to Edward Talbot, a younger Son of George Earl of Shrewsbury, but died without Iſſue, and was married to Sir Charles Cavendiſh of Welbeck Knight, is 4th Car. I. made by Letters Patent Baroneſs of Ogle of this Place. Her Son William having been made knight of the Bath in 1610, at the Creation of Henry Prince of Wales, was afterwards advanced to the Degree of a Baron, by the S [...]le and Title of the Lord Ogle, in 1620. He in the great Breach between King Charles I. and his Parliament, endeavoured to ſupport his Royal Maſter in his Authority and Power, and did many ſignal Things for that End, as raiſing Forces, fortifying the Town of Newcaſtle and Tinmouth, defending York, &c. which Services, tho' not crowned with the deſired Succeſs, yet were of ſo great Merit with King Charles II. at his Reſtoration, that he created him Earl of Ogle and Duke of Newcaſtle in 1664. The Title of the eldeſt Son of this Family in his Father's Life-time, is Earl of Ogle, by the Courteſy of England. Mag. Brit. Nathaniel Ogle, Eſq whoſe beautiful Seat is at Kirklaw in Northumberland, is a Deſcendant of this ancient Family of the Ogles. Oggle, Burndon, Horton [113] with Sticklaw and Hereford and Widdrington, Widdrington-Caſtle, or Woddrington, the Seat and Manour of an ancient and worthy Family of that Name, which had often ſignalized their Valour in the War againſt the Scots, and long flouriſh'd in great Repute in theſe Northern Parts, for Roger de Widdrington, was High Sheriff of this County, 36 Ed. 3d, as was John de Witherington, 11 Hen. 4th, and the ſame, or another of his Name, 4 Hen. 6. Roger Wodrington the 10th and 28th of the ſame Reign; Gerhard Wodrington, 5th Edw. 4th, John de Wodrington nine Years together in the ſame Reign, and John de Wodrington, 32 Hen. 8th, 6th Edw 4th, and 1ſt Eliz. But the Perſon which hath the moſt enobled this Family, was Sir William Wodrington, Knt. who having been High Sheriff in this County, 12th Car. 1ſt, was created a Baronet, July 9th, 1642; and having by the breaking out of the Civil War, or ſoon after, raiſed a conſiderable Power for his Majeſty's Service, which he put under the Conduct of William Cavendiſh then Earl (but after Duke) of Newcaſtle, as General, whereby he had his Share in the Honour of thoſe many Victories that General obtained at Tadcaſter, Yarm, Seacroft, Tankerſly, Leeds, Hallifax, Rotheram, Sheffield, Cheſterfield, Gaynsborough and Lincoln, but chiefly at Bradford in Yorkſhire, againſt the numerous Forces of the rebellions long Parliament; he was in Conſideration of his good Services thus done for the Royal Cauſe, advanced to the Honour of a Baron of this Realm, by the Title of Lord Witherington of Blankney, the Eſtate which came to him by Mary his Wife, the ſole Heir of Sir Anthony Thorold, Knt. of that Place in Lincolnſhire. He left ſeveral Sons, of whom William ſucceeded in his, P [...]ea [...]e and Honour, and his Grandſon William now enjoys them. This Place was forfeited to the Crown Anno 1715, the Lord of it being concerned in the Rebellion that was that Year raiſed againſt the King. He ſuffer'd not along with the Earl of Derwentwater, Lord Kenmuir, &c. but was graciouſly pardoned, and is alive at this Day. Wodrington, paid for Caſtleward and Cornage;

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For Cornage100000

THE Barony of Henzerus. Primus Hugonem de Bolbeck, Feoſ. Bolbeck, containing Stifford, Brumhall, Slavely, Shotton, Heddon on the Wall, Part of the Manour of Hugh de Bolbeck, who deſcended by the Mother's Side from the Noble Barons of Mont [...]chet. He had no Iſſue Male, but left four Daughters, Coheirs of his large Barony and Eſtate, viz. Philippa married to Roger de Lancaſter, Margery to Nicholas de Corbet, and afterwards to Ralph Lord Grayſtock, (as Mr. Cambden ſays) But Sir William Dugdale, Baron, 452. tells us, that it was Ralph, the Son of William Lord Grimthorp; Alice to Walter de Huntercumbe, and Mand, ſome Years after to Hugh de la Val, or as Cambden, J. Lovel. In an Original Charter, dated 1 Steph. whereby ſome Lands are conveyed to, and ſettled on the Church of Wincheſter, ſubſcribed by a great many Barons, we have Signum Walteri de Bolbec, Bar. Seld. Tit. Hon. Par. 2. c 5. p. 571. one Iſabel de Bolebec, firſt Countys of Oxford, founded a Convent of Dominicans in that City. Heddon of the Wall, Hedwin Eaſt, Thornton, Whitcheſter, Haughton, Of BENWALL. Mr. Cambden ſpeaking of Cheſter on the Street, ſays, he ſuppoſes it to have been the Condercum, where upon the Line of the Wall, the firſt Win [...] of the Aſtures kept Garriſon in the Roman Times, as the Notitia tells us. And this he conjeſtures, becauſe in the Saxon, Cheſtre is called Concester, and becauſe it is but a few Miles from the Wall. But others are of Opinion, that Benwall, a Village about two Miles Weſt of Newcaſtle, was the ancient Condercum, becauſe of the Antiquity of the Place, and its Nearneſs to the Wall; the Notitia deſcribed the Condercum, as upon the Line of the Wall. This indeed ſeems rather probable. For if a Place is ſaid to be ſituated ad lineam valli, one would think it ſhould not be far from the Wall, however not in the wrong Side of Tine. The Places of the Roman Garriſons ad lineam Valli, as far as I can iudge, have always been in theſe Counties which the Roman Wall paſt through; but no Body ſeen yet found out the leaſt Footſteps of it in the County of Durham. In this Village were lately found ſeveral Mens with Coins in them, which were moſt of them broken and ſquander'd about by the ignorant Diggers; but one of them being preſerved, was given to the Library at Durham, where it remains very intire. The Prior of Tinmouth was went to ſpend ſome Part of the Summer at this Village. It is now the Property of Robert Shafto Eſq and has been of his Anceſtors for many Years; the old Tower of Benwell-Hall was the Place where the Prior reſided, and the Chapel, which Mr. Shafto opens, and ſupplies, for the Good of the People of his Village, was the Prior's domeſtick Chapel. This Place is much frequented in the Summer-Seaſon for its pleaſing Situation and agreeable Diſtance from the Town, and at all Seaſons for the Hoſpitality of the worthy Proprietor. Benwell, Elſwick is a Village diſtant a ſhort Mile from Newcaſtle, it is ſituated on the North-ſide of the Tyne, upon the Brow of an Hill, not far from the River. It is exceedingly agreeable and pleaſant in the Summer, having about it ſome of the richeſt Grounds, whoſe Hedges are moſtly beſet with Trees. It is a Place much frequented in the Summer-Seaſon by the Town's People. Ralph Jeniſon, Eſq Member of Parliament for the County of Northumberland, is the preſent Poſſeſſor of it. Elſwick, Angerton, Hertbourne, Middleton, Morel, Burneton, Beril, Fenwick, the Manour and Eſtate of the eminent and valiant Family of the Fenwicks, whoſe Seat is here called Fenwick-Hall. Many of this Family have been Men of Note in the Reigns of our firſt Norman Kings; for John de Fenwick was High Sheriff for this County, 48 Edward III. and again (or it was another of the ſame Name) and Richard II. Henry de Fenwick, 6 Henry VI. Roger de Fenwick, 9 Henry VII. Ralph de Fenwick, Eſq 7th Henry VIII. William Fenwick, 20th 31ſt of Eliſabeth, and Sir John Fenwick, knight; the w [...]th Tear of King James I. Sir John Fenwick his Grandſon, was beheaded in the Reign of King William. Fenwick [114] Matifin-Eaſt-Hawkwell Shalow, Middleton-South, Cambhow, Hert-Weigh-Hawick, Kirkherle, Rocheley, Newton-Grange, and the Moiety of Bywell, paid

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For Caſtle-ward030608
For Cornage011200

THE Barony of Bolam, a ſmall Village, of which Mr. George Forſter was Miniſter. He was turned out in 1646, and ſeverely fined for not reſigning without Oppoſition; but was allow'd for Fifths 4 l. 6 s. 8 d. which was ill pail; but not being ſufficient to maintain his Family,Joan Rex Feofalio. he took a Farm, and he was plunder'd of his Hay and Corn, and had been impriſoned, but he got Bail. He lived to 1660, when he was reſtored, and died aged 81. The Reverend Mr. George Fenwick, of Chriſt College Cambridge, is the preſent Vicar. Bolam, containing Bolam, Litedon, Burneton, Thornbury, Cupum, Parvam, Wittington, Hayden, Belſon, Bradeford, Denum, Trewick and Tunſtal, paid

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For Caſtle-ward020000
For Cornage000800

THE Barony of Henry I. Richardum de Gaugye Feof. Gaugye, containing Ellingham, Cramlington, the Manour and Eſtate of Robert de Gaugi, a great Man in the Reign of King John, and by him entruſted with the Government of divers Caſtles at Times, to defend them againſt the rebellious Barons, which he did faithfully and to his own Advantage; for 3d Henry III. it was certified, that the Barony of this Robert (now as we conceive, called the Barony of Caugif, for Gaugi) in this County, conſiſted of this and divers other Manours, which he held of the King by the Service of three Knights Fees. This Manour is now the Property of Robert Lawſon, Eſq of Chirton. Crawlington, Heaton is a ſmall Village diſtant from Newcaſtle about a Mile and a Half Eaſtward. It has been handed down by Tradition to the preſent Day, that it was a Place of Retreat for King John when he came into this Country, and there are ſtill to be ſeen the Ruines of an ancient Building, now in the poſſeſſion of Richard Ridley, Eſq which carries the Name of King John's Palace. Whatever Truth there may be in this Tradition, this is certain, that there is in the ſaid Gentleman's Ground on the North-ſide of this old Building, the Remains of a Fortification, which 'tis natural to conjecture, was built for the Safety and Security of this Houſe, and conſequently this Houſe muſt have been of ſome great Diſtinction. And when it is further conſidered, that this Village of Heaton is a Part of the Barony of Robert de Gaugy, it may not be improbable to conclude, that this ancient Building has in ſome Meaſure been what Tradition ſays it was. For Robert de Gaugy was a great Man in the Reign of King John, and was entruſted by him (as has juſt now been obſerved) with the Government of divers Caſtles at Times, to defend them againſt the rebellious Barons, which he did faithfully and to his own Advantage; for in the 3d of Henry III. it was certified, that the Barony of this Robert in this County, conſiſted of this and the other Manours, which he held of the King by the Service of Three Knights Fees. This Robert therefore might have had his own Houſe here upon this Part of his Barony; and as he was ſo faithful a ſervant to King John, and entruſted by him with Matters of ſuch great Concern, it is not improbable but when the King came to theſe Parts, he lodged at this Houſe; and this perhaps was the Reaſon of its getting the Name it hears at this Day. This is its ancient Grandeur; its preſent is, the Houſe and Family of the worthy Gentleman above mentioned; it was built in the Year 1713, it is a beautiful Houſe, and ſo ſituated, that on the Weſt it overlooks the Town-Moor, Fenham, and Part of the Lands of the Prior of Tinmouth; on the Eaſt it faces the Sheilds Road; on the North it has a moſt agreeable Proſpect to the Windings of the Ouſe-Burn, of its Woods and Banks, and of the Villages ſituated on it. On the South it faces the River Tine. Its Conveniencies and Beauties about it, are on the Weſt-ſide a Fiſh-Pond, Groves, Wilderneſs, Gardens, Avenues, and Numbers of Plantations. On the Eaſt a very large and beauteous Quadrangle, whoſe Walls are ſhaded with the choiceſt Fruit-Trees, and whoſe Area is adorn'd with Variety of Knots and Flowers. In this Area, at a due Diſtance, are two Images tall as the Life, which declare the Hand of a curious Statuary. On the North are Gardens and Plantations, and on the South an Area Adorned with Images and a pleaſing Gravel-Walk, beſet with Trees and bordered with Flowers. This Gentleman the Poſſeſſor was eldeſt Son to Nicholas Ridley, Eſq who was born at Hardriding, in the Pariſh of Haltwhiſtle, the ancient Manſion-houſe of the Family of the Ridleys; where is ſtill to be ſeen above one of the old Doors, the Date of the Year of its Building, which was earlier than the Conqueſt, and the initial Letters of the Name of the Builder, N. R. This Nicholas was of the younger Branch of the Ridleys of Wilmotes-Wike; the Seat as Mr. Cambden ſays, of the worſhipful Family of the Ridleys, which is a pretty large Caſtle on the South-ſide of Tine, and very ancient, as appears from ſeveral Things about it. A little above this, upon the Banks of the Tine, is the Eſtate of Mr. Nicholas Ridley, the younger Son of the ſaid Gentleman. This Nicholas, Senior, was twice Mayor of Newcaſtle, in the Year 1688, and in the Year 1706, and was eſteemed a Man of great Honour and Integrity, and an excellent Magiſtrare. By his laſt Will and Teſtament, dated 7th December 1710, he gave and bequeathed to the Poor of the Pariſh of Haltwhiſtle 40 s. per annum, out of a little Farm or Tenement called Waggtail-Hall. He alſo gave a Rent-Charge of 4 l. and 10 s. per annum to the Poor of Newcaſtle upon Tine, and 50 l. to the Poor of the City of Carliſle. Which ſaid Charities he order'd to be diſtributed every Year to the more aged and infirm, eight Days before Chriſtmas. He left alſo 20 l. to the Poor of the Townſhip of Hexham. He died January 22d 1710, and hes buried in St. Nicholas in this Town, at the Entrance into the Chancel from the Body of the Church. Of this younger Branch was John Ridley of Hardriding, Eſq who was Major of a Regiment in the Army of the right Honourable William Marquis of Newcaſtle, for the Service of King Charles I. Beſides the Gentlemen of this Family already mentioned, we ſhall only take Notice of the two Perſons following. Nicholas Ridley, firſt Biſhop of Rocheſter, and then Biſhop of London. He was born here, and being educated in Grammar at Newcaſtle upon Tyne, and in academical Learning in both Univerſities, where he took his Doctor's Degree, was firſt made Maſter of Pembroke-Hall in Cambridge, then Chaplain to King Edward VI. and at length Biſhop. He was a Perſon ſmall in Stature but great in Learning, and a profound Divine, of whom Dr. Caius ſays, that quo viro nihil integrius & egregiis Dotibus ornatius, being Good as well as excellently endowed. He wrote many Things againſt the Popiſh Doctrines, and at length confirmed his Writings with Sufferings, being burnt near Baliol-College in Oxford, Anno 1555, 2d & 3d Phil, & Mar. He had a Hand in compiting the Common-Prayer-Book, now in Uſe in the Church of England. Thomas Ridley, Doctor of the Civil Law in Cambridge; he was the Son of Lancelot Ridley, and Grandſon of Nicholas Ridley, Eſq he was educated in Grammar at Eaton, and in academical Learning at King's College, Cambridge, where he was Fellow. Afterwards he became a School-maſter at Eaton, one of the Maſters in Chancery, when he was Knighted, Chancellor to the Biſhop of Winecheſter, and Vicar General to Doctor George Abbot, Archbiſhop of Canterbury. He was a general Scholar, and wrote a View of the Civil and Eccleſiaſtical Law. He dy'd Jan. 23, 1628, and was buried four Days after in the Pariſh Church of St. Bennet, near St. Paul's Wharf, London, We meet with one Mark Ridley, a Phyſician, a Perſon of that Note, as to be one of the eight Pricipals of the College of Phyſicians, and a Writer; but we do not find that he was of this Family at Wilmotes-wick. Mag. Britt. Heaton, [115] Hartelaw, Vide Chap. VIII. of Pilgrim-ſtreet. Jeſumuth and Whitby paid

 l.s.d.
For Caſtle-ward020000
For Cornage000702

THE Barony of Marley, alias Morlaw, alias Roger de marly poſt Conqueſtum. Morpeth, containing Morpeth, a Marlet-Town ſtanding upon the Wentsbeck, which runs thro' the Middle of it almoſt; for the Body of the Town is ſeated on the Northern Bank of it, and the Church on the Southern; near to which ſtands on a ſhady Hill the Caſtle, which, together with the Town come from Roger de Merlat, or Merley, in whoſe Family it had been for ſome Succeſſions, to the Lords of Grayſtocke, by the Marriage of William Grayſtocke to Mary, one of the Daughters and Co-heirs of the ſaid Roger. His Grandfather of the ſame Name 1 Johan. by paying a Fine of 20 Marks, and two good Palſreys, obtained a Licence for holding a Market and Fair at this his Manour of Morpeth. Roger Bertram, another Baron of theſe Parts, finding that the Market at Morpeth proved a Detrement to his Marlet at Mitford, impleaded this laſt Roger in the County-Court of NorthumBerland for Damages; but King Henry III. Reg. 34, being acquainted with it, ſent his Precept to the Sheriff, prohibiting him to go further in that Suit, becauſe it belonged not to his Juriſdiction. This Manour continued ſome Time in the Family of Grayſtocke, but Iſſue-male failing, it paſt by the Female-Heirs to the Barons Dacres of Gilleſland in Cumberland, by which their Eſtate was greatly enlarged; for the Barony of Morpeth conſeſteth not only of the Caſtle and Lordſhip of the Town, but has many Villages Members of it, as Grimweſt, Ulweham, Hebſcot, Schillington, Twiſel, Salwick, two Duddens, Cliſten, Cladwell, Stanington, Shotton, Blakedon North and South, Wideſlad, Killingwith, Benton and Waver. This Eſtate continued ſome Generations in that Family of the Dacres; but at length Iſſue-male failing, it came by Eliſabeth, Siſter and Co-heir of George laſt Lord Dacre, to her Husband the Lord William Howard of Naworth, third Son of Thomas Du [...]e of Norfolk, whoſe Grandſon Charles was ſoon after the Reſtoration created Lord Dacres of Gilleſland, Viſcount Morpeth, and [...]ar [...] of Carliſle, which Honours were inherited by his Son Edward, and are new en [...]oyed by his Grandſon Charles, the third Earl of Carliſle of that Family, whoſe eldeſt Son Henry hears the [...]terary Title of Henry Viſcount Morpeth. The preſent State of this Town is this: It is a Corporation, governed by two Bailiffs, annually choſen by the Freemen, and ſend Burgeſſes to Parliament, but not of many Years ſtanding. It hath a very good Market on Wedneſday weekly, for Corn, Cattle, and all neceſſary Proviſions, and a Fair yearly on [...] It is a Poſt Town, and a good Thorough-fare, lying about 4 Farlo [...]s on the Road. The Caſtle is in Ruins, as moſt of all the other Caſtle's in the Nation are. Here was anciently an Hoſpital for inform People, on which William de Merley, a great Man in his Time, beſtowed a Caru [...]ata of Iſland, but not finding any Mention of it in the Monathcon, nor in Mr. Speed's Catalogue from Leland, we ſuppoſe in was diſſolved long before the general Supprem [...]m by King Henry VIII. Nothing more is recorded of this Place, ſo far as we can diſcover, but that Eliſabeth, the Wife of William Lord Grayflock, had for her Dowry an aſſignation of this Manour of Morpeth, among other Eſtates; and that is the Tear of our Lord 1215, the Townſmen themſelves burnt is in par [...] Spite to King John. This Place is famous for being the Birth-Place of two eminent Phyſicians, viz. William Turner, bred in the Univerſiry of Cambridge, where he became an excellent Latiniſh, Grecian, Poet and Orator; be being a very zealous Proteſtant, and writing ſeveral Books in Defence of the reformed Doctrine, was very much moleſted for the ſame by Biſhop Gardiner, and others then in Power, who kept him long in Priſon: but having eſtated by a wonderful Providence, be fled beyond Sea. At Ferrara in Italy he commenced Do [...]r of Phyſick, gaining his Degree there with general Applauſe. He went afterwards into Germany, and there lived in great Gredit and Practice, and died there (as is conjectured) in Queen Mary's Reign. He wrote a great Herbal, a Book of Phyſick for the Engliſh Gentry; as alſo ſeveral Treaties about Plants, Fiſhes, Stones. Metals, &c. He was worthy (ſays Dr. Fuller) of our ſpecial Notice, becauſe he was both a Confeſſor and a Phyſician, Qualification which we obſerve not to meet every Day in the ſame Perſon. And Thomas Gibſon, who flouriſhed at the ſame Time, and was ſo eminent in his Profeſſion, that Bale gives him an higher Character than the former. viz. that he did Aegritndinum fanaſiones incredibiles, i. e. incredible Cures of Diſeaſes. He was a zealous Oppoſer of the Popiſh Doctrines, and wrote ſeveral Books againſt them, and among others, one entituled. The Treaſons of the Prelates ſince the Conqueſt; yet not forgetting [...] Profeſſion, for he wrote upon the Nature of Herbs. He was alive in the laſt Year of Queen Mary, for Bale ſendeth forth a hearty Prayer to God for the Continuance of his Health and Happineſs, he being not only his Friend, but ſo uſeful in his Generation. Morpeth, [116] Grimneſt Membrum ſuum, Newham, Hebſcot, Shillington, Tuyſell, Saltwick, Dudden-Eaſt, Dudden-Weſt, Clyfton, Caldwell, Stannington, Shotton, Blakedon is a ſmall Village ſeven Miles North of Newcaſtle. It ſtands upon the great Road to Morpeth; what it was formerly I have little Knowledge. In the Reign of King Henry III. and Edward I. we meet with one Adam de Blakedon, and John de Blakedon, who were Bailiffs of Newcaſtle. At preſent it is the Seat of Matthew White, Eſq Son of Matthew White, Eſq who was twice Mayor of Newcaſtle, and Governor of the Merchants and Hoaſtmans Companies. Since the preſent Gentleman was the Poſſeſſor of it, it vaſtly ſurpaſſes what it was formerly; and whether we conſider the Statelineſs of the Houſe, the Grandeur of the Avenue, the Beauty of the Gardens, or the Art and Ornaments of the curious Fiſh-Pond, we ſhall find them exceeded by few in the whole Country. Blakeden, Wetteſlade North, Wetteſlade South, Killingworth, Benton was formerly the Manour and Eſtate of Sir Philip Somerville of Wickmore in Staffordſhire, 29 Edward III. and was found by an Inquiſition taken of his Eſtate at his Death, which happened in that Year. The Church with certain Lands in this Pariſh he gave to Baliol-College in Oxford, for the perpetual Maintenance of ſix Scholars there, to be elected out of it and the neighbouring Towns. He being deſirous to have all the Fellows ſubject to one Form of Government, made them new Statutes in ſome things, contradicting the old ones given them by Devorgilla, the Relict of John Baliol their Founder. About the Reign of Richard I. one Euſtachius, Parſon of Benton, was one of the Witneſſes to the Deed of Foundation to the Hoſpital of St. Mary the Virgin in Weſtgate. Roger Bertram de antiquo Feoſamento. Benton and Walker paid

 l.s.d.
For Caſtle-ward021304
For Cornage000708

The Barony of Bothal, the Lordſhip of Richard Bertram, who being a devout Man (as thoſe Times went) gave two Shares, i. e. two third Parts of the Titles of it to the Monks of Tinmouth. His Son Robert obtained of Richard I. that this Manour and its Dependants ſhould be made a Barony, by the Name of the Barony of Bothal, as it is at this Day called. It lies upon the German Ocean on the Eaſt-ſhore, between the Rivers Lyne and Wentsbeck. This Robert held this Barony of the King in Capite, by the Service of three Knights Fees, as his Anceſtors had done formerly for the ſaid Lands, being de veteri Feofamento, and paying yearly for the Guard of the Caſtle at Newcaſtle upon Tine, for Coinage 5 l. 15 s. 4 d. To this Robert ſucceeded his Son Roger, who obtained a Charter for free Warren for all his Demeſne Lands here; and at Hepburn in this County his Heirs enjoyed this Barony for ſome Succeſſions, without making any Addition to its Grandeur; but Robert Bertram, being in the Reign of King Edward III. conſtituted Sheriff of Northumberland, and Governor of Newcaſtle upon Tine, obtained Licence of that King to make a Caſtle of his Manour-Houſe at Bothal, which accordingly he did; and there are ſome conſiderable Remains of it to this Day. This Robert left no Iſſue-male, and therefore his Daughter and Heir Helen being married to Sir Robert Ogle, Knight, tranferred this Barony to his Family. His Son Robert after the Death of his Mother obtained this Barony, and ſettled it ſoon after upon his younger Son John, whom he Surnamed Bertram, from his Mother, being deſirous that his own Eſtate ſhould go in his own Name, and ſo gave it to his eldeſt Son Robert Ogle. He ſuffer'd his Brother John to enjoy the Bertram-Eſtate quietly; but his Son Robert having obtained Livery of the Lands of his Inheritance, by Colour thereof, did forcibly, with two hundred Men, poſſeſs himſelf of the Caſtle and Manour of Bothal; but upon Complaint made to the Parliament by John Bertram, it was ordered that a Writ ſhould be ſent to the ſheriff of Northumberland, to require all thoſe who were in the Poſſeſſion of the Caſtle to depart from it, that it might be reſtored to John the Complainant, and commanded Robert to appear at Weſtminſter on a certain Day, to make Anſwer to the King for his Miſdemeanour. This John Bertram, who was afterwards Knighted, was ſeveral Times Sheriff of Northumberland, in the Reign of King Henry VI. and his Poſterity flouriſhed, and had the Title of Lords Ogle, 'till the latter End of Queen Eliſabeth's Reign, when Male-Iſſue failing in Cuthbert Lord Ogle, Katharine, his Daughter and Heir, married to Sir Charles Cavendiſh, Knight of Walbeck in Nottinghamſhire, and carried the Eſtate and Title of Ogle into that Family; but the Name of Bertram is not forgotten, for it is a common Chriſtian Name in thoſe Northern Parts. Some think the Name of Ferdinando is derived from it. Bothal, containing Bothal cum membris ſuis, viz. Wheworth, Newmore, Oldmore, Peggeſworth, Hebborne, Fenrother, Tricklington, Ereſden, Longhirſt cum membris ſuis, & Niſhenden veteri morae, or the old Moor, and Eringdon paid

 l.s.d.
For Caſtle-ward020000
For Cornage000808

The Barony of Delaval containing Blackalladay, Seton, a principal Manour of the Barony of Delaval, held of King Henry III. by Euſtace Delaval, by the Service of two Knights Fees, de veteri Feofamento; his Heir was Hugh Delaval. I am told, the preſent Poſſeſſor Francis Blake Delaval, Eſquire, it obliged to finiſh, or expend ſo much yearly towards the finiſhing of the ſumptuous Building in that Place, which is ſo much the Wonder and Admiration of all the Country. It was begun by the late Admiral Delaval, Anno [...] It ſeems for Grandeur and Magnificence, for Strength and Continuance, to vie with the ancient Northumbrian Caſtles, and to laſt the Days of the moſt diſtant Ages. Secton cum membris ſuis, [117] Newſum, and Diſſington paid

 l.s.d.
For Caſtle-ward020608
For Cornage000303

The Barony of Roſſe, containing Werke, the Caſtle and Manour of which was held in the Reign of King Hen. II. Reg. 31, by Hugh de Nevil, by the Name of the Honour de Werch, who accounted to that King for the Farm of it that Year, at 5 l. 10 s. 6 d. and in the 34th year of the King at 13 l. 1 s. 6 d. at which Time by that King's Command it was given to Robert de Roſs, of Helmeſley in Yorkſhire; he gave it to his younger Son Robert de Roſs, 2d Hen. III. to hold it in Barony of the King by the Service of two Knights Fees, as his Father and Predeceſſors had done. This Barony had many Towns and wordſhips belonging to it. This Robert being conſtituted Chief Juſtice of the King's Foreſts in Derby, Cumberland, this County, &c. had free Warren granted him in all his Demeſne Lands here, and divers others of his Manours in this County. 36 Hen. III. But 39th Hen. III. he delivered up this Caſtle into the King's Hands, who being advancing with an Army againſt the Scots, did not think it ſafe to ſuffer ſo ſtrong a Fort out of his own Power; but upon the King's Return it was yielded up to him again the next year. Afterwards the King began a Suit againſt him, for the Title of his Caſtle of Werke; but he in his Defence producing his elder Brother William for Warranty, the King upon mature Advice, with ſuch Noblemen as were of his Council, diſcerning, that he had a good Right to it, quitted his Claim to him. This Robert, not long after this, fell in Love with a Scotch Woman, and having a Mind to get her for his Wife; not only joined himſelf with the Scots, but endeavoured to engage his Kinſman on their Side, viz. William de Ros, of Hemlake, who deteſting ſuch Treachery, diſſuaded him from it, but not being able to prevail, advertiſed the King of it, and obtain'd a ſufficient Force to defend this Caſtle, that it ſhould not be ſurrendred to the Scots. Robert being thus diſappointed, took a Body of Men out of the Garriſon of Rox-borough, and invading the Borders with Banners diſplay'd, burnt Preſtten, and this Town, and then joining himſelf with William Wallis, the famous Scotch General committed great Spoils upon the Engliſh in theſe Northern Parts. His Eſtate was for theſe Rebellions Actions conſiſcated, but after his Death, reſtored to his Daughter and Heir, Margaret de Roſs, upon an Allegation, that he had, before his Death, come to an Accord, with John Comin of Badenagh, for himſelf and all his Arms with him, to be ſafe as to Life, Liberty, and Eſtate. How ſhe married we find not, but it appears that Sir John Montacute, afterwards Earl of Salisbury, was in the Poſſeſſion of this Caſtle and Manour upon the Death of Margaret his Mother, who had it, and divers other Eſtates for her Dowry. Mr. Cambden tells us, that in his Time they were the Eſtate of the Greys, a Family of Note for their Valour, of whom William Grey was in the Reign of King James I. advanced firſt to the Degree of a Baronet, and within a few years after to the Honour of a Baron, by the Title of Lord Grey of Werke, viz. 11 Feb. 21 Jac. I. and to the Heirs Male of his Body. He married Anne, the Daughter, and one of the Coheirs, of Sir John Wentworth of Gosfield, in Eſſex; and there fixed his Seat, in which his Poſterity ſometime reſided, 'till Ford, Lord Grey, ſold it, &c. No Caſtle-ward or Cornage was paid for this Barony; but yet it belonged to the Caſtle of Newcaſtle, as appears by an Inquiſition taken at Newcaſtle, 9th Edw. III. for that the Lord of Werke was enjoyned to build an Houſe within the Liberty of the ſaid Caſtle for the more ſafe keeping of it. Werk, Mindram, Karham, Preſtfen, Manilawe, Dunum, Palwiſter, Shotton, Killom, Holthall, Newton, and the other Newton, Langeton, Lilleburn, Hilderton, Weperden, Ruſſenden, Tithington, Butliſden and the Moiety of Glattendon.

THE Barony of Bywell, a Barony and Caſtle, held of the King, viz. Richard I. by Hugh de Baliol, the Son of Euſtace de Baliol, by the Service of five Knights Fees, and to find 30 Soldiers (Mr. Cambden ſays to pay 30 Knights Fees) for the Guard of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, as his Anceſtors had done from the Time of King William Ruſus, by whom they were enfeoff'd of the Barony as the Record expreſſeth it. In later Times, John Nevil, Lord Raby, who died at Newcaſtle upon Tyne, Oct. 17th, 12th Rich. II. was found to be poſſeſſed among other Eſtates of this. Here was a fair Caſtle in Mr. Cambden's Days, and below it a moſt beautiful Wear for the catching of Salmon, and in the Middle of the River ſtand two firm Pillars of Stone, which formerly ſupported the Bridge. John Fenwick, Eſq deſcended from the ancient Family of the Fenwicks of Fenwick Hall, who was High-Sheriff of the County of Northumberland, Anno 1728, is the preſent Poſſeſſor of this Place. Bywell, containing Newbigging, Woodhorn, Lynmouthe, Hyrſte, Hallywell, Lynton Ellington, cum Creſſwell & Ayden Membris ſuis, Bychefield, Iaglym, Blackheddon, Samfordham, Newton-weſt, Newton-eaſt, Scheellinge, Ovington, Ovingham, Milkylleye, Whitlye, Falderlye, Bromley, Appleby, the Moiety of Bywell, Slokefield, Swinburne-eaſt, Swinburne-weſt, Ryhill.

 l.s.d.
THE Barony de Copun paid001304

THUS far the Baronies. But beſides theſe Rents, there were Houſes, Yards and Gardens, &c. which paid to it.

IN the 9th of Edward III. an Inquiſition was taken at this Town, whereby it was found, That at the Time of the Battle of Vide Speed 1314. Bannockburn, which was in the Year 1313, when John de Kenton Knight was High Sheriff of Northumberland, the Caſtle and all Edifices about it were in good Repair; That after that Time, Nicholas Scot, Adam de Swinburn, William Riddel, Joannes de Fenwick, [118] Cuthbert de Boroughdon, Joannes de Fenwick, Joannes de Wodhorne, Joannes de Lilleburne, Willielmus de Tyndale, Roger Manduit, and Robertus Darreius were High Sheriffs of Northumberland. During which Time it is affirmed, the Great tower, and alſo the leſſer ones of the ſaid Caſtle, the Great Hall, with the King's Chamber adjoining to it, together with divers other Chambers below in Queens Mantle, and the Buttry-Cellar and Pantry; The King's Chappel within the Caſtle, a certain Houſe beyond the Gate, which is called the Checker-houſe, with the Bridges within and without the Gate, with three Gates and one Poſtern, are 300 l. worſe than they were. They ſay alſo, that there are in the Cuſtody of Roger Manduit, late High Sheriff, 420 Fother of Lead. They ſay alſo, that it was thought highly neceſſary, that the Baron Heron of Haddeſton, the Baron of Walton, Lord Robert of Clifford of the new Place, chief Lord of the Barony of Gaugie, the Lords of the Barony of [...] and Devilſton, that the Lord of Werk upon Tweed, the Lord of the Barony of Bolbeck, alias Bywell, the Baron of Bothal; and Laſtly, the Baron of Delaval ſhould build each of them a Houſe within the Liberties of the Caſtle for the Defence of it. The Houſe of the Baron of Werk was built over the Poſtern.

THERE were two great ſtrong Walls which ſurrounded the Caſtle. The interior Wall was of no great Diſtance from the Caſtle itſelf, as may be ſtill ſeen in ſeveral Places. The exterior Wall ſurrounds the Verge of the Caſtle Bounders. From this outer Wall were four Gates, the Great Gate and three Poſterns. The North-ſide of the Caſtle is the main Gate, called now the Black Gate. It has had two Port-Culliceſſes, one without the Gate, as may be ſtill ſeen, and another within it at a little Diſtance from it, the Ruins of which were to be ſeen a few Years ago. There ſtill remains a Piece of the old Wall, which ſhews its Situation to have been where that Houſe is, which was lately purchaſed by Mr. Jaſper Harriſon; the Shop belonging to this Houſe was dugg (as I was informed) out of the Wall juſt now mentioned. On the Eaſt-ſide of the Caſtle there was a Poſtern, which led down to the Street called the Side, which is ſtill to be ſeen; it was once called (but many Years after it was in Decay) the Waiſt of Laurentius Acton. On the South-ſide of the Caſtle is another Gate, which leads down the Caſtle-ſtairs to the Street called the Cloſe: This was called the South Poſtern. There is an old Building upon it, which was the County-Goaler's Houſe. On the Weſtſide was the Poſtern facing Bailiff-Gate, now the Dwelling-houſe of James Lidſter.

THERE is an House in the Yard, where they ſay was the Chapel of the Garriſon, which is called the Chapel-houſe to this Day; it ſtands North-eaſt from the Chapel; its common Name now is the three Bulls Heads.

21ſt September 1 mo Hen. VII. per Lit. Pat. then dated at Weſtminſter, the Office of Conſtable of the Caſtle of Newcaſtle was granted to William Caſe, Eſq during Life, with the Wages and Fees then belonging, and of ancient Time accuſtomed, de reb. 47.

15th February, 9th Hen. VH. per Lit. Patent. then dated at Weſtminſter, this Office being then void, by the Death of Sir Robert Multon Knight, the ſame was granted to Roger Fenwick, Eſq for the King's Body for his Life, together with the Wages and Fees of 20 l. per annum, to be yearly received out of the Iſſues, Profits and Revenues of the ſaid County of Northumberland, coming by the Hands of the Sheriff of the ſaid County, with all Manner of Profits, &c. de Reb. P. 47. Ibid.

NOT any Letters Patents of the Office of Conſtable ſince the laſt above mentioned; for the Cuſtody of the Caſtle (as ſuppoſed) was committed to the Sheriffs of Northumberland for ſeveral Years.

IN the 31ſt Elizabeth, the ſame Power and Liberty was given to the Magiſtrates [119] of Newcaſtle, in the Caſtle-Garth; as in other Parts of the Town of Newcaſtle.

AN Inquiſition in the Reign of James I. ſays, that the ancient Caſtle, belonging to the King, ſituated within the Walls of Newcaſtle upon Tine, belongs to the County of Northumberland, and is ſurrounded with a great Stone-Wall. That below the Caſtle there is a great Hall, where the County of Northumberland holds their Aſſizes. There is alſo a great Tower, full of Chinks, under which are two Vaults, which are the Places where the Priſoners of the County of Northumberland are kept, which are within the Circuit of the Caſtle itſelf.

AND that there is in Being the exterior Wall of the Caſtle, which begins North of the Caſtle, about ſix Yards from the Great Gate, which leads into the Caſtle-yard; and ſo goes on eaſtward and ſouthward by the Back of ſome Houſes in the Side. Then it goes weſtward by the Back of ſome Houſes in the Sand-hill; then it croſſes the Caſtle-ſtairs, which lead to the Street called the Cloſe, and from thence behind the Houſes, even to the upper Pinion-Gavel of the Houſe of James Clavering Alderman, which is about nine Yards diſtant from the long Stairs, where the ſaid ancient Wall, on account of its Decay, does no farther appear; but yet the Bounds and Limits of the Caſtle go through the middle Part of a Houſe, extending itſelf even to the Channel in the long Stairs. Then it goes along the Channel upwards on the Outſide of the new Wall, which was built to encloſe the The high and great Heap, viz. the Dunghill on the Weſtſide of the Caſtle, was taken away by Sir John Marley Mayor, and his Adherents, to rampart the Town-Walls againſt the Parliament and Commonwealth, Dunghill. From thence it goes to the Corner of the Houſe of [...] and thence by the Back-part of the Houſe of [...] where the ancient outward Wall begins. This ancient outward Wall of the Caſtle contains by Meaſure three Acres of Ground and one Rood.

IN the 18th of this King's Reign, another Inquiſition was held at Newcaſtle about the Caſtle, wherein Complaint was made of the Dunghill mentioned in the Bounds of the Caſtle, that it had increaſed to ſuch a Bigneſs, that it was in Length 98 Yards, the Depth of it was 10 Yards, and the Breadth of it 32 Yards; which being ſuch a prodigious Weight upon the Wall on the Weſt-ſide of the Caſtle (which Wall was in Length 40 Yards, in Height 10 Yards, in Breadth 2 Yards) that a great Part of it is intirely thrown down and ſubverted to the great Detriment of the Strength of the Caſtle. The Damage was computed at 120 l.

IT was alſo by this ſame Inquiſition complained of, that the great ſquare Tower was full of Chinks and Crannies; and that one Third of it was almoſt taken away: That all the Lead and Covering which it had of old was imbezled and carried of, inſomuch that the Priſoners of the County of Northumberland were moſt miſerably lodged, by reaſon of the Showers of Rain falling upon them. They computed the Charge of repairing it would be 809 l. 15 s. 0 d.

IT has been a Building of great Strength, and no little Beauty; the vaſt Thickneſs of the Walls ſpeaks the one, and the Ruines of ſome curious Workmanſhip ſpeaks the other. The grand Entrance into the Caſtle was at the Gate facing the South, which leads up a Pair of Stairs (which ſtill ſhew the Magnificence of the Builder) to a very ſtately Door of curious Maſonry. The Room this leads into, has its Floor broken down cloſe to the Caſtle-Wall, as indeed all the other Floors are to the Top of the Caſtle; ſo that excepting the Floor above the County-Goal, there is not one left, tho' there have been five Diviſions or Stories of the Caſtle beſides this. This floored Room which I was told was lately flagg'd by the Order of William Elliſon, Eſq Alderman, when he was laſt Mayor in the Year 1723, ſeems to me without any Doubt, to have been the common Hall of the Caſtle, becauſe on the North-ſide of the ſame Room there is an Entrance by a Deſcent of ſome Steps into a Room, where is the largeſt Fire-place I ſaw in the Caſtle, which plainly ſpeaks it to have been the Kitchen. At the End of this there are ſeveral [120] Stairs, which lead into a Place under the Kitchen, which I think goes down as low as the Bottom of the Caſtle. This I take to have been a Cellar, as I do alſo that little dark Place on the right Hand coming up again, to have been a Sort of a Pauntry.

THE Door I mentioned juſt now on the Eaſt of the Caſtle, which leads to the firſt broken down Floor, is becauſe of it's Grandeur and Beauty, an Argument that this Room has been the moſt ſtately one in the whole Caſtle; another Reaſon for it's being ſo, is becauſe of the Windows which gave Light into it. Thoſe of them that face the Eaſt are the moſt beautiful of the whole Caſtle; beſides, on the South of this Room there is an Entrance into a Sort of a Parlour or withdrawing-Room, which has a Fire Place in it; which has been a Piece of curious Workmanſhip, as is viſible to this Day; and this Place has no Communication with any Part of the Caſtle but this Room. On the North-ſide of this Room, is a Door leading into an Apartment, where ſtands a Well of a conſiderable Depth, it was 18 Yards before we touch'd the Surface of the Water; which ſeems to have been placed there on purpoſe for the more immediate Service of this Room: There are ſome little Baſons on the Top of the Well, with Pipes leading from them, which conveyed Water to different Appartments of the Caſtle; This is plain from what may be obſerved in the County Goal, at the Bottom of the Caſtle; the round ſtone Pillar in it, having an Hollow in the Middle, of a Foot wide, with a lead Spout in the Side of it.

IN the Inquiſition made in the 9th of Edward 3d abovementioned, among other Things that were complained of for being neglected, one was Capella Domini Regis infra Caſtrum. This Chapel I have been told, ſtood on that Part of the Caſtle Yard, where the Moot-hall is; but upon Searching, I found it in the Caſtle itſelf according to the Account of it juſt now mentioned. The Door of it is at the Bottom of the South Wall of the Caſtle, adjoining to the Stairs which lead into the State Chamber. It has been a Work of great Beauty and Ornament, and is ſtill in the midſt of Duſt and Darkneſs, by far the moſt beautiful Place in the whole Building; the Inſide of it being curiouſly adorned with Arches and Pillars. It is eaſy to obſerve the different Parts of it, the Entrance, the Body of it, and the Chancel; on the left Side of the Entrance you go into a dark little Room, which undoubtedly was the Veſtry. The full Length of it is 15 Yards, the Breadth of it is 6 Yards and half. It had 3 or 4 Windows towards the Eaſt, which are now all filled up, nor is there any Light but what comes in at a little Cranny in the Wall.

Nicholas de Byker Tenet terras ſuas ut faciat diſtrictiones ad Ward' Novi Caſtelli ſuper Tynam faciend' & pro deb' Domini Regis inter Tynam & Cocket, &c. And then my Authority goes on to ſay, that the Manour of Byker was Sir Ralph Lawſon's Knight, deceaſed, after of Henry Lawſon, Eſq his Son, and now of his eldeſt Son, who without all Queſtion is Bailiff by Inheritance of the ſaid Caſtle, and is to levy theſe Caſtle-ward Cornage, and other Rents, Iſſues, Fines, and Amerciaments, belonging to the ſaid Caſtle. And as he goes on, the Conſtable of the Caſtle, when that Office is ſettled, may appoint the learned Stewards to keep Courts, and then the Officers for the ſaid Caſtle will be compleat. Beſides the Rents above-mentioned, a great Number of Houſes, Yards, and Gardens paid to it.

IN the 17th of James I. 1619, a Grant was made of the Scite and Demeſnes of the Caſtle to Alexander Stephenſon, Eſq who was ſucceeded by one Patrick Black, who died, and left it in the Poſſeſſion of his Wife. After that one James Langton, Gent. claimed Patrick Black's Right, but by Virtue of what is not known.

THE Liberties and Privileges of the Caſtle extends Northwards to the River of Tweed, and Southward to the River of Tees.

[121]IT is reported, that underneath that Houſe which was anciently the County Goal, is a Vault which leads to the Caſtle. There is indeed a large Door ſtill to be ſeen, which perhaps was the Entrance into it; and Mr. George Grey, the preſent Poſſeſſor of the Houſe, told me that it was certainly ſo, becauſe he had put down thro' his own Floor a Bailiff's Rod to the very End, and could find no Bottom.

A Manuſcript I have often had Occaſion to mention gives us the following Account of the Caſtle-Yard.

THE Way thro' the Yard begins at the Caſtle-Yate, and when I was young, there was no Houſes in it but the Houſe of one Thomas Southern, and the Houſe of one Green; theſe Houſes were near the Gate before you came into the Caſtle-yard; and there was in the Garth a Houſe, wherein the Goaler of the Caſtle dwelt, and a Houſe wherein William Robinſon dwelt, who was Deputy Herrald under Norroy, King at Arms. This Man wrote in a Book the Arms of all the Mayors of this Town, from Laurentius Acton, until his Time. And when I was Chamberlain of the Town, which was about the Time of Sir Nicholas Cole's being Mayor in the Year 1640, it was then in the Town's Chamber; when Trollop built the Town-Court, he borrow'd it, but would never reſtore it.

THESE were all the Houſes at that Time; but ſince then Mr. Bulmer, he took a Garth behind his Houſe in the Side, and built a Stable in it, and had a Garden in it; and alſo George Hayroy took from thence to the Moat-hall, and built Houſes upon it: He was a Butcher, but not a Freeman, and theſe took their Lands and Houſes of Alexander Stephenſon, a Scottiſh Man, who came in with King James, for he begg'd the Caſtle of the King. He was one of his Cloſe-Stool. This Man began to build the Caſtle-Gate, but it was finiſhed by one John Pickle, who made it in the Faſhion it is now, and kept a Tavern in it; and then one Jordan a Scotſman and Sword-Kipper, built the Houſe on the South-ſide of the Gate, and lived in it; and Thomas Reed, a Scotch Pedlar, took a Shop in the North-ſide of the Gate.

AT preſent there are a good many Shops and Houſes belonging to it, in and about it.

CHAP. X. Of the lower Parts of the TOWN.

[122]

HAVING now conſidered the Caſtle, and what belongs to it, we return back to the Side, the Street from which we entred the Caſtle-yard.

Sect. I The SIDE.

THIS Street is from the Head of it, to the Stairs on the left Hand, a very great deſcent, and lies narrow, untill you come to the middle of it, from which Place it opens in a ſpacious Breadth, and ſo continues to the Sandhill. It is from the one end to the other fill'd with Shops of Merchants, Goldſmiths, Milliners, Upholſters, &c. The Eaſt-ſide of this Street, from the Upper Part of it to All-hallow Pant, was called Cordiner, or Cordwainer Rawe.

ABOVE the middle of the Street are Stairs leading up to the Caſtle-yard, which was the Eaſtern-Poſtern of the Caſtle, and after called the Waſte of Laurentius Acton, as appears from the Account of Gunner Tower; and our Towns-man, Grey, ſays, that in the Middle of this Street is an antient Stone-Houſe, an Appendix to the Caſtle, which in former Times belonged to the Lord Lumley, before the Caſtle was built, or at leaſt coetany with the Caſtle.

ON the other Side of this Street, oppoſite to the Waſte now mentioned, is a Corner Shop, which formerly belong'd to a Chantery in St. John's Church. On the ſame Side of this Street, almoſt oppoſite to this Eaſtern-Poſtern of the Caſtle, is a ſhort narrow Lane, (which formerly ſeems to have gone by the Name of Vide Gunner-Tower. Swinburn-place) which leads by Stairs into a dark narrow Lane which faces the Painter Heugh that leads into Pilgrim-ſtreet. On the Northend of this Lane there was a Place called Vide Gunner-Tower. Pencher Place, perhaps the whole Lane was called ſo. It goes as far as the Nether-dean-bridge, under which is now a Ware-houſe of Mr. James Moncaſter, Merchant. Under this I am [123] told the Rings are ſtill to be ſeen that the Boats were faſtned to, which brought up the Merchant Goods, when the Merchants had their Shops in the Fleſh-market. On the South it leads to the Side.

THE Pant ſtanding near the Shop of Mr. Robert Makepeice, is undoubtedly that which went by the Name of All-Hallow-Pant; The other Side of the Street from All-Hallow-Pant to the Cale-Croſs, was formerly divided by the coming up of the River, which was called Lorkburn, and the Eaſt of it had the Name of Fleſher-Raw: becauſe I ſuppoſe the Butchers had their Shops there, as well as on the Butcher-Bank: The Weſt bore the Name of the Side. After that, Lorkburn was cover'd with Flags at the Top, and made one Street, which all goes by the Name of the Side. In the Year 1696 Lorkburn was arch'd at the Top, and pav'd over.

WE come now to the Cale-Croſs, ſo called becauſe of the Cale or Broth which was ſold there in former Times. This ſeems to have been it's original Name, for I meet with it in the Reign of King Richard the Second, as may be ſeen in the Account of St. Margaret's Chantery in St. Nicholas, and alſo in a Writing dated Edward the Third. What Grey ſays of it is ſtill juſt, that it is a fair Croſs, with Columns of Stone Hewn, covered with Lead: There is at the Top of it a Ciſtern which holds the New-Water. Here is ſold Milk, Eggs, Cheeſe, Butter, &c.

FROM the Croſs the Street has the Name of Cale-Croſs, 'till you come to the Sandhill, which leaving the Butcher-Bank that leads to All-Hallow's Church on the left Hand, you come immediately to

Sect. II. SANDHILL.

THE Sandhill is ſo called, becauſe it was formerly a Hill of naked Sand, when the Tide was out. For formerly the Tyne overflowed all this Place. After it was taken in it became Part of the Town: That Part of it on the Weſt-ſide of Lorkburn, was a Place of Pleaſure and Recreation for the Townſ-People. For in the Reign of Richard the 2d, a Proclamation was made, commanding to remove all Merchandiſe from a certain Common Place, in Newcaſtle called Sandhill, where the Inhabitants were wont to aſſemble for their Recreation.

IT is a ſpacious Place, and adorned with Buildings very high and ſtately, whoſe Rooms ſpeak the Ancient Grandeur, being very large and Magnificent. It is now that Part of the Town where the chief Affairs of Trade and Buſineſs are tranſacted. The Shops in this Street are almoſt altogether thoſe of Merchants, which have many of them great Conveniencies of Lofts, Garners and Cellars.

HERE is the Market for Fiſh, Herbs, Bread, Cloth, Leather, &c. which for the one Part of Things, viz. thoſe to be wore, is kept every Tueſday and Saturday; for Things to be eat, every Day.

[124]ON the South-ſide of the Street, is the ancient Hoſpital called the Hoſpitale Novicaſtri ſuper Tynam in Comitatu Northumbriae vocatum Thornton's Hoſpital. Licentia Henrici Regis Quarti Rogero de Thornton conceſſa pro fundatione ejuſdem. Rex, &c. Sciatis quod de gratia noſtra ſpecialis & conſideratione cujuſdam ſummae Pecuniae nobis in camera noſtra, per dilectum nobis Rogerum nuper ſolutae, conceſſimus & Licentia dedimus, &c. praeſato Rogero, quod ipſe quoddam Hoſpipitale in Honore Sanctae Katharinae, in quodam Meſſuagio ſuo per ipſum ſum Rogerum in parte nuper edificato in quodam loco vocato, Le Sandhill, in villa noſtro Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, continente C. Pedes in Longitudine, XL Pedes in Latitudine de uno Capellano divina infra Hoſpitale praedictum, pro Salubri ſtatu ipſius Rogen dum vixeret, & pro anima ſua cum ab hac luce migraverit, ac animabus patris & matris ipſius Rogeri, & Agnetis nuper uxoris ejus; necnon anteceſtorum & liberorum ſuorum, ac omnium fidelium deſunctorum ſingulis diebus celebraturo; ac de novem viris & quaruor Faeminis pauperibus in eodem Hoſpitale continue reſidentibus jaxta ordinationem ipſius Rogeri vel executorum ſuorum in hac parte faciendam, de novo facere, creare, ſundare, & ſtabilire poſſit in perpetuum: Et quod Hoſpitale illud, Hoſpitale per ſe privatum & incorporatum exiſtat in perpetuum, ac etiam quod capellanus Hoſpitalis praedicti, qui pro tempore ſuerit, ſit cuſtos ejuſdem Hoſpitalis; ac quod idem Capellanus Cuſtos & praedicti viri & Faeminae, Fratres & Sorores Hoſpitalis Sanctae Katherinae, vocati Thornton's Hoſpital in Novo Caſtro ſuper Tinam, nuncupatur quodque cuſtos Fratres & Soroves & corum Succeſſores per nomen cuſtodis Fratrum & Sororum Hoſpitalis Sanctae Katherinae, vocati Thornton's Hoſpital, in Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam, ſint perſonae capaces & habiles ad omnimoda terras, tenementa, redditus & ſervicia ac alias poſſeſſones quaſcumque de quibuſdam perſonis adquirendas, capiendas & recipiendas, tenendas ſibi & ſucceſſoribus ſuis, cuſtodibus Fratribus, & Sororibus, Hoſpitalis predicti in perpetuum, Licenna Regia inde primitus optenta. Necnon quod idem cuſtos, &c. fint perſonae habiles ad alios implaciandos & ab aliis implacitari & ad deſendendum in quibuſcunque placitis & querelis per nomen cuſtodis Fratrum & Sororum Hoſpitalis Sanctae Katherinae vocati Thornton's Hoſpital in Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam. Et quod licet unum commune Sigillum pro negotiis & agendis ejuſdem Hoſpitalis deſerviturum in perpetuum, Et ulterius, &c. Licentiam dedimus, &c. praefato Rogero quod ipſe quandam cantariam de uno Capellano divina ad altare Beati Petri in capella Omnium Sanctorum in villa praedicta pro ſtatu & animabus praedictis ſingulis diebus celebratur juxta ordinationem ipſius Rogeri vel executorum ſuorum in hac parie faciendam, ſcilicet ſacere fundare & ſtabilire poſſit in perpetuum. Conceſſimus etiam, &c. praefato Rogero quod ipſe meſſuagium ſuum praedictum cum pertinentiis, quod de nobis teneat in Burgagio, poſtquam Hoſpitale praedictum, ſic factum fundatum & ſtabilitum ſuerit dare poſſit & aſſignare praefatis cuſtodi Fratribus & Sororibus Hoſpitalis praedicti habendum & tenendum ſibi & ſucceſſoribus ſuis, tam pro Inhabitatione fua, quam in [auxilium] ſuſtentationis ſuae in perpetuum conceſſimus inſuper, &c. eldem Rogero quod ipſe Heredes aſſignati, vel executores ſui terras Tenementa & redditus cum pert' ad valorem x l. per Annum tam ea quae de nobis tenentur in Burgagio quam ea quae de nobis non tenentur acquirere & praefatis Cuſtodi Fraeribus & ſororibus Hoſpitalis praedicti ac capellano Cantariae predictae cum ſic facta fundata & ſtabilita fuerit, juxta diferetionem & limitationem ſuam diviſam, & proportionabiliter dare aſſignare & concedere poſſint habend' &c. in perpetuum, &c. T. Rege apud Weſtin. x Junii. Maiſon Dieu, or, the Houſe of God. It was founded by that great Benefactor Roger Thornton, in the Reign of King Henry the Fourth, upon the Death of his Wife, for a Chaplain to pray for the Soul of the ſaid Roger, as long as he lived, and after he was dead, and for the Souls of his Father and Mother, and Agnes his late Wife, &c. This Prieſt was called the Guardian or Keeper of the ſaid Hoſpital, becauſe of the Care he had over nine poor Men and four poor Women, who reſided there. Theſe poor People were called the Brethren and Siſters of St. Katharine's, Hoſpital; for to this Saint was the Hoſpital dedicated.

IN the 34th of Henry VI. Roger Thornton granted to the Mayor and Community of Newcaſtle, the Uſe of the Hall and Kitchen belonging to the Hoſpital of the bleſſed Katharine the Virgin on the Sandhill.

IN the Year 1629, Sir Richard Lumley, in Conſideration of 100 l. convey'd to the Mayor and Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle, and their Succeſſors for ever, all that Building of Stone covered with Lead, ſtanding near to the Water of Tine, and to the Eaſt-part of the Town's Chamber, being about 16 Yards in Length, and anciently Part of the Hoſpital of St. Katharine the Virgin.

Grey.UPON this Building ſtands the ſtately Court of the Merchant-Adventurers of the Old Staple, reſident at that flouriſhing City of Antwerp in Brabant; ſince removed to the more northern Provinces under the States. Their Charters are ancient, their Privileges and Immunities great; they have no Dependence upon London, having a Governor, twelve Aſſiſtants, two Wardens and a Secretary. The preſent Governor is Richard Ridley, Eſq Alderman of this Town, who has been Governor of this Company for many Years.

THIS Room in ancient Times, as we are inform'd by the Milbank Manuſcript, was given to the Town for a young Couple, when they were married, to make their Wedding-dinner in, and receive the Offerings and Gifts of their Friends; for at that Time Houſes were not large. 'Tis true indeed, the Houſes in the Fleſh-market, which were built many Years before this upon [125] the Sandhill, had moſt of them Rooms near as ſtately, if not altogether as ſtately as this Room is; but then they were the Houſes of the Great Merchants and Aldermen of the Town. So that the Tradition of this Room may be true enough.

THIS Hall is adorn'd with the Arms of ſeveral generous Benefactors, and ſome of the moſt curious carv'd Work in Wood. Here it is that for ſome Years by paſt, the annual Feaſt of the Sons of the Clergy has been held.

ADJOINING to the Weſt End of this ancient Building, was the Town-Court, which was built by that worthy Man Roger Thornton. This was pull'd down and the preſent one erected Anno 1658. Alderman Weimoth by Will, dated the 11th of April, gave 1200 l. towards it, and the Town was at the reſt of the Charge, which amounted to above 10000 l. Mr. Joſhua Douglas the Town-Clerk accounts for it in this Manner.

 l.s.d.
IN the Year 1659, in October, the Town paid Robert Trollop for building the Court97710000
IN the Year 1660, there is order'd more in Full5000000
THE Purchaſe-Money paid Phineas Allen, for Part of the Ground where the Court is built, which had Houſes on it but were then pull'd down.   

TROLLOP had, as Mr. Douglas alſo acquaints us, 50 l. for ſetting up the King's Arms in the Court and Bridge, and 50 more for finiſhing them, and making the Conduit on the Sandhill.

THIS Building, as to its Form and Model, is of great Beauty, and withal very ſumptuous. That Part of it, which is the Court itſelf, is a very ſtately Hall, whoſe lofty Cicling is adorn'd with various Painting, and its Floor laid with checker'd Marble. On the Eaſt end of it is a Dial, and the Entrance into the Merchants Court. On the Weſt are the Benches, where the Magiſtrates ſit, raiſed conſiderably above the Floor of the Court, above which are the Pictures of King Charles II. and King James II. large as the Life. On the North a Gallery for Spectators; and on the South the Windows, which are very pretty, particularly that Window which is a Katharine-Wheel, in which is a large Sun-dial of painted Glaſs, with this Motto, Eheu Fugaces! Under this is a large Balcony, which overlooks the River. Here it is that the Mayor and Sheriff keep their Courts, and the Judges at Lammas hold the Aſſize. Here is kept the Guilds, the Court of Admiralty, &c.

ON the North-ſide of this Hall is a magnificent Entrance into a Paſſage, which leads into a large Room called the Town's Chamber. Here it is that the Mayor tranſacts the common Buſineſs of the Town. Here the Common Council is held, where the Mayor ſits on a Bench diſtinguiſhable from the others, the Aldermen on each Side of him, the Common Council below upon Chairs placed on each Side the Room, and ſeparated from the Benches, as the Court itſelf is ſeparated from the Benches there. And here upon the Days of Rejoicing, the State Holidays, the Mayor not long ago entertained the Magiſtrates and Burgeſſes with a Banquet of Wine, &c. to which they were wont to come from the Mayor's Houſe with great Pomp and Solemnity. At the Weſt-end of the Room is a ſmall Apartment, or withdrawing Room, where the Magiſtrates upon Occaſion retire, where the ancient Records of the Town are kept, &c. Under this Court and Chambers are the Weigh-houſe and Town-houſe. The former is for weighing all Sorts of Commodities; for in the Reign of King Henry VI. Braſs Weights according to the Standart were ſent to this Town. The latter is the Place where the Clerk of the Chamber and the Chamberlain are to receive the Revenues of the Town for Coal, Salt, Ballaſt, Grind-Stone, &c.Grey.

[126]BEFORE I leave this Street, I muſt by no Means omit the Effigies of King James II. which ſtood here, as I have been told, on that Side of the Bull-ring next the Court-ſtairs. By the Account I have had (for I never ſaw the Statue itſelf, nor the Picture of it) it muſt have been a very curious Work. The King's Picture on Horſeback was caſt in Copper large as the Life; the Horſe ſtood upon his Hind-Feet, raiſed upon a Pedeſtal of white Marble, which was ſurrounded with Iron-Pales. It coſt the Town 1700 l. and was confeſs'd the moſt beautiful and curious of its Kind that was in the whole Kingdom. Certainly it was a great Ornament to the Town, and 'tis therefore great Pity it is not ſtill in Being, tho' it was the Statue of an unfortunate King. But there is no Bounds to the heady Proceedings of a furious Mob; it drives all before it, without either Reaſon or Reflection, and bears no Regard to Things either Civil or religious. Such a one I am told was this, that pull'd down the noble Statue; a few Soldiers, as drunk with Loyalty as with Liquor, aſſiſted by the buſy hot-headed Genius of Sandgate, having provided Ropes for that Purpoſe, pull'd it down, dragg'd it from thence to the Key, and threw it into the River. This was in the Year 1688; it was afterwards taken up again, and Part of it caſt into a Set of Bells, which now belong to All-Hallows in this Town.

Sect. III. The CLOSE.

ON the Eaſt of this Street is the Entrance to the Key-ſide, which ſhall be ſpoken hereafter. On the Weſt is the Cloſe, to which as you go along, you paſs by the North-ſide of the Chapel of St. Thomas the Martyr; and on the other Side oppoſite to this Chapel, an ancient Houſe which is ſaid to be built by Richard de Emmeldon, Mayor of Newcaſtle, for three Prieſts to pray for his Soul. I take it to be nigh thoſe Stairs which lead up to the Half-Moon, the ancient outward Fortification.

FROM hence going on ſtill Weſtward, you croſs over the North-end of the Tine-bridge, and ſo paſs into the Street called the Cloſs. It anſwers its Name exactly well, for it is but narrow and cloſe too. It was formerly that Part of the Town where the principal Inhabitants liv'd, Sir John Marly, Sir William Blacket, Sir Mark Milbank; and the Houſes of many other Gentlemen of Figure are ſtill remembred by the ancient Inhabitants. And indeed however the Street itſelf may be, however mean the Fronts of the Houſes are, within they ſpeak Magnificence and Grandeur, the Rooms being very large and ſtately, and for the moſt Part adorn'd with curious Carving. The Earl of Northumberland's Houſe was in this Street; it was that Houſe which has at its Entrance a great Gate, beſides which there is a large round Ball of Stone, the Houſe on this Side Mr. Thorp Stewart's. In the lower Part of this Building, towards the Water, are very manifeſt Tokens of its Antiquity

OF late Years theſe Houſes have been forſaken, and their wealthier Inhabitants have choſen the higher Parts of the Town.

ON the right Hand as you enter the Street from the Tine-Bridge, are Stairs which lead into the Caſtle-yard, which were the Southern Poſtern of the Caſtle, and are called the Caſtle-ſtairs. On the ſame Side a little further along, are other Stairs, which are called the Long Stairs, which lead up to the Bailiff-Gate, Backraw, Caſtle-yard, Side, &c. almoſt oppoſite to which is a ſmall [127] Key, called Javel-Gripp. Somewhat further along are other Stairs on the ſame Side of the Street, leading to Weſt-gate, which are called Tudhill-Stairs. Perhaps it is not amiſs to tell you what I have been ſomewhere inform'd of, that the proper Name of it ſhould be Tout-hill, from the touting or winding of a Horn upon it, when an Enemy was at Hand. What makes me the more inclineable to believe this Tradition to be true, is, that Cornage was paid to the Caſtle, as may be ſeen in our Account of it. Now Cornage comes from the Word Cornagium, (from Cornu a Horn) and was a Kind of grand Serjeanty: The Service of which Tenure was to blow a Horn, when any Invaſion of the Scots was perceived; and by this many Men held their Land Northward, about the Picts Wall. Cambd. Britan. 609 Pag. and Littleton, Fol. 35.

ALMOST oppoſite to theſe Stairs is the Houſe of the Mayors of Newcaſtle, where they reſide during the Year of their Mayoralty. It is a Building grand and ſtately; and conſidering the Place it ſtands in, is very ornamental. As the Mayors of Newcaſtle have ſuch continual Buſineſs at Court, tho' the Situation is not ſo pleaſing as that of the upper Part of the Town, it is yet more advantageous, as it is nigher the Court.

BEYOND this Houſe a little Way, ſtill going on Weſtward, is the Gate belonging to this Street, called the Cloſe-Gate. The Town-wall deſcends from the Weſt-Friar Tower, down a dangerous Pair of Stairs, upon a very ſteep Bank, to this Gate, from which it goes Southward to the Water-ſide, where is an old Tower, now the Hall of the Sail-makers.

WITHOUT this Cloſe Gate is a Way to the Forth, a Place of Recreation.

IN the Cloſe were many Houſes, which pay an annual Rent to the Maſter and Brethren of St. Mary the Virgin.

THIS Street is commemorated in many ancient Writings for a Mill, which (in ancient Times, long before theſe were drawn) was wont to ſtand upon the Hoga, that is, upon the Bank without the Cloſe-Gate. In a Grant from the Maſter and Brethren of St. Mary's in Weſt-gate, it is permitted to the Parties concern'd, that they have quandam placeam terrae in Vico quoe vocatur le Cloſs, ſicut ſe extendit in longitudine de Hoga, ubi antiquum molidinum ſolebat ſtare, uſque ad aquam Tinae, & quantum de Tina acquirere poterit.

Sect. IV. TINE-Bridge.

IN coming into the Cloſe, we croſs'd the End of the The Bridge is of great Antiquity, undoubtedly as old as the Times of the Romans. There muſt have been a Communication between this and the other Side of the River; and therefore there was a Neceſſity for it. The ingenious Mr. Horſley, p. 104, ſays, I think there are ſome certain and viſible Remains of a military Way on Gateſhead-Fell, pointing directly towards the Part, where I ſuppoſe the Station has been at Newcaſtle, and coming, as I apprehend, from Cheſter le Street. Dr. Hunter aſſured me, he had alſo obſerv'd viſible Remains of ſuch a Way. And it is the common Opinion, that there has been a military Way from Cheſter to Newcaſtle; this Way tends towards the Place where the Bridge now is. There muſt then have been a Bridge in the Roman Times over the River Tine, near the Place where the preſent Bridge ſtands. Tine-Bridge, let us now return and conſider it a little. It has been a Query, whether the Bridge was originally of Wood or Stone; but I think it is altogether needleſs; all the Bridges in England were originally of Wood. In the Reign of [128] Richard I. Philip Biſhop of Durham ſent to the Burgeſſes of Gate-Side a Grant of Foreſtage, in which are theſe Words: And it ſhall be lawful for every Burgeſs to give Wood to whomſoever he will, to be ſpent about the River of Tine, without any Licence. This I imagine has been for the building of Keys, and eſpecially for the repairing of the Biſhop's Part of the Bridge, which is a further Proof, that this Bridge, which was the original one, was Wood. But what I think puts it beyond Diſpute, is, that according to Matthew Paris, it was burnt in the Year 1248, together with a great Part of the Town.

AFTER this Misfortune hapned, the Town, who repairs two Thirds of the Bridge, and the Thomas Ruthall, Biſhop of Durham, in the Reign of Henry VII. built or repair'd the third Part of the Bridge over the River Tine, toward the South. Goodwin. Biſhop the other, laid out their Endeavours to raiſe up another Bridge of Stone. Accordingly the Biſhop of Durham ſent out Indulgences, and the Town procured other Biſhops to do the ſame, to all thoſe that would aſſiſt either with Money or Labour in the erecting of it. By which Means they got ſuch a Sum as was ſufficient.

THE Archdeacon of Northumberland wrote to the Clergy of his Archdeaconry, and deſired them to aſſiſt the Work of the Bridge as much as they could, telling them, their venerable Father the Lord Biſhop of Durham by his Letters Patents, had commanded them without any Let or Delay, to go about the Affair of Indulgences, and that they were to prefer the Epiſcopal Indulgences to others. And what aroſe from them was to be given to the Maſter of the Bridge, who was then Laurentius, for the Uſe of the Bridge. Lib. Cart.

IN like Manner the Official of Carliſle promiſed an Indulgence of 10 Days to any one, that would aſſiſt the repairing of Tine-Bridge.

WALTER Biſhop of Rocheſter on the 8th of the Ides of September, in the Year of our Lord 1277, granted an Indulgence of 20 Days to all that beſtowed Part of the Subſtance GOD had given them, to the repairing of the Tine-Bridge, or would aſſiſt the repairing of it, by working at it with their own Hands.

IT is ſuppoſed by ſome, that William St. Barbara ſent the following Indulgence; but that can't be, for he liv'd a great while before the Bridge was built. It was therefore Walter Biſhop of Durham, who in the 8th Year of his Pontificate ſent it, dated at Weremouth.

Walterus Dei gratia, Dunelm. Epiſ. dilectis in Chriſto Filiis, Archidiacon. Officialibus, Decan. Parſonis, Vicariis, ceteriſque Eccleſiarum Praelatis, per Dioc. Dunelmenſ. conſtitutis, Salutent a [...]ter-nam. Quoniam, ut ait Apoſtolus, omnes ſtabimus ante tribunal Domini noſtri Jeſu Chriſti, receptare prout in corpore geſſimus, ſive bonum ſive malum: oportet nos diem meſſionis extremae, miſericordiae operibus praevenire, ac aeternorum intuitu ſeminare in terris, quod, reddente Domino, cum multiplicato fructu recolligere debeamus in Coelis, firmam ſpem fiduciamque renentes. Quoniam qui ſeminat in pace, pace & metat, & qui ſeminat in benedictionibus, de benedictionibus & metat vitam aeternam. Cum igitur Pons de Tina nimia indigeat reparatione, nec ſine [...] Largitionibus valeat ſuſtentari; vobis mandamus, ſubditis veſtris moneatis, & efficaciter inducatis, ut de bonis à Deo collatis, pias Elcemoſynas ac grata Caritatis ſubſidia ad hoc ſtudeant erogare, ut per ſubventionem ſuam opus hujuſmodi valebat conſeminari. Hos autem de dei omnipotentis miſericordia, ac beatorum Petri & Pauli Apoſtolorum ejus meritis & interceſſione conſici, qui ad dicti Pontis reparationem & ſuſtentationem de bonis a Deo collatis pie contulerint, viginti dies diminuta ſibi penitentia miſerecorditer Relaxamus. Dat' apud Wearem' xiiijo Kalend' Octob' Pontiſ' noſt' anno octavo. WALTER, by the Grace of GOD, to his beloved Sons in Chriſt, to the archdeacons, Officials, Dean, Parſons Vicars, and to the other Prelates of Churches in the Dioceſs of Durham, eternal Health.’

‘FORASMUCH as the Apoſtle ſays, that We muſt all ſtand before the Judgment-ſeat of Chriſt, to receive as we have done in the Body, whether it be good or bad; we ought to prevent the Day of the laſt Harveſt, by doing Works of Mercy, and looking towards heavenly Things, and to ſow on Earth what we ſhall reap in Heaven, with manifold Fruit, holding a firm Hope and Truſt; Becauſe he that ſowes in Peace ſhall reap in Peace, and he that [129] ſoweth in Bleſſings, ſhall of Bleſſings alſo reap, and ſhall reap eternal Life. Seeing then that the Tine-Bridge wants Abundance of Repairs, and cannot be ſuſtained without large Alms, we command to admoniſh thoſe that are under you, and efficaciouſly bring them to give Alms of the Things which GOD hath beſtowed on them; and that for the Sake of Charity they would beſtow on the Work what they can, that by their own Aid and Aſſiſtance a Work of this Kind may be reſtored: And relying on the Mercy of the Omnipotent God, and on the Merits and Interceſſion of the bleſſed Apoſtles Peter and Paul, we releaſe all thoſe our Pariſhioners, truly repenting and confeſſing, who ſhall piouſly contribute of the Things GOD hath ſent them, to the repairing and ſuſtaining the ſaid Bridge, we mercifully releaſe them from the ſmalleſt Penance, for twenty Days to come.’

SEWALDUS Archbiſhop of York, on the Ides of September, in the Year of our Lord 1257, granted an Indulgence of 30 Days to come to every one that beſtowed any Thing towards the Building and repairing of Tine-Bridge.

ANDREW, Biſhop of Cathneſs in Scotland, gave Liberty by a Grant to collect Alms throughout his whole Dioceſs, for the repairing of the Tyne-Bridge.

THE Biſhop of Waterford in Ireland granted alſo to thoſe that would aſſiſt the repairing of the Tyne-Bridge in Newcaſtle upon Tine, a Promiſe of being prayed for in the Cathedral Church of the Holy-Trinity in Waterford, and in the other Churches of his Dioceſs, and alſo an Indulgence for 10 Days.

AMONGST the many Benefactors occaſioned by theſe Means, are theſe following.

JOHN the Son of Decanus, and Bartholomew the Son of William, Son of Benedict, Guardians of the Alms collected for the Support of the Tine-Bridge, with the Council and Aſſent of the Mayor, Bailiffs and Burgeſſes, confirmed to Gervaſius the Son of Ralph, that whole Land with every Thing belonging to it, in the Fields of Jeſemuthia, which Henry de Bulmar, and Ralph gave, and by their Carts confirmed to the ſaid Tine-Bridge, &c. on Condition that he render'd to the ſaid Tine-Bridge, one Plank, or Six Shillings annually at the Feaſt of St. Michael, Adam de Jeſumuthia was the firſt Witneſs to this Grant.

ADAM of Jeſumuthia granted to GOD, and to the Tine-Bridge, on Account of the Soul of William de Greenville and the Souls of his Anceſtors, part of the Ground in the Land of Jeſumuth.

SOME of the Witneſſes to this Chart were Gilbert de Valle, Adam de Pleſſy, Gilbert de Oggell, William de Byker, Elge de Gosford.

RICHARD de Northeſold, and Hugh of London, gave nine Shillings and ſix Pence, out of certain Lands lying in the vico fori to the repairing of the Bridge. One Stephen of Benwell is mention'd in this Grant, as having Land adjoining to that out of which this Money is granted.

SOME of the Witneſſes to this Grant were Thomas Carliol, then Mayor of the Town, &c. J. Lindiſay, Bail' Robert de Mitford, Adam de Blakedon.

NICHOLAS de Saws gave to the Reparation of the Bridge, when Nicholas Scot was Mayor, and Adam de Blakedon, Laurentius Cuſtos pontis, & Sancti Thome, 1269.

SOME other Benefactors occaſioned by the ſame Means, viz.

PETER de Graper, Adam Son of Henry de Carliol, Burgeſs of Newcaſtle, Nicholas Son of Adam de Carliol, Burgeſs of Newcaſtle, Henry Lewyn, Joannes Auriſaber, Robert de Valenceves, and Emma his Wife, Henricus, Gervaſius, John de [130] Burneto, St. Thomas's Chapel. John Brune, Joannes Page, Richard de Cromclif, Roger Amyas, Anno 1292, William of Salisbury, 1315, Ralph Brydock of Gateſide, 1323, Simon de Shotton, Robert de Seaton, Henry Gategang Parſon de Emildon, 1251. In the Year 1255, Henry de Carliol, then Mayor, Robert Valeſine gave an annual Rent to the Support of the Tine-Bridge, and to a Chaplain to put up Prayers for the Souls of himſelf, his Father, and Emma his late Wife, in the Chapel of St. Thomas the Martyr.

Laurentius de Moreton and Alice his Wife of this Town, granted a Meſſuage in Pampeden to John de Brinklawe of Newcaſtle, and his Wife; on Condition that they paid to the Guardian or Maſter of the Bridge 4 s. at the Terms agreed upon, and gave to them and their Heirs one Et nobis & Heredibus noſtris unam Roſam ad Feſtum Nativitatis Sancti Joannis Baptiſtae. Lib. Cart. p. 55. Roſe at the Feaſt of the Nativity of St. John Baptiſt.

FOR the Collection of theſe Alms, and receiving them, there was one conſtituted the Cuſtos or Guardian of the Bridge, which was ſometimes alſo the Maſter of St. Thomas the Martyr, as may be obſerved in the Account of thoſe Charities.

IN the 43d of Edward the 3d, an Inquiſition was made, whereby it was found, that the Bridge was ſo decay'd, that 1000 l. would not repair it; and that 20 Marks belongs to the ſaid Bridge, and to the Chapel of St. Thomas the Martyr, built upon the ſame, 10 whereof was paid to the Maſter of the ſaid Chapel, for himſelf, and his Clerk, and the remaining ten Marks to the Bridge Maſter Builder.

THIS Bridge, after it was repaired, ſtood upon 12 bold Arches, but now there are only 9, the reſt being turned into Cellaring, at the Building of the Keys. It is a pretty Street, beſet with Houſes on each Side for a great Part of it. In the Entrance from the North into it, ſtands the Chapel of St. Thomas the Martyr, ſometime Archbiſhop of Canterbury, ſo called, becauſe it was dedicated to him. Who the Founder of it was I have never been able to learn, nor the Time of it's Building; but it muſt have been after the Year 1171, the Year when the Martyr ſuffer'd, and it muſt have been built before the Year 1248, becauſe then it was in being.

IN this Chapel were Three Chanteries.

THE Chantery of St. Anne in the Chapel of St. Thomas upon Tine-Bridge, was founded by William Herryng, valued at 4 l. 17 s. and aroſe out of certain Tenements on the Sandhill.

THE Chantery of our Lady in the ſaid Chapel: No Deed of Foundation to be ſhewed, but the Incumbent now being is Reſident upon the ſame, and he and his Predeceſſors, ſome ſay, always preſented by the Mayor of Newcaſtle for the Time being, and Chriſtopher Threkeld Patron, valued at 4 l. 3 s. 6 d. which aroſe out of certain Tenements in the Cloſe and Side.

ANOTHER Chantery of our Lady founded by George Carr, Merchant, of Newcaſtle; but never Licenced, valued at 5 l. 6 s. 8 d. out of the Sandhill and the Side.

SOME of the Maſters of the Chapel are theſe following.

WILLIAM de Stanhope cuſtos Capellae Sancti Thomae Martyris Anno 1297, & 1289.

NICHOLAS de Stockton Magiſter Capellae beati Thomae Martyris, 1341.

IN the Reign of Edward the third, anno 1347, William Spynn was Capellanus Cuſtos Capellae Sancti Thomae Martyris, and Guardian of the Alms for the [131] Support of the Tine-Bridge. In this Year by the Conſent of the Mayor and Bailiffs and Common Council of Newcaſtle upon Tine, he confirmed by his own Charter to Gilbert de Mitford, Burgeſs of Newcaſtle, the middle Cellar of the three which are under the Chapel, on Condition that he paid annually fourteen Shillings at the Feaſt of St. Martyn in the Winter, &c. to the ſaid Maſter, &c. This Grant was ſealed with the Town's Seal, and ſigned by Peter Graſſer, Mayor, William de Acton, Hugo de Angreton, Hugo de Carliol, & John de Emeldon, Bailiffs.

WE meet him alſo 1352.

JOHN Croft, Cuſtos, Edw. 4th's Reign, anno 1405; Maſter alſo in the Year 1411.

THOMAS Scot Cuſtos Capellae, &c. in the Reign of Hen. 7, anno 1498.

32d Hen. 8th, John Brandlin, Clericus Maſter.

ST. Mary Magdalen's Hoſpital was annexed to the Chapel of St. Thomas the Martyr, at the Bridge-end, and conſiſts of a Maſter and three poor Brethren, to be free Burgeſſes of this Town, each Brother to have 3 l. 6 s. 3 d. per annum; and the Curate for reading Prayers, and one Sermon in the Year, has 4 l. 6 s. 8 d. and the Collecter of the Rents about 1 l. 17 s. 6 d. The whole Rental is 29 l. 7 s. 8 d.

THIS Grant or Charter was renewed in the Reign of King James the firſt, whereby Robert Jenniſon is declared the firſt Maſter, perhaps Mr. Robert Bonner was ſecond, upon whoſe Death Mr. Thomas Daviſon was choſen 1675, qui obiit 1715.

THE preſent Maſter is the Rev. Dr. Thomlinſon.

THIS Chapel was lately beautified and Pewed, and on Sunday the 10th of September 1732, (the whole Body of the Magiſtrates coming to it with the uſual Solemnities and Formalities) was ſet apart by the Corporation for a Chapel of Eaſe to the Church of St. Nicholas. The Sermon in the Morning was preached by the Rev. Mr. Vicar; that in the Afternoon by the Rev. Mr. Clayton. The officiating Miniſters are the Rev. Mr. Cowling, who preaches on the Sunday Morning, and the Rev. Mr. Cuthberts, and the Rev. Mr. Clayton, on the Sunday Afternoon alternately.

A little beyond this is a large and ſtrong Building, which Grey informs us, was built a little before the Writing of his Hiſtory, upon an Arch of the Bridge, and uſed for a Magazine for the Town. Under this are the Shops of Francis Rudſton, Eſq Alderman, and Mr. William Sorsby. There is very viſible above this Gate-way, the Remains of a Port Cullice. After the Reſtoration, the Picture of King Charles the 2d, was ſet up on the South ſide of this Building, with this Motto under it, Adventus Regis, Solamen Gregis; The coming of the King, is the Comfort of the People. It was wont to look exceedingly beautiful, and in coming along the Bridge from the South, was a very worthy and conſpicuous Ornament to the Town; but of late it is pretty much obſcur'd with Duſt, if not defac'd with the Weather, through the Want of being put into a little Order and Regularity.

ON the North-ſide of this Building is an Account of it's being repair'd in the Year 1713. Henry Reay, Eſq Mayor; Joſeph Green, Eſq Sheriff.

AFTER you come from under the Gateway of the Magazine, there is an open on the Bridge on either Side. Over the one of theſe it was that ſurprizing Accident happened to Mr. Anderſon, a Merchant and Alderman this [132] Town: As he was looking over the Bridge talking with a Friend, he finger'd a Ring he had on (as People frequently do when they are thoughtful) which before he was aware, fell into the River, and was given entirely over for loſt. Sometime after one of his Servants having bought a Salmon in the Market, found the very Ring in the Belly of the Fiſh, and reſtored it to his Maſter. Herodotus gives the like Account in the 3d Book of Polycrates King of Samos, who was at that Time eſteem'd one of the Favourites of Fortune, which as my Authority obſerves, may ſatisfy us of the Truth of Solomon's ſaying, There is no new Thing under the Sun.

THIS Gentleman was Mayor of Newcaſtle, and was Anceſtor of the preſent Mr. Abraham Anderſon Merchant, on the Sandhill. The ſaid Francis Anderſon made his Eſtate to his Son Henry Anderſon, who was the Father of the ſaid Abraham's Grandfather. The Eſtate and Ring have been in the Family ever ſince, and are now in the Poſſeſſion of the ſaid Abraham. I my ſelf ſaw this Ring about 4 Months ago. The Impreſſion the Seal gives is that of Soloman and the Queen of Sheba. On the Inſide of the Ring, juſt under the Signet, is the Picture of a Salmon, in Commemoration of the Fiſh and the Tranſaction, on the one Side of which is the Letter F, and on the other the Letter R, in Commemoration of the Perſon. It is a Curioſity ſo great, that not only the whole Kingdom can't ſhow the like of it; but the whole World beſide, nay the World itſelf never, that we know of, had the like Tranſaction but once before, viz. that before-mentioned. The Gentleman therefore who has this valuable Jewel in his Poſſeſſion, ought to have the utmoſt Care of it upon many Accounts, and as none of the leaſt, that it is a Credit to his Family, as well as to the Town.

A little further, about the middle of the Bridge is a large old Tower, which they call the Tower of the Bridge, where leud and diſorderly Perſons are kept 'till they are examined by the Mayor, and brought to due Puniſhment, except the Crime be of a very groſs Nature, and then are removed to Newgate and there continue 'till the Aſſizes. Beyond this a little is the Blue-Stone, which gives the Name of the Blue-Stone to that Part of the Bridge. Here is the Bounds of Newcaſtle Southwards. Beyond this, the other Part of the Bridge belongs to the County Palatine of Durham, and is repaired by the Biſhop. At the End of the Bridge, which leads into Gateſide, is another Tower, where has been a Draw-bridge.

Sect. V. Of the KEYSIDE.

ABOVE when I mentioned the Sandhill, I took Notice, that on the Eaſt it leads to the Key-ſide, which is a long Wharf or Key for Ships and other Veſſels. It is built upon the Sand, as indeed all the lower Parts of the Town have been. Through this Street goes the remaining Part of the Town-wall, which is continued from the Eaſt-end of the Merchants Court to Sandgate Gate, which make in ſome Manner two Streets, the Inſide and Outſide of the Key. On the Top of this Wall is a Walk along it, as is along the other Walls of the Town; and at the Bottom of it are a great many Gates, which are called Water-gates. Theſe in the Reign of King James I. Anno 1616, were ordered to be locked up every Night, except one or two to ſtand open, for the Maſters and Seamen to go to and fro to their Ships. This was done, to prevent Servants caſting Aſhes and other Rubbiſh into the River; and thoſe two Gates were watched all Night long.

[133]THIS Key extends in Length from Eaſt to Weſt 103 Rods.

THIS Street is chiefly inhabited by ſuch as have their Living by Shipping, ſuch as Merchants, Hoſtmen, Brewars, &c. As it is the great Place of Reſort for the Buſineſs of the Coal-trade (the grand Support of this Town and Country, and many other Places alſo) and likewiſe for many other Things; it is not much to be wondred at, if in going along it, you ſee almoſt, nothing but a whole Street of Sign-poſts of Taverns, Ale-houſes, Coffee-houſes, &c.

AFTER you paſs the Cuſtom-houſe, where the King's Cuſtoms are received, which is at the Weſt-end of this Street, as you go along eaſtward, you meet with a great many narrow Chairs or Lanes. Theſe have ſo many Times changed their Names, and in all Probability will ſo often do it, that it is to little Purpoſe at preſent to mention them. There is however Grundon-Chair, which I meet with in a Writing of ſeveral hundred Years old; as alſo the Name of the Broad Chair, of a very ancient Standing, and the Name of another in a Writing, drawn in the Reign of Henry VI. which, had it been worth remembring, would in all Probability have been forgot long before now. But which of the others went formerly by the Names of Brown-Chair, the Chair of Nicholas de Salicibus, Tod's Chair, Norham Chair, Philip's Chair, Shipman Chair, Oliver Chair, Galway Chair, we are altogether in the dark. There is one more ancient Name of a Chair in this Street, which is the Kirk-Chair, or the Way or Lane they generally went to Church by from the Keyſide. This I take to be that Chair, which now goes by the Name of Fenwick's Entry, becauſe its Situation anſwers ſo exactly to the Church-yard, the Top of this Chair being almoſt upon a Line with the Stairs that lead up to the Church. This Lane is much the neateſt of the whole Street, having in it ſeveral good Houſes, which are kept in a different Order from the Generality of the Houſe in thoſe narrow Lanes. In the upper Part of it is the Dwelling-houſe of Cuthbert Fenwick, Eſq Alderman of this Town, who is the Proprietor of the whole Entry.

AT the Key itſelf is a very ſafe Station for Ships, where they lye free and ſecure from the greateſt Dangers of Wind and Water, where they unload their Wares and Commodities, their Wood, Deal; and by a Crane, their Wines, Flax, and all heavier Commodities.

CHAP. XI. Of Pandon or Pampedon.

[134]

HAVING done with what was anciently called Newcaſtle, we come now to deſcribe the ancient Town of Pampedon, which was a Town of itſelf diſtinct from Newcaſtle; but was united to it in the Reign of Edward I. Vide anno 1299. There is ſome Doubt about the Reaſon of the Name, ſome imagining it came from Pandana, one of the Gates of Rome, which was ſo called, quia ſemper paterit, becauſe it ſtood always open. But I dare ſay, this could never give Name to the Town of Pandon, which being in all Probability a Roman Place of Defence, was rather obliged to be always ſhut. Others imagine it came from Pandara, a Scottiſh Virgin Saint; but for what Reaſon they know beſt. For my Part I never ſaw one yet; and perhaps for good Reaſon. For if I miſtake not, this Town had the Name of Pandon, before there ever was a Saint in that Kingdom. I am therefore inclinable to believe, that it got its Name from the Romans who lived in it, who, as Grey agrees, called it Pampedon or Pantheon, becauſe perhaps ſome Building was erected here in this Place, in Imitation of the Pantheon at Rome (this Wall being the utmoſt Confines of the Roman Empire) which was built in Honour of all the Gods. And as this Wall was the utmoſt Bounds of the Roman Empire, therefore there might be ſuch a Temple in this Place, to remind the Romans of the neceſſary Aſſiſtance of all the Gods, to preſerve the Bounds of the Roman Empire. The late Rom. Brit. p. 131. Mr. Horſley will have the latter Syllable of this Word to come from the Word Deen, which ſignifies a Hollow, or a Brook, becauſe ſuch is the Place. But with this I cannot agree; the Deen could not have that Weight with it, as to give Name to the whole Place; or ſhould that be allowed, how is the former Part of the Name accounted for? It retains therefore (as Grey juſtly obſerves) its Name, without much Alteration, ſince the Romans reſided in it. After the Departure of the Romans, as the ſame Authority gives out, the Kings of Northumberland kept their Reſidence in it, and had their Houſe now called Pandon-Hall. It was a ſafe Bulwark, having the Picls Wall on the North-ſide, and the River Time on the South. This Place of Pandon is of ſuch Antiquity, that if a Man would expreſs an ancient Thing, it is a common Proverb, As old as Pandon-Gate. Thus far this Author.

Sect. I. Of the MANOUR-CHARE.

[135]

BUT to treat of ſome Particulars of this ancient Town, we ſhall begin then at the Manour-Chare, which leads from Pilgrim-ſtreet to St. Auſtin Fryers. This Chare which leads from Pilgrim-ſtreet to Jeſus Hoſpital, and from thence to the Head of the Broad-Chare, was in ancient Times called Cowgate. This is plain from an ancient Writing in the Poſſeſſion of Mr. Thomas Waters, in Pilgrim-ſtreet, dated Feb. 20, in the 5th Year of Edward the 4th, where are theſe Words, deſcribing the Situation of the Houſe he poſſeſſes at preſent: Prout jacet in vico Peregrinorum infra villam Novicaſtri ſuper Tynam inter Tenementum nuper Laurentii de Acton ex parte Boreali, & Tenementum nuper Thomae Clerk, ex parte Auſtrali, & extendit in Longitudine a via Regia ante, uſque vicum quondam vocatum Cowgate, modo vocatum Auſtyn-Chare, retro. In the Reign of Edward the 4th it had the Name of Auſtyn-Chare, as appears alſo from this Writing: Now it has the Name of Manour-Chare which ſome imagine to be given from the Word Minor or Minorites, or Franciſcans; but unleſs they can prove that the Fryery of the Franciſcans was ſituated here, they never can prove that the Chare was ſo called from them; and this is ſcarce poſſible to be done. For we have already ſhewn that the Minorites or Franciſcans had their Houſe in another Part of the Town, viz. in the High-Fryar-Chare; this is alſo clearly proved from the ſeveral Writings of the Company of Taylors, that this Place was formerly called Cowgate, and afterwards called the Frear-Chare, or St. Auſtin Frear-Chare. Theſe Writings of theirs alſo mention an Alms-houſe, which went by the Name of Ward's Alms-houſe, ſituated in this Chare, I ſuppoſed it was ſituated at the Bottom of Mr. Water's Garden, for I have heard ſome old People ſay, they remember thereabouts the Ruins of an Alms-houſe.

Cowgate the ancient Name of the Street, is ſtill continued in one Part of it, viz. from the Foot of Silver-ſtreet, to the Head of the Broad-Chare.

HAVING come down this Lane from Pilgrim-ſtreet, we come to three different Ways; that on the Right leads down into Pandon; that on the Front leads into the Town's Hoſpital; and that on the Left, into St. Auſtin-Fryers, and Carliol-Croft.

Sect. II. Of St. AUSTIN-FRYERS.

THE left-hand Paſſage has ſtill the Remains of a large Gate, which has been one of the Gates leading to St. Auſtin-Fryers, which, (having paſt this Gate) is a little above upon the Right Hand. There is ſtill a compleat Quadrangle, to be ſeen, the South-ſide of which has undoubtedly been the Chapel. This ſeems to have been the ancient Building, for Grey ſeems to [136] ſpeak of ſome ſumptuous Additions that were made to it. In ſucceeding Ages, ſays he, it was inlarged and beautified with ſtately Buildings, Cloyſters, and a Fair Church. The Kings of England ſince the Conqueſt, kept Houſe in it, whence they came with an Army Royal againſt Scotland; and ſince the Suppreſſion of Monaſteries, made a Magazine and Store-houſe for the North Parts. Now of late that Princely Fabrick is demoliſhed, and laid level with the Ground. The Pride, Covetouſneſs, Luxury and Idolatry of theſe Houſes brought a ſudden Ruin upon themſelves and Houſes.

THE ſame Authority tells us alſo, that there was an antient Religious Houſe founded by the Kings of Northumberland, and that ſeveral of them were buried here; but it cannot be true that they built any Thing for the St. Auſtin Fryers, for they came not into England 'till long after the Conqueſt, in the Year 1252. Then it was that Lanfrank of Milan, the firſt General of the Eremites of St. Auſtin, ſent ſome of them into England to ſeek a Dwelling for themſelves. The Auguſtin Fryers held their firſt Houſe given them in Wales, at a Place called Wood-houſe which before had belonged to the Family of the noble Family of the Turburvills. Afterward Humphry Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Eſſex, in the Year of our Lord 1253, gave them a Houſe and beautiful Church, remarkable for a Spire of wonderful Workmanſhip, in London; which is now partly a Meeting-houſe for the German Proteſtants who have ſettled in London.

Anno 1377, the Auguſtin Fryers obtained Leave to eat Fleſh, upon Condition that they ſhould keep the Faſt of the Fryers Minors before Chriſtmas. Stephen. ad. Vol. 2d. 221.

WHAT Year this Houſe was founded in, or this Order came to this Houſe, I have no where met with, but the Auguſtines are ſaid to have been founded by the Lord Roſs, De rebus Novocaſt'. the Baron of Werk, which I am inclinable to believe very true, for in the 11th of Edward the Second, 1317. I find mention made of ſome Lands in Cowgate, belonging to the Brethren of St. Auſtin, which were given them by William Roſs who was Baron of Werk. How much earlier than this King's Reign this Monaſtery was founded, I have not been able to learn. But it's probable it was ſometime in the Reign of Edward the 1ſt, and this I think is out of Diſpute now, for ſince this Conjecture of my own, I received a Letter from the Rev. Mr. Wearing, of Bampton in Weſtmoreland, with the following Account. King Edward the Firſt, in the 19th Year of his Reign, gave Leave to one John de Capella, to give and aſſign a Meſſuage of his in Penrith, to the Prior and Fryers of the Order of St. Auguſtine, in the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne.

THEY ſurrendred on the 9th of Jan. 30 Hen. 8.

THE incloſed Ground all round it, where is now the Paſture of Nathaniel Clayton, Eſq Alderman, the Surgeons-Hall, the Hoſpitals, &c. did undoubtedly belong to them, and were their Gardens.

THIS Houſe is now turned partly into a Work-houſe, for the Employment of the Poor; Part of it is turned into a Houſe of Correction, a Dunghill, &c. Here is the Charity-School of the Pariſh of All Hallows, which was built Anno 1723, and an Houſe for the Maſter to live in, which was built the ſame Year.

THE Bells of All Hallows were caſt in this Place, which ſince the Decay of the Monaſtery, was called rhe Artillery-yard, from the Townſmens performing there the Exerciſe of the Pike and Gun.

BEFORE I have done with this Monaſtery, it may not be amiſs to mention a Paſſage in Milbank's Manuſcript, which came to my Hands ſince the compiling of this Antiquity. The Author of it ſays, "When I was young, [137] (which was, as I take it, about the Firſt of King James I. Reign) ‘there were Cloyſters in this Monaſtery, and a fair Church. A Scot did beg it of King James; after that took the Lead off it and ſold it; but it was caſt away before it came to its Market. He ſold alſo ſome Stones to Sir Peter Riddel, who with them built the South-End of his fine Houſe; but now it belongs to Captain Dykes, and his Poſterity hath no right.’

Sect. III. Of JESUS HOSPITAL.

HAVING thus done with what relates to the Paſſage above mentioned on the left Hand, let us enter that on the Front. And this is what the People call the Town's Hoſpital, but its true Name is Jeſus Hoſpital, for it was dedicated to the Holy Jeſus. You aſcend to it by Stairs from the high Street, and then enter into a pleaſing Field, on the North-ſide of which is the ſaid Hoſpital. It is three Story high, and the Under-ſtory is adorned with Piazza's, which are about 60 Yards in Length, and make a very agreeable Walk. About the Middle of the Piazza's is the Entrance into the ſecond and third Stories; and over againſt this Entrance is a Fountain (very much beautified) for the Uſe of the Hoſpital.

THIS new Hoſpital, commonly called the Town's Hoſpital in the Manours, dedicated to the Holy Jeſus, was founded, erected, and endowed, at the Charge of this Corporation Anno 1681, T. Robſon Mayor., for a Maſter, and thirty nine poor Freemen, or Freemens Widows.

THE Town allows them quarterly 20 s. and the Maſter 30 s.

TOWARDS the Bottom of this Field is another Hoſpital, erected for ſix poor Widows of Clergymen and Merchants, which was endowed by the Charity of Mrs. Anne Daviſon, Widow of Mr. Benjamin Daviſon, Merchant, and erected by the Corporation of Newcaſtle, Nathaniel Clayton, Eſq Mayor, Thomas Waſſe, Eſq Sheriff, Anno 1725.

THEY have to ſubſiſt on 40 s. per Quarter each.

Sect. IV. Of the BARBER-SURGEONS Hall.

ON the Eaſt of this ſame Field is the Hall of the Barber-Surgeons, which was rebuilt by them in the Year 1730.

IT is a very beautiful one, and not a little ſumptuous; it ſtands upon tall Piazza's, under which is a very ſpacious Walk. There is before it a fine Square, divided into four Areas or Graſs-Plats, ſurrounded with Gravel-Walks, each of which is adorned with a Statue. The Firſt of the two next the [138] Hall is the Figure of Aeſculapius placed upon a tall Pedeſtal, upon one Side of which is the Motto [...]. In the Area, opppoſite to this, is the Figure of Hippocrates, who bears an open Book, with theſe Words in it [...], and on the one Side of the Pedeſtal [...] [...], Theſe were ſet up in the Year 1710, John Shaw and Robert Golightly Stewards.

ON the other two Graſs-Platts are the Figures of Medicus Pergameus or Galen, and Medicus Spagyricus or Paracelſus, which were erected 1712, Robert Golightly and William Handby Stewards. I am inform'd by one of this Company, that in a little Time, the Wall at the Foot of the Garden will be taken away, and inſtead thereof will be Iron-Rails. It will ſhew the Hall and Gardens to ſome Advantage, but be rather too great an Ornament for ſuch a dirty Part of the Town.

THERE are beſides this Square two other Gardens for Herbs, which together with the Hall and Garden we have been ſpeaking of, are attended by a Gardner, who lives there for that Purpoſe.

Sect. V. Of WARD's Alms-houſe, ALVEY's Iſland, PANDON Hall.

WE now turn to the right Hand, and deſcend the Chair towards Pandon, and paſs by Mr. Waters's Garden, at the End of which was Ward's Alms-houſe, above mentioned, of which I have lately met with the following Account from the Milbank Manuſcript. ‘The chief Alms-houſe in the Town is the Ward's, near the Manour; the Mills at Pandon-gate ſhould give them, as I remember, 20 s. per annum, to buy them Coals; but old Mr. Brandling pulled off the Lead, on purpoſe to expel the poor People, which he did. The Mills are now fallen into one Homers's Hand, and ſo is loſt for ever. I have ſeen the Writings, and know it.’ Below this is a narrow Paſſage which leads into the Carliol Croft. Below this again is a Place, which was formerly called the Iſland, as ſays Tradition. It was ſo called, becauſe in former Times, when the Tide flow'd up to the Stock-bridge, there was thereabout a Hill of Sand, which at the Tide's leaving of it, appeared like an Iſland. They call it at preſent Alvey's Iſland, becauſe it belong'd to one of that Name. It is the very Place, on which ſtands the Houſe, Cellars, and Malting of Mr. George Hinkſter, which are bounded on the Weſt, North and South by the King's Street, and on the Eaſt by a waſte Piece of Ground, of the Lady Goldsburgh, which was formerly called the Stones.

OPPOSITE to the South Front of this Houſe was the ancient Building, viz. Pandon-hall, above mentioned, but now rebuilt in ſome Meaſure. There are ſtill remaining many ancient Walls and Parts of this Building; it was of conſiderable Bigneſs, having been according to Tradition, on its North-front in Length from the Stockbridge to Cowgate; and on its Weſt-front in Length from its North-weſt Corner, beyond that Lane that leads into Blyth's Nook.

IT is of great Antiquity, being built in the Times of the Heptarchy; for it was the Houſe of the Kings of Northumberland, who liv'd in it, for which Reaſon it was call'd Pandon-hall.

Sect. VI. Of FISHERGATE and WALL-KNOWL.

[139]

FROM hence we go Eaſtward unto Pandon-Bridge, which is called the Stock-Bridge. It was undoubtedly of Wood in ancient Times, tho' we meet with an Account of its being Stone, when Thomas de Carliol was Mayor, which was in Edward I. Time at lateſt. To this Place it was that the Fiſhermen brought up their Fiſh, and ſold them here, as Grey obſerves from Tradition. But to confirm this beyond the Force of Tradition; it muſt certainly have been true, that the Fiſh-market was here, becauſe the Street you go into when you have paſt Pandon-Bridge, was formerly called Fiſher-gate. Now this is plain from an ancient Writing, which was drawn when Henry le Scot was Mayor of this Town, about the Year 1287. I ſhall give my Authority at large, becauſe there depends upon it ſome other Things beſides this.

THE Writing is a Conveyance of ſome Land which is thus deſcribed.

QUAE extendit in longitudine à communi via ſuper le Wall-Knoll, in auſtralem. Partem domûs Fratrum de monte Carmel, uſque ad communem viam quae ſolebat ducere verſus Fiſhergate, i. e.

WHICH Land extends itſelf from the Street of the Wall-Knoll, to the South-ſide of the Monaſtery of the Carmelites, even to the High-way, which formerly led to Fiſhergate.

NOW it is certain, this Monaſtery was at the Top of the Wall-Knoll; the Remains of it are ſtill in Being, and ſhall be by and by further conſider'd. It is alſo certain from this ancient Writing, that a Way led from the South-ſide of the ſaid Monaſtery to Fiſhergate; therefore this Street muſt be Fiſhergate, becauſe the common Way here ſpoken of could lead to no other Place. I take this common Way to have been thoſe Stairs beſide Mr. Green's Houſe at the Stockbridge, which lead up to the Gardens there, and which, were it not a Wall, would lead directly from this Street to the Remains of this Monaſtery.

AS we go along from the Stockbridge, we meet two Streets, one on the left Hand, and the other on the right. That on the left Hand is called the Wall-Knoll, which, as it is a very great Aſcent and high Hill from Fiſhergate, ſo it ſeems to me to have this Name from the Roman Wall going along it; for the Word Knoll ſignifies an Hill or Eminence, as I gather from the Lord Biſhop of London's Note in Cambden upon Sevenoke in Kent, who ſays, On the Eaſt-ſide of it ſtandeth Knowll, ſo called, becauſe it is ſeated upon a Hill. And Grey ſays alſo poſitively, that it was Part of the Picts Wall.

AT the upper End of the Street above mentioned, towards the Carpenters The following Play coming too late to my Hands to be inſerted in its proper Place, I am obliged to mention it here. It is intituled, NOAH's ARK; or, The SHIPWRIGHTS ancient PLAY, or DIRGE.Deus incipitur.ERE was this World that I have wrought.No Marvel it is if I do ſhow;Their Folk in Earth I made of Nought,Now are they fully my Foe.Vengeance now will I doOf them that have grieved me ill,Great Floods ſhall over them go,And run over Hoope and Hill.All Mankind dead ſhall be,With Storms both ſtiff and ſteer;All but Noah my Darling free,His Children and their Wives,Ever more yet they trow'd in me,Save therefore I will their Lives.Henceforth my Angel free,Into Earth look what thou would,Greet well Noah in this Degree,Sleeping thou ſhalt him find:Bid him go make a ShipOf ſtiff Board and great,Although he be not a Wright.Therefore bid him not lett,He ſhall have Wit at Will,Be that he come thereto;All Things I him fulfill,Pitch, Tar, Scam and Rowe.Bid him in any Manner of Thing,To Ship when he ſhall walk,Of all kine Kind of Beaſt and Fowl,The Male and Female with him he take.Bid him go provey, ſay ſo,In Ship that they not die,Take with him Hay, Corn and Straw,For his Fowl and his Fee.Henceforth my Angel freeTell him this for certain;My Bleſſing with thee be,While that thou come again.Angelus dicat.Waken Noah, to me take tent.Noah bid, if thou hear this Thing,Ever whilſt thou live thou ſhall repent.Noah reſpondit.What art thou for Heaven's King,That wakens Noah off his Sleeping,Away I would thou went.Angelus dicat.It is an Angel to thee ſent,Noah, to tell thee hard Tiding;For every Ilk a Wight for Warks wild,And many fowled in Sins fair,And in Felony fowly filled;Therefore a Ship thou dight to ſteer,Of true Timber highly railed,With thirty Cubits in Defence.Look that ſhe draw when ſhe is dreſt,And in her Side a Door thou ſhear,With Feneſters full fitly feſt,And make Chambers both more and leſs,For a Flood that up ſhall burſt;Such a Flood in Earth ſhall be,That every like Life that hath Life-ward,Beaſt and Body with Bone and Blood,They ſhall be ſtormed through Streſs of Storm;Albeit thou Noah and thy Brood,And their three Wives in your Hand,For you are full righteous and good,You ſhall be ſaved by Sea and Land,In the Ship ere you enter out,You take with you both Ox and Cow;Of ilk a Thing that Life has lent,The Male and Female you take with you.You fetch in Fother for your Freight,And make good Purveiance for you prove,That they periſh not in your Sight;Do Noah as I have bidden thee now.Noah reſpondit.Lord be then in this Stead,That me and mine will ſave and ſhield;I am a Man no worth at Need,For I am ſix hundred Winters old,Unluſty I am to do ſuch a Deed,Worklooms for to work and weeldFor I was never ſince I was born,Of Kind of Craft to burthen a Boat;For I have neither Ryff nor Ruff,Spyer, Sprund, Spront, no Sprot.Chriſt be the Shaper of this Ship,For a Ship need make I muſt.Even wo worth thou fouled Sin,For all too dear thou muſt be bought,God for Thanks he made Mankind,Or with his Hands that he them wrought;Therefore or ever you blind,You mind your Wife, and turn your Thought,For of my Work I will begin,So well were me were all forth brought.Deabolus intrat.Put off Harro, and wele away,That ever I uproſe this Day;So may I ſmile and ſay,I went, there has been none alive,Man, Beaſt, Child nor Wife,But my Servants were they;All this I have heard ſay,A Ship that made ſhould be,For to ſave with owten Nay,Noah and his Meenye;Yet trow I they ſhall be,Thereto I make a Vow,If they be never ſo ſlee,To taynt them yet I trow.To Noah's Wife will I wynd,Gare her believe in me;In Faith ſhe is my Friend,She is both whunt and ſlee,Reſt well, reſt well, my own Dereday.Uxor Noah dicat.Welcome, fewſthere, what is thy Name,Tyte that thou tell me.Deabolus dicat.To tell my Name I were full loath,I come to warn thee of thy Skaith,I tell thee ſecretly,And thou do after thy Husband read,Thou and thy Children will all be dead,And that right haſtily.Uxor dicat.Go Devil, how ſay, for Shame.Deabolus dicat.Yes, hold thee ſtill le Dame,And I ſhall tell how;I ſwear thee by my crooked Snout,All that thy Husband goes aboutIs little for thy Profit;Yet ſhall I tell thee how,Thou ſhall weet all his Will;Do as I ſhall bid thee now,Thou ſhalt weet every Deal.Have here a Drink full good,That is made of a mightful Main,Be he hath drunken a Drink of this,No longer ſhall he learn.Believe, believe, my own dear Dame,I may no longer bide,To Ship when thou ſhall ſayre,I ſhall be thy Side.Noah dicat.This Labour is full greatFor like an old Man as me,Lo, lo, faſt I ſweat,It trickles at our myn ee;Now Home will I wende,My weary Bones for to reſt,For ſuch Good as God hath ſent,There I get of the beſt.Reſt well Day, what Chear with thee.Uxor dicat.Welcome, Noah, as might I theeWelcome to thine own Wayns.Sit down here beſide me,Thou haſt full weary Baynes:Have eaten, Noah, as might I thee,And ſoon a Drink I ſhall give thee,Such Drink thou never none afore.Noah dicat.What the Devil what Drink is it,By my Father's Soul I have nere loſt my Wit.Uxor dicat.Noah, bode you tell me whereabout you wends,I give God a Vow, we two ſhall nere be Friends.Noah dicat.O Yes Dame could thou layneI would thee tell my Wit.How Good of Heaven an Angel ſent,And bad me make a Ship,This World he will fore doeWith Storms both ſtiff and ſteer ſell,All but thee and me, our Children and Wifes.Uxor dicat.Who Devil made thee a Wright,God give him Evil to fayreOf Hand to have ſuch ſlight,To make Ship leſs or more perfect,Men ſhould have heard wide whereWhen you began to ſmite.Noah dicat.Yes Dame it is God's will,Let be ſo thou not ſay,Go make an End I will,And come again full throng.Uxor dicat.By my Faith I no rakeWhether thou be Friend or Foe,The Devil of Hell thee ſpeed,To ſhip when thou ſhalt go.Noah dicat.God ſend me Help in high,To clink you Nail tooGod ſend me help in high,Your Hand to hold again,That all may well be done,My Strokes be not in Vain.Angelus dicat.God hath thee Help hither ſend,Thereof be thou right bold,Thy Strokes ſhall fair be kend,For thou thy Wife has cowld.Noah dicat.Now is this Ship well madewithin and without thinks me,Now home then will I wendTo fetch in my Money,Have good day both old and young,My Bleſſing with you be.Deabolus dicat.All that is gathered in this Stead,That will not believe in me,I pray to Dolphin Prince of dead,Scald you all in his LeadThat never a one of you thrive, nor thee.FINIS. Amen. Tower, are ſtill to be ſeen the Remains of the Hoſpital of the Carmelites or [140] [141] White Fryers. The Eaſt of their Church is ſtill ſtanding, to the repairing of which Roger Thornton left in his Will two fother of Lead; this Hoſpital being dedicated to St. Michael, gave the Name to it of St. Michael's on the Mount.

IT is ſaid by Dugdale in his Baron. Lumley, that the Roger Thornton he is there ſpeaking of, was the Founder of the Houſe of the White Fryars in Newcaſtle. But this Roger can ſcarce be the Founder of it, for I have proved him to be the younger Roger; and it was taken Notice of above, that Roger the Elder left Two Fother of Lead to it when he died, ſo that if either of them be the Founder, it muſt be the Elder, rather than the Younger that Dugdale ſpeaks of.

BUT I believe it will be a difficult Matter, upon Examination, to prove either the Father or the Son the Founder of it, for it boaſts a greater Antiquity: For this Domus Fratrum de Monte Carmel, is mentioned in an ancient Writing which was drawn when Henry le Scot was Mayor, about the Year 1287, in the Reign of Edward the 1ſt, as is ſaid above, and therefore it muſt at that Time have been in being; but the Elder of them was not Mayor of Newcaſtle, 'till 114 Years after this; ſo that it is impoſſible he ſhould be the Founder, and therefore much leſs his Son. They might, and probably they [142] both of them were great Benefactors, or ſecond Founders to it, and ſo have been eſteemed each of them Founders themſelves.

THEY ſurrender'd at the ſame Time with the Reſt: Sometime after they ſurrender'd, King Henry the 8th made a preſent of this Priory and its Revenues, together with ſome other Lands belonging to other religious Houſes, lying in Newcaſtle upon Tyne, to Sir John Greſham, Alderman of the City of London, and Richard Billing ford, Gent. who 21ſt of February, 2d Edward the 6th, conveyed them to William Dent, of this Town, Gentleman. What they conveyed was as follows.

THE Houſe or Priory of St. Michael de Wall Knoll, with the Things following belonging to it, This Orchard and Garden were undoubtedly the Gardens of Swaddle, Green, Grey, &c. all that Ground which deſcends into Fiſher-gate. a Garden and Orchard, about an Acre of Ground; a Cloſe, about 4 Acres, near the Walls of the Town, 34 Meſſuages, three Gardens, and one Cloſe; alſo a Cloſe called Colerigges, and four Les Rigges in the Sheild Field; alſo 17 more Meſſuages in the Town and Suburbs, belonging to the Monaſtry of Tinmouth; alſo four Tenements and a Garden, in this Town, belonging to the Monaſtry of Alnwick; alſo three Houſes belonging to the Nuns of Halyſtone or Holyſtone, a Village in Northumberland where in the Infancy of the Engliſh Church, Paulinus is ſaid to have baptized many thouſands Halyſtone; alſo ſix Houſes, in this Town, belonging to Newminſter; alſo a Houſe, in this Town, belonging to the Monaſtry of Blanchland; together with every Thing belonging to the ſaid Monaſtries in this Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne.

IN the 24th of Queen Elizabeth, this William Dent, Alderman, and William his Son, conveyed this Priory, together with an Houſe and Orchard, and a Garden, containing an Acre of Ground, to William Jeniſon, then Mayor of Newcaſtle, and Richard Hodgſhon, Alderman.

Sect. VIII. Of CROSSWELL-GATE, BYKER-CHARE.

ABOVE when we went from Fiſhergate-ſtreet, we met two Streets, that on the Left Hand we have already treated of: The other, I imagine, is that which formerly went by the Name of Croſswell-gate, which is often mentioned in ancient Writings. It is reported that the Dwelling-houſe of Roger Thornton was in this Street. Whatever Truth is in this, it is certain, that many Houſes in this Street pay an Annual Rent to the Lord Scarborough to this Day, into whoſe Family the Grand-daughter of Roger Thornton was marryed. There are in this Street ſeveral Lanes or Allies, the firſt we meet with in going along from Fiſhergate, is a Place called, at preſent, Blyth's Nook: It is built over Pandon Burne. The next is a narrow Lane leading to the Burne Bank, a Place by which Pandon Burne runs into the Tyne. It lies very low, and before the Heightning of the Ground with Ballaſt, and the Building of the Wall and Key, was often of great Hazard to the Inhabitants; once in particular a moſt melancholy accident happen'd in this Place, in the Year 1320, the 13th of Edward the 3d, the River of Tyne over-flowed ſo much, that 120 Laymen, and ſeveral Prieſts, beſides Women, were drowned; and as Grey ſays, 140 Houſes were deſtroyed. Compleat Hiſt. Eng. Vol. 1ſt. P. 235.

BEYOND this again is a Chare called Byker Chare, which ſeems by the aged Look of ſeveral of the Buildings, thoſe eſpecially at the North-end of the Chare, where is the Houſe of Mr. Henry Atkinſon, Hoaſtman, to be of great Antiquity: Perhaps it got the Name of Byker-Chare, from one Robert [143] de Byker and Laderine, his Wife, who had Lands in Pandon, &c. See Anno 1299.

BEYOND this again is Cocks Chare, Love-lane, &c. where are ſome Houſes which deſerve a better Situation.

Sect. IX. COWGATE, TRINITY-HOUSE, BROAD-CHARE.

WHEN we came to Pandon-Hall, we went Eaſtward into Pandon; it remains now, that we go Southward from the ſame Place. Leaving then Silver-ſtreet on the Right Hand, we come into Cowgate, which has been a Part of the Town where ſome eminent Men have lived in; ſuch as Gilbert de Cowgate, Walter de Cowgate, &c. who were Men of Fortune and Eſtate. Going forward, we paſs by Blythe Nook on the Left Hand, and the Dog-Bank on the Right, and then we come to the Broad Chare; a little below the Entrance of which, is the Trinity Houſe; which according to ſome was a Monaſtry, dedicated to the Holy Trinity. This Order of the Trinity Houſe was founded by St. John de Matha and St. John de Valois, in the Year 1198, in the Popedom of Innocent III. The End of its Inſtitution was the Redemption of Captives. In the Year 1224, a Monaſtry was founded for this Order in Kent. What Time this Monaſtry of the Trinity (if there was ſuch a one) was founded in this Town, we are intirely in the Dark: Only it was ſaid by ſome, that Laurentius of Newcaſtle, was its Founder. If this be true, it is not improbable but it was Laurentius Acton, who was Mayor of this Town in 1435 and 1436, &c.

WE are alſo equally at a loſs as to its Situation: For Biſhop Burnet, in his Collection of Records, P. 146, ſays, It was on the Wall-knoll, in Newcaſtle; and that they ſurrender'd January 10th, 30th of Henry the 8th. If it was here, I know of no Place to fix it in, but where the Carmelites were, and this could never be. I am therefore inclinable to believe, that this Monaſtry means that of the Carmelites, and through a Miſtake is called that of the Trinity.

BUT be that as it will, it is certain that this Place called the Trinity Houſe, was no Religious Houſe: For it is ſaid in our Account below, to have been called of old Time Dalton's Place. And beſides, had it been this Religious Houſe, the Mariners could not have got Poſſeſſion of it 'till its Suppreſſion, which was on the 10th of January, 30th of Henry the 8th; whereas it was conveyed to them the 20th of Henry the 7th, as the following Account teſtifies.

A Writing in the Cuſtody of the Brethren of the Trinity-Houſe, dated the 4th Day of January, the 20th of the Reign of Henry the 7th, which gives an Account of a Meſſuage and Garden, which was convey'd by one Ralph Hebborne, of Hebborne, of Northumberland, Eſq to the Fraternity of the Mariners. It is the Place where is now the Trinity Houſe, which was in old Time called Dalton's Place.

IN the ſame Writing it is order'd, that the aforeſaid Meſſuage, &c. ſhall be repair'd for Ever by the common Purſe of the Brotherhood; that in ſome convenient Part of it ſhould be an Hall for the Fellowſhip to meet in, at all [144] Times convenient, for the obſerving of their Rules, &c. and that in the Reſidue of the ſame, there ſhould be certain Lodgings order'd for ſuch of the ſaid Fellowſhip, as afterwards ſhould fall into Poverty, or be not able to ſuſtain themſelves: Thoſe they held during the Term of their Lives, and then were ſucceeded by others in the like neceſſitous Circumſtances. It was alſo ordered in this Writing, that within the ſaid Meſſuage, there ſhould be a Chappel and a Prieſt, to ſing and ſay Maſs, and other Divine Service therein, as ſhould be appointed by the Aldermen, and Wardens of the ſaid Fraternity, for the Time being. That the Prieſt and the ſaid poor Perſons ſo admitted, ſhould pray for the good Eſtate of the ſaid Ralph Hebborne, Maſter John Hebborne, George Hebborne, and for the Maſters Souls, and for the good Eſtate of the ſaid Fellowſhip, and for the Souls of ſuch of the ſame Fellowſhip as be departed, or hereafter ſhould depart to the Mercy of God; and alſo for the Souls of John Dalton, ſometime Owner of the ſaid Meſſuage, his Anceſtors Souls, and all Chriſtian Souls.

ONE Part of this Writing was to be put in a Cheſt, belonging to the Fellowſhip, and kept by them; the other was to be kept in a Cheſt for that purpoſe, in the Veſtry of All-Hallows in this Town, in the Cuſtody of the Church-Wardens, for the Time being, for Ever.

THIS was further confirm'd to the Fraternity of the Trinity Houſe, by Thomas Hebborne, Son of the ſaid Ralph Hebborne, on the 9th of September, in the 16th of the Reign of King Henry the 8th, upon the Conditions following, viz. That the Fellowſhip ſhould pay to the ſaid Thomas Hebborne, his Heirs or Aſſigns, within the Town of Newcaſtle, on the Vigil of the Apoſtles, Peter and Paul, in the Month of June, a Pottle of Wine, if it be demanded yearly, for Evermore. That the ſaid Thomas Hebborne ſhould be made a Brother of the Fraternity, and Partaker of all Maſſes, good Prayers and Suffrage, which ſhould afterwards be celebrated, ſaid and done by the Chaplain and Prieſt of the Fraternity, within the Trinity Houſe, and at the Trinity Altar within the Church of All-Hallows, for Evermore; with ſuch Obſequies and Funeral Ceremonies, as uſually were done at the Burial of any Brother of the ſame Fraternity, if the ſaid Thomas departs within this Town of Newcaſtle. The Prieſt of the Trinity Houſe at this Time, was one Sir Robert Elliſon.

TO this Writing was annex'd the Seal of the Town of Newcaſtle, and the Names of the Mayor, Sheriff, and Aldermen.

On Oct. the 5th, 28 Hen. 8. Light-houſes were permitted to be built by the Trinity-houſe, to found, edify, make and build two Towers; that is to ſay, one on the North Part of Shields, in the Entrance of the Harbour, and another upon the Hill.KING James the 1ſt, in the third Year of his Reign, granted to the Maſter, Pylots, and Seamen of Newcaſtle, a Charter.

SEVENTEENTH of October 1664, King Charles the 2d, granted them another Charter.

AND a Third was granted them 26th of July 1687, by King James the 2d.

IN a Manuſcript I have frequently mentioned, it is ſaid that the Trinity Houſe in the Broad Chare, was held by the Maſters and Mariners of this Town of the Anderſons, by giving them a red Roſe at Chriſtmas, which Bartram Anderſon turned to Wine, and then ſold it to Sir Ralph Jeniſon, and it adds, how they agree I know not. It is at preſent a very pretty Building, conſiſting of a handſome Square, very Monaſtick in it's Aſpect, having it's Appartments or Lodgings for the Inhabitants, a very neat Chappel, and a magnificent Hall. It maintains 14 Perſons, allowing every one a Chamber, eight Shillings per Month, Coals and Cloathing. There are alſo 15 extra Perſons, which have allowed them, ſome more, ſome leſs.

LEAVING this Houſe of the Marriners, we go down the Broad Chare, without any Thing remarkable, 'till you come to the Key-ſide; about the Middle of it is a Square, which goes by the Name of Stony-hill, nigh it a Lane, called Spicer-lane, which alſo leads on to the Key.

CHAP. XII. Of the Suburbs, and other out Places.

[145]

Sect. I. Of the FORTH.

WITHOUT the Cloſe-Gate is a pretty long Street, with Houſes on each Side; which goes as far as a Dike called Skinner-Bourne, where are of late Years a Factory belonging to Mr. Thomlinſon, a Pot-Houſe to Mr. Joſeph Blenkinſop and Ralph Harl, and a Glaſs-Houſe to Mr. Dagney, and Company; from thence Northward at the Top of the Hill is the Place called the Forth, anciently called the Frith, which lies without the Walls of the Town, and abutts on the South on a certain little Cloſe called Gooſe-green-Cloſe, then it extends itſelf to a Cloſe called Dove-cote-Cloſe, and from thence Weſtward by the furtheſt Ditch of the Cloſe, which lies contiguous to the Corner of the Hedge, which is next to the Common Way which leads into the Forth. Then by and over the Common Way to the little Rivulet or Syke of Water in the Bottom of the Valley, and ſo paſſing the Syke, you go upwards to the Cloſe called Gooſe-green-Cloſe. The Forth contains 11 Acres of Ground. It was ſurveyed by Order of the Parliament, in the Year 1649, and valued at 12 l. per Annum.

IT was valued Tythe-free. The Town pay'd 4 l. per Annum to the King for it.

HOW it comes to be called Forth or Frith, I can only conjecture. The Word Blount Law Dictionary in verb. Frith. Forth or Frith, as it is anciently called, comes from the Saxon Word Frith, which ſignifies Peace. For the Engliſh Saxons held ſeveral Woods to be ſacred, and made them Sanctuaries. From this Definition of the Word, it may be no improbable Conjecture that the ancient Saxons inhabiting about the Parts of the Wall where the Town now is, gave the Name of Frith to [146] this Place, as it was perhaps endowed with gloomier Shades and darker Receſſes, the awful Excitors of Heathen Superſtition, than other Places about the Town were.

IN the Reign of King Henry III. a Licence was granted to the Townſmen of Newcaſtle, bearing Date Dec. 23d of his Reign to dig Coals and Stones, &c. in this Place called the Forth. And here it was as ſome think, or rather as others, in the Caſtle Leaſes that the firſt Newcaſtle Coals were wrought.

IT ſeems to have been all along a Place of Pleaſure and Recreation. For it was an ancient Cuſtom for the Mayor, Aldermen, and Sheriff of this Town, accompanied with great Numbers of the Burgeſſes, to go every Year at the Feaſts of Eaſter and Whitſuntide to the Forth, with the Maces, Sword and Cap of Maintenance carried before them. Undoubtedly the vaſt Concourſe of both young and old at this Place at theſe Seaſons of the Year, rather than at any other about this Town, is the remains of this ancient Cuſtom.

AFTER the building of the Caſtle it is ſaid (but without any juſt Authority) that the Forth was anciently a Fort belonging to the Caſtle.

IN the Year [...] , Part of it was turned into a pretty large Bowling-Green; which was adorn'd with a broad Gravel Walk and a double Row of Trees around it. It is at preſent a mighty pretty Place, exceeding by much any Common Place of Pleaſure about the Town. On the Eaſt-ſide of it, you have a Proſpect of Part of the Town's Wall, through which is the Common Paſſage to and from this Place under a ſhady Walk of Trees; on the Weſt you View the Grounds of the Village of Elſwick, which have a gentle aſcent to the Village itſelf; a Place at the proper Seaſon of the Year much frequented by the Town's People, for its pleaſing Walk and rural Entertainment.

FROM this Quarter we view alſo as we do from the South, the Banks of the River Tyne, together with their Villages. On the North is an Houſe of Accommodation.

GREY ſays that it was given to the Townſmen for their Services, by Edward III. Whereas it ſeems to have been theirs in the Reign of Hen. III. However if the other Conjecture be true, I verily believe it was given to the Town for that memorable Victory obtain'd by the Townſmen, when the Earl of Murray was taken Priſoner, which is commemorated in Anno Chriſti, 1342.

Sect. II. Of WARDEN-CLOSE.

FROM hence we proceed to the Weſt-gate, which gives Name to a little Village within the Bounds of the County of Northumberland, from whence ſtill going on by the Out-ſide of the Town's Wall, we come to the Warden's-cloſe. It ſeems to be called the Warden's-cloſe, becauſe it belong'd to the Wardens of the Priory of Tinmouth. For Grey tells us he had his Houſe, Garden, and Fiſh-Pond, &c. here. This indeed is not improbable, for the Monaſtery of the Black-Fryers was dependant upon the Priory of Tinmouth: And we are ſure that this Cloſe was Part of the Garden belonging to the Black-Fryers in former Times. And there are ſtill the ſeeming Remains of Fiſh-Ponds, Gardens, &c.

[147]AT the Top of this Field towards the North, is a Field call'd the Shoulder of Mutton Cloſe, becauſe it is in the Shape of a Shoulder of Mutton, which muſt formerly have been Part of the Warden's-cloſe. In this is a Ciſtern of Water, which a curious Friend of mine imagines, ſupplyed the Black-Fryers. This perhaps may be true enough. The Well belonging to this Monaſtry may proceed from it. But I take its grand Uſe to have been to ſupply with Water the Fiſh-Ponds and Gardens juſt now mentioned.

Sect. III. Of NEWGATE Suburbs.

THE Suburbs out of Newgate Grey informs us, were ruined in the late Civil Wars. However the Street Gallowgate, (ſo called becauſe of the Way that the Malefactors of the Town of Newcaſtle go to the Gallows, which is ſituated in a very low Place called the Gallows-hole) Is become again a very tollerable Street, and a very pleaſant Place, having in it ſome good Houſes, which are ſituated in Gardens and Fields. At the Top of this Street is a Lane which leads to the Weſt-gate, Quarry-houſe, &c. it borders upon a Field called the Shoulder of Mutton Cloſe.

Sect. IV. Of the CASTLE LEASES, TOWN MOOR, &c.

OPPOSITE to this Lane is the Caſtle Leaſes, called anciently the Caſtle Field, a large Piece of Ground belonging to the Town, containing 141 Acres 12 Perches: Grey informs us, that Tradition ſaid it was the Gift of King John to the good Men of Newcaſtle. However this be, it iſ certain that it had been the Town's immemorially or Time out of Mind, in the Reign of King Edward III. For in the 31ſt of that Reign the Town of Newcaſtle took an Inquiſition in the Caſtle Field on a Palm Sunday Eve, the 31ſt Year of King Edward III. deſiring the Confirmation of the Caſtle Moor and Field, and the Privileges belonging to them: And the King by his Letters Patents dated at Weſtminſter, confirmed to the Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle the other Charters they had obtain'd, and alſo confirmed to them the Poſſeſſion of the Caſtle Moor, Conceſſimus pro nobis & heredibus noſtris quod predicti Burgenſes & eorum heredes habeant & teneant moram & terras predictas Lib. Cart. p. 11. and Caſtle Field; they having belong'd to this Town immemorially at this Time: He alſo, as appears by the ſaid Charters, confirmed to the Burgeſſes of this Town, and their Heirs, the Liberty of digging Coals, Stone, and all other Advantages ariſing from the ſaid Caſtle Moor.

THIS Place was formerly the Inheritance of divers Perſons, Owners thereof, who were accuſtomed from ancient Time, to take the fore Crop thereof yearly, at or before Lammas-Day, and after that, by an ancient Cuſtom, all the Burgeſſes of this Town uſed to put in their Kine, and uſed the ſame in paſturing of them 'till Lady-day in Lent yearly, and then to lay the ſame for Meadow again 'till Lammas.

[148]IN the Year 1679, when George Morton was Mayor, the Town purchaſed the Sweepage of the Caſtle Leaſes for the Benefit of the Burgeſſes.

IN the 33d of Charles II. a Licence was granted the Mayor and Burgeſſes to purchaſe the Sweepage of the Caſtle Leaſes.

THE Grounds of it abut on the ſaid Caſtle Moor on the Eaſt and North Parts, upon the Highway leading to Kenton on the Weſt, and on the other Way leading to the ſaid Caſtle Moor on the South.

WHEN the Parliament took an Inquiſition of it, the Forth and Town Moor in the Year 49, were valued at 27 l. per Annum.

THE Mill in the Caſtle Leaſes, commonly called Chimley Mill, upon the Syke or Rivulet called Bailiff-Burn, and the other Mill called Little Mill, were at the ſame Time valued at 10 l. per Annum each.

THIS Ground was always valued Tythe-free.

ON the Weſt and North of the Caſtle Leaſes lies the Town-Moor. It is a very ſpacious Piece of Ground, containing 1037 Acres, one Rood, two Perches. It was originally a Wood, very famous for Oak Trees, out of which have been built many hundred of Ships, and all the Houſes of the old Town of Newcaſtle.

THIS Moor, together with the Caſtle Leaſes, or Caſtle Lizards, called anciently the Caſtle Moor, and Caſtle Field, were the Right of the Town of Newcaſtle, and had been ſo Time out of Mind, as has been juſt now obſerved in the Reign of King Edward III. who in his Charter of the Town, dated the Tenth of May, in the 31ſt Year of his Reign, confirmed the Holding and Poſſeſſing of it, and the Working of Coals, Stones, &c. in it; together with all the Profits ariſing from it (in the ſame Manner he had confirmed all the Immunities and Privileges, which had been granted by the Kings, his Predeceſſors.) to the Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle.

THE ancient Bounds of the Town-Moor, which are the ſame to this Day, and anſwer ſtill in every Particular, are thus deſcribed in the Charter above-mentioned.

ET quia ex parte Dilectorum Nobis Burgenſium ejuſdem Villae Nobis eſt Supplicatum, ut cum Mora & Terra Vocatae Caſtle-Field & Caſtle-Moor, ex parte Boreali Dictae Villae Novicaſtri de quadam Placea Vocata Ingleſdick Verſus Orientem Per Metas Poſitas Uſque ad Quandam Placeam Vocatam Le Thornbusk Juxta Crucem [& Deinde per Certas [Diviſas & Metas Poſitas Verſus Dictam Villam Novicaſtri Uſque] Furcas] & ſit inter Poſtos Furcarum; Ita quod Una Poſtis Fiat in Marchia Inter Terram Prioris de Tynemouth & Terram Dictae Villae Novicaſtri & ſit Uſque Le Quarldike & Deinde per Viam Uſque ad candem Villam Novicaſtri, ſunt terra & ſolum Dictae Villae Novicaſtri Pertinentia ad eandem Villam a tempore quo non extat Memoria.

THE Subſtance of which is, it Bounders on a certain Street or Cauſeway, called Gingler-Dyke, and Bounders to a Street or Cauſe-way called Thornbusk, beſides the Croſs; and from thence to the Bounders ſet towards the Town of Newcaſtle, unto a Gallows ſet between the Trees or Poſts of the Gall-houſe; ſo that one Poſt is placed and ſet in the Marches, between the Fields and Lands of the Prior of Tinmouth, and the Fields and Grounds of Newcaſtle; and ſo extendeth unto the Quarrel-Dyke, and from thence unto the King's-Street, and ſo on unto the ſaid Village.

IT is the Opinion of Grey ſome, that this large Piece of Ground was the Gift of Adam de Athol, of Geſmond, to the Town: But if the Town of Newcaſtle [149] had an Immemorial Right to the Town-Moor, in the Days of Edward III. and this is proved from his Charter above-mentioned; then it is very improbable that Adamarus de Athol, of Geſmunde, ſhould be the Donor of it. For this De reb. Novicaſt. p. 9. Adam was High Sheriff of the County of Northumberland, in the Fifth of Richard II. and was living in the Year of our Lord 1392, as appears by an Indulgence of 40 Days granted to the Church of St. Andrew's, which was in the Proceedings upon a Diſpute, about 30 Years after, relating to the Town-Moor. It is declared, that the Town-Moor had belonged to the Town of Newcaſtle immemorially, or Time out of Mind: But how can it be ſaid to be in the Poſſeſſion of the Town for ſo long a Time, when he himſelf, who gave it, lived thirty Years after this Declaration? And if he did ſo; no doubt but ſeveral others liv'd ſo long too. Either then the Town was not at the Time of this Diſpute immemorially in the Poſſeſſion of this Ground, or this Adamarus de Athol, was not the Donor of it. Again, had he been the Donor of it, he muſt have been 120 Years old at his Death; that is to ſay, he liv'd thirty Years after this Diſpute, and Ninety before to make it immemorial; (which is the leaſt Time that can be allow'd to make any Thing ſo) ſo that theſe two put together will make that Number of Years at his Death. It is not indeed in this Age of the World impoſſible for a Man to live ſo long, but yet it is highly improbable. There are few come to this Age, and when they do, they are look'd upon as ſo many great Exceptions to the general Rule of the Ages of Men; and then their Ages ſtand upon Record to ſuccceeding Generations; and no doubt, had this been true of Adam de Athol, it wou'd at leaſt have been mention'd upon his Tomb-Stone, but we find no ſuch Thing. Nay, ſhould we allow, for the Sake of making him the Donor, that he really lived 120 Years; yet after all, this grand Abſurdity would follow, that if the Town, when this Diſpute happen'd, had had it immemorially; he muſt have made a Preſent of it on the very Day he was born.

FOR theſe Reaſons therefore it's impoſſible he ſhould be the Donor of it, but ſome of his Anceſtors of the ſame Name might: And this is the rather to be imagin'd, becauſe Tradition ſays, it was Adam de Athol, of Jeſumund, handing down the Name to this Day. As then he was of the ſame Name, and undoubtedly a great Benefactor to this Town, ſo the good Deeds of ſome of his Anceſtors might have been aſcribed to him through Miſtake, and ſo be handed down to this preſent Day. There was one Adam de Jeſumuthia, or Geſmund, who order'd that one Good-Plank, or Six-Shillings, ſhould be given annually (as may be ſeen in the Account of the Tyne-Bridge) for the Reparation of the Bridge. Perhaps it was him, for the Bridge was burnt in the Reign of Henry III. in the Year 1248, and immediately they ſet about the Repair of it, and this Adam was one of the Benefactors to it. If then Tradition ſays true, that Adam de Jeſmund was the Donor of the Town-Moor to the Town, this is probably the very Man, and whether he gave it before the Burning of the Bridge, or at the Time of his Benefaction to the Bridge; yet in the Thirty firſt of Edward III. it would undoubtedly have been the Town's immemorially, which is a good preſumptive Proof of this Conjuncture, that this was the very Man. Be this as it will, it is certain that it had been the Town of Newcaſtle's Time out of Mind in the Thirty firſt Year of Edward III. and was then confirm'd to them, as has been obſerved above; in our Account of the Caſtle Leaſes.

TWO Fairs are kept upon this Moor, on the Firſt of Auguſt, and Eighteenth of October, of which the Tolls, Booths, Stallage, Pickage, and Courts of Pic-powder, to each of the Fairs, were reckoned worth communibus Annis 12 l. in Oliver's Time.

IN the Survey made of the Town-Moor, in the troubleſome Times, it was reported that the Coal Mine, or Colliery, in the Town-Moor, extended it ſelf under the Superficies of the Town-Moor one hundred Acres, and that the Value of it was to the Town 35 l. per Annum.

[150]IT is the Paſture for the Cows belonging to the Freemen of Newcaſtle.

IT is much frequented by the Gentry of this Town, and others for Exerciſe and Health; it being (that Part of it eſpecially call'd the Cow-hill,) a Place of the moſt wholeſome Air about the Town.

Of the NUN-MOOR.

THE Nun-Moor is that large Piece of Ground that lies on the Weſt of the Town-Moor, between the Thorn-Buſh and the Hedge that ſeparates from it the Grounds of Kenton.

RICHARD I. confirm'd to St. Mary's and the Nuns of Newcaſtle, whatſoever had been given them by Aſalack, the Founder of that Hoſpital; (as is obſervable in his Charter of the Founding of St. Mary's) whatever belonged to him, as well in Land as in Money, or Houſes; whatever he had acquired and obtained, both within and without the Town of Newcaſtle, all theſe he confirmed; and he himſelf alſo gave them two Carucates of Land of his own, that they might pray for his Soul. This is ſuppoſed to be the Charter for the Confirmation of Nun-field, or as it ſeems to have been otherwiſe called Nun-houſe, in the Town-Moor. And if this Conjecture be true, it is clear that this Aſalack gave the Nun-Moor to the Nuns of St. Bartholomew, and not as is commonly reported Adam de Athol. Theſe Nuns were the Occaſion of it's being intituled Nun-field, or Nun-houſe, or the Nun-Moor, as it is called at this Day.

IN the Fourth of the Reign of Henry VII. Dame Joan, Prioreſs of the Monaſtry of St. Bartholomew the Apoſtle, in Newcaſtle upon Tyne, and Convent of the ſame, granted a Leaſe of the Nun-Moor for an hundred Years to the Mayor, Sheriff, Aldermen, and Commonality of this Town, under the yearly Rent of one Pound three Shillings and four Pence. Hence it is plain that this Moor belonged to thoſe Nuns, and took it's Name from them.

IN the Eleventh of Henry VIII. there was an award between the ſaid Priory and Convent, and William Bennet, Eſq Owner of Kenton, about the Bounders of it.

IN the Thirty ſixth of the ſame Reign, it was granted to John Broxholm, in Conſideration of 1122 l. 15 s. 6 d. and was conveyed by thoſe claiming under him to the Mayor and Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle upon Tyne.

THIRTY Seventh Hen. VIII. upon an Inquiſition then taken and returned into the Exchequer of Lands, belonging to Religious Houſes, Nun-moor is certified to be within the County of Northumberland.

THE other Parts of the Suburbs out of Newgate is a Street that reaches as far as the Barras-bridge, called Sidgate, which conſiſts of Houſes very indifferent, moſt of which are inhabited by poor People; but very ſweetly ſituated, having the Leaſes or Gardens behind them.

Sect. V. Of the Suburbs of PILGRIM-STREET.

[151]

WE come now to the Suburbs of Pilgrim-ſtreet gate; which were alſo ruinated in the late Civil Wars. But at preſent it is a very well built Street, having in it ſome very pretty Houſes, ſuch as are the Houſes of Mr. John Stephenſon, Merchant, Mr.John Morris, Hoaſtman, and ſeveral belonging to Mr. William Graham, &c.

THIS Street is the moſt Pleaſant Situation of any within or without the Town.

IT ſtands as it were in the middle of Gardens and Shady Fields, which make it a delicious Place in the Summer Seaſon.

IN the upper Part of it, nigh the Barras-bridge, are to be ſeen the Remains of the Hoſpital dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen, which was vulgarly called, the Maidlein's. It was ſeated at the Summit of an Hill, beneath which is the Well called St. Mary Magdalen's Well, ſo named from the Hoſpital, as are alſo ſeveral Fields which to this Day are called the Maidlin Meadows.

IT was founded by King Henry I. for a Maſter, Brethren and Siſters to receive Leprous Folks, and ſince that Sickneſs abated, for the poor of the Town in Time of Peſtilence. Fourteen within the Houſe were allowed every one a Room, 8 s. per Month, Coals, and Fifteen without, ſome 8 s. per Month, ſome 5 s. ſome 2 s. 6 d.

ONE Johannes de bland obiit die menſis proximo ante feſtum Sancti Michaelis archangeli, hora nona illius diei, anno Domini milleſimo Tricenteſimo ſeptuageſimo quarto. Cujus corpus humatum eſt juxta ſummum altere ex parte Boreali cancellarii, in Capella Beatae Mariae Magdalenae. Lib. Cart. John Bland was the Maſter of this Hoſpital in the Reign of Edward III. he was a Man of a fair Character, and good Reputation. It is recorded of him, that he died the Day before the Feaſt of St. Michael the Archangel, or on the 28th of September, in the ninth Hour of that Day, in the Year of our Lord 1374. His Body was buried nigh the High-Altar, on the North ſide of the Chancel, in St. Mary Magdalen's Chapel.

HE was a great Benefactor to this Hoſpital, as appears from his Charity and Generoſity in the firſt Year of his Maſterſhip. For whereas Laurentius Acton had the ſaid Hoſpital in perpetuum, for himſelf, his Heirs and Aſſigns, this worthy Man paid for his own Right 40 Marks to the ſaid Laurentius, and the ſaid Laurentius had the firſt Fruits belonging to the ſaid Hoſpital, which yearly amounted to the Sum of 200 Marks.

ONE Richard Sperman had an annual Penſion from the ſaid Hoſpital of 8 Marks, which Penſion the abovementioned Gentleman in the 2d Year of his Maſterſhip bought out for the ſaid Hoſpital.

HE alſo the ſame Year freed the ſaid Hoſpital from an annual Penſion, which was payable to Hugo de Mitford.

THE ſame Maſter of this Hoſpital, in this ſame Year following, built in the ſaid Hoſpital a Conſiſtory, a Stable, and a Bier, and made in the Quire two New Windows facing the South of the ſaid Chapel, beſides a Number of other good and generous Charities which he beſtowed upon this Hoſpital.

[152]THE ſame Gentleman proves judicially in the King's Court, that the Mayor and Commonalty of Newcaſtle upon Tine, did aſſign, preſent, and induct the Maſter of the ſaid Hoſpital. He was Maſter of the ſaid Hoſpital about five Years.

IN the Reign of our Lord 1564, in the 6th of Queen Elizabeth, one Edmund Wiſeman, Servant to the right Honourable Sir Nicholas Bacon, Knight, and Keeper of the Great Seal of England, obtained by the Procurement of one Cuthbert Bewick, a Burgeſs and Merchant of this Town of Newcaſtle, a Preſentation from the Queen, of the Hoſpital of St. Mary Magdalen, lying without the Wall of Newcaſtle; of which Hoſpital the Mayor and Burgeſſes of this Town were the true and very Patrons, and had till then preſented Time out of The Weſt-Spittle, the Hoſpital called the Magdalens, and the Chapel of St. Thomas the Martyr, have been given by the Mayor and Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle, Time out of Mind. Mind. By Virtue of this Preſentation from the Queen, James Biſhop of Durham would have inducted the ſaid Wiſeman (in the Year aforeſaid, betwixt Lammas and Martinmas) into the Poſſeſſion of the ſaid Hoſpital; but the Mayor and Aldermen of the Town having Reſpect to the Defence of their Patronage, would in no wiſe permit the ſaid Biſhop to give Induction therein: For the Hoſpital of St. Mary Magdalen was a Donative, and not a Benefice inductible by any Biſhop.

IN the Year 1569, 15th February, the Mayor and Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle granted the next Preſentation of St. Mary Magdalen, commonly called the Maid [...]enes, to Henry Anderſon, Robert Mitford, and Chriſtopher Mitford.

IN the Account of Ficket-Tower, there is Mention made of a Great Croſs, ſtanding within Maudlin-Barras; and in the Milbank Manuſcript it is ſaid, At the End of the Barras-Bridge before the Chapel ſtood a ſtately Croſs firm and compleat, and This Pigg was a Rebel, a very great Enthuſiaſt, a Monument of his whimſical Head is that Stone-Pillar, a little North of the three Mile Bridge, which every deſervedly to this Day, bears the Title of Pig's Folly. John Pigg in the Time of the Rebellion took it down, and called it Idolatry, and thought to make his own Uſe of it; but it was broke by ſome who hated it ſhould be prophaned. This Hoſpital at the Suppreſſion was valued at 9 l. 11 s. 4 d.

LEAVING St. Mary Magdalens, we go forward to the End of this Street, which together with the End of the Street leading from Newgate, meets at the Barras-Bridge.

HOW it comes by the Name of Barras-Bridge, Grey gives us no Account. Others have imagined it to be ſo called, from a Perſon of that Name, who was its Builder or Benefactor. This Conjecture in my Opinion is a grand Miſtake; for we have juſt now mentioned the Maudlin-Barras, and therefore the Word Barras muſt imply ſomething elſe. The Manuſcript above mentioned ſpeaking of the Antiquity of St. Andrew's Church, gives this as a Reaſon of its being the oldeſt in Town, becauſe it is next the Barras, which hath been the ancient Barracado of the Town. So then according to this Account, it got its Name from the Word Barracado. This alſo in my Opinion is a Miſtake. For the Word Barrows (for ſo it ſhould be ſpell'd) ſignifies the ſame as Tinnuli, Hillocks, and ſometimes Graves and Sepulchres: And when it is conſidered, that the Hoſpital of St. Mary Magdalen was founded for the Reception of Leprous Folks, it is eaſy to ſee, that the Maudlin-Borrows are the Tombs or Burial-Places of thoſe that died of the Leproſy in that Hoſpital; and ſince the Burial-place it ſelf was nigh to the Bridge, the Bridge got thence the Name of the Barrows-Bridge. The Barras mentioned in the Account of Ficket-Tower are the ſame Thing; nothing elſe but the Burial-place of the Franciſcan Friars.

THE Place of the Maudlin Barrows I take to be the ſick Man's Cloſe; for as after the abating of the Leproſy, this Hoſpital was obliged to take the Poor of the Town in during the Time of the Peſtilence; ſo I queſtion not, but thoſe that died were buried in the ancient Burial-place or Barrows of the Hoſpital. And ſince we are certain they were buried in the ſick Man's Cloſe, we may [153] be therefore almoſt certain, that the ſick Man's Cloſe was the Barrows of this Hoſpital.

THE Barrows-Mill belong'd to the black Friars; and in the Year 1558, paid a Rent to the Town of Newcaſtle of 2 s. per annum. Lib. Cart. p. 43.

THE Chapel on the other Side the Barrows-Bridge was dedicated to St. James the Apoſtle, and was anciently called St. See Andrew Tower. James's Kirk. I ſuppoſe it was a Chapel of Eaſe to St. Andrew, for Jeſmond and Sandiford, and other Out-parts of that Pariſh.

Sect. VI. Of the Suburbs of PANDON.

THE Suburbs out of Pandon-Gate are but very few Houſes; but there are Gardens all the Way up the Cauſeway; two of them are thoſe of Mr. John Simpſon and Mr. Charles Atkinſon. This Way was within theſe four Years the pleaſanteſt Entrance into the Town of Newcaſtle, having Gardens on each Side, beſet with Trees of ſo large a Size and Shade, that they covered the Street itſelf in ſeveral Places. Theſe were cut down for a little unpoſſeſt Money, and the greateſt Beauty of the Street loſt.

THERE are in this Street two or three Paſſages, leading to different Places, which it may not be amiſs to mention. After you are out of Pandon-gate, there is one on the left Hand leading to Pandon-Dean, a very Romantick Place, full of Hills and Vales, through which runs Pandon-Burn. It is a very entertaining Walk in the Summer to Magdalen-Well. A little above this is another very narrow Paſſage on the right Hand, bordering upon Mr. Harriſon's Garden, which leads to a Place called the Garth-Heads, which was a Place of Pleaſure and Recreation; but of late it was taken in, and made a common Garden of, by Richard Ridley, Eſq the Proprietor of it.

HAVING paſt this Lane, we proceed till we come to the Top of this great Aſcent (for ſuch indeed is this Street) and there we meet with two Ways; the one leads to the Shield-Field, the Property of Mr. Charles Clark of Newcaſtle, which has been already mentioned; and the other to Owſe-Burn, which is at preſent a large Village, occaſioned by the Coal-works of Richard Ridley and Matthew White, Eſqs &c.

IT takes its Name from the Burn that runs through it. The Banks of this Burn are in many Places terribly high, in all Places beautifully Romantick.

BEFORE we come to the Suburbs of Sandgate, we muſt not omit to mention the Keelmens Hoſpital; it is ſituated ſome Diſtance Eaſt of the Town's Wall, between the Carpenters Tower and Sandgate. It is a ſquare Building, done in the Form of Monaſteries and Colleges, having its low Walk round it, in Imitation of Cloyſters. The Area in the Middle of it, is about 83 Foot broad, and about 97½ Foot long. There are upwards of fifty Chambers in it. Who it was built by, may be learned from the Inſcription above the Entrance of it, which is as follows: The Keelmens Hoſpital, built at their own Charge, Anno Domini 1701, Matthew White, Eſq Governour, Mr. Edward Grey, Mr. Edward Carr, Stewards of the Hoaſtmens Company for the Time being, [154] and Truſtees for this Hoſpital. I have been told, that Dr. Moor, one of the late Biſhops of Ely, upon going down the River in the Town's Barge with the Magiſtrates, obſerved it, and made Enquiry after it. And being told, that it was built by the Keelmen themſelves (every one allowing towards it a Penny a Tide) he ſaid, that he had heard of, and ſeen many Hoſpitals, the Works of rich Men; but that was the firſt he ever ſaw or heard of, which had been built by the Poor. 'Tis a great Pity that the Deſign of its Building is not throughly anſwer'd; but there are ſome Miſcreants, who would rather ſtarve in Sickneſs or old Age, than not guzzle a Penny in their Health and Youth.

Sect. VI. Of the Suburbs of SANDGATE.

THE Suburbs of Sandgate (excepting ſome Houſes nigh the Walls of the Town) we are informed eſcap'd the Fury of the Civil Wars. This Street has it's Name from it's Situation, which is upon the Sand. For this whole Street as well as the Sandhill, and all the lower Parts of the Town in ancient Times was the Common Sand or Shore of the River.

THIS Street has in it a vaſt Number of narrow Lanes on each Side of it, which are crouded with Houſes. It is chiefly inhabited by People that work upon the Water, particularly the Keelmen. The Number of Souls in this Street and the Lanes belonging to it, is computed to ſeveral Thouſands.

ABOUT the middle of this Street is an open Place called the Squirrel, from a little Brook of that Name, which runs through it into the River Tyne, which was the ancient Bounds of the Town of Newcaſtle. From this, as far as the Houſe of Mr. Jeremiah Cook, Shipwright, is the Street of Sandgate, then we enter St. Ann's Street, (ſo called from the neighbouring Chapel) which leads us on to the Ropery, which is a long and pleaſant Walk, giving an agreeable Proſpect of the River, and a great Part of the Town and Neighbouring Places. What this Ropery was formerly, Grey gives us the beſt Account. Below Eaſt, ſays he, is the Ballaſt-Hill, where Women upon their Heads carried Ballaſt, which was taken forth of the ſmall Ships which came empty for Coals; which Place was the firſt Ballaſt Shore out of the Town; ſince which Time, the Trade increaſing, there are many Ballaſt Shores below the Water, on both Sides of the River; much the ſame Account is given of this, in the Manuſcript ſo frequently mentioned; the Hoaſtmen got Leave at firſt to lead Coals above the Bourn, and that occaſioned their Delivery of Ballaſt upon the Lime-Kiln Road, and the Women bore the Ballaſt upon their Heads, and made the Ballaſt-Hills; for the Town had procured all that Shore of the Lords of Byker for that Uſe, and to build Lime-Kilns upon.

ON the North of this Ropery ſtands the Chapel of St. Ann, which is a a Chapel of Eaſt to the Church of All-hallows, which tho' pretty large is yet much too little for the Pariſh, it being perhaps one of the largeſt Pariſhes in the whole Kingdom.

WHEN it was originally built I have met with nothing that gives any Account. after the Reformation it was neglected and came into Decay; but the Town in the Year 1682. repair'd it, and ſettled a Lecturer there, to preach in the Morning, and to expound the Catechiſm every Sunday Afternoon; which the Town allow'd 30 l. per Annum for; at the Opening of it, after it was repaired, the Rev. Mr. March, then Vicar of the Town, preached the firſt [155] Sermon, in it, which was Printed, and Intitled, Th' Encaenia of St. Ann's Chapel in Sandgate.

IT has at preſent two Lecturers, which are paid by the Town, the Rev. Mr. Clayton, and the Rev. Mr. Maddiſon; to the former the Town pays 40 l. per Annum, and to the latter 50 l.

BELOW this to the Glaſs-houſe-bridge are the Houſes of Ship-Wrights, and Maſter-Builders, ſuch as Mr. Thomas Wallas, Mr. Roger Durham, Mr. John Lattany, Mr. Cuthbert Preſton, &c.

THE Glaſs-houſe-bridge, ſo called becauſe of the Glaſs-houſes which are almoſt contiguous to it, was originally a Wood-Bridge, as the Bridge higher up the Bourn was, 'till within theſe 6 or 7 Years; but in the Year 1669, when Ralph Jeniſon, Eſq was Mayor, it was made of Stone by Thomas Wrangham, Ship-Wright, on Account of Lands which the Town let him; The Paſſage however over it was very difficult and uneven 'till the Year 1729, When Stephen Coulſon, Eſq was Mayor, it was made level and commodious both for Horſe and Foot.

ON the other Side of the Bridge are the Glaſs-houſes, which in Grey's Time ſerved moſt Part of the Kingdom with Window-Glaſs.

SOMETIME in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth came over to England from Lorrain, the Henzels, Tyzacks and Tytorys. The Reaſon of their coming hither was the Perſecution of the Proteſtants in their own Country, of whoſe Perſuaſion they were. They were by Occupation Glaſs-makers. At their firſt coming to this Town they wrought in their Trade at the Cloſe-gate, after that they removed into Staffordſhire, from whence they removed again and ſettled upon the River Side at the Place called from their abiding in it the Glaſs-houſes. Deſervedly therefore have ſo many of theſe Families been named Peregrines from the Latin Word Peregrinus which ſignifies a Pilgrim or a Stranger.

HAVING at laſt ſettled here they became very numerous, and generally married into each others Families to preſerve the three Names of Henzel, Tyzack and Tytory. But the latter of them within this Few Years became extinct. There are of the Tyzacks ſeveral remaining; but the Henzels are moſt numerous.

AS you go from the Glaſs-houſe, you come now to the Glaſs-houſes, a large Village, and paſs by the Weſtern Glaſs-houſe, then to the Crown-Glaſs-houſe, then to the middle Bottle-houſe, then to the middle Broad-houſe, then to the caſtern Glaſs-houſe. Nigh this laſt is the Houſe of the late Mr. Peregrine Henzel, the principal Perſon then remaining of his Family, and one of the Chief Owners of theſe Works.

FROM hence we paſs over the Grounds of St. Laurence, to a Place conſiſting of ſeveral Houſes, which from a Chapel here ſituated, dedicated to St. Laurence, is called St. Laurence's Glaſs-houſe, or Muſhroom-Glaſs-houſe; there is alſo here a Bottle Glaſs-houſe, now held under the Town by Mrs. Middleton, of which Richard Ridley, Eſq is an Owner.

ST. Laurence's Chapel, or Chantery as it is called, is ſaid to have been built by one of the Earls of Northumberland. No Doubt that Prayers might be put up for his Soul, and the Souls of his Family.

AT the Reformation it had Fate of many Chapels of the like Kind; to have its Revenues diſpoſed of, and itſelf left to fall into Ruins.

IT was dependant upon the Priory of St. John's of Jeruſalem. It was granted [156] to the Town in the 3d of Edward VI. among other Things, in Conſideration of 144 l. 13 s. 4 d.

Anno Dom' 1558, The Rents of St. Laurence, as follow.
 l.s.d.
ST. Laurente taken by Leaſe by John Laverock71000
THE Fiſhery of St. Laurence, taken by [...] Mitford11304
A Cloſe called St. Ann's Cloſe01200
A Cloſe called the Conny Cloſe11304

A Cottage in Kittingworth, in the Tenure of John of Killingworth, and certain Lands in Heaton belonging to St. Laurence. Lib. Cart. 44.

NIGH this Chapel of St. Laurence is one of the Waggon Ways, and Steaths of Richard Ridley, Eſq for his Colliery at Byker.

ONE of the Anderſons procured a Shore from the Chapel of St. Laurence, unto the Gate that runneth down the River, towards Lawſon's Land, which was filled by Womens Heads. Milbank.

Sect. VIII. Of the Town's BOUNDERS.

THE Town Bounders by Land from a ſmall Brook, or Courſe of Water, called the Swerle, in Time paſt in the County of Northumberland, and now in the Town of Newcaſtle, on the Weſt-ſide of the aforeſaid Town, along by the Shore of the Water of Tyne, unto the Fields of the Town of Elſwick, in the aforeſaid County of Northumberland, by and along the Fields of the Town of Elſwick, aforeſaid, unto the Fields of the Town of Fenham was heretofore a Village very pleaſant and beautiful on Account of it's much Wood; but now much more ſo becauſe of the very fine Houſe and Gardens of Thomas Ord Eſq This Village, or the Royalty of it, belonged to the Priory of St. John of Jeruſalem, for we meet with a Receipt from the Prior to the Town of Newcaſtle, for the Coal Mines of Fenham. Fenham, in the aforeſaid County of Northumberland, and ſo toward the North unto the Fields of the Town of Kenton in the aforeſaid County of Northumberland, and along by thoſe Fields unto the Town of The Eſtate of William Carr, Eſq Coxlodge, in the aforeſaid County of Northumberland, and ſo towards the Eaſt of the Fields of the Town of Jeſmund in the aforeſaid County, and by and along the ſame Fields of Jeſmund towards the South, unto a certain Bridge called Barras-bridge, in the aforeſaid County of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, and from the ſame Bridge in and through a certain Lane in the aforeſaid County of Northumberland and Newcaſtle, leading towards the Eaſt to another Bridge called Sandiver Bridge, in the aforeſaid County of Northumberland; and from the ſame Bridge towards the South, in and through a certain Field called Shield-Field, in the aforeſaid County of Northumberland and Newcaſtle, unto a certain Lane or Street in the ſame County, leading to the aforeſaid Water or River of Tyne.

THE additional Bounders are mention'd in the ſecond and third Years of King Edward VI.

THE Circumference of the Town's Bounders is 10 Miles and 50 Yards.

CHAP. XIII. Of the River TYNE.

[157]

IT remains now that we ſpeak of the River The Tyne ſeems to have been originally as to the Name of it, Vedra. For the River Vedra is the only River taken Notice of by Ptolomy in theſe Parts; and we all know that in theſe Parts the River Tyne is the moſt conſiderable. There is indeed a Tyne mentioned by Ptolomy, but that is ſituated between the Tay and Forth, in Scotland; but neither can that be it, it is too inconſiderable: Nor laſtly can it be the River Were, tho' there is a nigher Affinity in Sound between Vedra and Were, than between Vedra and Tyne. For the Vedra is mention'd by Ptolomy as the moſt conſiderable River, and 'tis confeſſed that the Tyne is more ſo than the Were, or if the Were has any Claim to the Name of Vedra it is only in Conjunction with the River Tyne. Perhaps, ſays Mr. Horſley, p. 103. Vedra has been the Name of the Tyne and Were. The Tract that now has between the two Rivers, and is bounded on each Side by them, is now called Werewickſhire. Tyne, which is indeed a River to be out-done by few in the whole Kingdom, whether you reſpect it's Haven, it's Commodities, it's Privileges, which have been frequently mentioned, the Proſpect of it's Fields, it's Woods and Villages, &c. As to the Haven, it is ſo deep as to carry Veſſels of a conſiderable Burthen, and of that Security, that they are not in Danger either of Storms or Shallows, ſave that within a little of the Bar of Tinmouth (which are called by the Sailors the Black-Middens, which are very dangerous;) but to prevent any Miſchiefs which may happen to Ships in the Night Time from them, there are two Light-houſes maintain'd by the Trinity-Houſe, in Newcaſtle, and near them in the Year 1672, was built a Fort, called Clifford's Fort, which effectually commands all the Veſſels that enter the River. Mag. Brit. Vol. 3. p. 607.

MR. Cambden obſerves that this Town of Newcaſtle, for it's Situation and plenty of Sea-Coal, ſo uſeful in itſelf, and to which ſo great a Part of England and the low Countries are indebted for their good Fires, is thus commended by Johnſon in his Poems on the Cities of Britain;

[158]

Novum Caſtrum

Rupe ſedens Celſâ, rerum aut miracula ſpectat
Naturae, aut ſolers diſtrahit illa aliis.
Sedibus Aethereis quid fruſtra quaeritis ignem?
Hunc alit, hunc terra ſuſcitat iſta ſinu.
Non illum torvo terras qui turbine terret;
Sed qui animam Terris, detque animos animis.
Eliquat hic ferrum, aes, hic aurum ductile fundit.
Quos non auri illex conciet umbra animas?
Quin (aiunt) auro permutat Bruta metalla;
Alchimus hunc igitur praedicat eſſe Deum.
Si Deus eſt, ceu tu dictas, Divine Magiſter,
Haec quot alit? Quot alit Scotia noſtra Deos,

Newcaſtle

From her high Rock great Nature's Works Surveys,
And kindly ſpreads her Goods through Lands and Seas.
Why ſeek ye Fire in ſome exalted Sphere?
Earth's Fruitful Boſom will ſupply you here.
Not ſuch whoſe horrid Flaſhes ſcare the Plain,
But gives enliv'ning Warmth to Earth and Men.
Ir'n, Braſs and Gold it's melting Force obey;
(Ah! who's e'er free from Gold's almighty Sway?)
Nay into Gold 'twill change a Baſer Ore,
Hence the vain Chymiſt deifies its Power:
If't be a God, as is believ'd by you,
This Place and Scotland more than Heaven can ſhew.

IT is obſervable in this Place when the Coal Trade is brisk, that all other Buſineſs is ſo too; and when it is otherwiſe, through the Contracts of the Coal Owners, or of the Maſters, that there is a certain Deadneſs in all Trafick. It is the Money ariſing from the Coal Trade, that almoſt entirely Circulates in this great Town and adjacent Country.

IT has been obſerved by Fleetwood Precioſum Chronicon 118. p. ſome, that Sea Coal has not been in Uſe above 150 Years, at leaſt not in London; and that when we meet with Coals in old Accounts, it is meant of Charcoal. I can ſcarce be of this Opinion, if it was but for what the ſaid Authority himſelf acknowledgeth, viz. that Carbo Marinus, or Sea Coal, is mentioned in Matthew Paris. And in the 1ſt of Edward III. there is mention made de Carbonibus marithnis, of Sea Coals and the Meaſure of them.

HOWEVER this be, nigh this Town of Newcaſtle Coals were work'd very early, in a Charter of King Hen. III. dated Dec. 1, 23d of that King's Reign, Licence was granted to the Town of Newcaſtle, to dig Coals in the Caſtle-Field and the Frith.

IN the Year 1421, the 9th of Hen. V. Two-pence per Chaldron being paid to the King for all Coals ſold at the Port of Newcaſtle, to People not enfranchiſed; it was enacted that the Keels ſhould be of the Burthen of 20 Chaldrons, and no more, according to Cuſtom; ſome being of the Burthen of 22, and ſome of 24 Chaldrons built, to defraud the King of his Cuſtoms, and that the Keels ſhould be ſealed by the King's Officers. De. reb. 39.

[159]QUEEN Elizabeth demanding of the Town the Arrear of 2 d. per Chaldron, which had been neglected for many Years; the Town begg'd her Majeſty that theſe Arrears might be forgiven, and to grant them a Gardner Queen Eliz, Charter. Charter to incorporate a new Fraternity or Brother-hood, to be called Free Hoaſtmen, for the ſelling and vending of all Coals to Shipping. And in Conſideration thereof they would pay to her Majeſty and her Succeſſors, 12 d. for every Chaldron exported from thenceforth to the free People of this Nation; this was taken into Conſideration and granted.

IN the Year 1644, in the Time of the Civil War, the City of London received a great Advantage by this Town's being taken; for almoſt two Years by-paſt, the poorer Sort of People had been almoſt ſtarved, Coals having riſen to the Price of 4 l. per Chaldron, a Price never known before that Time.

THIS Place is generally computed to vend upwards of 300,000 Chaldrons a-Year. There are likewiſe vaſt Exportations of Lead, Salt, Salmon, and Grindſtones, which laſt Commodity, as Grey ſays, and is ſtill true, are conveyed to moſt Parts of the World; according to the Proverb, A Scott, a Rat, and a Newcaſtle Grindſtone you may find all the World over.

IT is not in my Power to deſcribe the Number of Arts and curious Machineries that are uſed in this Affair of the Coal Buſineſs; the ſinking of Pits, Winning of Coals, Fire-Engines, Waggon-Ways, the Waggons, their managing of them, the Staiths, &c. deſerve a more skilful Pen. Thus much however I may venture to ſay, that thoſe Waggon-Ways, a ſmall Part of the whole Coal Works, may vie with ſome of the great Works of the Roman Empire.

The Right and Title of the Mayor and Burgeſſes of the Town and County of the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, to the Soil, and alſo to the Conſervation of the River of Tyne.

1ſt, By Preſcription.

THE ſaid Mayor and Burgeſſes have time out of Mind enjoyed the Soil of the ſaid River or Tyne: And all Shores or Keys built upon the ſaid River, are by Virtue of Leaſes from the ſaid Mayor and Burgeſſes.

AND they the ſaid Mayor and Burgeſſes have alſo time out of Mind enjoyed the Conſervation of the ſaid River of Tyne.

AND for Conſervation and Preſervation thereof, there has alſo time out of Mind been holden before the Mayor and Aldermen of the ſaid Town every Monday a Court, in which Court Enquiry is made after the due Conſervation and Preſervation of the ſaid River of Tyne, by a Jury ſworn to preſent all Nuſances done therein, who make Preſentments thereof in Writing; whereupon the Offenders are ſummoned, and if Guilty are puniſhed by Fine or Impriſonment.

BUT formerly there has been another Cuſtom for puniſhing ſuch Offenders as appears by the following Teſtimonial.

[160]
A Teſtimonial of John Philips's and William Goodwin's cutting each a Purſe in the Town's Chamber, for caſting Ballaſt in the River of Tyne.

Villa Novicaſtri ſuper Tynam.WHEREAS Information upon Oath was given, that John Philips Maſter of the Mary of Hull, and William Goodwin, Maſter of the Elizabeth of Wiſebidge, did the 5th of this Inſtant caſt Ballaſt within the 14 Fathom deep, between Sowter and Hartley, to the Damage of the River. They the ſaid Perſons being called before us, the Mayor, Aldermen and Chamberlains, with the Maſter of the Trinity-houſe, who was then preſent in the Town Chamber, and did there acknowledge and confeſs the ſaid offence, and did lay down 5 l. a Piece, which was put into two Purſes, which they cut, according to the ancient Cuſtom of this Corporation in ſuch Caſes.

  • Henry Dawſon, Mayor.
  • Leonard Carr
  • Robert Shafto
  • Thomas Ledgard
  • Thomas Bonner
  • William Dawſon
  • George Dawſon
  • Ralph Fell, Maſter of the Trinity-houſe.
  • Phineas Allin Chamberlains.
  • Thomas Welſh
  • Thomas Young
  • Chriſtopher Elliſon
  • Thomas Goftyn

THIS ancient Cuſtom of cutting a Purſe, &c. was confirmed Anno 1616, by an Order of the King and Council.

THEY the ſaid Mayor and Burgeſſes have alſo Time out of Mind had a Water Bailiff, who is a ſworn Officer, and other Officers whoſe offices are to ſearch out offences done in and upon the ſaid River of Tyne, and to execute the Orders of the ſaid Court.

AND they the ſaid Mayor and Burgeſſes have alſo always cleanſed the Port from Rubbiſh, Ballaſt, and Sand, either brought in by Storms or otherwiſe, into the ſaid River of Tyne.

THE Trinity-houſe of this Town (which is a Fraternity of Mariners, Free of the ſaid Town) are alſo frequently employed in diſcovering Offences done to the ſaid River of Tyne; and where there are dangerous Places in the ſaid River, Buoys and Lights are ſet, and Perſons employed and paid by the ſaid Trinity-Houſe, for looking to, and taking Care of them.

2dly, By Acts of Parliament.

IN an Act of Parliament made in the 21ſt Hen. VIII. Chap. 18. there is an Expreſs Clauſe, which gives the Mayor and Burgeſſes Authority to pull down all Wears, Gores, and Engines, in the River of Tyne, between Sparrow-Hawk, and Hedwin-Streams, and in the Preamble of the ſaid Act, it is declared, that the Soil of the River of Tyne, &c. has been Time out of Mind, enjoyed by the Town of Newcaſtle in their Demeſne as of Fee in Right of the Crown.

AND alſo in another Act of Parliament made the 2d of Edward VI. (not printed) It is declared, that for the Maintenance of the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, and for the Preſervation of the Port and ſaid River of Tyne, all the Sands, called Shores are ſettled on the Town.

[161]AND alſo by Letters Patents, 31 Eliz. which confirm to the Mayor and Burgeſſes of the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, their Cuſtoms which they had by Preſcription or otherwiſe. It is in particular granted to them, to have Juriſdiction of a great many Statutes mention'd in that Charter, and amongſt other Statutes, the Statute 34 Hen. VIII. chap. 9. which concerns the Conſervation and Preſervation of Rivers.

3dly, By Judgments, Records, Inquiſitions, Judgment in Quo Warranto, Verdicts at Law, Decrees in the Court of Exchequer; and

UPON one Decree there is a perpetual Injunction, which was afterwards confirmed in the Houſe of Lords on an Appeal.

JUDGMENT in Parliament 34 Ed. I. where the Prior of Tinmouth having Lands adjoyning to the ſaid River of Tyne at North-Shields, and having built a Shoar there, within the Flood Mark; it was adjudged that it ſhould be removed at the Coſt of the Prior. It may not be amiſs to give ſome Account of this Trial.

The Contents mentioned In a Plea, at Weſtminſter, in the 20th Year of Edward I. Between the King, and the Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle, and The Prior of Tinmouth

Quod Dominus Rex habere debeat totum Portum in aqua de Tyne a mari uſque ad locum qui dicitur Hedwin-ſtreams, &c.1ſt, The whole Port in the Water of Tyne; 2d, His Ovens at Newcaſtle; The King Dues. 3d, For every Quarter of Corn there baked; 4th, of Cuſtom; 5th, the King, looſeth at North-Shields for the Iſſues of Baking per Annum 10 l. and by the Foreſtalling of the Market there 20 l. The ſaid Prior alſo taketh the Wreck of the Sea, which ſpecially belongs to the King.

THE King could alſo take two Tunn of Wine to be choſen behind and before, and every Tunn of Wine for 20 s. of every Ship of Herrings 100 Herrings, &c. all which the ſaid Prior takes at Shields and elſe where, by which Means the King loſt his Priſes and Cuſtoms due to him; becauſe the ſame, Merchandizes came not intirely to his due Port of Newcaſtle.

THE Prior alſo built 4 Ovens at Tinmouth, which were rented at 5 l. 6 s. 8 d. per Ann. and kept a Market on the Lord's Day at Tinmouth. It was alſo objected to him, that the whole Country and the Mariners applied themſelves, and ſold their Goods and Merchandizes at Shields, to the King's great Detriment, he receiving no Toll nor other Profits for the ſame.

THE King ought to have the Towage of Ships and Boats, greater and ſmaller, in the River of Tyne, in going up to Newcaſtle, and down to the Sea, freely over any Lord's Land, &c. The King ought to have in his Port 4 d. for every Boat that has an Oar, and 1 d. for every leſſer one that has none.

In Anſwer,

THE Prior ſaid, the Premiſes did only touch his free Tenement, and he anſwered, that as for the Wreck of the Sea, the Foreſtalling of Merchandizes, &c. He and his Predeceſſors had them by Charter of King John, Grandfather of King Edward I. and ſo he proceeds to his new Town of Shields.

[162]HE ſaid alſo that he had no Market or Oven at Shields. But as to the Fiſhers and buying of Fiſh, he ſaith, that his Predeceſſors in their Times have always had their own Fiſhers fiſhing in the ſame Water, for the Maintenance of their Houſe, Toll free, &c. becauſe the Port of the Water of Tyne doth eſpecially and entirely belong to the King, and that they (meaning the Prior and Convent of Tinmouth) have had certain their Tenants of Shields with their Boats within their Demeſnes.

AND as for the Market at Tinmouth, he ſaid he claimed none there; but he had a Tumbrel, and had hired Fiſhers, Brewers and Bakers, and alſo Shambles there.

AS to the Charge of Towage he ſaid, that he never hindered thoſe that exerciſed any ſuch Office in the Water of Tyne adjacent to his Land, ſave only at Elſtwick or Aſtwick.

HE ſaid moreover, that before and at the Time of making King Richard's Charter, which was before any Liberties granted to Newcaſtle by King John, the Priors of this Houſe took and had all the Premiſes freely and quietly, &c. by virtue of Cuſtom of Liberties granted to them by their ſaid Charter by Land and Water, whereof he found his Church ſeized, &c.

WHEREUPON he demanded Judgment.

THOSE who proſecuted for the King ſaid, that the Charter was worth nothing. As to the Wreck of the Sea, they ſaid, no ſooner had the Ships applied themſelves out of the great Sea into the ſaid Port, and there had the Misfortune to break, then the ſaid Prior taketh the Goods of ſuch broken Ships, both ſwimming and therein abiding, and Converts them to his own Uſe; and that the then Prior was ſeized of ten Tuns of Wine, out of a certain Ship of Peter of Appleby Burgeſs of York, wrecked in the ſaid Water.

AND as to the charging or diſcharging of Ships and of Merchandizes, &c. they ſaid, that whereas the ſaid Port of Tyne is only the King's, as often as the Prior ſhould do ſo, the King was manifeſtly injured, being then, and always before in Seizin and Poſſeſſion of the ſaid Port.

AS to the Town of Shields, they ſaid, that whatſoever ſmall dwelling Houſes there had been there, &c. the ſaid Prior (that then was) cauſed there to be made 26 Houſes upon the King's Soil; becauſe they are comprehended within the flowing and Inundation of the Sea, and they demanded the Record of Juſtice, that the ſaid then Prior alledged that the King therein hath no ſoil, &c. but that it merely belong'd to him, even to the This is ſuppoſed to be the Low-Water Mark. Fill of the Water.

THEY alſo ſaid, that in thoſe Houſes at Shields, there were Fiſhers and Brewers, and Victuallers, &c. ſo rich that they were able to give Loading and Victuals for 100 or 200 Ships, which ought to apply themſelves at Newcaſtle upon Tyne, and there buy their Victuals for the bettering the ſaid Town. Whereupon they ſaid, that the ſaid Prior is the only Occupier of the King's Soil, and the only Taker away of the ſaid King's Town of Newcaſtle; and that he the ſaid Prior had 16 Fiſhers or more, with great Boats, fiſhing in the Sea yearly for Traffick's Sake only, and not for Maintenance of his Houſe; whereof the King received neither Toll nor Cuſtom.

THEY ſaid alſo, that the ſaid Prior and his Men come out with their Horſes and Carriages, and out of ſuch Ships as came thither got Neceſſaries for themſelves, ſo that moſt Times Ships and Boats return empty and half laden to other Ports than to Newcaſtle, aforeſaid, whereby the King cannot receive his due Priſes and Cuſtoms.

[163]AND after they ſaid that John of the Vale, I ſuppoſe, De le Val, being Judge Itinerant, 7 Edw. I. It was then reported by the Jury, that the Prior of Tinmouth built a Town upon the Bank of the Water of Tyne on one ſide, and the Prior of Durham levied or built another on the other Side, where no Towns ought to be, unleſs Lodges only for Fiſhermen; and that the Fiſhermen have there ſold their Fiſhes, which ought to have been ſold at Newcaſtle, to the great Hurt of the ſaid Town, and Loſs of the King's Priſes: And that both the ſaid Priors of Tinmouth and Durham, have cauſed to be made Brewers, and Fiſhers, having great Ships, whereas they ought to have but Boats, and have cauſed Bread to be baked there, which ought to have been baked at Newcaſtle.

IT is inhibited and forbidden the ſaid Prior of Tinmouth, that from thenceforth he ſhould not hold, or cauſe to be held a Market or Fair in the aforeſaid Places, and was determined that the Port within the Water of Tyne, from the Sea to Heddon Streams, is the free Port of the King and his Heirs with it's Priſes, Cuſtoms, Towages, Tonages, with all other Profits and Commodities incident and belonging to the ſame, &c. and that neither at Tinmouth nor at Shields Ships are to be laden or unladen.

IT was alſo ordered that 4 Ovens at Tinmouth ſhould pay Damages 5 Marks, and thoſe that took Tonnage and make Foreſtal, &c. and as to the Wrecks of the Sea, &c. that the King and his Heirs ſhould have them for ever hereafter; as to the Markets and Fairs, that there be not at Tinmouth or Shields any Market or Fair, and that neither at Tinmouth or Shields there be any Sale of Things ſaleable, as in Meats, Drinks, or any other Things whatſoever, whereby the King, his Heirs and Succeſſors may be made the Worſe.

IT was alſo ordered, that the Keys and other Things levied and raiſed by the ſaid Prior within the Flood Mark on the King's Soil, ſhould be removed at the Coſts of the ſaid Prior.

Cloſe Roll, 12 Ed. II. Membran. 26. It is recited that the King had given Power and Authority to John Earl of Hamſtead, to examine and remove Nuſances done to the River of Tyne, and was pleaſed to recal it, becauſe it was a Prejudice to what the Mayor of Newcaſtle claimed and enjoyed in the Time of his Predeceſſors.

BY an Inquiſition 4th Jan. 25 Hen. VI. the Jury upon their Oath found, that beyond the Memory of Man, the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, had, and held of our Sovereign Lord the King, and all his Predeceſſors, as Burgeſſes of the ſaid Town (when there was no Mayor), and as Mayor and Burgeſſes of the ſaid Town (when there was a Mayor), the ſaid Town and Water of Tyne, and the Soil of the ſaid Water of Tyne, wherever it was covered, from a Place called Sparrow Hawk in the Sea, unto a Place called Hedwin Streams; and that the ſame, with the Appurtenances were Parcel of the Liberties and free Cuſtoms of the ſaid Town, and were held under a Fee-Farm, ſaving the King's Rents, Priſes, and Aſſeſſments in the Port of the ſaid Town.

THEN they find and ſet forth Kng John's Charter, and Confirmation.

AND divers other Cuſtoms and Privileges belonging to the ſaid Town, are there mentioned, expeſſed and ſet forth.

IN a Quo Warranto, 5 Car. I. Michaelmas Term, in the King's Bench, the Preſcription for Conſervation of the River Tyne is allowed.

BY the Pleadings in a Decree in the Exchequer, Michaelmas Term, 5 Car. I. Mayor and Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, Plaintiffs, Robert Johnſon Defendant; and another 10 Car. I. Mayor and Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle upon Tyne [164] Plaintiffs, and [...] Hilton, Defendant, the Conſervancy of the ſaid River of Tyne is acknowledged to be in the ſaid Mayor and Burgeſſes, between Sparrow-Hawk and Hedwin Streams.

Michaelmas 12. Car. I. Decree in the Exchequer againſt one Anthony Errington, for erecting certain Buildings on certain Waſte Grounds on the South Side of the Street called Sandgate, within the Flood Mark of the River of Tyne.

Trin. 1694, Bill in the Exchequer, Mayor and Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle, Plaintiffs, againſt Dean and Chapter of Durham, and Samuel Shepherd, Defendants, a Trial at Law on the ſaid Bill was directed by the ſaid Court of Exchequer, on theſe two Iſſues following; that the Defendants could not lawfully erect and uſe a Ballaſt Key or Wharf, at Weſtoe or Jarrow-Slake, without the Licence of the Mayor and Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle.

THAT the erecting a Ballaſt Key at Weſtoe, or Jarrow-Slake by the Defendants would be a Damage to the River.

18 Junii, 1697. Verdict on both Iſſues for the Plaintiffs.

26 Jan. 1697, after this Trial, the Court of Exchequer did order, adjudge and decree, that a perpetual Injunction ſhould be awarded under the Seal of the Court, to quiet the Plaintiffs in the Poſſeſſion of their Franchiſes, Liberties, Powers and Privileges, and to ſtop the Defendants from erecting any Ballaſt Shore or Wharfe in Weſtoe or Jarrow-Slake, unleſs cauſe ſhould be ſhewn on Monday 15 [...] l697, which Cauſe being continued on the Paper of Cauſes from Time to Time, after ſeveral Debates and Hearings, Feb. 10, 1697, the whole Court delivered their Opinion at large, that the Bill was a proper Bill, and the Iſſues apt and proper Iſſues in this Caſe, and declared they were fully ſatisfied with the Trial at the Bar: Thereupon it was finally ordered, adjudged and decreed by the Court, that the Defendants, and every of them, ſhould be, and were thereby conſtrained from making and erecting any Ballaſt Key or Wharf at Weſtoe or Jarrow-Slake, and that a perpetual Injunction ſhould be granted to ſtop the Defendants, and every of them, their Succeſſors, Executors and Aſſigns, and all Perſons claiming under them, from making, ſetting up, or erecting any Ballaſt Key or Wharf there, at any Time or Times hereafter.

17 Martii, 1697, Dean and Chapter of Durham, and Samuel Shepherd, petitioned and appealed to the Houſe of Lords againſt this Decree.

7 Maij 1698, On hearing Council at the Lords Bar, on the Petition and Appeal, it was ordered and adjudged by the Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parliament aſſembled, that the ſaid Petition and Appeal of the Dean and Chapter of Durham, ſhould be diſmiſſed the ſaid Houſe, and that the Order and Appeal from which they appealed ſhould be confirm'd.

IN the 22d James I. a Perſon was ſued for Building ſome Houſes in Sandgate, within the Flood-Mark of the River Tyne, the Conſequence of which was, the Defendant was obliged to pull down the ſaid Houſes at his own Expence.

IN the Year 1631, the Sheriff of Durham was ordered by the King and Council to apprehend Offenders damaging the River Tyne, and carry them before the Mayor and Aldermen, Conſervators of the ſaid River.

September 9, 1665, Sir Francis Anderſon had granted to him a Leaſe for 1000 Years, from the Mayor and Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, of all that Parcel of Ground within the Territories of Winlington, between High and low-Water Mark, in length from Eaſt to Weſt 1254 Yards, and in Breadth from [165] low-Water Mark, in length from Eaſt to Weſt One Thouſand Two Hundred Fifty Four Yards, and in Breadth from low-Water Mark One Hundred and Twenty Yards, with Liberty to build Keys and caſt Ballaſt, upon paying 2 d. per Ton for all Ballaſt caſt thereon.

THE Bounds of the River Tyne, belonging to the Town of Newcaſtle, have been from the Day they had any Charter to this Day, from the Sparrow-Hawk to Hedwin Streams, which is about 14 Miles.

TO begin at Hedwin Streams, and ſo go down the River, taking Notice of the Villages, &c. 'till we come to the Bridge. Hedwin is a Village ſituated on the North Side of the River ſeven Miles: It ſeems to have been originally a Roman Station, for the Word in the Saxon ſignifies a Military Wing, and the Roman Wall goes cloſe by it.

RYTON, a Village ſituated on the South ſide of the Tyne, diſtant about 7 Miles from Newcaſtle, is adorned with a fair Church, which had the Honour to have for its Rector the very learned Dr. Cave, who was ſucceeded in it by Malin Sorsbie, Maſter of Arts, a religious Man, and an excellent Scholar. He was Father to the preſent Alderman Sorsbie, late Mayor of this Town. The next Incumbent of this Church was Dr. Finny, who built the ſtately Parſonage Houſe there; and the preſent one the Rev. Mr. Secker.

NEWBURN is a Village diſtant fron Newcaſtle about 4 Miles, and ſituated on the North ſide of the Tyne. It is of great Antiquity, as appears from the following Relation.

COPSI, the firſt Earl of Northumberland, after the Conqueſt, was conſtituted ſuch by the Conqueror, for that Part of the Province that lyeth North of the River: Whereupon he drove Oſulph, whom Merker, the younger Son to Algar, Earl of Cheſter, the laſt Earl of Northumberland had ſubſtituted there.

AT length Oſulph, whom he had ſo driven, being neceſſitated to betake himſelf to the Woods and Deſerts for Refuge, gathered ſome Strength, and forcing Copſi, for Safeguard, to fly to the Church of Newburne, ſet it on Fire, and when Copſi (to ſave himſelf from the Flames) came out, did cut off his Head at the very Door, on the 4th of the Ides of March, in the 5th Week after he had the Adminiſtration of theſe Parts; but the very next Autumn this Oſulph was himſelf ſlain by the Hands of a Robber. Bar. Dugdale, p. 54. Vol. 1.

KING Henry I. granted the Church of this Place to St. Mary's of Carliſle, and the Canons of the ſame.

WALDENUS Parſona de Newburne, was one of the Witneſſes to the Foundation Charter of St. Mary's in Weſtgate, about the Reign of Richard I.

THIS Manour belong'd to the Crown, 'till Robert Fitz Roger, ſirnamed de Clavering, from his Manour of Clavering in Eſſex, obtained a Grant of it from King John, Reg. 5. To hold to him by the Service of one Knight's Fee, which upon levying the Scutage of Wales, 13 John, he paid. His Poſterity enjoy'd this Manour long after, for Robert de Clavering, who had Summons to Parliament from the 23 of Edward I. to 3 Ed. II. died poſſeſſed of this Manour of Newburne, and left it to his Son and Heir John de Clavering, who deſpairing of having any Iſſue Male, ſettled this Manour, and ſome others, by Way of Feoſſinent, upon one Stephen de Trafford, to the Intent that the ſaid Stephen ſhould reconvey them to the ſaid John, to hold for Life, with the Remainder to King Ed. I. and his Heirs. The King ſoon after it came to him, gave it to Henry Percy, the Anceſtor of the Earls of Northumberland, [166] in whoſe Family we find it 42 Edw. III. for Henry Earl of Northumberland died about that Time ſeized of this Manour, with divers other Eſtates, and leaving his Wife Joan ſurviving, this Lordſhip with its Members, was aſſigned to her for her Dowry among ſeveral others. After her Deceaſe it continued in the Percy's Family divers Succeſſions, and was in the 5 Hen. V. ſettled upon Elizabeth, the Relict of Henry Earl of Northumberland ſurnamed Hotſpur for Life, and after her Deceaſe paſſed to her Son Henry, who died ſeized of it, and other great Eſtates, 33 Hen. VI. fighting for whom he loſt his Life at the Battle of St. Albans in Hertfordſhire. King Edward IV. having by this Victory gained a ſure Poſſeſſion of the Throne, Henry Earl of Northumberland, his Son and Succeſſor, loſt his paternal Eſtate, by being attainted in Parliament, 1 Edward IV. and as the major Part of his Eſtate was given by that King to his Brother George Duke of Clarence, as is above ſpecified, ſo this Manour of Newburn, and Newburn-Haven, were granted to Sir Robert Ogle, in Conſideration of his many faithful Services, being ſoon after made a Baron of the Realm.

DR. Smith, late Biſhop of Carliſle, finding the Vicarage of this Place to be ſmall, and not able to maintain a Miniſter, made an Augmentation of 25 l. a Year to it ſince the Reſtoration of King Charles II. Magn. Britan. Vol. 3. p. 673.

THIS Manour is now Part of the Eſtate of his moſt noble Grace, Charles Duke of Somerſet.

THE next Village to it is Stella, a little below Newburn, on the other Side the Water. Here is a magnificent Houſe and Gardens, which belonged to the Lord Widdrington, which became forfeited to the Crown in the Year 1715, for his entring into the Northumberland Rebellion. This Place originally belonged to the Nuns of Newcaſtle; it is now chiefly inhabited by Coal-Workers, and has Staiths in it.

THERE are many other Villages on the Sides of this River, ſuch as Blaiden, Lemmington, Swalwel, Delaval, Redheugh, &c. Several of them have Staiths belonging to them, ſuch are the Staiths of the Lady Clavering, Sir Henry Liddel, Baronet, Richard Ridley, Eſq George Liddel, Eſq Edward Wortley Montague, Eſq George Bowes, Eſq George Pitt, Eſq George Malliber, Eſq Mr. John Simpſon and Mr. Joſeph Ledger.

THERE is a little Iſland in the Midſt of the River, called, The King's Meadows, which is a delicious Place, and a great Ornament to the River.

LET us now come below Bridge, to take Notice of a few Things there. Gateſhead preſents itſelf firſt, a Town in the Biſhoprick of Durham; it ſtands on the South-ſide of the Tyne, oppoſite to Newcaſtle, and is a Place of great Antiquity. Mr. Cambden thinks it a Place of equal Antiquity with Newcaſtle, becauſe of it's ancient Name Gabroſentum; but I have already proved it more rational to believe it to have been only it's Suburbs.

THERE was an ancient Monaſtry here in the Time of Bede; which was the Monaſtry of Utanus, it was where Mr. Riddle's Houſe, or Gateſhead Houſe is as it now ſtands.

ON the 14 of May, 1080, Walter Biſhop of Durham was murdered at this Place. The Occaſion of it was, this Walter attending more wordly Affairs than the Charge of his Flock, gave himſelf altogether to Temporal Buſineſs, wherein he wholly occupied himſelf. He bought of the King the Earldom of Northumberland, and then making himſelf a ſecular Judge, took upon him to ſit in the Court, and to determine all Cauſes at his Pleaſure, dealing withal very corruptly, and taking ſtill the Courſe that might be moſt for his own [167] Gain. Hereupon he greatly enriched his own Coffers, but purchaſed unto himſelf extreme Hatred amongſt the Common People, which was his Deſtruction in the End. There was a certain Gentleman, of great Account, named Leulfus, that married Algitha, the Daughter of Aldred, ſometime Earl of Northumberland, from whom the Lord Lumley that now liveth is lineally deſcended. This Leulfus, to the end he might live near the Church in his latter Time, and for very Devotion, came to Durham to dwell there, and kept Company very much with the Biſhop, who loved him entirely, for many good Parts he ſaw in him, as namely, his Wiſdom in diſcerning, his Equity in deciding, and his Diſcretion in ordering and handling ſuch Cauſes as he committed unto him; in which Reſpect alſo he uſed him very familiarly, employed him often, and gave him what Countenance he could. Now, you ſhall underſtand, that unto the ſame Biſhop belonged two Men, unto whom for the moſt Part he committed the ordering of all his Affairs; Leofwyn or Leobwyn his Chaplain, whom he truſted with all Houſhold-Matters, and Gilbert, a Kinſman of his own, that dealt in his Cauſes of Temporal Government. In their Offices they behaved themſelves ſo, as the Biſhop had Cauſe to commend their Diligence, but to blame their Raſhneſs and Wilfulneſs in many Things, which notwithſtanding he bore withal, either becauſe their Induſtry and Care of his Affairs, ſo blinded his Eyes, as he could not eſpy their Misbehaviour otherwiſe, or elſe being loath to deteſt them whom he had once advanced. Theſe Men, and eſpecially Leofwyn, did greatly envy the Credit that Leulfus had gotten with the Biſhop, and every where oppoſed themſelves againſt him, not only in Words, traducing his Actions, but in Deeds alſo, thwarting and croſſing his Endeavours, whereby it came to paſs, that many Jars fell out between them. One Day amongſt the reſt, a Court being held in the Preſence of the Biſhop, Leofwyn or Leobwyn (for ſo alſo I find him called) according to his wonted Manner, gave Leulfus ill Speeches, which he not enduring to bear, as heretofore he had done (furor fit ſaepius laeſa patientia) anſwered this ſawcy Chaplain ſomewhat more roundly than he had been accuſtomed. Whereupon he roſe ſtraight from the Court in great Indignation (Leofwyn I mean) and calling Gilbert aſide, with little ado perſuaded him to carry a certain Number of armed Men to the Houſe where Leulfus lay, and in a Night to kill him; which indeed he performed with great Cruelty, murdering not only the innocent Gentleman himſelf, but alſo his Servants and whole Houſhold. The News of this horrible and outragious Cruelty coming unto the Ears of the Biſhop, amazed him very much, and ſuſpecting it was done by the Advice of Leofwyn, turning about unto him: O Leofwyn, ſaith he, thou haſt already ſlain me by thy Tongue. So not doubting it would breed much Danger unto him, he got into his Caſtle, and preſently diſpatched Meſſengers unto the Friends and Kindred of Leulfus that was ſlain, proteſting, that the Fact was committed without his Knowledge; that he was marvellous ſorry for it; and if any Man ſuſpected him, would be ready to ſubmit himſelf to any Order of Law, whereby he might clear himſelf. Herewith they ſeemed to be ſatisfied; but for Concluſion of a firm Peace amongſt them, it was thought fit they ſhould meet and conſider of the Matter. They met at a Place called Goats-Head; the Biſhop for his better Safe-guard betook himſelf unto the Church with his Company; the People (whereof an infinite Number were gathered together) abode without. Meſſages a while paſt between them; but the more the Matter was debated (being very odious of itſelf) the more the People were incenſed. At laſt it was told them, how not only Leofwyn, but alſo Gilbert had been harboured in the Biſhop's Houſe, and afforded Countenance by him ſince the Murder; which being once heard (and it was true enough) they all cried out, it was manifeſt that the Biſhop was the Author of this Fact. It is furthermore delivered by Matthew Paris, that the Biſhop not only before this, amongſt many intollerable Exactions laid upon the Country by him, had commanded the Sum of 400 l. to be levied at this Time. That being alſo remembred, while as all the People ſtood in a murmuring, doubting what Courſe to take, one of ſome ſpecial Regard amongſt them ſlept up, uſing theſe Words, Short read, Good read, ſlay ye the Biſhop. Hereupon, without more ado, they ran all unto the [168] Church, killed ſo many of the Biſhop's Retinue as they found without Doors, and with horrible Noiſe and Outcries, bid him and his Company to come out unto them. Too late then he repented, that he had committed himſelf unto the Fury of a diſcontented Multitude, with whom he knew himſelf before that Time nothing gracious. But to make the beſt of a bad Match, and to try all Means of ridding himſelf from the Danger imminent, he perſuaded his Kinſman Gilbert, there preſent, to go forth unto them, if happily his Death (which doubtleſs he had deſerved) might ſatisfy their Fury, and purchaſe Safety unto his Lord and Maſter. Gilbert was content, and iſſuing out, with divers of the Biſhop's Company, were all ſlain, except only two Engliſhmen, Servants unto the Biſhop (all the reſt were Normans). They being not yet ſatisfied, he beſought Leofwyn (whoſe Life he knew well was principally ſought) to go out alſo. But he utterly refuſed ſo to do. The Biſhop therefore going unto the Church-door, entreated them not to take his Life from him, proteſting himſelf to be utterly guiltleſs of the Blood of Leulfus; and ſhewed them at large, how dangerous it would be to them in particular, and what Inconvenience would follow to the whole Country in general, if they ſhould defile their Hands in ſhedding his Blood, an unarmed Prieſt, a ſacred and conſecrated Biſhop, their Ruler, their Governor, their Magiſtrate. Hoping, Laſtly, That his very Countenance, his Gravity, his Age, and the Sight of his Perſon might move them to Compaſſion (for he was indeed a very reverend Man to ſee to, very tall of Stature, Head and Beard as white as Snow, his Face freſh and well coloured, and every Way very perſonable, he went out, carrying a green Branch in his Hand, that ſo he might teſtify his Deſire of Peace. When he ſaw that all this availed not, and the People ran furiouſly upon him, he caſt his Gown over his own Head, in like Sort as we read Julius Caeſar did in the like Caſe, and permitting himſelf to their Fury, with innumerable Wounds was pitifully maſſacred, together with all his People and Retinue, to the Number of an hundred; only Leofwyn yet remained within the Church, and being often called, would not come forth; ſo they ſet the Church on Fire. Not enduring the Fire, he leaped out of a Window, and was immediately hewn into a thouſand Pieces. The Monks of Yarrow came and fetched away the Biſhop's Body (which they found ſtark naked) and could hardly know it for the Multitude of Wounds; they carried it to their Monaſtery, from whence it was conveyed to Durham, and there buried on the South-ſide of the Chapter-houſe, but ſecretly, for Fear of the Murderers, that roved up and down the Town, and once aſſaulted the Caſtle. When they found that they could not prevail there, they diſperſed themſelves, and for the moſt Part came to evil and unhappy Ends. The King in the mean Time hearing of this Tumult, ſent his Brother Odo Biſhop of Bayan, with many of his Nobles, and a great Army, to take Puniſhment of this Murder, which while they ſought to revenge, they brought the whole Country to Deſolation. Thoſe that were guilty prevented the Danger toward them by Flight, ſo as few of them could be taken; of the reſt that ſtayed at Home, ſome were unjuſtly executed, and the reſt compelled to ranſom themſelves to their utter impoveriſhing and undoing. The chiefeſt Doer in this Outrage, was one Eadulſus, ſirnamed Rus, deſcended of the Earls of Northumberland, who (as ſome ſay) ſlew the Biſhop with his own Hands, and afterwards by the juſt Judgment of God, was himſelf ſlain by a Woman, and his Body, tho' once buried in the Church of Godworth, was taken up by the Commandment of Turgoſt, Prior of Durham, and forbidden Chriſtian Burial. At this Time Odo took away from the Church of Durham certain Ornaments of great Value, amongſt which is eſpecially remembred a certain Croſier of ineſtimable Price. In this Biſhop's Days, and by his Endeavour, ſecular Clerks were diſplaced, and the Church of Durham repleniſhed with Monks, the Pope, the King, and the Archbiſhop allowing this Alteration, Goodwyn, Fol. 637.

AFTERWARDS this Church was new built, and placed where it now ſtands: For, according to Tradition, it ſtood before in the Field below where Brick-Kilns now are.

[169]THIS Church of St. Mary's, Gateſhead, is in the Gift of the Biſhop of Durham; but once, during the Vacancy of the See, it was given to Robert de Pleſuys; the Value of it then was 26 Marks per Annum.

IT is at preſent a very neat pretty Church, being exceeding well pew'd, having a ſmall Organ, and a Ring of eight Bells, which were laſt Year founded by Contribution, &c.

IT has had ſeveral worthy Men its Miniſters, ſuch were Dr. Laidler, John Cave, M. A. Dr. Tully, Dr. Pickering, Leonard Shafto, M. A. The Reverend Mr. Stilling fleet, who was inducted Anno 1731. removed to Ryton in 1733, and is ſucceeded in this Church by Mr. Lamb the preſent Incumbent.

THERE belonged to this Church the Hoſpital of St. Edmund, which was founded by Nicholas Biſhop of Durham, as appears by the following Charter, and Order for its Foundation and Government.

Fundatio Hoſpitalis S. Edmundi apud Gateſheved.

OMnibus praeſens Scriptum viſuris vel audituris, Bertramus Prior & Conventus Dunelmenſis Eccleſiae, aeternam in Domino Salutem: Noveritis Nos Cartam venerabilis Patris noſtri D. Nicholai, Dei gratia, Dunelmenſis Epiſcopi, in haec verba inſpexiſſo: Omnibus Chriſti fidelibus, praeſentem Cartam inſpecturis vel audituris, Nicholaus, Deigratia, Dunelmenſis Epiſcopus, aeternam in Domino ſalutem. Sciatis Nos de aſſenſu Capituli noſtri conceſſiſſe, dediſſe, & hac Carta noſtra confirmaſſe, Deo, & beato Edmundo Confeſſori, & quatuor Capellanis, in Capella quam conſtruximus apud Gateſheved, in honorem ejuſdem, Deo ibidem in perpetuum ſervituris, totam villam de Ulkiſtan, tam in dominicis quam in ſervitiis, Villanis & eorum ſequelis, cum boſco & cum molendino, cum ſecta & ſoca, & cum omnibus aliis pertinentiis ſuis, ſine aliquo retenimento. Dedimus autem & conceſſimus eiſdem Capellanis, & ſucceſſoribus ſuis, in perpetuum, totum vetus Dominium de Gateſheved, cum omnibus pertinentiis ſuis, & cum Boskello quod vocatur Benchelm, continente quadraginta & tres Acras per iſtas diviſas, viz. inter terram arabilem S. Trinitatis & viam, quae ducit uſque Farnacres tendente ad pratum. Dedimus & conceſſimus eiſdem Capellanis, & eorum ſucceſſoribus, in perpetuum, viginti & novem Acras terrae de Eſchaeta noſtra, cum pertinentiis ſuis in Alureſacyres, habendas & tenendas Deo, & beato Edmundo Confeſſori, & dictis Capellanis, & eorum ſucceſſoribus, in perpetuum, de Nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris, in liberam, puram, & perpetuam Elemoſinam, ſicut aliqua Elemoſina liberius vel quietius dari poteſt vel teneri. Sed ne iſta noſtra Collatio, in tam pios uſus facta, ſpeciem alienationis continere videatur, in compenſationem tam modici damni ſubſcripta Eccleſiae Dunelmenſi reverſura, quae quidem propriis ſacultatibus & induſtriis adquiſivimus, eidem Eccleſiae noſtrae in perpetuum adſignavimus, viz. ſexdecim acras terrae cum pertinentiis, in Steindrop, una cum Advocatione Eccleſiae ejuſdem, & ſexdecim acras terrae cum pertinentiis in Winſton, una cum Advocatione Eccleſiae ejuſdem. Item quinque Bovatas terrae cum pertinentiis in Thymelby, cum Boſco, & cum Homagio & ſervitio Wil. de Kolevile & heredum ſuorum in cadem, in perpetuum. Item triginta & quinque acras terrae, cum pertinentiis, in Creyk, emptas de Roberto de Raskelf. Item totam villam de Herdwyck, juxta Stockton, quam emeramus de Galrido de Herdwyck, excepto valore excambii, quod ei fecimus in Dominio noſtro de Bradewood. Item quadraginta Marcas annuas de Eccleſiis venerabilis fratris Domini Sylveſtri, Karlconenſis Epiſcopi, & Prioris ejuſdem, in Northumbria, toto tempore ipſius Epiſcopi, & poſt ejus ceſſionem, vel deceſſum, ſexaginta Marcas. Item Advocationem Eccleſiae de Stamfordham in Northumbria. Quare volumus & firmiter praecipimus, quod praedicti Capellani, & eorum ſucceſſores, qui pro tempore fuerint, totam praedictam villam de Ulkiſtan, tam in dominicis quam in ſervitiis, villanis & corum ſequelis, cum boſco & cum molendino, cum ſecta & ſoka, & cum omnibus aliis pertinentiis ſuis, & totum vetus Dominium de Gateſheved, cum omnibus pertinentiis ſuis, & cum praefato Boskello quod vocatur Benchelm, & etiam praedictis viginti & novem acris terrae cum pertinentiis in Alurſacreſs, habeant & retineant in liberam, puram & perpetuam Elimoſnam, [170] in omnibus & per omnia, ſicut praedictum eſt in perpetuum. In cujus rei teſtimonium, praeſenti ſcripto ſigillum noſtrum fecimus apponi. Teſtibus Dominis & Magiſtris Johanne de Rumesbye, Philippo de S. Helena, Willielmo de Blokelepo, Odone de Kyllenny, Willielmo de Hurtheworth, Johanne Forti, Galfrido de Forſeth, Marco de Sancta Cruce, Ricardo de Farnham, Roberto de Sancto Albano, Johanne le Graſs, Roberto de Bokynham, Rogero de Ponte curvo, Johanne Cilet, Waltero Seilby, Rogero de Winton Capellano, Henrico de Sumero, Willielmo de Sadberge, Ricardo Baſſeth, Willielmo de Karlawc, Radulpho Fermin Clerico, & multis aliis.

NOS ergo dictam Cartam dicti venerabilis Patris noſtri Domini Nicholai Dei gratia, Dunelmenſis Epiſcopi, ratam & gratam in omnibus habentes ipſam Sigilli noſtri munimine duximus confirmandam. [...] Teſte Capitulo noſtro.

Ordinatio Hoſpitalis Sancti Edmundi in Gateſheved.

OMnibus hoc ſcriptum viſuris vel audituris, Bertramus Prior & Conventus Dunelmenſis Eccleſiae ſalutem aeternam in Domino. Noveritis Nos Cartam venerabilis Patris noſtri Domini Nicholai, Dei gratia, Dunelmenſis Epiſcopi, in haec verba inſpexiſſe. Omnibus ſanctae Matris Eccleſiae filiis, ad quos praeſens ſcriptum pervenerit, Nicholaus, Divina Gratia, Dunelmenſis Epiſcopus, ſalutem in Domino ſempiternam. Etſi aſcripti obſequiis Creatoris ipſius proferre laudes in pace deberent & quiete, inimicus tamen, qui huic adverſatur nomini, zizaniam non ceſſans ſeminare per miniſtros ſuos, & excreſcentem malitiam ſecularem ad hoc ſedulo ſuas vires ponit ingenii, ut, quod ad laudem Dei & Divini nominis cultum fidelium devotio ordinaverit, ad nihilum redigat, & irremediabili confuſione perfundat: Hujus Nos aſtutae calliditati occurrere cupientes remedio ſalutari, ne incertus aut inordinatus vivendi modus ſempiternum inducat torporem, ſtatuimus & ordinavimus, ut in Capella, quam apud Gateſheved ad honorem Domini noſtri Jeſu Chriſti, in nomine beati Edmundi Confeſſoris, & glorioſi pontificis Cuthberti, fundavimus, dedicavimus, & dotavimus, pro ſalute animae noſtrae, predeceſſorum & ſucceſſorum noſtrorum, quatuor Sacerdotes bonae vitae & converſationis honeſtae ſint perpetuis temporibus miniſtrantes, viz. Presbyter, cui cuſtodiam contulimus Capellae antedictae, & omnium ſpectantium ad eandem, quamdiu vixerit, cum tribus aliis Sacerdotibus eidem Presbytero aſſociandis; tali vero adjuncto tenore, ut diebus ſingulis, in perpetuum, matutinas & caeteras horas canonicas ſimul cantent, ac per unum ſacerdotem de die, per alium de beata Virgine, per tertium, de beatis Confeſſoribus Edmundo & Cuthberto, quartum vero, pro anima noſtra, predeceſſorum & ſucceſſorum noſtrorum, & omnium fidelium deſunctorum, quatuor miſſae quotidie celebrentur, cum Commendatione, Placebo & Dirige. Praedicti vero quatuor Sacerdotes in eadem menſa comedent, & in eadem Camera quieſcent, niſi alicujus infirmitas ad tempus inter illos aegrotum manere non permittat. Praedicti vero tres Sacerdotes praedicto Magiſtro domus & ſuis ſucceſſoribus erunt obedientes, & ab co ſingillatim, viginti ſolidos ſterlingorum, una cum menſa honorabili percipient annuatim, ad providendum ſibi in Veſtibus & aliis neceſſariis. Si quis illorum, diabolico inſtinctu incontinens, vagabundus, aut alias vivens inordinate, & per Magiſtrum, qui pro tempore fuerit, monitus, in malitia perduraverit, per eundem Magiſtrum abſque requiſitione Superioris amoveatur; quo amoto, ſine majore diſpendio alius Sacerdos ſubſtituatur. Ad haec quidem capellam Trinitatis, & ad ſuſtentationem ibidem neque ſeculariter neque religioſe viventium aſſignata fuerit ſuſtentatio modica & exilis, ut intelligatur quam bonum actu & quam jucundum habitare Fratres in unum, de Conſenſu Prioris & Conventus Dunelmenſis, & illorum, qui ibidem habitare conſueverant, capellam praedictam cum ſuis pertinentiis capellae praenominatae quam fundaverimus, praeſata auctoritate conſolidavimus. Ordinavimus etiam & ſtatuimus, ut Epiſcopi Dunelmenſes, qui pro tempore fuerint, ſint Patroni, Advocati, & Defenſores praedicti loci, & omnium ſpectantium ad cundem, & quod per ipſos Magiſtri perpetuis temporibus inſtituantur, Presbyteri tamen & ſuo proſpectu in loco praedicto reſidentes. Si tamen Magiſter aliquis ſive Cuſtos inſtitutus in regiminé Domus negligeus fucrit, aut alias inutilis inveniatur, per Epiſcopum Dunelmenſem qui pro tempore fuerit amoveatur, & idoneus ſine mora Regimini Domus praeficiatur. Si vero cuſtodum aliquis qui praedictae Domui laudabiliter praefuerit intantam [171] debilitatem morbo incidiat vel Aetate, quod propter ipſius impotentiam Alius ibidem praeficiatur; Amotus a Regimine ex cauſa honeſta de bonis Domus in vitae neceſſariis ſuſtentetur, dum tamen aliunde non habeat unde poſſit ſuſtentari, & hoc idem de Sacerdotibus obſervetur, qui caſus inciderint antedictos. Si autem bona ad ſuſtentationem praelibatam a nobis aſſignata eidem pia Fidelium conſideratione praedicto loco aſſignanda, ad uberiora bona facienda ſuffecerint in Elemoſinis & operibus miſericordiae. Qui Regimini domus deputatus fuerit taliter ſtudeat erogare, ut in diſerati judicii examinatione ut fidelis Diſpenſator a Judice ſupremo cum electis ex fructu bonorum operum vitam capiat ſempiternam. Nulli ergo homini liceat hanc Ordinationem noſtram infringere, vel ei auſu temerario contraire; Si quis autem hoc attemptare praeſumpſerit indignationem Omnipotentis Dei & Sanctae Genetricis ejuſdem, & Sanctorum confeſſorum Edmundi & Cuthberti & omnium Sanctorum noverit ſe incurſurum. Et ad majorem Securitatem hujus tenoris, Nos Ergo dictam Ordinationem dicti venerabilis Patris Dom'i Nicholai divina gratia Dunelmenſis Epiſcopi gratam & ratam in omnibus habentes ipſam ſigilli noſtri munimine duximus confirmandam. Teſte Capitulo Noſtro.

Creatio Jo. de Appilby in Magiſtrum Hoſpitalis S. Edmundi per Tho. Hatfield Dunelm' Epiſc.

THomas Permiſſione Divina Dunelmenſis Epiſcopus, dilecto nobis in Chriſto filio Magiſtro Johanni de Apilby Juriſperito ſalutem, gratiam & benedictionem. Tuis meritis exigentibus Noſ (que) ad id moventibus Virtutum gratiis quibus te novimus inſigniri, Te in Magiſtrum, Rectorem, & Cuſtodem perpetuum Domus ſeu Hoſpitalis de Gateſheved noſtrae Dioceſ. vacantis & ad Collationem ſeu Proviſionem noſtram pleno jure ſpectantis praefecimus, Te (que) per Annuli noſtri traditionem praeſentialiter inveſtimus de eadem, Adminiſtrationem tibi omnium bonorum dictae Domus plenam & liberam committentes. In cujus. — &c. Dat' in manerio noſtro de Aukland die 20 menſis Auguſt, A. D. 1353. & Conſecrat. noſtrae 9.

Compert' quod Iſabella quae fuit Uxor Joh. de Birkley obiit ſeiſata in Dominio ſuo de uno meſſuagio & Sexaginta acras terrae in Kyoleche quae tenetur de magiſtro Hoſpitalis S. Edmundi in Gateſheved.

PHILIP Biſhop of Durham, in the Reign of Henry II. granted to the Burgeſſes of Gateſhead ſeveral Privileges, as appears by what follows.

PHILIP by the Grace of God Biſhop of Durham, to all Men of the whole Biſhoprick, and of his Brotherhood in all England, he ſaluteth.

Know ye, that we have granted, and by his preſent Deed have granted to our Burgeſſes of Gateſheved, full Liberty of Foreſtage, yielding in every half Year, from Pentecoſt to the Feaſt of St. Martin; for a Wheye or Ox, the which goes to Graſs, 2 d. and for a Horſe 2 d. and for every Hog 1 d. in reſpect of all Things that they have to proper and neceſſary Uſes; ſaving theſe prohibited. Neither ſhall it be lawful for any Foreſter within the Meats that are appointed within our Foreſt and Burrough to Tax Lands upon any Burgeſs, or upon any Manner of Thing of the ſaid Borough, or upon any Oxen, or any other their Cattle, or by any Ways to hinder them, either of their Wood, Timber, or any other Things. And if any Suit or Trouble ſhall be between the Foreſters and Burgeſſes, it ſhall be determined in the ſaid Burrough, if it may be; if not, then in our Preſence it ſhall be determined. And the Cattle of any Burgeſs ſhall not be carried out of the ſaid Burrough, but there ſhall be replevied, if the ſame may be replevied. To the ſame Burgeſſes it ſhall be lawful to have Herbage, and lying Turfs and Bruery to their own proper Uſes, whereſoever they are accuſtomed to have the ſame, ſo that they ſell us Part thereof. And if any Burgeſs do dig Turfs for his Chimney, not having Oxen; if for the Leading of Turfs they ſhall be forced to have Oxen, nevertheleſs in giving for all or every Ox, which they ſhall need 2 d. of Foreſtage, they ſhall be freed. And it ſhall be lawful for every Burgeſs to give Wood to whomſoever he will, [172] to be ſpent about the River of Tyne, without any Licence; but not to ſell any without Licence of the Foreſters. And no Foreſter ſhall diſturb any Merchandize that cometh within the ſaid Meat. And every Burgeſs of Gateſheved ſhall have of his Burgage the ſame Liberty, which the Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle have of their Burgages. And whitherſoever the Burgeſſes of Gateſheved, or their Cattle, ſhall come within our Land, in the Peace of God and Bleſſed St. Cuthbert, they ſhall paſs, that no Man to them ſhall do any Injury, or any Demand or Exaction of them ſhall require. We do grant alſo to the ſame Burgeſſes, that they ſhall have Common of Paſture and like Parts of Feeding to all their Houſes, and all Commodities which they ought to have of Subtwell Meadows, as they were wont to have; as in Deeds of good Memory of our Predeceſſors reaſonably is contain'd.

IN the 7th of Edward VI. the Mayor and Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle petitioned the King, that the Town of Gateſheved in the County of Durham, adjoining to their Corporation, only the River of Tyne between, being populous, and without Government, and often committing many Outrages in their Town, and then got over the Water into the Town of Gateſheved unpuniſhed; and that often they caſt Rubbiſh into the River; and alſo that the Bridge went to Decay very much, which belonged to that Town; humbly beſeeching, That his Majeſty would be graciouſly pleaſed, to incorporate that Town with them, under their Government, with all its Members, and Salt-meadows, and Park; and that it might be quite taken from the County of Durham, and all the People therein to become ſubordinate to their Laws.

WHEREUPON it was enacted, the whole Town of Gateſheved, with the Salt-Meadows, the whole Water and Bridge, with all the Liberties thereunto belonging (except the Common which ſhould remain to the Inhabitants) ſhould be incorporated with Newcaſtle, and disjoined from the County of Durham, as Newcaſtle was from Northumberland by Charter, Gardener, p. 169.

FIRST Mary, ſo ſoon as Biſhop Tunſtal was created Biſhop of Durham, he petitioned her Majeſty, to reſtore Gateſheved to the County of Durham again, and that the ſaid Act 7th Edward VI. might be repealed; and it was repealed accordingly, and enacted, that the Town of Gateſheved ſhould be free from the Corporation of Newcaſtle, &c. Gardener, p. 175.

ON the ſame Side of the Tyne, a little below, are the Fields called the Salt-Meadows.

IN going down the Water, we meet with ſeveral Staiths, ſuch are the Staith of Richard Ridley, Eſq and Matthew White, Eſq at the Glaſs-Houſe Bridge; the Staiths of Richard Ridley, Eſq at St. Lawrence and St. Peter's Keys, of Walter Blacket, Eſq and Mr. John Wilkinſon; of Francis Rudſton, Eſq and of Edward Wortley Montague, Eſq We meet alſo with ſeveral Keys, ſuch are Winkemley, Bill-Key, Willington-Key, Hebbourn-Key, &c.

WE meet alſo with ſeveral Villages, ſuch are Dents-Hole, St. Anthon's, Snowdon's Hole, Howdon Panns, Jarroiv, &c.

WHEN the Hoaſtmen renewed their Charter, they had Licence to ſend Coals above the Bill, and Mr. Coal procured a Shore at Friar-Gooſe, Mr. Henry Chapman procured a Shore upon Hewith-Grounds; and Mr. Robert Brandling with much ado got Leave to build a Shore upon his own Ground at Fellin. In the mean time, the Tenants of the Dean and Chapter at Durham, took Liberty to throw their Aſhes into the River, which did much Damage to the Bar. Upon this Mr. Leonard Carr, and Mr. Cuthbert Bewick complained, and the Town cauſed them to lay them upon the Land, of which they have made mighty Heaps.

[173]WHEN King James I. came to the Crown, he was pleaſed to be bountiful to his Countrymen; amongſt the reſt, Sir Henry Gibb being one of his Officers, he beſtowed upon him the Lordſhip of Jarrow and he would have procured a Shore there to caſt Ballaſt; but altho' he had the Favour of the King, yet the Town uſed ſuch Means, and gave ſuch Reaſons to his Majeſty and the Council, that they found it detrimental to the Town, and eſpecially to the River, ſo that he was utterly hindred and diſappointed.

BUT after the Death of King Charles I. Thomas Bonner, and Robert Elliſon got in to be Magiſtrates; and theſe Men having gotten Wealth and Increaſe by the Rebellion, did purchaſe Jarrow; and what could not be done before in a lawful Time, they did bring to paſs at this unlawful Juncture, building a Shore, and caſting Ballaſt, to the great Detriment of the River: And having the Town at Command, Mr. Bonner bought St. Anthony's, and Robert Elliſon bought Hebbourn, and there they both built Shores, and got the Allowance of the Common Council, when they were beyond Reſiſting: And ſince that, Mr. Carr, a Man that deſerved well of his preſent Majeſty [CHARLES II.] and the Town, hath procured, that his Brother Elliſon (for old Elliſon's Son married his Siſter) ſhould have Liberty to erect his Shore to a great Length, which in Time will utterly overthrow our Navigation; for they will damn out the In-draught, which maketh Rivers far off the Sea be walled out; it will go by, and not come in: And ſome ancient and diſcreet Maſters of Ships have ſaid, They have not left a Birth to ſave their Ships in, when any Land-ſtood or Storm happens in the River. Milbank.

THE next Place Jarrow, or Girwy, as it was anciently called, which is a ſmall Village on the South Side of Tyne, about 4 Miles diſtant from Newcaſtle, famous for a Monaſtery of learned Men, but more ſo for the Birth, Life, and Death of venerable BEDE; ſo named for his ſingular Sanctity, who was born of mean Parents, and at ſeven Years of Age deliver'd to the holy Abbot St. Benedict to be educated in his Rule, and being come to Age he profeſſed a Monaſtick Life in the Abbies of Weremouth, and Girwy, where he became by his conſtant Application to his Studies, ſo compleat a Scholar, that few in that Age, (which bred many very learned Men) were to compare to him, for he was perfectly knowing in the Greek and Latin Tongues, and no leſs perfect in Poetry, Rhetorick, Logick, Phyſicks, Metaphyſikcs, Aſtronomy, Arithmetick, all Eccleſiaſtical Calculations, Muſick, Geometry, Coſmography, Hiſtory, Philoſophy, and Divinity. In ſhort, he had an exact Knowledge of all commendable Sciences, inſomuch that William of Malmsbury thus deſcribes him. He was a Man that may more worthily be admired than commended; for he was born in an extream Corner of the World, yet the Light of his Learning ſpread over all Parts of the Earth, he continued a moſt diligent Learner 'till he was thirty Years of Age, after which being ordained Prieſt, he betook himſelf to Teaching and Writing. All the Hours he had to ſpare from the Monaſtical Exceriſes of Prayer, and Singing in the Choirs by Day and Night (in which he was conſtant and very devout) he moſt diligently ſpent in his Studies, ſo that his Life was a continual Intercourſe between Devotion and Study, he never repairing to his Study 'till he had been at Prayers, nor ever went to Prayers but from his Studies, by which continual Application he penetrated into all Sciences. In his continual Deportment he was ſo grave and ſerious, that the Title of Venerable was beſtowed on him while he lived, and ever continued to him after his Death. It appears from Hiſtory that he had at one Time thoſe great Lights of the Church, Alcuinus, Preceptor to the Emperor Charlemaign, and Claudius and Clemens, the Founders of the Univerſities of Paris and Pavia for his Scholars.

THIS Character is fully verified by the Books of all Sorts of Learning writ by him. At the End of his Works he gives us a modeſt account of his own [174] Life, together with a Catalogue of his Principal Works. Henry of Huntington gives us alſo a large Catalogue of his Writings, too long to be ſet down here: Yet we cannot omit ſome of the Principal Works, viz.

AN incredible Number of Treatiſes upon all Parts of the Old and New Teſtament, many of which are ſtill to be found in the Bodleian Library at Oxford.

ABOVE an hundred Homilies, and many Pieces of Divinity and Devotion.

A Small Book of the Holy-Land.

A Chronicle from the Creation.

A Book of the Writers of the Church.

A Martyrology.

AN Epitome of the Engliſh Hiſtory.

OF the Scituation and wonderful Things of Great Britain.

THE Lives of many holy Men and Abbots, with many others of all Sorts of Learning.

THIS moſt excellent Perſon, being grown old in the Study of Learning, and all Chriſtian Virtues, grew weak and decripit for a Time, and at length on the Tueſday before Aſcenſion, his Diſtemper grew ſo heavy upon him, that Nature yielded to it, and he died on Aſcenſion Day, in the ſeventy ſecond Year of his Age; But others ſay the Ninetieth, Anno 734, and was buried in his Monaſtery, but afterwards his Body was tranſlated to Durham. Magn' Brit' vol 3d, p. 750.

NOR is it to be admired that he ſhould become ſo learned in his Monaſtery, for in former Ages the greater Monaſteries were like Univerſities, wherein not only Humanity, but all the Liberal Sciences, Philoſophy, and Divinity were taught; in the Year 697, he received Deacons Orders from the Hands of John Biſhop of Hexham afterwards called St. John of Beverley, and in the Year 706 he was ordained Prieſt by the ſame Biſhop.

AMONG the ſeveral Ways of accounting for his Epithet of Venerable, it has always been eſteemed the moſt pleaſing, though perhaps not the moſt true Account, of what is ſaid to have happened after his Death, viz. that one of his Scholars deſigning to make his Epitaph in Hexameter Verſe, which began thus, Hac ſunt in Foſſa, and was willing to make it end Presbiteri oſſa; But it would not do, at laſt being tired out he fell aſleep, and in the Morning to his great Surprize he found it ſtand thus,

Hac ſunt in Foſſa, Bedae venerabilis Oſſa.

Here lies entomb'd within theſe Stones,
Of Venerable Bede the Bones.

Portus Ecfridi ſinus qui a Tina ad Girwi penetrat. Penetrabat & interius uſque ad Bilton, pene tres Paſſ. millibus Super Girwi, quo Antiquitus & Naviculae pervenerunt. Fluviolus hunc ſinum intrat. ANNO Higbaldi 7. (viz. 788.) Dum Pagani portum Ecfridi Regis, hoe eſt Girwi, vaſtantes, monaſterium ad oſtium Tini amnis depraedentur, dux corum ibidem crudeli nece interiit. Leland's Collection, Vol. II. p. 328.

[175]In Engliſh thus.

Ecfrid's Haven is a Gulf which penetrates from the Tyne to Girwi. It penetrated alſo more inward as far as Bilton, almoſt 3000 Paces above Girwi, where alſo little Sloops or Ships formerly came. A Rivulet enters Gulf.IN the Seventh Year of Higbald, (viz. 788.) whilſt the Pagans laying waſte the Haven of King Ecfrid, that is Girvi [Jarrow] Pillage the Monaſtery at the Mouth of the River Tyne [Tinemouth], their General there ſuffered a cruel Death.

DUGDALE in his Monaſticon, ſpeaking of Jarrow Monaſtery, and of the Abbot St. Benedict allows venerable Bede to be educated by him, but compleated his holy Works und Ceolfrid: He ſays too, that this Monaſtery was ſo ruined by the Danes entering the Tyne, that ſcarce the Footſteps of it remained.

THIS Monaſtry was valued at the Suppreſſion at 38 l. 14 s. 4 d.

THERE are ſtill ſome Ruins of the Monaſtery to be ſeen, and upon the Church Wall, when and by whom founded, may be learnt from this Inſcription, which is legible to this Day in the Church Wall.

  • Dedicatio Baſilicae
  • S. Pauli VIII. K. L. Maii
  • Ann. XUI. Ecfridi Reg.
  • Ceofridi A BB. Ejuſdem (que)
  • Eccleſ. Deo Auctore
  • Conditoris Anno IIII.

NOW the great Churches when the ſaving Light of the Goſpel began to Shine abroad in the World (for it is not impertinent to note thus much) were called Baſilicae, becauſe the Baſilicae of the Gentiles, namely thoſe ſtately Buildings where the Magiſtrates held the Courts of Juſtice, were converted to Churches by the Chriſtians; whence Auſonius, Baſilica olim negotiis plena, nunc votis, i. e. the Baſilica full of Buſineſs heretofore, but now of Devotion or elſe, becauſe they were built in an oblong Form as the Baſilicae were.

IN the Inſcription the XUI ſhould be XU. for King Elfrid reigned no more than 15 Years; and ſo (indeed) Sir James Ware has given it in his Notes upon Bede's Hiſtory of the Abbots of Weremouth. But it ought not from this Inſcription to be inferred that Ceolfrid was the Founder of this Monaſtry, ſince it appears from Bede's Account, that he was only conſtituted firſt Abbot of the Place by Benedictus Biſcopus who ſent him hither (with a Colony of Seventeen Monks) from Weremouth. Cambden's Britan' p. 780 and 784.

IN this Church is to be ſeen a very ancient Chair which (Tradition ſays) was the Chair of venerable Bede.

THE preſent Vicar of Jarrow is the Rev. Mr. Robert Wilſon.

SOME Years ago, upon the Banks of the Tyne was diſcovered a Roman Altar, the Figure and Deſcription whereof take here as it was delivered to the Royal Society, by the ingenious and learned Dr. Liſter.

Figure 1. Fig. 1.
Figure 2. Fig. 5.
Figure 3. Fig. 2.
Figure 4. Fig. 3.
Figure 5. Fig. 4.

I have, ſays he, in his Letter to the Royal Society, with much Trouble, got into my Hands a Piece of Roman Antiquity, which was but a very few Years ago diſcovered upon the South-bank of the River Tyne, near Sheilds, in the Biſhoprick; it is a very large and fair Roman Altar, of one intire Stone; but after all my Coſt and Pains, I am very ſorry to find the Inſcription very ill defaced, and much of it is not legible, and I believe it has been alſo much miſhandled by thoſe who have endeavoured to read it; whereas if the Remainder of the Letters had been exactly meaſured, and the Face blacked, and lightly waſhed off again, as in Prints, ſome Things more might have been ſpelled.

As to the Nature of the Stone itſelf, it is of a coarſe Rag, the ſame with that of the Pyramids at Burrow-Briggs; it is four Foot high, and was aſcended to by Steps, which appeareth in all the Sides; but the Front has two Square-holes near the Bottom, which let in the Irons that joined it to the Steps.

I have carefully deſigned it on all its Sides, and given the Plan of the Top alſo, which if you pleaſe, we will ſurvey in Order.

1. THE Back-ſide, oppoſite to the Inſcription, on which is engraven in Baſs-Relief, a Flower-Pot, furniſhed I ſuppoſe, with what beſt pleaſed the [177] Stone-Cutter; for theſe Men needed not be more curious than the Prieſts themſelves, who were wont to make Uſe of Herbs next Hand, to adorn the Altars, and therefore Verbenae is put for any Kind of Herb; yet if we will have it reſemble any Thing with us, I think it is moſt like, if not truly Nymphaea, a known and common River Plant.

2. ONE of the Sides; which is ſomewhat narrower than the Front or Back, On this are engraved in Baſs-Relief, the cutting Knife (Ceceſpita) and the Ax (ſecuris); the Knife is exactly the ſame with that on the other Altar, formerly by me mentioned in the Philoſophical Collections of Mr. Hook; but the Ax is different, for here it is headed with a long and crooked Point, and there the Head of the Ax is divided into three Points.

3. The other Side, on which are engraved after the ſame Manner, an Eure (Urceolus) and a Ladle which ſerves for a Sympullum. This I call rather a Laddle than a Mallet, it being perfectly Diſh-wife, and hollow in the Middle, altho' Cambden is of another Opinion in that elegant Sculpt of the Cumberland Altar; and the very ſame Utenſil I have ſeen and noted on the Ickley Altar, which is yet extant at Middleton-Grange, near that Town; but the Stone which Cambden ſays ſupports a Pair of Stairs there (as at this Day it does in the very Road) is but an ill Copy of it, and not the Original.

4. THE Plan of the Top, which is cut in the Figure of a Baſon (Diſons or Lana) with Anſae on each Side, conſiſting of a Pair of Links of a Chain, which reſt upon, and fall over two Rowles; and this was the Hearth.

5. THE Front, which hath an Inſcription in nine Lines in Roman Letters, each Letter a little more than two Inches deep of our Meaſure, now remaining as in the prefixed Sculpture, Fig. 5. which I would read thus: Dis, Deabuſque Matribus, pro Salute M. Aurelii Antonii Auguſti Imperatoris votum ſolvit lubens merito ob reditum.

The Deae Matres are well interpreted by Seldon. It is much his Safety and Return both vowed, ſhould be ſo ſeparated in the Inſcription; but I have not Gruter by me, to compare this with the like. Caracalla ſay the Hiſtorians, Ziphilinus, Herodianus, &c. after his Father's Death at York, took upon him the Command of the Army alone, and the whole Empire; he went alone againſt the Enemy, who were the Caledonii, inhabiting beyond the Wall which his Father had built, he made Peace with them, received their Hoſtages, ſlighted their fortified Places, and returned. And this ſeems to be confirmed by the Inſcription; for undoubtedly, upon this laſt Expedition alone, without his Brother Gera and Mother, was this Altar erected to him alone, at a Place about two Stations on this Side the Wall; ſo that the Vow might be as well underſtood of his Return from this Expedition, as for his Saſety and Return to Rome, which methinks ſhould be true, or his Mother and Brother Geta would ſcarce have been left out, at leaſt ſo early, for yet the Army declared for them both, according to their Father's Will.

FURTHER, it ſeems alſo to have been erected by thoſe who flattered him, and who were afterwards killed by him; and for this Reaſon, the Perſons who dedicated it, ſeem to me to be Purpoſely defaced, the ſixth and ſeventh Lines of the Inſcription being deſignedly cut away by the Hollowneſs of them, and there not being the leaſt Sign of any Letter remaining. And this I ſuppoſe might be Part of their Diſgrace, as it was uſual to deface and break the Statues and Monuments of Perſons executed, of which this Monſter made ſtrange Havock; and ſince worn Inſcriptions admit of various Readings, becauſe ſome Letters are worn out, and ſome more legible, whereby unprejudiced People may conceive them diverſly; I will therefore tell you another reading, Part of theſe two firſt Lines, which I do not diſallow, but that it will agree well enough with the Hiſtory of Severus, tho' his Apotheoſis, or ſolemn [178] Dedication was not performed till he came to Rome, in the Manner of which funeral Pomp Herodian is very large; it was of that excellent Antiquary Dr. Johnſon of Pomfret.

CONSERVATO RI. B. PRO SAL. &c.

Which ſhews the Height of Flattery of thoſe Times; ſo that they paid their Vows to the lately dead Father the Conſervator of Britain, for the Safety of the Son: And the Story tells us, how gladly he would have had him made a God long before, even with his own Hands. Cambden Britan. in the Additions to Durham, p. 784.

BELOW this are the Towns of Shields, one on the North Side of the River, and the other on the South. That on the North Side in the Reign of Edward the 1ſt, (when the Conteſt was between the Town of Newcaſtle, and the Prior of Tinmouth) was a Place where only 5 or 6 Fiſherman had their Cottages, and it's but of late Years that it became a large Town and ſo populous. The Church-belonging to this Place was begun to be built in 1659.

SOUTH Shields is more famous for making Salt than North Shields, there being much the greater Number of Salt Pans; it is alſo a pretty large Town, and has a Church which going to decay, is about to be rebuilt. It is a Chapelry to Jarrow, and dedicated to St. Hilda.

WE come now to the Mouth of the River Tyne, which is a Haven ſo deep as to carry Veſſels of a conſiderable Burthen, and of that Security, that they are not in Danger either of Storms or Shallows, ſave that within leſs than half a Mile of the Bar of Tinmouth, (which is a Sand that lies croſs the River's Mouth, not above 7 Foot deep at Low-Water) you meet with many Rocks which are called by the Sailors the Black Middens, which are very dangerous, but to prevent any Miſchiefs which may happen to them in the Night Time, there are two Light-houſes, maintained by the Trinity-houſe in Newcaſtle, and near them in the Year 1672, was built a Fort, called Clifford's -Fort, which effectually commands all the Veſſels that enter the River.

LELAND in the 4th Volume of his Collections, gives us the following moſt valuable Remark of a Roman Station on the South Side of the Tyne, the Place of the Birth of King Oſwyn, for ſays he.

E Regione Tinemuthae ſuit Urbs vaſtata a Danis Urſa nomine, Ubi natus erat Oſwinus Rex.

TINMOUTH called by the Britains, Pen Ball Cragg. i. e. the Head of the Rampire upon the Rock, from whence ſome maintain, that the Ditch reached as far as this Place, if the Wall did not; Mr. Cambden ſays, that he will not gainſay this Opinion, but adds, that he dares confidently Affirm, that this Place in the Time of the Romans was called Tunacellum, which ſignifies as much as the Promontory of Tuna or Tina, where the firſt Cohort (called Aelia Claſſica, becauſe it was firſt raiſed by Aelius Hadrianus, as the Name ſeems to import) was in pay for Sea Service; for the Romans had their Naves Luſoriae, or light Frigates in their border Rivers both for the ſuppreſſing the Excurſions of the neighbouring Enemy, and making Incurſions upon him, as may be ſeen in the Codex Theodoſii, under the Title De Luſoriis Danubii, i. e. Light Veſſels on the Danube.

UNDER the Saxon Heptarchy this Place was called Tunaceltep, not as Bede affirms, from the Abbot Tunna, a mere romantick Story, which, if we recommend to the Reader, it muſt be only for his Diverſion, and not for any Truth in it, but from it's Situation on the River Tyne. Here was anciently [179] a little Monaſtery, which was frequently plundered by the Danes, while the Saxons ruled. Magn. Britan. p. 693.

AFTER the Deceaſe of Oſwyn, thoſe that had killed him brought his Body to the Mouth of the River Tyne, and there buried it in the Oratory of St. Mary's, in the Year 631.

IN this Place a Number of illuſtrious Perſons had gathered together, who in a regular Order attended divine Worſhip; who thereby acquired ſuch Honour and Eſteem, that when any one died of more than ordinary Reputation, whoſe Funeral was to be ſolemnized with more than common Honour, he was uſually buried here.

THIS Monaſtery was deſtroyed by Hinguar and Hubba. The Monks through Fear of Perſecution, fled to a certain little Church of their own, which St. Cuthbert had dedicated; but the Danes finding them out, burnt it and all that were in it.

AFTER that William the Conqueror had given to Robert Mowbray the County of Northumberland, the Earl ſhewed a deal of Reſpect to St. Oſwyn, and the Church he was buried in (for the Church was founded within the Precincts of his Caſtle). He gifted it with a Number of Lands, and placed in it Monks which came from St. Albans, and yet it is ſaid by ſome that Toſti Earl of Northumberland laid the Foundation of this Monaſtery; but it's much more probable it was the former, becauſe he brought the Monks from St. Albans; but it will appear a great deal more likely when we come to the following Grant or Charter of William Rufus, for making of it a Cell to Willielmus Rex Anglorum T. Archiepiſcopo & W. Dunelmenſi Epiſcopo, & omnibus Baronibus ſuis Francis & Anglis ſalutem. Sciatis me dediſſe & conceſſiſſe Deo & Sancto Albano Eccleſiam de Tynmotha & omnia quae ad eam pertinent in terris & Decimis & conſuetudinibus in Nort de Tyne & in Suth de Tyne, & in Anglia, cum omnibus quae Robertus Comes Northumberland, & ſui homines dederant ſancto Oſwino antiquam mihi ſoris factus eſſet. Et volo & precipio ut Sanctus Albanus habeat praedictam Eccleſiam cum omnibus ad eam pertinentibus cum pace & honore & omni conſuetudine jure perpetuo Teſtibus Eudone Dapifew, & P. de Valonis, apud Novum Caſtrum. St. Albans, becauſe that he ſays, cum omnibus quae Robertus Comes Northumberland & Homines ſui dederant ſancto Oſwino, &c.

KING Henry I. confirmed all that had been given to this Monaſtery, that is, what had been given by Robert Mowbray, namely, the Tythes of Colebridge, Ovington, Wylam, Newburn, Diſſington, Calverdon, Elſtwye, Bothall, Werkworth, Anebell, Roubyr, and Wullour.

DAVID King of Scots in a Charter dated in the Year 1138, granted to the Church of St. Mary and St. Oſwyn, the Martyr of Tynemouth, and all belonging thereto his Peace for ever, the Peace of his Son, and that of all his Servants, threatning all thoſe who ſhould act otherwiſe with the Loſs of his Favour for ever; on Condition the Religious of this Monaſtery prayed for the Souls of his Father and Mother, and of King Alexander his Brother, who to this Church had granted a firm Peace, and for the Soul of Matilda Queen of England, his Siſter, and for the Souls of all his Anceſtors and Succeſſors.

KING Henry II. gave to it Egleringham, Bewick and Lilleburn.

KING John confirmed to this Church all their Poſſeſſions, being the Town of Tinmouth, Seaton, Preſton, Chirton, and another Chirton, Millington, Whitley, Erdeſton, Backwell, and another Backwell, Seghal, Morton, Bebeſete, Diſſlington, and another Diſſlington, Wulſington, Bewick, Egelingham, Lilleburn, Anibel, Hovekſlaw, Eſtwick, Wylum, Weltedane, and Half the Town of Copun, Carleberry, and Morton in Haliwerkſtock, and the Land of Royely, and Demuni; alſo the Churches of Tinmouth, Wodeburn, Whalton, Bolum, Bewick, Egelingham, Kertburn, and Cuneſline; likewiſe Hereford upon Blyth, and the Tithe of Hyrenes, Middleton upon Theyſe, Corbigg, Rouber, Werkewuril, Wollour, and Newburn, with all the Mills.

THE Grant of Richard Bertram confirms the Grant of the Tithe of Bothal. [180] The Charter of King Edward III. reſtores and confirms to this Monaſtery all its Privileges, Immunities, and Poſſeſſions. Dugdale p. 42.

THIS Monaſtery being afterwards fortified, and turned into a ſtrong Hold, was called Tinmouth-Caſtle; which Name it ſtill bears, and as ſuch, glories both of its Statelineſs and Strength; (for as an ancient Author ſpeaks) it is inacceſſibly ſeated upon a very high Rock towards the Ocean on the Eaſt and North, and elſewhere, ſo well mounted, that a ſlender Garriſon may make it good. For this Reaſon, Robert Mowbray, Earl of Northumberland, when he practiſed with certain Noblemen to dethrone William Rufus (becauſe he had not rewarded him according to his Expectation, for ſlaying Malcom King of Scots, and his Son) but was ſet upon by the King before Things were ripe for Rebellion, choſe this Caſtle for his chief Hold, and maintained it for ſome Time againſt the King and his Forces; but being at length brought into great Straits by the Beſiegers (as Rebels ſeldom meet with Succeſs) he fled, and betook himſelf to the adjoining Monaſtery, which was accordingly commonly reputed an holy and inviolable Sanctuary; nevertheleſs he was carried off thence, and afterwards, in a long and noiſome Impriſonment, juſtly ſuffered Death for his Treaſon. Magn. Britan. Vol. 3. p. 694.

JOHN of Whethamſtede, thirty third Abbot of St. Albans, was ſo called from the Place of his Birth, a Village near St. Albans; but the Name of his Family was Boſtock; he was a Monk of the Priory of Tinmouth, and gave, after he came to be Abbot, a Chalice of pure Gold, and of great Weight, to that Priory; his Character can't be better drawn up, than in Stephen's Monaſticon, from whence we have this Account:

Contegit iſte lapis venerabilis oſſa Joannis
Wethamſtede, Abbas hic qui fuit ejus in annis,
Ter doctus, doctos & amans, &c.

That is: This Stone covers the Bones of the Venerable John Wethamſtede, who was Abbot here in his Time, moſt learned, a Lover of learned Men, and kind to them. He did not connive at any Faults in the Clergy; he was as zealous as Phineas againſt lewd Perſons, and as John againſt Adulterers, and even as Peter againſt Simoniacks. He was ſo great a Repairer of old tatter'd Houſes and Marks, that none paſt exceeded him in that Particular, or is there any equal to him. He is recorded to have left behind him Ten thouſand Marks clear. Do you the Convent of St. Albans hourly pray for the Soul of him that loved you.

THIS famous Monaſtery, which was of the Benedictines Order, and conſiſted of a Prior and fifteen Monks, was ſuppreſs'd Jan. 12th, in the 30th Henry VIII. It was valued at 397 l. 10 s. 5 d. per annum.

KING Henry VIII. converted the Caſtle into a Defence and Fortification againſt foreign Invaſions.

THE Ruins of the Monaſtery are ſtill to be ſeen in the Caſtle, near which alſo was the Pariſh-Church; but that being gone much to Decay, and the Pariſhioners in the late Civil Wars being often debarred of the Liberty of a free Reſort to it, another was begun to be re-built in the Year 1659; and being afterwards finiſhed, was conſecrated by Biſhop Coſins in the Year 1668. In the former Church we may ſuppoſe it was, where Malcom King of Scots, ſlain with his Son Edward Prince of Scotland, by Robert Mowbray Earl of Northumberland, was buried. This King Malcom had barbarouſly plundered and ravaged theſe Northern Parts five Times, once in Edward the Confeſſor's Days, twice in the Conqueror's, and twice in William Rufus's; in the laſt of which Invaſions he met with his Fate, by that juſt Providence, who often retaliates Wrongs in the Place they are done, as he found; for he was killed in this Country, where he had ſlain and deſtroyed many: But King [181] William did not proſecute his Revenge further, as he might have done with Succeſs, but eſtabliſhed his Son on his Throne, notwithſtanding the Endeavours and Deſign of his Uncle Donald to deprive him of it, which he had done, had not King William aided him to obtain it.

JOHN of Tinmouth was born in this Town, and is ſaid to have been the Vicar of it, but afterwards became a Benedictine Monk in the Abbey of St. Albans; he was a moſt virtuous Perſon, and excellently learned, entirely addicted to the Study of the Holy Scriptures, and of ſacred Hiſtory. He gathered the Lives and Actions of the Saints of England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland, with great Judgment and indefatigable Labour, which Work he entituled, Sanctilogium ſervorum Dei, i. e. The ſacred Hiſtory of the Servants of GOD. Nor did he deſerve leſs Commendation for his Expoſitions of the Holy Scripture, in which he not only explains the literal Senſe, but the moral, allegorical, and tropological; his Commentaries were upon all the Books from Geneſis to the Kings incluſive. He wrote alſo other Books, as Church-Leſſons, The Golden Hiſtory, and a Supplement to the ſame, an Appendix to his Martyrology, &c. He flouriſhed about the Year 1366.

THE Church has perhaps been a Building of as much Art and Curioſity, as any one in the whole Kingdom; nay, when we behold it at preſent, in the Midſt of Ruins, we are ſtruck with Aw, and the utmoſt Veneration; whether it is a Reflection on the extenſive Charity of ancient Days, the ſurprizing Fineneſs of the Maſonry, or whether there is ſomething naturally moving in thoſe ancient Remains; but ſo it is, that it never fails to command a ſolemn Aw, and a ſilent Commiſeration.

TINMOUTH at preſent is a pretty large Village, and is much reſorted to in the Summer-Seaſon, it having the Prior's Haven in it, which is a moſt convenient retired Place for Bathing.

CHAP. XIV. Of the Government of the Town.

[182]

WHATEVER Government was in this Town in the Times of the Saxons and Danes; it is certain, after the Conqueſt it was governed by Bailiffs; for tho' the Caſtle had Privileges of its own, yet it left thoſe of the Town as they were, and without any Damage, as ſhall by and by be ſhewn. In the mean Time let us conſider a few Things relating to this Place.

1066. TOSTON, Earl of Northumberland, Son of the great Earl Godwin, and Brother of Harold, having by his great Cruelties and many Acts of Injuſtice highly exaſperated the Northumbrians, they took up Arms againſt him, and expelled him Northumberland, in 1063, in the Reign of Edward the Confeſſor. Harold being ordered to go and chaſtize them, and reſtore his Brother, and underſtanding that they had no deſign of withdrawing their Obedience from the King, but only from an unjuſt and cruel Governour, who exerciſed over them a Tyrannical Power, he not only interceeded for their Pardon, but procur'd them Morkard, Son of Alfgar, Duke of Mercia, for their Governour. Toſton, highly incenſed at his Brother's Proceedings, and not having it in his Power to vent his Fury on him, he turned it on ſome of his Domeſticks, whom he cauſed to be cut in Pieces, then to be barrel'd up, and ſent to his Brother for a Preſent. After ſo barbarous an Action, not daring to ſtay any longer in England, he retired into Flanders to Earl Baldwin his Father-in-law. Upon Harold's being made King, after the Death of Edward, Toſton, in 1066, with ſome Ships, probably given him by the Earl of Flanders, infeſted the Engliſh Coaſts, and plunder'd the Iſle of Wight. From whence he went and landed ſome Troops at Sandwich; but being inform'd the King was marching towards him, he ſet ſail for the North, and entring the Humber with his little Fleet, he made a deſcent on Yorkſhire, and committed vaſt Ravages. But Morkard coming upon him unawares, being then got into Lincolnſhire, put his little Army to Flight, and compelled him to betake himſelf to his Ships: Being drove by contrary Winds on the Coaſts of Norway, he applied himſelf to Harold Harfager King of that Country, and by many Arguments repreſented to him how eaſy it was to conquer England, and add that Crown to his own. The King of Norway, whoſe Ambition was eaſily perſuaded by the other's Arguments, accompanied with Earl Toſton, put to [183] Sea with a Fleet of 500 Sail, and entered the Tyne. After having ſack'd the Countries on both Sides the Tyne, they put to Sea, and entring the Humber, landed their Forces on the North Side, and ravag'd the Country with iriexpreſſible Cruelties. Harold march'd againſt them with all the Expedition poſſible, and came up with them at Stanford-bridge, on the River Derwent, a little below York. Here a moſt bloody Battle was ſought, which laſted from ſeven in the Morning 'till three in the Afternoon, wherein Harfager and Toſton were both ſlain, and Harold obtain'd a compleat Victory. This Battle was fought October 5th, 1066, but nine Days before the Battle at Haſtings. Vide Malmſbury and M. Paris.

WILLIAM the Conqueror laid waſte the whole Province of Northumberland. Sax. Chron. p. 174.1069

MALCOLME, King of Scots, came into England with a great Army,1079 and laid waſte the Land of the Northumbrians, as far as the River Tyne, and ſlew many Hundreds of Men; and carried of them to their Own Country a great deal of Riches and Treaſure, beſide Captives. Gib. Sax. Chron. p. 180.

THE Caſtle was founded as has been before obſerved by Robert the Son of the Conqueror.1080

ROBERT Mowbray Earl of Northumberland, revolting againſt King William Rufus, the King went and beſieged him in Banborrough Caſtle.1095 Sometime after, Mowbray going out upon a falſe Information, had the Misfortune to fall into the Hands of the Beſiegers. Odericus Vitalis ſays, Some Soldiers belonging to Newcaſtle upon Tyne promis'd to give him Entrance into that Town, if he would come thither privately with a few Followers. Upon which he went out one Night with 30 Soldiers, but being betrayed by his own Men, was purſued and taken by the Garriſon of Malvoiſin, i. e. bad Neighbour, being a Fortreſs built by the King near Banborrough, and ſo called by him, becauſe it took away all Poſſibility of throwing any Succours into the Caſtle.

IN this King's Reign, Malcolme III. King of Scotland, came to Glouceſter to the King, to commune with him about ſundry Matters, that related to the Peace of both Realms; but not being received and entertained in the pompous Manner he expected; he returned into his own Nation in Diſpleaſure, and immediately getting his Army together, entred England, and deſtroyed the Country as far as Alnwick Caſtle, which he beſieged and ſo ſtraightned, that it was upon the very Point of Surrendering; a Soldier having promiſed to deliver up the Keys upon the Top of his Spear, which while he pretended to do, he ſtabbed the King with it. At the ſame Time Robert Mowbray, Earl of Northumberland, lay in Ambuſh for the Return of the Scots, who upon the Loſs of their King, leſt the Siege, and being going homeward fell into the Ambuſh, and were many of them ſlain, and amongſt them Edward Prince of Scotland. Thus did Providence revenge upon King Malcolme, the many Ravages and Cruelties he had exerciſed upon the Engliſh, in this King's, his Father's, and the Confeſſor's Reign. He was buried at Tinmouth, and his Son by the Aid of William Rufus obtained his Throne. Magn' Britan. Vol. III. p. 623.

AGAS, Mother to Margaret, Queen of Scotland, and Chriſtian, her Siſter, became Nuns at Newcaſtle upon Tyne, after that King Malcolme was killed at Alnwick.

WILLIAM King of Scots entred into England, having many Flemings with him, and won the Caſtles of Appelby and Burgh, and after he won Prudehow Caſtle, Robert de Stoteville, Randolph de Mandeville, Bernard Baliol, (of whom Bernard's Caſtle took it's Name) and William de Veſy, came to Newcaſtle, and took King William Priſoner, and ſent him to London; and King Henry took William with him into Normandy, and impriſoned him in Roan.

[184]KING William was afterwards delivered at York for the Ranſom of 4000 l. — Souldiers of the King's going with him again towards Scotland, fought with the Commons of the Town of Newcaſtle at the Very Bridge for certain Diſpleaſures; and there was Sir John Perith, Knt. ſlain, and other Eſquires belonging to the Conſtable and Marſhal. Leland's Coll. Vol. II. p. 531, 532, 533, 550.

1136IN the Second Year of King Stephen, many of the Engliſh out of hatred to him ſecretly invited David King of Scotland, to revenge the Injuries done to the Empreſs Matilda, who was his Neice, and to whoſe Succeſſion both Stephen himſelf, and he, had ſworn in the Reign of her Father, Henry the firſt, upon which David ſuddenly invaded the Frontiers, and as the Chronicle of Mailroſs acquaints us, miſerably waiſted all Northumberland, and took both Carliſle and Newcaſtle, which he filled with Garriſons. Againſt thoſe King Stephen marched with a powerful Army; and concerning this War, there are divers Reports, yet all agree, that in no long Time, a Peace was concluded, by which David ſtill enjoy'd Carliſle, and his Son Henry the Earldom of Huntington, for which he did Homage to King Stephen; but his Father refuſed to do the ſame, alledging, that he had already given his Faith to the Empreſs Matilda. Eachard.

Oct. 25th, 1154, the King dy'd, and was ſucceeded by Hen. II.

1156THIS King made at Cheſter a very Advantageous Treaty with Malcolm, King of Scotland, who yielded up to him Carliſle, Newcaſtle upon Tyne, and Bamborough-Caſtle, reſting ſatisfied with the Earldom of Huntington, which Prince Henry his Father had held. Paris. Hovden. The Reſtitution of theſe Places, ſays Rapin, was doubtleſs no more than what was juſt; ſince David, Grandfather to Malcolme, had cauſed them to be adjudg'd to him by Treaties, at a Time when Stephen minded more his own private Intereſt, than the publick Good of the Kingdom; but in all Appearance, Henry's great Power contributed more than any Thing elſe to the bringing the King of Scotland, to this Temper.

AFTER theſe Things, we meet with ſome Accounts of this Place; for we are told, that King Henry II. confirm'd their Eſtates to them, and exempted them from Tolls and Duties: It is therefore a Miſtake in ſome, who ſay, the Town had no Privileges till the Reign of King John. And beſides, in the third of King John's Reign, which was above ten Years before the Town had a Charter from that King, the Town had great Privileges; for the Men of Newcaſtle upon Tyne (as is mentioned in that Year in the great Roll of Northumberland) paid 100 Marks and 2 Palfreys: So having the Town in their Hands by the old Farm, to wit (as is there ſaid) 50 l. and 10 s. of Increaſe, for Confirmation of their Liberties, which they had by the Charter of Henry the King's Father. De reb. Novocaſt.

1173IN the Controverſy between King Henry II. and his ungrateful Son Henry, Roger Mowbray and Hugh Bigot procured William King of Scots to invade England; upon which the Scots King laid Siege to Carliſle; but not taking it in ſo ſhort a Time as he expected, he paſt into Northumberland, which (as the Mailroſs Chronicle inform us) he deſtroy'd in a great Meaſure, and butcher'd Numbers of its Inhabitants. After this he ſat down before Alnwick, with a Deſign to take it; in the mean Time, Robert de Stateville, Ralph Glanvel, William Veſy, Bernard Baliol, and Ordinet Umfreville, who lay then at Newcaſtle with a Force of 400 Men, heard that the Scots King beſieged this Town; whereupon they reſolved to try the Chance of War, and raiſe the Siege; but before they could arrive there, the Scots King deſpairing to take it, broke up the Siege, and ſuffer'd his Men to plunder the open Country. Whilſt they were doing this, the Engliſh came ſuddenly upon them, and after a ſhort Reſiſtance, took the King of Scots himſelf, and ſome others, and returned to Newcaſtle with a triumphant Joy. Mag. Brit. Vol. 3. p. 624.

[185]THE King dy'd July 6th, and was ſucceeded by his Son Richard. 1189

HUGH de Pudſey Biſhop of Durham, 1192 created Earl of Northumberland, the 8th of that Honour.

THIS Biſhop died March the 3d.1195

PHILIP de Pictavia, or of Poitiers, a Favourite of King Richard, 1195 was elected in his Stead, December 30th, 1195, and was this Year, May the 12th, conſecrated by the Pope.

ON April the 6th, the King died, and was ſucceeded by his Brother John. 1199

PHILIP Biſhop of Durham died;1207 he was a great Heartner of the King againſt the Pope, for which the Pope excommunicated him, together with the King. He died before he was abſolv'd, April 22d. This Biſhop by the Licence of King Richard, ſet up a Mint at Durham 1196, and began to coin Money.

KING John commanded William King of Scots, 1209 to meet him at Newcaſtle, and they met each other at Boyelton. Then the King of Scots went on, and the King of England came as far as Norham; and in going and returning, bore his own Expences at Alnwick. A little after they both came to Newcaſtle, where they had a Conference; but they parted, without doing the Buſineſs they came about.

THIS King in the 14th Year of his Reign,1212 granted and confirmed to the Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, and to their Heirs, the Town and all Things belonging to it, to Fee-farm (on Condition that they paid him and his Heirs an hundred Pounds per annum, viz. at Eaſter 50 l. and the other 50 at the Feaſt of St. Michael) except the Rents, Prizes, and Leaſes, in the Part of the ſaid Town, which he reſerved for himſelf. He Praetere conceſſimus eis, & charta noſtra confirmamus pro nobis & haeredibus noſtris centum & decem ſolid. &c. ad dividendum & aſſignandum illis qui reditus ſuos amiſerunt occaſione Foſſati & novae Operationis factae ſubter Caſtrum verſus aquam, &c. Lib. Cart. p. 1. alſo granted to them an hundred and ten Shillings and Sixpence of Rent of Eſcheat, to be divided amongſt thoſe People who loſt their Rents, on account of the Ditch and the new Work, which was carried on under the Caſtle towards the River. This was order'd to be ſo divided, that they were to receive of it in Proportion to their Loſs; thoſe who had received the greater Loſs, were to receive more; and thoſe leſs, who had leſs Damage.

THE ſame Charter alſo exempts the good Men of the Town of Newcaſtle from the Power of the Sheriff or Conſtable, in Matters relating to themſelves. He gave them alſo many other Immunities and Privileges for their faithful Services to him (as his Charter to them expreſſes) among which this was one, that no Burgeſs of the Town of Newcaſtle ſhould be ſeized without the ſaid Burgh for the Non-payment of any Dobt, unleſs he was the capital Debtor.

ALEXANDER King of Scots with his whole Army, on the 17th Calends of November, began to beſiege Norham-Caſtle;1215 they continu'd the Siege 40 Days, and then returned Home re inſectâ.

15 KALENDS this ſame King took Homage of the Barons of Northumberland at Felton, which was ſo reſented by the King,1216 that he came with an Army, and waſted Northumberland with Fire and Sword, and ſome of the Southern Parts of Scotland. On the 3d of the Ides of January, he burnt the Village of Werk, on the 5th he burnt Alnwick; on the 7th he burnt Mitford and Morpeth; on the 17th Kalends of February, he burnt Roxburgh, &c. Chron. de Mailroſs.

THIS Year the King died, after a very troubleſome Reign, and was ſucceeded [186] in the Throne by Henry his eldeſt Son, who was only nine Years old when he was crown'd at Glouceſter, which was on October the 3d.

Henry III.THE See of Durham was long void after the Death of Philip; but Richard de Mariſco, 1217 Lord Chancellor of England, Dean of Salisbury, and Archdeacon of Northumberland, an old Courtier, was this Year thruſt into the See by Gualo the Pope's Legate, and conſecrated by the Archbiſhop of York, June 22.

1226He died at Peterborrow-Abbey May the 1ſt, as he was travelling to London.

1228 RICHARD Poor, Biſhop of Salisbury, was tranſlated to Durham; he was a Man of rare Learning in thoſe Times, and of notable Integrity for his Life and Converſation. Being apprehenſive of his Death, he preached to his People, and acquainted them with it for 2 Days together, and then ſetting his Houſe in order he went to his Prayers; and as Mat. Paris tells us, when he came unto theſe Words, in pace in id ipſum Dormiam & Requieſcam, he gave up the Ghoſt. He dy'd April 15, 1237.

1234THE King confirmed to the Burgeſſes of this Town, whatſoever had been granted to them by his Father King John. His Charter to them is dated at Weſtminſter, July the 2d.

1236THE King of England and Alexander King of Scots had a Conference at Newcaſtle. Chron. de Mailros.

1239THE King by his Letters Patents under the Great Seal of England, dated at Weſtminſter, Dec. 1, upon the Good Men of the Town of Newcaſtle's Supplication, gave them Licence to dig Coals and Stones in the Common Soil of that Town, in the Place called Caſtlefield and the Frith.

THIS King was petitioned again by the Burgeſſes of this Place, to grant them all the Stones and Coals belonging to the Frith, which was granted them.

1241 NICHOLAS de Farnham made Biſhop of Durham.

1244AT this Time there were in the Court of England many ſeditious Perſons, who endeavoured to break the Peace of the 2 Siſter Kingdoms, particularly one Walter Biſſet, who infuſed the Poiſon of Diſſention into the Breaſt of King Henry, and the Lord Ingelram, whoſe Daughter Alexander King of Scots, had married. The Chron. de Mailros. King of England had got as far as this Town with his Army and the King of Scots as far as Pontiſland with his Army. But they came to no Battle: For at the Inſtance chiefly of the Archbiſhop of York, and ſome of the Nobility, a Peace was agreed upon at Newcaſtle upon Tyne, on the Eve of the Aſſumption. Before we leave this, it muſt not be forgot what Rapin takes Notice of, that Alexander ſubmitted to the ſame Homage, that he himſelf and his Anceſtors had paid, and a good Underſtanding between the two Kings was perfectly reſtor'd. Before they parted, a Marriage was agreed upon between Alexander's eldeſt Son of the ſame Name with himſelf, and Margaret, Henry's eldeſt Daughter.

The King's Letter upon it.

REX omnibus, &c. Salutem. — Noverit Univerſitas veſtra quòd Sacramentum, quod dilectus Frater & Fidelis noſter Richardus Comes Pictaviae & Cornubiae fecit apud Novum Caſtrum ſuper Tinam, pro pactionibus, inter nos & Regem Scotiae; factis, ibidem confirmandis, idem Comes praedictum Sacramentum fecit per praeceptum noſtrum. Et ei firmiter praecipimus quod dictum ſacramentum ſuum inviolabiliter obſervet. Teſte Rege apud Novum Caſtrum ſuper Tinam, 13 die Auguſti. Rymer Foeder. Tom. 1. p. 429.

[187]THE Tyne Bridge and a great Part of the Town was burnt. Mat. Paris. 1248.

NICHOLAS Farnham obtain'd Licence of the Pope to reſign his Biſhoprick.1249.

WALTER de Kirkham made Biſhop in his Room.1250.

MAYORS and BAILIFFS.

Anno Chriſti.Mayors.Bailiffs.
Henry III. 1251.Petrus Scott
  • Hen. de Karle
  • Tho. de Merchingle
  • Steph. de Lindeſey
  • Robt. de Galeſmith

    This Year the Town of Newcaſtle had it's firſt Mayor, viz. Peter Scott. The Word Mayor ſignifies the chief Magiſtrate of a City. It was anciently called Meyr, from the Britiſh Word Miret, i. e. Cuſtodire to keep or protect. Richard I. Anno 1189, chang'd the Bailiffs of London into a Mayor. The Bailiffs of this Town were not changed 'till this Year. The 1ſt Mayor, Sir Peter Scott, was a very wealthy Perſon. He was the Founder, together with his Son, Sir Nicholas Scott, of the Monaſtery of the Black-Fryers, in this Town.

1252.The ſame.The ſame.
1253.The ſame.
  • Henry de Karle
  • Tho. de Karle
  • Roger de Finctor
  • Adam Clircus
1254.Hen. Carleiol.
  • Robert de Waletus
  • Tho. de Carleol
  • Nich' de Wainford
  • Nicholas Scott
1255.The ſame.
  • Richard de Layhaye
  • Barthol' Clircus
  • Tho. de Karle, Jun'
  • Walter de Ponte
1256.The ſame.The ſame.
1257.The ſame.
  • Nich. Scot
  • Adam Clircus
  • Tho. de Murchingle
  • Johan. Sant
1258.The ſame.The ſame.
1259.The ſame.
  • Tho. de Karle
  • Joan. Withowle
  • Ada. de Blagedene
  • John Sant
1260.The ſame.The ſame.
Walter de Kirkham Biſhop of Durham dy'd in the Month of Auguſt. He was Biſhop 11 Years, and was ſucceeded by Robert Stichell.
1261.The ſame.The ſame.
1262.The ſame.
  • Ada. Clircus
  • Ada. de Blagedene
  • Nich. Scott
  • William Tunock
1263.The ſame.The ſame.
This Year a Blazing Star appeared, and continued for the Space of three Months. In a Charter dated the 49th of Henry III. we have an Account that the Town's Seal was impreſs'd upon Green-Wax, and that the Inſcription was, SVP TINAM COMMVNE SIGILLVM NOVI CASTRI. * Smith, M. S.
1264.Tho. Carleol
  • Rob. Mitford
  • Joannes de Flemming
  • Hen. de Scott
  • Hen. de Burneton.
1265.The ſame.The ſame.
1266.The ſame.The ſame.
1267.The ſame.
  • Joan. Filius Rogeri
  • John Flemming
  • Hen. Scot
  • Hen. de Burton
1268.The ſameThe ſame.
1269.Nich. Scott
  • Hen. de Karle
  • Ada. de Blagedene
  • Tho. de Karle
  • Tho. de Karle Jun.
1270.The ſameThe ſame.
1271.Tho. de Karle
  • Hug. de Merchingle
  • Robert de Lindſay
  • Tho. de Karle Jun.
The King died this Year, and Prince Edw. who was juſt return'd from the Holy Land was crowned in Auguſt following.
1272.
The ſameThe ſame.
Edward I. 1273.The ſame.
  • Hugo de Merchingle
  • Hen. de Burneton
  • Tho. de Jun'
  • Rob. de Lindiſay
Robert Stichell, Biſhop of Durham died Auguſt the 4th, and was ſucceeded the ſame Year byRobert de Inſula.
1274
The ſame.
  • John de Flemming
  • Jo. Santmarays
  • Ad. de Blagedene
  • Rich. de Lay-hay
Great Earthquakes, Lightnings and Thunderings with a Blazing Star, and a Comet in the Appearance of a great Dragon, which made many Men afraid. Town's Liſt.
1275
Joan. filius Rogeri
  • Rob. de Mitford
  • Joan. de Darnton
On St. Nicholas Even were great Earthquakes, Lightnings, and Thunder, with a great Dragon and a blazing Star. No doubt, this was the ſame mentioned in the year before.
1276
Tho. de Carliolo
  • Joan. fil. Rog.
  • Henricus Scot
1277.Tho. Karle
  • William
  • Tho de Karle Jun.
  • Hen. Scot.
1278.Joan. filius Rog.
  • Hug. de Merchingle
  • Ro. de Lindeſey
  • Joannes le Flemmyng
1279.Tho. de Karle
  • Rich. de Hay
  • Hen. de Burneton
  • Hugo de Merchingle
  • Rich. fil. Rogeri
This year, Sep. the 18th the King gave Leave to the Black-Fryers [...] this Town, to make the LittLe-gate, called the Gate of the Warden's-Cloſe, in the Town-Wall. Vide Chap. Town-Wall.
1280
Joan. fil. Rogeri
  • Rich. de Lay-hay
  • Hen. de Burneton
  • Joan. Flemmyng
  • Joan. Gadrick
1281.Joan. fil. Rog. miles
  • Robt. de Mitforde
  • Rich. fil. Rogeri
  • Robt. de Lindſey
  • Johan. le Scot.
1282.Robert' Mitford
  • Jo. de Blamarge
  • Joan. de Lindſaye
  • Adam de Pampdon
  • Joan. le Scot
Robert de Inſula, Biſhop of Durham, died June the 13th, and was ſucceeded by Anthony Beake, whom the Pope made Patriarch of Jeruſalem.
1283
W. de Hawkwell
  • Tho. de Witham
  • William de Ogle
  • Joan. de Heyton
1284.The ſame.
  • Joan. Flands
  • Joan. le Eſchot
  • Ad. de Pampeden
  • Ro. de Lindeſay
1285.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame
1286.Hen. le Scot
  • Joan. Flemmyng
  • Hugh de Carliol
  • Joan. le Scot
  • Hen. de Le
1287.Hen. Scot.
  • Joan de Blagedene
  • Peter. Draper
  • Tho. de Tindale
  • Joan. Surreys
1288.The ſame.
  • Joan. Flemming
  • Rich. fil. Rogeri
  • Jo. le Scot
  • Hug. de Carle
    So hot a Summer that many died with the Extremity of the Heat.
1289.The ſame.
  • Tho. de Tindale
  • Petr. Draper
  • Hen. de Karle
  • William de Ogle
    Great hail fell in England which raiſed the Price of Wheat in particular from 5 d. a Buſhel to 16 d. and ſo it increaſed yearly, 'till at laſt it was ſold for xx s. a Quarter.
1290.The ſame.The ſame.
1291.Hugo de Carliol
  • Roger Tunnock
  • Pet. Sampſon
    The King baniſh'd the Jews and gave them wherewith to bear their Charges, 'till they were out of the Kingdom. The Number was 15009 Perſons.
  • Hen. le Hay
  • Alex. le —
1292.Hugo de Carliol
  • Joan. de Surreys
  • Wm. de Ogle.

    After King Edward I. had determined the Right to the Crown of Scotland to be in John Baliol, Baliol was crown'd at Scone with the uſual Formalities, and all the Scotch Lords took their Oath to him, except Robert Bruice, who was abſent. Which done, he came to Newcaſtle upon Tyne, and did there, on the 26th of December, Homage to King Edward: ‘My Lord Edward King of England, ſuperiour Lord of the Kingdom of Scotland; I John King of Scotland, become your Liege Man for the whole Kingdom of Scotland, with it's Appurtenances; which Kingdom I claim, hold, and ought of Right to hold, for me and my Heirs, Kings of Scotland, Hereditarily of you and your Heirs, Kings of England, and ſhall bear Faith to you, and your Heirs, Kings of England, of Life and Limb, and terrene Honour againſt all Men. Rapin. & compleat Hiſt. of Eng. V. 1. p. 195.

    Upon this Occaſion the King wrote the following Letters at this Town.

    REX & ſuperior Dominus Regni Scotiae, venerabilibus in Chriſto patribus, Wet R. Sancti Andrea & Glaſguen, Epiſcopis, & Dilectis & fidelibus ſuis Johanni Comyn, Jacobo Seneſcallo Scotiae, & Briano filio Alani, nuper Cuſtodibus praedicti Regni Scotiae, Salutem.

    Mandamus vobis quos omnes Rotulos de placitis & querelis quibuſcunque coram vobis habitis & placitatis de Tempore quo nos ad hoc deputarimus in eodem Regno dilecto & fideli noſtro J. Regi Scotiae ſine dilatione Liberatis, & hoc nullatenus omittatis. In cujus, &c.

    Teſte Rege apud Novum Caſtrum ſuper Tynam, quarto die Januarii. Rym. Foed. Tom. 2. p. 602.

    REX & ſuperior Dominus Regni Scotiae, dilecto & Fideli ſuo Waltero de Huntercumbe Cuſtodi Terrae de Man, Salutem.

    Quia de gratia noſtra ſpeciali, Reddidimus dilecto & fideli noſtro Johanni Baliolo, Regi Scotiae, talem ſeiſinam Terrae de Man, cum pertinentiis qualem Alexander ultimus Rex Scotiae anteceſſor ſuus, cujus Haeres ipſe eſt, habuit de eadem terra, die quo obiit.

    Salvo jure noſtro, & alterius cujuſcun (que) & ſalvis nobis & Haeredibus noſtris, exitibus, Wardis Maritagiis, Releviis, Eſchaetis Finibus, Amerciamentis, arreragiis firmarum & Reddituum, quae tempore feiſinae noſtrae ejuſdem terrae acciderunt.

    Et Salvis nobis & Haeredibus noſtris cognitionibus placitorum & Articulorum Quorumcun (que) de Ballivis & miniſtris ibidem de tempore praedicto, una cum cognitione Tranſgreſſionis, impoſitae Duncano de Maleſly, & Judiciorum ſuper iiſden reddendorum executionibus.

    Et ſimiliter quod omnia judicia Seifinae noſtro tempore, per Ballivos & miniſtros noſtros, in eadem terra reddita, teneantur, & executioni demandentur.

    Vobis Mandamus, quatenus praeſato Regi ſeiſinam terrae praedictae; cum ſuis pertinentiis, in forma praedicta, liberari faciatis; ſalvo jure noſtro & alterius cujuſcun (que) Teſte Rege apud Novum Caſtrum ſuper Tynam, quinto die Januarii.

  • Samp. le Cuttellns
  • Walter de Cowgate
1293.The ſame.The ſame.
1294.Hugo de
  • Robertus de Mitford
  • Tho. de Whickham
  • William de Ogle
  • Joannes de Heaton
1295.Hugo de Carleolo
  • Joan de Surties
  • Sampſ. de Carleolo
  • William de Ogle
  • Walter de Cowgate

After King Edward had declared War againſt Scotland, he advanced to Newcaſtle, and made it the chief Rendezvous of his Forces. Rapin. The Story at large is this. King John of Scotland having in Contempt of King Edward diſſeiſed Magdulph Earl of Fife, and impriſon'd him; Magdulph complain'd to King Edward, who order'd King John to appear before him; but upon this Summons he appeared not. Upon this the King ſent out a ſecond Writ, ordering him to appear before him 15 Days after Michaelmas, which was obey'd. Being come before him, he ſeem'd not ſo ſenſible of the King's Superiority, as he had been before; which was judged a Contempt and Diſobedience, and that three of his principal Caſtles in Scotland ſhould be ſeized. But before the Pronunciation of the Sentence, He came before the King and his Council, and made Supplication to the King with his own Mouth; the King receiving this, with the Advice of his Council, and the Conſent of Magdulph, granted his Prayer, and gave him Day untill his Parliament after Eaſter. But that Parliament was not holden that Day; however the Suit between the King of Scots and, Magdulph was continued, and prorogued to the next Parliament, which was ſummoned to be holden at St. Edmund's-Bury, on the Feaſt of St. Martin in the Winter, in the year 1295.

The Day being come, the King was preſent, and Magdulph ſtrenuouſly proſecuted his Plea. But the King of Scotland inſtead of appearing in Perſon, ſent the Abbot of Abirbrothock, and other Noblemen of that Kingdom, with not only frivolous excuſes, but to demand Satisfaction of King Edward for many and great Injuries, Oppreſſions, and Grievances, ſuſtained by the Scots from his Subjects. King Edward 's Anſwer was, That for certain Cauſes he was coming toward the North Parts, and that the King of Scots ſhould then have ſufficient Recompence to his own Content. And then appointed him a Day to meet him at Newcaſtle upon Tyne, viz. The 1ſt day of March next following, and ordered the Abbot and thoſe with him, to give Notice to their King that he ſhould then perſonally appear. In the mean Time the King had certain Intelligence that the King of Scots with his Prelates, Earls, Barons, &c. had entred into a Confederacy with France; ſo that the King of England upon this Account alſo, toward the Time appointed prepared for his Journey to Newcaſtle, and ſent before him the Abbot of Newminſter and Wellebeck to the King of Scots, to give him Notice of the Adjournment and Time of his coming.

On the 1ſt of March, 1296, the King was at Newcaſtle, and ſtaid there many Days, expecting the King of Scots; he came not; the King of England removed nearer to Scotland, and came to Bamburgh, where he alſo ſummon'd him and expected him: He neither came, nor ſent to excuſe himſelf, but returned the Homage and Fealty for Himſelf and all his Kingdom to King Edward, by an Inſtrument or Writing, and defied him. After this he ſummon'd him again, but he would not appear; nay inſtead of that they proceed to Arms, enter England, plunder, burn, waſte, kill and deſtroy wherever they come.

To obviate theſe Inſolencies, and chaſtiſe them according to their Deſerts, King Edward entred Scotland on Wedneſday in Eaſter Week, beſieged and took Berwick Caſtle with a great Slaughter of the Scots; from thence he ſent Part of his Army to reduce the Caſtle of Dunbarr, lately revolted, which was done, by the Death and Deſtruction of a great many Scots. Ten thouſands, ſays my Author, ſeven Barons, an hundred Knights, and thirty one Eſquires were taken in the Caſtle; the Army coming to relieve it, Twenty two thouſand of them were ſlain. From thence King Edward marched to Edinburgh, which Caſtle he took in eight Days. From thence he marched to Sterlin, where the King of Scots, and many of his great Men, ſent to beg his Mercy. He order'd them to meet him ſome few Days after at Brechin, where they ſubmitted to his Mercy and Favour, without making any Terms or Conditions whatever.

This done, King Edward cauſed the Stone uſed by the Kings of Scotland as a Throne, to be brought to Weſtminſter, appointed John Warren Earl of Surrey and Suſſex, Governour of Scotland, Hugh de Creſſingham, Treaſurer, and William Ormsby, Juſticiary, ſent King John Baliol to the Tower of London, where he was decently attended; and the Noblemen of Scotland, which he brought into England, were forbidden to paſs the River Trent, under forfeiture of their Heads. Brady. Contin. Hiſt. Eng. p. 38.

1296
  

The Scots deſpiſing their Oaths of Homage and Fealty enter'd England, Burning and waſting the Country, ſtaying the People, and deſtroying all before them, upon which the King ſent his Summons to 200 Earls, Barons, Knights, Abbots and others, to be ready at Newcaſtle upon Tyne on St. Nicholas Day, or the 6th of December, with their Service of Horſe and Arms to go with his Son againſt the Scots, to ſuppreſs their Rebellion, and deſend his own Kingdom. Brad. Contin. p. 61.

This year dy'd at Newcaſtle upon Tyne, William Heron, Son of John Heron, who in the 32d Hen. III. was conſtituted Governour of Bamburgh Caſtle; and ſoon after of the Caſtles of Pickering, and Scarborough in Yorkſhire. He held a Barony in the County of Northumberland by the Service of one Knight's Fee, as his Anceſtors had done ſince the Conqueſt.

1297
Joan. Scot
  • Tho. de Tindale
  • William de Ogle
  • J. fil. Ad. de Blagdene
  • Pet. Draper.
1298.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.

The Scots under the command of William Wallas, and Robert Bruice, laid Waſte all Northumberland; then went to Carliſle; but the Inhabitants knowing their Deſign before, had ſo fortified themſelves, that they could not Maſter them; then they went to Newcaſtle, where they pull'd down and burnt the Town. Which Compliment was return'd much about the ſame Time, by Robert Clifford, who at the Head of ſome People of the Dioceſſes of Durham and Carliſle went another Way into Scotland, as far as Roxburgh, and laid all Waſte before him. Polyd. Virg. pag. 340.

1299.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.

King Edwardus Dei Gratia Rex Angliae, &c. Sciatis quod dedimus, &c. dilectis Burgenſibus & probis hominibus Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam omnes terras & Tenementa cum pertinentibus in Pampeden in Byker juxta praedictam villam Novicaſtri, &c. & quod praedicta Villa Novicaſtri & terra & tenementa praedicta in Pampeden de caetero ſint unus Burgus, &c. Edward the 1ſt in a Charter dated at York on the 20th Day of December, in the 27th Year of his Reign, granted to the Burgeſſes and good Men of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, the Town of Pampeden, that it and Newcaſtle might ever after become one Town.

There is in this Charter mention made of one Robert de Byker and Laderane his Wife, they ſeem to have been People of great Figure at this Time of Day, probably they were Lord and Lady of the Mannor of Byker, and had their Town's Houſe in or near that Part of Pandon, called Byker Chare. They had Lands in Pandon in Byker, which they gave to the Crown, which Lands at the Incorporation of the two Towns juſt now mentioned, were annexed by the King as Part and Parcel of Newcaſtle.

1300.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.
1301.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.
1302.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.
1303.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.
1304.Peter Graper.
  • Nich. de Carliol
  • Richard de Emeldon
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • Joan. Corane
1305.Peter Graper.
  • Nich. Scott
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • Nich. de Carleol
  • William de Oggle
1306.Rich. de Emeldon
  • Nich. Scott
  • William de Oggle
  • Adam. de Gallowaie
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
    The King died July the 7th, and in the Feb. following his Son Edward was crown'd.
Edward II. 1307.The ſame.
  • de Acton
  • William de
  • Adam —
  • Tho. Friſmariſco
1308.Nich. de Carliol
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • Tho. de Tindale
  •  
  • Ad. de Dunelm
    This was probably Adam of Durham, who founded the Chantry of St. Thomas the Martyr, in St. John's Church, in the year 1319.
1309.The ſame.
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • Tho. de Tindale.
  • Gilbert de Flemming
  • Ad. de Dunelm
    Duns-Scotus died a miſerable Death, being taken with an Apoplectic Fit, and too haſtily buried. He was a Northumbrian born, and took upon him at Newcaſtle the Habit of St. Francis. Vile Franciſcan Fryers.
1310.The ſame.
  • Tho. de Carliol
  • Tho. de Tindale
  • Gilbert Flemming
  • Adam de Dunelm
1311.Rich. Emeldon
  • Th. fil. Hu. de Carliol
  • Ad. de Dunelm
    Anthony Beake Biſhop of Durham dyed March the 28th and was ſucceeded by Richard Kellow.
  • Th. de Friſmariſco

The Lords and other great Men of the Realm being highly provok'd at the Pride and Inſolence of Pierce Gaveſton, the King's great Favourite, whom he had rais'd to the higheſt Honours and Preferments, entred into a Confederacy to remove him from the King's Perſon, and baniſh him the Kingdom. The great Earl of Lancaſter, (Son of Prince Edmund, and Grandſon of Henry III.) was choſen their General; who by common Conſent ſent to the King then atYork, petitioning him either to deliver Earl Gaveſton to them, or oblige him to quit the Kingdom, according to the Late Ordinances. The King took ſmall Notice of their Supplications, left York, and repaired to Newcaſtle, where he continued for a conſiderable Space. Upon which the Lords, with what Forces they could raiſe, march'd with all Speed towards Newcaſtle, not that they would offer Injury, or create Trouble to their Sovereign, but only Earl Gaveſton, and judge him according to the Laws they made by common Agreement. Upon their Approach, the King and Gaveſton immediately fled to Tinmouth; and tho' tne Queen, then great with Child, with Flood of Tears, begg'd of him not to leave her in that Place, he without any Pity took Shipping, and ſalt'd with his Favourite toScarborough, commanding the Garriſon of the Caſtle to protect him, while he repair'd into Warwickſhire. The Earl of Lancaſter having poſſeſſed himſelf of Newcaſtle, ſent Meſſengers to the Queen atTinmouth to comfort her, faithfully promiſing That he would not give over his Purſuit, 'till he had remov'd Gaveſton from the King; excuſing himſelf from not coming to her in Perſon, left for her Sake he ſhould incut the King's Indignation. The Barons who had enter'd Newcaſtle the ſame Day the King went from thence, had ſeized all that he and his Favourite had left there, the Hurry wherein they went off not having given them leave to take any Thing with them. In Gaveſton's Baggage were ſound a great many Jewels, which for the moſt part belonged to the Crown, and of which an exact Inventory was taken, that an Account might be given of them hereafter: They were accordingly reſtored to the King afterGaveſton was beheaded. Rapin.

It appears by ſeveral Records, that there has been an ancient Cuſtom within the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, of acknowledging Fines in the Guildhall of the ſaid Town, between the four Benches therein; and that the ſame has been continued and uſually practiſed, and is now frequently done.

A Fine ſo acknowledged for Lands or Tenements within the ſaid Town, being by that Cuſtom of the ſame Force and Validity as a Fine acknowledge in any other Manner; and it is done ſo publickly, and before ſo many Perſons, that the Cognizors muſt be known to ſome of them, which allows no Opportunity for a Fraud.

And when a Fine is to be acknowledged by a Wife, ſhe is not only particularly examin'd in open Court, but alſo make's Oath, that what ſhe does is freely and voluntarily, without any Force or Compulſion of her Husband.

1312
The ſame.
  • Tho. Carliol
  • Joan. Pampden
  • Gilbert Fleming
  • Hen. le Newton
1313.Rich. Emeldon
  • Jo. fil. Hen. Scot
  • William Burneton
  • Tho. Friſmariſco
  • Joannes Ellickar
The King publiſhed his Writs for Victuals to be ſold at a certain Price.
1314.
Tho fil. Hugo de Carliol
  • Gilbert Flemming
  • Hen. de Newton
  • Joan. de Pampeden
  • Ad. de Dunelm
Another Quatuor Banco, in the Manner aforeſaid.
1315.
Rich. Emeldon
  • Tho. Friſmariſco
  • Ad. Dunelm
  • Rich. Acton
  • Johan. de Pampeden
Richard Kellow, Biſhop of Durham died, and was ſucceeded by Lewis Beamont.
1316.
Rich. Emeldon
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • William de Burneton
  • Rich. de Acton
  • Ad. de Dunelm
A grievous Famine and Mortality, inſomuch that the Quick could hardly bury the Dead; and a great Corruption of Cattle and Graſs. Some eat the Fleſh of their own Children, and Thieves in Priſon devour'd thoſe that were newly brought in, and greedily eat them half alive.
1317.
Rich. de EmeldonThe ſame.
1318.Rich. de Emeldon
  • Tho. Dunelm
  • Adam de Dunelm
  • Gilbert Hankin
  • Robert de Angerton
Vid. an. 1347
1319.
Nich. de Carliol
  • Tho. de Carliol
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • Roger Heckam
  • Hen. de Newton
About this Time flouriſhed Hugh of Newcaſtle. Vid. Franciſcan Fryers.
1320.
Nich. de Carliol
  • John de Thorald
  • Tho. de Tindale
  • Rich. de Emeldon
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
1321.Rich. Emeldon
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • Rich. Acton
  • Gilbert Hankin
  • Robert Angreton
1322.Rich. Emeldon
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • Gilbert Hankin
  • Wm. de Burton
  • Hugo de Hecham

    Rex igitur elatus de tanta victoria, qui potius gemuiſſe debueret [leg. debuerat] de tanta nobilium turba male perempta, quia tune fuit vere victus, quando tot vicit prudentes milites, collegit exercitum fortem nimis & magnum contra Scotos, quantus a longo tempore non eſt viſus. Qui abſque victualibus in gravi pompoſaque multitudine in borealibus adunatus partibus, pervenit ad Regem, ad villam de Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam. Inde Rex hoſtiliter profectus eſt in Scotiam lento greſſu, permetiens quaſdam partes illius provinciae, cujus adventu praecognito, Scoti bona ſua cum neceſſariis ad loca tutiora comportaverunt, fugientes ad montes, nemora, vel paludes: ſicque contigit, ut cum Rex ſuis nullam reſiſtentiam inveniret, nullaque victualia reperiret, ſed omnia deſerta, vacuata, & vaſtata, perpendit, conſumptis igitur victualibus, tam per terram, quam per mare pro exercitu comportatis magna pars exercitus fame & inaedia tabeſacta protinus eſt extincta. Tho. Walſingham, p. 116. The King [Edward II] being elated with ſo great a Victory [which he had obtain'd over the Barons at Boroughbridge] who ought rather to have mourn'd for the Loſs of ſo great a Number of Nobility cruelly ſlain, becauſe he himſelf was then truely conquer'd, when he conquer'd ſo many prudent Warriors, raiſed a verly large and powerful Army againſt the Scots, ſuch as had not been ſeen for a long Time. Which great and numerous Multitude meeting together in the Northern Parts without Proviſions, came to the King at Newcaſtle upon Tyne. From thence the King proceeded with a ſlow March into Scotland, paſſing over ſome Parts of that Province; whoſe coming theScots foreknowing, carried their Goods and other Neceſſaries to the more ſafe Places, themſelves flying to the Mountains, Woods, or Marſhes: and thus it happen'd, that tho' the King met with no Reſiſtance, yet finding no Proviſions, but on the other Hand every Place deſerted, rifled and waſted, and having conſumed the Proviſions which were brought both by Sea and Land, a great Part of his Army was utterly deſtroyed through Famine and Want.

1323.Rich. de Emeldon
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • Wm. Hankin
  • Wm. de Burneton
  • Hugo de Heckham
1324.Rich. de Emeldon
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • Wm. de Burneton
  • Gilbert de Hankin
  • Rob. de Halliwell
1325.Rich. de Emeldon
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • Wm. de Burneton
  • Gilbert de Hankin
  • Robert de Halliwell
1326.Rich. de Emeldon
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • Gilbert Hankin
  • Wm. de Burneton
  • Hugo de Heckham
    This Year the King was depoſed, and January 25 his Son Edward crown'd King; being of 14 Years of Age.
1327. Edward III.Nich. Scott, Miles.
  • Tho. Hankin
  • Wm. de Burneton
  • Gilbert Hankin
  • Rog. de Angreton

    King Ed. II. was cruelly murdered in the Caſtle of Berkley, by the Practiſes of the Queen his Wife, and the Lord Mortimer. This firſt Year of the Reign of Edward the 3d, notwithſtanding the Care of the Earl Marſhall at Newcaſtle, and the Lord Mowbray at Carliſle, the Scots paſſed the River Tyne with an Army conſiſting of 4000 Men at Arms, Knights and Eſquires, well mounted, and 1000 others, armed after their Country Faſhion, upon ſmall inconſiderable Horſes, beſides their Forces on Foot. They incamped in Stanhope Park, in the Biſhoprick of Durham, againſt whom the King came himſelf in Perſon; but not being able to come at them, by Reaſon of their Advantageous Situation, they, after having been watched 15 or 20 Days took the Advantage of a dark Night, and retired with Haſte into their own Country. Eachard.

1328.Nich. de Carliol
  • Th. fil. Hu. de Carliol
  • Tho. de Friſmariſco
  • Roger Heckham
  • Hen de Newton
    King Ed. III. Pardoned and remitted to the Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, all the Debts and Arrears of Debts which they owed to him or his Progenitors. Madox. Firm. Burg. p. 98.
1329.Rich. Emeldon
  • Wm. de Burneton
  • Jo. de Denton
  • Hugo de Heckham
  • Rob. de Halliwell
1330.Wm. de Burneton
  • Hugo de Hankyn
  • Ro. de Halliwell
  • Jo. Denton
  • Waleranus Lumley
1331.Rich. Emeldon
  • Hugo de Hecham
  • Rob. de Halliwell
  • Jo. de Denton
  • Waleranus Lumley
    Carta Prioriſſae S. Bartholomei in Villa Novi Caſtri ſuper Tinam de uno Both in vico Fori in eadem Villa.

    OMnibus hanc Cartam cyrographatam viſuris vel audituris Sibilla Gategang Prioriſſa Monialium S. Bartholomei de Novo Caſtro ſuper Tinam & ejuſdem Loci Conventus, Salutem in Domino ſempiternam. Noveritis nos unanimi conſilio & Aſſenſu Capituli noſtri dediſſe, conceſſiſſe, & hac praeſenti Carta noſtra cyrographata confirmaſſe Johanni de Wedirball Sutori de Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam totam illam Botham noſtram in Vico Fori, ſicut jacet in longitudine & latitudine inter Botham Thomaes de Carliolo ex una parte & retro, & Botham Richardi Fonde ex altera, habendam & tonendam praedicto Johanni de Wetherhall, Haeredibus & Aſſignatis ſuis de Capitalibus Dominis Feodi illius per fervicia inde debita & de jure conſuota libere, quiete, bene, & in pace in perpetuum, Reddendo inde annuatim nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris ſex ſolidos argenti per annum ad duos anni terminos, viz. Medietatem ad Feſtum Pentecoſt. & aliam medietatem ad Feſtum S. Martini in hyeme pro omni alio Servicio, re, & demand. Et ſi contingat dictam Firmam ad aliquem terminam a retro fore non ſolutam per quadraginta dies, & ſufficiens Diſtrictio infra illam Botham non inveniatur, tunc liceat Nobis & Succeſſoribus noſtris praedictam Botham intrare & pacifice in perpetuum tenere, praeſenti Scripto extunc in nullo obſtante. Et Nos vero Prioriſſa & Coventus praenominat. & Succeſſores noſtri totam praedictam Botham cum omnibus ſuis pertinentiis & Edificiis praedicto Johanni de Wedirhall Haeredibus ſujs & Aſſignatis pro Firma memorata contra omnes gentes warantizabimus & defendemus in perpetuum. In cujus rei Teſtimonium parti praeſetis Cartae reſidentis penes dictum Johannem ſigillum noſtrum commune eſt appenſum, & parti praeſentis Cartae reſidentis penes Nos dictus Johannes ſigillum ſuum appoſuit. His teſtibus Ricardo de Emildon tunc capitali Ballivo Villae Novi Caſtri, Johanne de Denton, Gilberto Hawkyn, Hugone de Hecham, & Richardo Scot Subballivis ejus. Laurentio de Dureſme, Adam Pagis, Gilberto de Duxfield, Johanne Sapakape & aliis.

    A Charter of the Prioreſs of St. Bartholomew's in the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, concerning one Booth in the Market Place in the ſaid Town.

    TO all who ſhall ſee or hear of this Charter, written with our own Hand, Sibil Gategang Prioreſs of the Nuns of St. Bartholomew's in Newcaſtle upon Tyne, and of the Convent of the ſame Place, Greeting in the Lord eternal. Know ye, that We with the unanimous Counſel and Aſſent of our Chapter have given, granted, and by this our preſent Charter, written with our own Hand, have confirmed to John de Wedithall, Shoemaker of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, all that our Booth in the Market Place, as it lies in length and breadth between the Booth of Thomas de Carleol on the one Side, and the Booth of Richard Fonde on the other: To have and to hold to the ſaid John de Wetherhall, his Heirs and Aſſigns, from the Capital Lords of that Farm, by the Services then due and by Law uſed to be paid, freely, quitely, well peaceably for ever. By paying to us and our Succeſſors every year ſix Shillings of Silver at two Terms of the year, namely, an half at the Feaſt of Whitſuntide, and the other half at the Feaſt of St. Martin in the Winter, in lieu of all other Service, Rent and Demand. And if it ſhall happen that the ſaid Fee ſhall at any Term be not paid in forty Days, and a ſufficient Diſtrain be not ſound within that Booth, then it may be lawful for us and our Succeſſors to enter into the ſaid Booth and for ever peaceably to hold it, this our preſent Writing notwithſtanding. And we the Prioreſs and Convent aforeſaid, and our Succeſſors, the whole foreſaid Booth with all its Appurtenances and Buildings to the aforeſaid John de Wedirhall his Heirs and Aſſigns for the foreſaid Fee will warrantize, and for ever defend, againſt all Perſons whatſoever. In Witneſs whereof to the Part of the preſent Charter remaining with the ſaid John, our common Seal is placed, and to the Part of the preſent Charter remaining with us the ſaid John has placed his Seal. Witneſſes, Richard de Emildon then chief Bailiff of the Town of Newcaſtle, John de Denton, Gilbert Hawkyn, Hugh de Hecham, and Richard Scot, his Sub-Bailiffs. Laurence de Dureſme, Adam Pagis, Gilbert de Duxfield, John Sapakape, and others.

This Mayor was this year made Eſchaetor.
1332.
Rich. Emeldon
  • Hug. de Heckham
  • Rob. de Halliwell
  • Jo. de Denton
  • Waleranus Lumley

Lewis Beaumont Biſhop of Durham, dy'd and was ſucceeded by Richard de Bury, who was conſecrated unto the See of Durham, December 19, this ſame Year, in the Preſence of the King, the Queen, Edward King of Scotland, 2 Archbiſhops, 5 Biſhops, 7 Earls, and a Numbers of other noble Perſonages, both Men and Women. The Year following he became Chancellor, and within two Years after that, Treaſurer of England. Godwin.

On the 23d of April, the King being at Newcaſtle, ſent a Letter to the Archbiſhop of Canterbury. Rim. Foed. Vol. 4. p. 553. The ſame Day he ſent another, p. ibid. On the 27th he ſent from this Town a Letter to the King of Caſtile p. 555. On the ſame Day he ſent another. On the 27th he ſent another to the Earl of Flanders, about not aſſiſting the Scots. p. 557. On the 29th he ſent another about the Conduct of the Ambaſſadors of the King of France. Ibid.

1333.
Rich. Acton
  • Hug. Hecham
  • Waleranus Lumley
  • Gilbert Hankyn
  • Robert Halliwell
1334.Hugo Hecham
  • Gilbert Hankyn
  • Jo. Galloway
  • Rich. Scott
  • Jo. Fryſma

    June the 12th the King ſent a Letter from this Town about calling the Convocation of the Province of York, and getting of Aſſiſtance. p. 614. On the ſame Day he ſent another to the Archbiſhop of Canterbury about carrying of the Croſs, and the ſame Day he alſo wrote another upon the ſame Subject to the Earl of Nottingham. He ſent ſeveral other Letters from this Town particularly one on June the 18th.

    After Edward Baliol, Son of John, had by the Aſſiſtance of the Engliſh, and Many great Succeſſes, cauſed himſelf to be crown'd King of Scotland; to ſtrengthen his Alliance, he firſt at Edinburgh, and afterwards at Newcaſtle, in the Year 1334, in the Preſence of Many great Lords and Commons of both Nations, did Homage to King Edward III. as to his ſuperior Lord, and took his Oath of Fealty, binding himſelf and his Heirs to hold the Kingdom of Scotland of him and his Succeſſors for ever; and further he granted to him the Poſſeſſion of five Counties next adjoining to the Borders. Eachard.

    Ad pag. 92. [...] Chantery. Patronatus Cantarie B. Mariae in Eccleſia omnium Sanctorum Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tinam.

    OMnibus hoc ſcriptum Viſuris vel Audituris Thomas de Karliolo de Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam, Salutem in Domino. Noveritis Me conceſtiſſe & praeſenti ſcripto confirmaſſe Petro filio Petri Draper de praedicta villa Novi Caſtri & Ceciliae uxori ejus, & Haeredibus de eorundem corporibus legitime procreatis totum jus meum Patronaturs Cantariae pertinentis ad Altare Beatae Mariae Virginis in Eccleſia omnium Sanctorum in praedicta villa Novi Caſtri volens pro me & Haeredibus meis: Concedens quod quandocunque vacaverit, tunc praedicti Petrus & Cecilia & Haeredes de Corporibus fuis ligitime procreati dare poſſint, conferre, & aſſignare praedictam Cantariam cuidam Capellano idoneo ad praedictum Altare Divina celebraturo in perpetuum faciendo & inveniendo ad praedictum Altare omnia onera ad idem Altare pertinentia, ſicut caetevi Predeceſſores ſacere conſueverunt. Salvo tamen Mihi in tota vita mea jure Praeſentandi ad praedictam Cantariam, ſi contigerit illam vacare aliquo tempore vitae meae. Et eſt ſciendum quod ſi praedicti Petrus & Ceailia. abſ (que) Haeredibus de corporibus ſuis legitime procreatis obierint, volo quod jus Patronatus Cantariae praedictae poſt corum deceſſum, exitu de ipſis, ut praedictum eſt, deficiente, rectis Haeredibus meis revertatur in perpetuum. In cujus Rei Teſtimonium praeſenti ſcripto Sigillum meum appoſui & Sigillum commune Villae Novi Caſtri praedictae apponi procuravi his Teſtibus Johanne de Denton tunc Majore Villae Novi Caſtri praedictae, Hugone de Halliwel, Richardo de Acton, Roberto de Caſtro, Johanne de Karliolo, Johanne de Galeway, Johanne de Friſmaro, Ricardo de Galeway, & aliis. Datum apud Villam Novi Caſtri praedicti 25 die Menſis Septembris, Anno Gratiae 1334. & regni Regis Edwardi III. a conqueſtu octavo.

    A Patronage of the Chantry of St. Mary's in the Church of All Saints in the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne.

    TO all who ſhall ſee or hear of this Writing Thomas de Karliol of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, Greeting in the Lord. Know ye, that I have granted, and by the preſent Writing have confirmed to Peter Son of Peter Draper, of the aforeſaid Town of Newcaſtle, and Cecily his Wife, and to the Heirs from their Bodies lawfully begotten, all my Right of the Patronage of the Chantry belonging to the Altar of the bleſſed Virgin Mary in the Church of All Saints in the foreſaid Town of Newcaſtle, for me and my Heirs: Granting that whenever it ſhall be vacant, then the foreſaid Peter and Cecily, and the Heir's from their Bodies lawfully begotten, may give, conſer and aſſign the foreſaid Chantry to ſome fit Chaplain, to celebrate for ever the divine Offices at the foreſaid Altar, by doing and finding at the aforeſaid Altar all Burthens belonging to the ſaid Altar, as the other Predeceſſors have uſed to do. Saving nevertheleſs to me for my whole Life, the Right of preſenting to the foreſaid Chantry, if it ſhall happen to be vacant any Time of my Life. And be it known, that if the aforeſaid Peter and Cecily ſhall die without Heirs from their Bodies lawfully begotten, I Will that the Right of Patronage of the Chantry aforeſaid ſhall after their Deceaſe, their Iſſue failing, as is aforeſaid, for ever return to my right Heirs. In Witneſs whereof I have put my Seal to the preſent Writing, and have cauſed the Common Seal of the foreſaid Town of Newcaſtle to be put. Witneſs John de Denton then Mayor of the Town of Newcaſtle, aforeſaid, Hugh de Haliwell, Richard de Acton, Robert de Caſtro, John de Karliol, John de Galeway, John de Friſmaro, Richard de Galeway, and others. Green at the Town of Newcaſtle aforeſaid the 25th Day of the Month of September, in the year of Grace 1334, and the eight year of the Reign of King Edward III. from the Conqueſt.

1335.Hugo de Heckam
  • Gilbert Hankyn
  • John de Galloway
  • Rich. Scot
  • Jo. de Friſmariſco

    June the 28th a Letter was dated at Newcaſtle, per ipſum Regem & Concilium. Rim. Foeder. Vol. 4. p. 651. Another, de Orando pro Rege. Another July the 1ſt. Another from this Town, Nov, 16. Two more the ſame Day. 20th Day another. Another the 23d, &c. p. 677 & 678.

1336.John Denton
  • Gilbert Hankyn
  • Jo. Woodman
  • Robert Shilvington
  • William Acton
    Martin Alnwick a Franciſcan Fryer of the Monaſtry of Newcaſtle flouriſh'd about this Time. Vide Franciſcan Fryers of this Town.
1337.Nich. Scot.
  • Robert de Shampton
  • Barthol. Clerus
  • Adam de Blakedon
  • Tho. de Karle, Jun.
1338.Hugh Hecham
  • Richard Scot
  • Peter Graper
  • Robert Halliwell
  • Rob. de Caſtello
A Sudden Inundation of Water at Newcaſtle bore down Part of the Town's New Wall where 120 Perſons were drown'd: This is alſo ſaid to have happen'd in the year 1320. Vide Pandon Burn.
1339.
Waleranus de Lumley
  • Tho. Burneton
  • Rich. Scott
  • Gilbert Hankyn
  • Rich. Gallaway
Whilſt the King was warring againſt Tournay, the Scots in ſeveral Bodies entred England, where they deſtroy'd the Country as far as Durham, returning all ſafe again; ſaving that the Earls of March and Southerland being encountred by the Lord Thomas Grey of Werk, Sir Robert Manners, and John Copeland, a valliant Eſq of Northumberland, were utterly diſcomfited. Barns. Hiſt. Ed. III. Lib. 1. chap. 17.
1340.
William Felton Miles.
  • Robert Muſgrave
  • Hug. Carliol
  • Jo. Woodman
  • Joan. Emeldon

It is granted that no Goods be ſold 'till a Plank be laid to the Ship, on Forfeiture of the Goods.

King Edward III. reſolving to invade Scotland both by Sea and Land, repaired to the Frontiers, where he waited for his Fleet, which was to join him at Newcaſtle. But a violent Storm, which laſted ſeveral Days, rendered his Ships unfit for Service during the reſt of that year. This unlucky Accident hindered him from entering Scotland, being deſtitute of Proviſions and Ammunition, which his Fleet was bringing to him. Rapin.

Indentura inter Priorem Dunelm' & Majorem Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, de redditu de Farne Eland.

CEſt Endenture faite entre Johan Prior & le Convent de Dureſme d'une part & Johan de Denton Mair de Neof Chaſtell ſur Tyne d'autre part teſmoigne que nous le ditz Prior & Convent avouns reſceu parmy les maines le dit John trees Marcs & diz Soutz d'Argent du Terme de la Seint Michell I'an de Grace Mille, Treiſcentz, quarant primer de une annuel recut que noſtre Seigneur le Roy Nous a grante a prendre de la Ferme de Neof Chaſtel ſur Tyne ſicome plus pleinement eſt contenuz en la Chartir noſtre dit Seignour le Roy de ceo fait a Nous des queux treeſe Marcs & diz ſoutz Nous Johan. Prior & le Convent avaunt ditz acquitouns pour nous & noz Succeſſours l'avant dit Johan de Denton Meir & la commune de la Ville de Noef Chaſtel ſuſdit. En Teſmoignante de quelle choſe au Partie de cette Endenture demorant devers le dit Meir & la commune de Noef Chaſtel nous Johan Prior & le Convent de Dureſme avons mis noſtre commune Seal. Et a l'autre partie de meiſme l'Endenture demorant devers le ditz Prior & Convent. leo Johan de Denton Meir ai mis mon Seal. Donne a Dureſme lendemayn de la dit Feſt de Seint Michell l'an de Grace avant dit.

An Indenture between the Prior of Durham and the Mayor of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, relating to the Rent due to Farne Iſland.

THIS Indenture made between John the Prior and the Convent of Durham on the one Part, and John de Denton, Mayor of Newcaſtle upon Tyne on the other Part witneſſeth, that We the ſaid Prior and Convent, have received from the Hands of the ſaid John, thirteen Marcs and ten Pence of Silver for the Term of St. Michael, of the year of Grace one Thouſand, three Hundred, forty and one, for an annual Receipt which our Sovereign the King hath granted us to receive out of the Rents of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, as more amply is contained in the Charter by our ſaid Lord the King hereupon to us granted; of which thirteen Marcs and ten Pence We John the Prior, and the Convent aforeſaid, do releaſe for us and our Succeſſors, the ſaid John de Denton the Mayor, and the Commons of the Town of Newcaſtle, before named. In Witneſs whereof, We John the Prior and the Convent of Durham, have affixed our common Seal to that Part of this Indenture for the Uſe of the Mayor and Commons of Newcaſtle; and to the other Part of the ſame Indenture remaining in the Hands of the ſaid Prior and Covent, I John de Denton Mayor, have affixed my Seal. Dated at Durham the Day ſucceeding the Feaſt of St. Michael, the Year of Grace aforeſaid.

Theſe Charters at large ſhall be inſerted Anno 1492, being recited in King Henry the 7th's Inſpoximus.

1341.
Joan. Denton
  • Gilbert Hankyn
  • Jo. Galleway
  • Thomas Burneton
  • Petrus Graper
1342.Rob. de Halliwell
  • William Acton
  • Jo. de Durham
  • Robt. Muſgrave
  • Tho. Fleaminge

    David King of Scots enter'd Northumberland, exerciſing all Manner of Hoſtility, and waſting and Ravaging all before him, for about 40 Miles in length, 'till he came to Newcaſtle upon Tyne, which he reſolved to Beſiege, and ſo ſat down with all his Forces before it: The Captain of the Caſtle was the Lord John Nevil of Hornby, a Perſon of great Conduct and Bravery who reſolving to give the young King of Scotland a Taſte of the Engliſh Valour, as ſoon as might be, commanded 200 Lances to make a Sally very early next Morning. Theſe daſhing ſuddenly with great Fury into the Scottiſh Hoaſt, on that Part where the Earl of Murray was (who, as they ſay, was chief General for the Time, the King himſelf keeping private) took the Earl himſelf naked in Bed, dragg'd him away naked out of his Tent; [197] and ſo having ſlain ſeveral of his Men, and won much Booty, they return'd all ſafe into the Town with great Joy, and delivered the Earl of Murray Priſoner to their Captain. The Earl was a chief Prince of the Blood in Scotland, next of Quality to Prince Robert Stuart and the Earl of Southerland; but for Valour and Conduct he yielded to None. This daring Enterprize having alarmed the whole Camp, the Scots ran like Madmen to the Barriers of the Town, and began a fierce Aſſault, which they continued a great while with much Pertinency. But they gain'd little and loſt much. For there were many good Men of War within, who defended themſelves with much Reſolution and Diſcretion, ſo that the Scots were at laſt fain to leave off their attac, and the Hopes of ſuddenly revenging their Diſhonour in that Place. Wherefore that bold and lucky Attempt of the Beſieged being thus well back'd by a vigorous Defence, was ſufficient to perſuade King David and his Council, that to dally about Newcaſtle was dangerous, whereupon about Noon they decamp'd and went for Durham.

    Aſſoon as the Lord Nevil had ſeen for certain the Departure of the Scots, he gueſs'd their Deſign. Upon which he mounted a very ſwift Gelding, and coaſting wide of the Scots, rode Poſt Day and Night; 'till on the 5th Night he rode more than 200 Miles to Chertſey in Surry, where at that Time King Edward lay, to whom he exactly related all he knew of the Scots, whereupon the King made all the Haſte he could Northward.

    In the mean Time the Scots aſſaulted Durham with all the Fury imaginable; for they were even ſtark mad for the former Affront they had received at Newcaſtle, when they loſt the Earl of Murray ſo diſhonourably. They rear'd their Engines to caſt Stones, and other Devices they had, whereby to approach the Walls under the Shelter of certain Machines, reſembling the ancient Teſtudo of the Romans, or the Synoſpiſmus of the Greeks; and withall they had other Engines running upon Wheels, wherein on Lofts as high as the Walls at leaſt, there were Croſs-Bows and others, who kept the Beſieged from the Defences. So that after the Aſſault had been continually renewed with all the Vigour imaginable, and on the other Hand maintained with incredible Obſtinacy for 6 or 7 Days, the Scots entred the City by Force; at which Time King David in revenge of all his Loſſes for ſo many years preceding, eſpecially being urged beyond his Nature by the importunate Inſtigations of his French Auxiliaries then with him, commanded his Captains to put all to Fire and Sword. There were Men, Women, and Children, old and young, Men of the Church, as Monks, Prieſts, Canons, and others, holy and prophane, all without Pity or Diſtinction put to Death, neither Churches, Monaſteries, nor Shrines, no not that of St. Cuthbert himſelf (after it had repoſed there for more than 300 years) could reconcile the incens'd Mind of the Soldiers to Pity; not ſo much as one Soul was left alive within the Place. So implacable and unmerciful is the Sword of War when ſharpen'd with unchriſtian Cruelty.

    Before the Scottiſh Army got back to its own Country, the King of England was upon their Heels; but there were certain Noblemen on both Parts, who earneſtly labour'd to compoſe the Matters between the two Kings, which at laſt took ſuch Effect, that a Truce was concluded for two years. Barns. Hiſt, Ed. III. p. 254.

    [196]
1343.Rich. Galleway
  • William Acton
  • Tho. Fleaminge
  • Jo
  • Robt. Muſgrave
1344.Rob. Shilvington
  • Robt. Muſgrave
  • Jo. Woodman
  • Robt. Halliwell
  • William de Acton
1345.Robt. de Foghale
  • William de Acton
  • Jo. de Friſmariſco
  • Hugo de Carliol
  • Robt. de Pentrith
    Richard de Bury, Biſhop of Durham died at Auckland, April the 24th, and was ſucceeded by Thomas Hatfield, Secretary to the King, who was conſecrated July the 10th, this ſame Year.
1346.Robt. de Foghill
  • William de Acton
  • Jo. de Friſmariſo
  • Hug. de Carliol
  • Robt. de Pentrith
1347.Peter Graper
  • William Acton, ſen'
  • Jo. Emeldon
  • Hugo de Angreton
  • Hugo de Carliol

    When King Edward III. was abroad in France, warring againſt that Kingdom, David King of Scotland took that Opportunity to ravage the Borders of England, and penetrated as far as Durham, which he took, ſacked and burnt; but the Engliſh coming ſhortly after to an Engagement with him, he had the Mortification not only to loſe the Day, but alſo to be taken a Priſoner. Rapin. The Scotch King, tho' he had two Spears hanging in his Body, his Leg almoſt incurably wounded, and his Sword beat out of his Hand, diſdaining Captivity, provok'd the Engliſh by opprobrious Language to kill him; and when John Copeland, Governour of Roxborough Caſtle, adviſed him to yield, he ſtruck him on the Fate with his Gauntlet ſo fiercely that he knock'd out two of his Teeth. But however Copeland Conveyed him away out of the Field a Priſoner. Upon his refuſing to deliver him up to the Queen, (who ſtayed at Newcaſtle during the Battle) the King ſent for him to Calais, where he excus'd his Refuſal ſo handſomely, that the King ſent him back with a Reward of 500 l. a-Year in Land, where he himſelf ſhould chuſe it near his own Dwelling, and made him a Knight Banneret. Act. Publ. V. p. 542. as quoted by Tyndal, Rapin 's Tranſlator.

    This Battle is ſaid by Hollingſhead in his Hiſtory of Scotland, p. 241, to have been ſought October the 17th, the year before.

    [198]

    The following Letter I am obliged to Mr. Alderman REAY of this Town for.

    SIR,

    PUrſuant to your Requeſt and my Promiſe I've been with Mr. Harle, and have met with the Paſſage you mentioned relating to Newcaſtle, in the 119th Page of the firſt Vol. of Ha [...]luyt's Engliſh Voyages, &c. printed at London, 1599, Fol. by which it appears that the Town of Newcaſtle aſſiſted K. Edw. III. with 17 Ships and 314 Men againſt the French; a moſt authentic and convincing Proof of the great Naval Strength of that Town in thoſe Days.

    Another earlier Inſtance of its being a Town famous for Trade in Edward II's Time, is to be found in p. 142. and 143 of the ſaid Vol. where we meet with an Order of the King and Council for the Staple to be holden at a certain Place. This Order (relating to the Exportation of Wool) is directed to the Collectors of Cuſtom for Wool and Woolen Fells in the Port of London. The Title of it runs thus, De Stapula tenenda in certo loco ordinatio, Anno 13, Edwardi ſecundi; and the Order itſelf thus, Rex collectoribus cuſtumae canarum & pellium canutarum in portu London ſalutem, ending with theſe Words; Teſte Rege apud Doveram decimo octavo die Junii per ipſum Regem & conſilium; and immediately after is ſubjoin'd as follows; Et poſtmodum per breve de privato ſigillo eodem modo mandatum eſt collectoribus Cuſtumae praedictae in Portubus ſubſcriptis, videlicet.

    • In Portu Villae Southampton.
    • In Portu Villae Weymouth
    • In Portu Villae Sancti Botolphi
    • In Portu Villae Kingſtone ſuper Hull
    • In Portu Villae de Novo Caſtro
    • In Portu Villae de magna Iernemutha
    • In Portu Villae de Lenne
    • In Portu Villae de Gypwico

    where you ſee Newcaſtle is number'd among the greateſt PORTS of the Nation at that Time.

    It would be as fatiguing as 'tis unneceſſary to tranſcribe at length the ſaid Order, which muſt therefore be omitted as well as the long Roll of the Engliſh Fleet contain'd in the 118, 119 and 120 Pages of the ſaid Book; I ſhall only tell you that the Account of the Fleet is thus inſcrib'd.

    The Roll of the huge Fleet of Edward III. before Calice, extant in the King's great Wardrobe in London, whereby the wonderful Strength of England by Sea in thoſe Days may appear.

    This Liſt is divided into the South and North Fleet, the Beginning and End of both which I'll give you in the Author's own Words.

    The South Fleet
    • The King's Ships 25
    • The King's Mariners 419
    • London Ships 25
    • London Mariners 662 &c.
    • Sum of the South Fleet Ships 493
    • Sum of the South Fleet Mariners 9630

    The North Fleet.
    • Bamburgh Ships 1
    • Bamburgh Mariners 9
    • Newcaſtle Ships 17
    • Newcaſtle Mariners 314 &c.
    • Sum of the North Fleet Ships 217
    • Sum of the North Fleet Mariners 4521

    I cannot leave this Liſt, without obſerving to the great Honour of that loyal and brave Town, that Newcaſtle is not exceeded in its Number of Ships by any one of all the 33 Ports nam'd in the ſaid Enrolment of the North Fleet. Yarmouth alone excepted. And how can it poſſibly detract from the Glory of Newcaſtle, to be then out-done by Yarmouth, when (which is very ſurprizing) that ſame great Yarmouth, in Norfolk, fitted out a vaſtly greater Number both of Men and Ships, than London itſelf, the great Metropolis of the Kingdom, furniſh'd his Grace with for the memorable Siege of Calais, where he (I mean King Edward III.) and his Son the Black Prince acquir'd ſuch Renown to the Engliſh, as will render themſelves and the Engliſh Nation famous to ſucceeding Ages.

    There is one Thing more I muſt take Notice of before I conclude, which is, that the aforementioned Fleet Roll has no Date. I think it was about the Year 1347, when the Engliſh laid Siege to Calais, tho' I can't certainly tell, not having an Engliſh Hiſtory by me at preſent. This is all I can find upon a curſory View of the Book that has any Relation to Newcaſtle, begging Leave, in the mean Time, to ſubſcribe myſelf,

    SIR,
    Your very much oblig'd Humble Servant, JOHN WILSON.
    [197]
An' Chriſti.Mayors.Bailiffs.
1348.Peter Graper
  • William de Acton
  • Hugo de Carliol
  • Hug. de Angreton
  • Jo. de Emeldon
1349.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.
Extracta e Teſtamento Johannis Cragg de Novo Caſtro die Martis proximo poſt Feſtum Nativitat. B. Johannis Baptiſtae.
  • Do & Lego, 1. CORPUS meum ad ſepeliendum in Eccleſia omnium Sanctorum infra novam Cancellam.
  • 2. In cera circa Corpus meum comburenda, ſex Solidos.
  • [199]Do & Lego, 3. Summo Altari Eccleſiae B. Nicholai, pro Decimis & Oblationibus meis non bene ſolutis. Sex Solidos.
  • 4. Fabricae Eccleſiae praedictae Omnium Sanctorum, viginti Solidos.
  • 5. Capellanis ad exequias meas venientibus, quatuor Solidos.
  • 6. Ad omnes ordines Fratrum de praedicta Villa Novi Caſtri, treſdecim Solidos & quatuor Denarios per aequales portiones.
  • 7. Cuidam Capellano idoneo pro Anima mea apud praedictam Eccleſiam omnium Sanctorum celebraturo duos Annos, decem Marcas.
  • 8. Cuidam hujuſmodi eunti apud S. Jacobum, quin (que) Marcas.
  • 9. Capellano Parochiali ejuſdem Eccleſiae Omnium Sanctorum tres Solidos & quatuor Denarios.
  • 10. Clerico ejuſdem Eccleſiae, unum Solidum.
An Extract from the Will of John Cragg of Newcaſtle on Tueſday next after the Feaſt of the Nativity of St. John the Baptiſt.
  • I Give and Bequeath, 1. My Body to be buried in the Church of All-Saints, beneath the new Chancel.
  • 2. In Wax to be burnt about my Body, ſix Shillings.
  • 3. To the High Altar of the Church of St. Nicholas, for my Tythes and Oblations not duly paid, ſix Shillings.
  • 4. To the Fabric of the aforeſaid Church of All-Saints, twenty Shillings.
  • 5. To the Chaplains going to my Funeral, four Shillings.
  • 6. To all Orders of the Brethren of the foreſaid Town of Newcaſtle, thirteen Shillings and four Pence, by equal Portions.
  • 7. To a ſit Chaplain to celebrate for my Soul in the aforeſaid Church of All-Saints two years, ten Marks.
  • 8. To another going before St. James, five Marks.
  • 9. To the Parochial Chaplain of the ſaid Church of All-Saints, three Shillings and four Pence.
  • 10. To the Clerk of the ſaid Church, one Shilling.
[198]
An' Chriſti.Mayors.Bailiffs.
1350.Peter Graper
  • William de Acton
  • Hugo de Carleol
  • Hug. de Angreton
  • Jo. de Emeldon
    Aſſiſa per Priorem Dunelm' contra majorem & Ballivos Novi Caſtri pro redditu annuo Domus de Farneland.

    ASSISA capta apud Novum Caſtrum ſuper Tynam coram Thoma de Fencotes, Thoma de Seton, & Rogero de Blaykeſton, Juſticiariis Domini Regis ad Aſſiſas in Comitatu Northumbriae capiendas Aſſignatis die Mercurii in tertia Septimana Quandrageſimae Anno Regni Regis Edwardi Angliae tertii, a Conqueſtu viceſimo quinto, & Regni ſui Franciae, duodecimo, virtute cujuſdam Commiſſionis Eis & Willielmo Baſſet directae, praeſentia ipſius Wilielmi non expectata, Virtute cujuſdam brevis Domini Regis, Quod ſi non omnes, &c.

    Aſſiſa venerunt recognoſcere ſi Petrus Graper Major Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, Johannes de Emeldon, Hugo de Angerton, Hugo de Carlel, & Willielmus de Acton Bailivi ejuſdem Villae Novi Caſtri injuſte diſſeiſierint Johannem Priorem Dunelm. de libero Tenemento ſuo in Villa Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam poſt poſſeſſionem, &c. Et unde quaeritur quod diſſeiſierunt Eum de treſdecim Marcis & decem ſolidatis redditus cum pertinentiis, &c.

    Et Petrus & alii non venerunt: Et Vicecomes modo mandavit quod praedicti Hugo de Angerton, & Hugo de Carlel mortui ſunt: Et praedictus Petrus attachiatus eſt per Henricum Glaſſen Wright, & Thomam de Newbigging; & praedictus Johannes de Emeldon per Thomam de Newbigging & Thomam Stele, & praedictus Willielmus per Thomam de Newbegging & Henricum Glaſſen Wright: Ideo ipſi in miſericordia, & praedicta Aſſiſa capiatur verſus Eos per Deſaltam, &c.

    Et ſuper hoc praedictus Prior per Attornatum ſuum dicit, quod Dominus Rex nunc Regnans, per Cartam ſuam, quod ex Teſtimonio Illorum quibus ſiduciam adhibuit, accepit quod Dominus Edwardus nuper Rex Angliae Pater ſuus, in vita ſua verbo tenus conceſſit Monachis in Inſula de Farneland juxta Bamburgh, quae quidem Inſula Cella eſt Prioratus Dunelm. commorantibus decem quarteria Frumenti & duo dolia vini percipienda ſingulis annis per manus Majoris & Ballivorum de Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam de Elemoſina ipſius Patris ſui in perpetuum. Et quod conceſſio illa in Vita ipſius Patris ſui non ſuit Executioni debite demandata, nee Literis ſuis aliquibus roborata. Idem Dominus Rex nunc pro ſalute Animae ipſius Patris, volens Voluntatem ſuam in hac parte adimiplere & continuare, conceſlit Monachis praedictis in Recompenſationem Frumenti & vini praedictorum treſdecim Marcas & decem ſolidos percipiendos ſingulis annis ad Feſtum S. Michaelis per manus Majoris & Ballivorum dictae Villae de Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam, qui pro tempore ſuerint de Firma ejuſdem Villae, viz, quin (que) Mar [...]s pro quolibet Dolio Vini, & quinque Solidos pro quolibet quarterio Frumenti, habendos eiſdem Monachis & Succeſſoribus ſuis Monachis in Inſula praedicta commorantibus de Elemoſina ſua in perpetuum; Et proſert hic in Curia praedictam Cartam Domini Regis nunc quae hoc teſtatur, &c. & perit Aſſiſam: Inde capiatur Aſſiſa, &c.

    Recognitione Aſſiſae praedictae dicunt ſuper Sacramentum ſuum quod praedictus Prior ſuit ſeiſitus de praedicto redditu cum pertinentiis, quouſ (que) praedicti Petrus & alii ipſum inde diſſeifierunt ad damnum ipſius Prioris quadraginta & unius Librarum, treſdecim Solidorum, & quatuor Denariorum. Ideo Conſequens eſt quod praedictus Prior recuperet inde ſeiſinam ſuam verſus Eos per Viſum Recognitionis Aſſiſae praedictae; & damna ſua praedicta; & iidem Petrus & alii in injuria. Et Vicecomes non omittetur propter Libertatem Villae praedictae eo quod alias, &c.

    An Aſſiſe by the Prior of Durham againſt the Mayor and Bailiffs of Newcaſtle, for the yearly Rent of the Houſe of Farneland.
    [200]

    AN Aſſiſe taken at Newcaſtle upon Tyne before Thomas de Fencotes, Thomas de Seton, and Roger de Blaykeſton, Juſtices of our Lord the King, at the Aſſiſes to be held in the County of Northumberland, aſſigned on Wedneſday in the third Week of Lent, in the twenty fifth year of the Reign of King Edward in England, the Third from the Conqueſt, and the twelfth of his Reign in France, by virtue of a certain Commiſſion directed to them and William Baſſep; the Preſence of the ſaid William not being expected, by virtue of a certain Brief of our Lord the King, But of not all, &c.

    The Aſſiſes came to conſider and know, if Peter Graper, Mayor, of the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, John de Emeldon, Hugh de Angerton, Hugh de Carlel, and William de Acton Bailiffs of the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle had unjuſtly diſſeiſed John Prior of Durham from his free Tenement in the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne after Poſſeſſion, &c. And it is enquired why they diſſeiſed him from thirteen Marks and ten Shillings, the Rent with the Appurtenances, &c.

    And Peter and the others did not come; And the Sheriff declared, that the foreſaid Hugh de Angerton, and Hugh de Carlel are dead: And the foreſaid Peter is attached by Henry Glaſſen Wright, and Thomas de Newbigging; and the foreſaid John de Emeldon by Thomas de Newbigging and Thomas Stele; and the foreſaid Wiliam by Thomas de Newbigging and Henry Glaſſen Wright: Therefore they are in Mercy, and let the aforeſaid Aſſiſe be taken againſt them by Default, &c.

    And upon this the aforeſaid Prior by his Attorney ſays, That our Lord the King now reigning, by his Charter, becauſe he heard from the Teſtimony of thoſe whom he credits; That our Lord Edward, lately King of England, his Father, had in his Life, by Word of Mouth, granted to the Monks dwelling in the Iſland of Farneland near Bamburgh, which Iſland is a Cell of the Priory of Durham, ten Quarters of Corn and two Tuns of Wine, to be received every Year by the Hands of the Mayor and Bailiffs of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, as an Alms of his ſaid Father for ever. And that this Grant was not duly put in Execution in the Life-time of his ſaid Father, nor confirmed by any of his Letters. Our preſent Lord the King for the Health of the Soul of his Father, being willing to fulfil and continue his Will in this Part, hath granted to the aforeſaid Monks as a Compenſation of the aforeſaid Corn and Wine, thirteen Marks and ten Shillings, to be received every year at the Feaſt of St. Michael by the Hands of the Mayor and Bailiffs of the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne then being, from the Fee of the ſaid Town, namely, Five Marks for every Tun of Wine, and five Shillings for every Quarter of Corn, to be paid to the ſaid Monks and their Succeſſors dwelling in the foreſaid Iſland as his Alms for ever; and he produces in Court the foreſaid Charter of our preſent Lord the King, which teſtifies this, &c. And he prays Aſſiſe: Let an Aſſiſe therefore be taken, &c.

    By a Recognition of the aforeſaid Aſſiſe, they ſay upon their Oath, that the aforeſaid Prior was ſeiſed of the foreſaid Rent with the Appurtenances, 'till the foreſaid Peter and others diſſeiſed him, to the Loſs of the ſaid Prior forty one Pounds, thirteen Shillings and four Pence. It follows therefore that the aforeſaid Prior may thence recover his Seiſine againſt thoſe by a Sight of the Recognition of the Aſſiſe aforeſaid; and his Loſſes aforeſaid; and the ſaid Peter and others are in the Injury. And let not the Sheriff be omitted becauſe of the Liberty of the aforeſaid Town becauſe that otherwiſe, &c.

    [199]
An' Chriſti.Mayors.Bailiffs.
1351.Gilbert Duxfield
  • William Acton, ſen
  • Jo. del Chambers
  • Jo. Emeldon
This John de Camera here mentioned, and ſo often below, together with Gilbert Duxfield the Mayor of the year before, are undoubtedly the very people mentioned in that famous Foreign Indulgence whoſe Original is in St. Nicholas Veſtry, the Subſtance of which I have given in our Account of St. Nicholas Churh.
1352.
William Strother
  • Richard Scot
  • Jo. de Camera
  • Jo. Emeldon
  • William Acton, jun.

King Edward being diſpleaſed with the Flemings, who had withdrawn from his Alliance and married their Earl (who was contracted to one of his Daugthers) to a Daughter of the Duke of Brabant, removed the Staple of Engliſh Wool, which had been ſet up in their Country, into England, to their great Damage, but to as great Benefit of the Engliſh. Newcaſtle was then made a Staple Town; the reſt being Weſtminſter, Chicheſter, Canterbury, Lincoln, Warwick, York, Exeter, Caermarthen, Briſtol, and Hull. Echard, Rapin. N. B. Staple ſignifies this or that Town, whither the Merchants of England were by Act of Parliament to carry their Wool, Cloth, Lead and Tin, for the Selling of them by the Great. What were the Staple Commodities of this Realm may be ſeen in the Statue of of 14 Rich. II. c. 1. as Wool, Leather, Wood, Fells, Lead, Tin, &c.

Joan Queen of Scots, having got Leave of King Edward her Brother to viſit her Husband, David Bruce King of Scots, then King Edward's Priſoner, came into England with a moderate Attendance; and upon the Mediation of Joan the Queen, the Prayer of David the Priſoner, the Prelates, great Men, and Commons of Scotland, the King granted to treat with them about his Deliverance. And thereupon ſent to Newcaſtle upon Tyne the Biſhop of Dureſme, William de Bohun Earl of Northampton and Conſtable of England, Gilbert d' Umfreyvill Earl of Anegos, the Lords de Porcy and de Nevill, William Baron of Greyſtock and Henry le Scoop, his Commiſſioners, with full Power to treat with the Biſhop of St. Andrews and Brechin, Patrick of Dunbar, Earl of the March of Scotland, the Abbot of Dumſermelin, and Maſter Walter de Moffet Archdeacon of Leonoſſe, Commiſſioners for Scotland. Brady's Contin. p. 253.

1353.
Peter Graper
  • John de Emeldon
  • Jo. de Chambre
  • William de Strother
  • Wm. de Acton, jun.
1354.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.

King Edward appointed Commiſſioners to treat with the Scots concerning David's Liberty. This Negociation, which went on ſlowly, ended at length in a Treaty which was concluded at Newcaſtle, July the 13th, whereby Edward obliged himſelf to ſet David free for a Ranſome of Fourſcore thouſand Marks of Silver. This Treaty was not executed 'till 3 years after, viz. 1357. Rapin, Act. Publ. V. p. 793, 799.

1355.Wm. del Strother
  • William Acton
  • John Emeldon
  • Richard Scott.
  • Jo. Chambre
    The King having received news that the Scots had ſurprized the Town of Berwick, marched in the latter End of November with a great Army towards Scotland, and kept his Chriſtmas at Newcaſtle upon Tyne. Brad. Contin. 256.
1356.The ſame.Nich. Barrot
1357.The ſame.
  • Jo. Emeldon
  • Nich. Barrot
  • Jo. de Camera
  • Nich. Acton.
    Caſtle-Field and Caſtle-moor confirmed to the Town of Newcaſtle. Vide our Account of theſe Places.
1358.The ſame.
  • Jo. de Emeldon
  • Jo. del Chambers
  • Nich. Barrot
  • Will de Acton
1359.The ſame.
  • Jo. de Camera
  • Will. de Acton
  • Jo. de Emeldon
  • Nich.
1360.Wm. de Strother.
  • Jo. de Camera
  • Wm. de Acton
  • Jo. de Emeldon
  • Nich.
1361.Jo. Chambers.
  • Jo. Emeldon
  • Jo. de Ruffen
  • Jo. Stanhope
  • Elias de Frawhitt
    A great Dearth and Peſtilence in England.
1362.The ſame.
  • Jo. de Emeldon
  • Elias de Frawhitt
  • Jo. de Stanhope
  • Robert de Duxfield
    This Year the King gave to this Town a Grant for 10 years of certain Duties upon Goods and Merchandizes for Repiaring of Bridges.
1363.Rob. Angerton
  • Jo. Emeldon
  • Jo. Stanhope
  • Wm. Acton
  • Jo. Byker
    A Froſt in England from the midſt of September to the Month of April.
1364.The ſame
  • Wm. de Acton,
  • Jo. Ruffan
  • Jo. de Stanhope
1365.Rich. de Stanhope
  • Wm. de Acton
  • Jo. de Emeldon
  • Jo. Stanhope
  • Jo. de Ruffan
1366.Wm. de Acton
  • Jo. de Stanhope
  • Tho. Graper
  • Jo. de Ruffan
  • Jo. de Byker
1367.The ſame.
  • Jo. de Emeldon
  • Jo. de Preſton
  • Jo. de Byker
  • Jo. Houghell
1368.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.
1369.Rob. Angreton
  • Tho. Graper
  • Jo. Bulkham
  • Jo. Ruffan
  • Steph. Whitgrave
    E Teſtamento Nicholai Coke Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam dato tertio die Septemb.
    • Do & Lego, 1. FRatribus Carmelitanis Novi Caſtri ſexaginta Petras Ferri.
    • 2. Fratribus Praedicatoribus ejuſdem Villae, viginti ſex ſolidos, & octo denarios.
    • 3. Fratribus minoribus viginti ſolidos.
    • 4. Fratribus Auguſtininis viginti ſolidos.
    • 5. Summo Altari B. Nicholai viginti ſolidos.
    • 6. Altari B. Mariae Eccleſiae praedictae ſex ſolidos, & octo denarios.
    • 7. Fabricae Capellae S. Johannis treſdecim ſolidos & quatuor denarios.
    • 8. Fabricae Feneſtrae in Choro S. Nicholai viginti ſolidos.
    • 9. Capellanis ad celebrandum pro anima mea in Eccleſia S. Nicholai triginta Libras.
    From the Will of Nicholas Coke of the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, dated the third Day of September.
    • I give and bequeath, 1. TO the Carmelite Brethren of Newcaſtle Sixty Stone of Iron.
    • 2. To the preaching Brethren of the ſaid Town, twenty ſix Shillings and eight Pence.
    • 3. To the Minor Brethren twenty Shillings.
    • 4. To the Auguſtin Brethren twenty Shillings.
    • 5. To the High Altar of St. Nicholas twenty Shillings.
    • 6. To the Alar of St. Mary's in the foreſaid Church ſix Shillings and four Pence.
    • 7. To the Fabric of the Chapel of St. John thirteen Shillings and four Pence.
    • 8. To the Fabric of the Window in the Choir of St. Nicholas Twenty Shillings.
    • 9. To the Chaplains to celebrate for my Soul in the Church of St. Nicholas thirty Pounds.

About this year flouriſhed Nicholas Durham, born in the Northern Parts, Carmelite-Fryer at Newcaſtle, and Doctor of Divinity, a learned and conſtant Oppoſer of the Errours of John Wickleif. He writ on the Maſter of the Sentences; Originals of Doctors; Reſolutions of Queſtions; and againſt Wicklief's Articles. Steph. Addit. 2 Vol. in Carm.

1360.
The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.
1371.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.
Carta Hugonis Makſon de Novo Caſtro & Chriſtianae Uxoris ejus de uno Meſſuagio in Ballio boreali Dunelmi facta Ricardo de Caſtro Bernardi Clerico.

OMnibus ad quos praeſentes Literae pervenerint Hugo Makſon de Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam & Chriſtiana Uxor ejus Salutem in Domino ſempiternam. Noveritis Nos dediſſe, Conceſſiſſe, & hac praeſenti Carra noſtra confirmaſſe Ricardo de Caſtro Bernardi Clerico unum Meſſuagium cum Pertinentiis in Ballio boreali Dunelm. ſicut jacet inter Tenementum Magiſtri Hoſpitalis de Kepyer ex una parte & Tenementum quondam Gilberti Clerici ex altera, Habendum & tenendum praedictum Meſſuagium cum pertinentiis praedicto Ricardo, Haeredibus, & Aſſignatis ſuis de Capitalibus Dominis Feodi illius, per ſervitia debita & conſueta in perpetuum. Et nos vero praedicti Hugo & Criſtina Haeredes & Aſſignati noſtri praedictum Meſſuagium cum pertinentiis praedicto Ricardo, Haeredibus & Aſſignatis ſuis contra omnes gentes warantizabimus & in perpetuum defendemus. In cujus Rei Teſtimonium huic praeſenti Cartae ſigilla noſtra appoſuimus his Teſtibus Adamo Tabeler Capellano, Willielmo del Orchard Clerico, &c. Datum Dunelmi die Mercurii proximo poſt Feſtum S. Luciae Virginis Anno Domini 1371.

A Charter of Hugh Makſon of Newcaſtle and Chriſtian his Wife, concerning one Meſſuage in the North Baily of Durham, made to Richard of Bernard's Caſtle, Clerk.

TO all to whom theſe preſent Letters ſhall come, Hugh Makſon of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, and Chriſtian his Wife, Greeting in the Lord eternal. Know ye that We have given, granted, and by this our preſent Charter have confirmed to Richard of Bernard's Caſtle, Clerk, one Meſſuage with its Appurtenances in the North Baily of Durham, as it lies between the Tenement of the Maſter of the Hoſpital of Kepyer on the one Part, and the Tenement formerly of Gilbert Clerk on the other; To have and to hold the aforeſaid Meſſuage with it's Appurtenances to the aforeſaid Richard his Heirs and Aſſigns from the Capital Lords of that Fee, by the due and uſual Services for ever. And We the aforeſaid Hugh and Chriſtian, our Heirs and Aſſigns, the foreſaid Meſſuage with its Appurtenances, to the foreſaid Richard, his Heirs and Aſſigns, will warrant and for ever defend againſt all Mankind. In Witneſs whereof we have placed our Seals to this preſent Charter. Witneſſes Adam Tabeler Chaplain, William del Orchard Clerk, &c. Given at Durham on Wedneſday next after the Feaſt of St. Lucy the Virgin, in the year of our Lord 1371.

1372.The ſame.The ſame.
1373.The ſame.The ſame.
1374.The ſame.The ſame.
1375.William Scott
  • Jo. Stanhope
  • Tho. Graper
  • Jo. de Ruffan
  • Jo. de Byker
1376.Jo. Bulgham
  • Laurence Acton
  • Tho. de Horton
  • Robt. Plumber
  • William Durham
    The King dyed June 21 and Richard II. was crown'd in July following, when he was 9 years old.
1377.The ſame.The ſame.

Richard II. King Rich. in the 1ſt year of his Reign 1378, confirm'd to this Town all the Grants and Charters of the Kings his Predeceſſors.

1378.The ſameThe ſame.
1379.Rich. Stanhope.
  • Adam de York
  • Thomas de Morden
  • Will. Biſhopſdale
  • Robert Oliver

    One John Coke of this Town dy'd at Norham, and was buried at St. Nicholas, who left beſide Legacies to his Relations, a Quantity of Iron to the Carmelites of this Town; to the Black-Fryers 1 l. 6 s. 8 d. to the Franciſcan Fryers 20 Shillings, to the Auguſtines 20 Shillings; to the High Altar of St. Nicholas 20 Shillings; to the Altar of St. Mary in the ſame Church, 6 Shillings and 8 Pence; to the Building of the Window in the Quire of St. Nicholas 20 Shillings. He left alſo to the Chaplains to celebrate for his Soul in this ſame Church: He left alſo to the Building of the Bridge at Warkwith, in Caſe it was built within two years after the Making of his Will, 20 Marks; and in Caſe it was not, he left them to the Bridge of Bolbec. Over and above what he left his Daughter, Agnes, he bequeathed to her his Silver-Cup; to William of Durham his Girdle and 20 Shillings; and to a Number of poor Men 27 Dozen of Ruſſet, &c.

1380.The ſame.The ſame
Relaxatio Katherinae Foſſour de Terris & Tenementis Will. Sire in Qwicham, Gateſheved, & Heberne.

OMnibus ad quos praeſens ſcriptum pervenerit Katherina quae ſui uxor Johannis de Bischopdale Salutem in Domino. Noveritis Me remiſiſſe, relaxaſſe, & omnino de Me & Haeredibus meis in perperuum quietum clumaſſe Dominis Wilhelmo de Lancheſter Vicario S. Oſwaldi in Dunelmo & Welhelmo de Grayſtanes Capellano, Haeredibus & Aſſignatis ſuis totum Jus & Clameum quod habui, habeo ſeu aliquo modo habere potero in omnibus terris & tenementis, Redditibus, & Servitiis, cum ſuis pertinentiis, ac in Reverſionibus quibuſcun (que) quae quondam fuerunt Wilhelmi Sire in Gateſheved Whycham & Heberne, ita videlicet quod nec ego praedicta Katherina, nec Haeredes mei, nec aliquis alius nomine meo in praedictis terris & Tenementis Redditibus & Servitiis, ac Reverſionibus cum ſuis Pertinentiis aliquod Jus vel Clameum de caetero exigere vel vendicare poterimus, ſed ab omni Juris Actione ſimus excluſi in perpetuum per praeſentes. Et Ego vero Katherina & Haeredes mei omnia praedicta, terras & Tenementa, Redditus & Servitia, cum Reverſionibus & ſuis Pertinentiiſ univerſis praeſatis Wilhelmo & Wilhelmo, Haeredibus & Aſſignatis ſuis contra omnes gentes warantizabimus, acquietabimus, & in perpetuum defendemus. In cujus rei Teſtimonium huie ſcripto Sigillum meum appoſui his teſtibus Roberto Oliver, de Novo Caſtro, Johanne de Elvet de Dunelm. Gilberto ſilio ejus, Hugone de Corbrigg, & aliis. Datum apud Novum Caſtrum viceſimo octavo die Auguſti, anno Domini 1380.

A Releaſe of Katharine Foſſour from the Lands and Tenements of William Sire in Qwicham, Gateſheved, and Heberne.

TO all to whom this preſent Waiting ſhall come, I Katherine, who was the Wife of John de Biſchopdale, Greeting in the Lord. Know ye, that I have remitted, releaſed, and altogether from me and my Heirs have for ever quitted Claim to the Maſters William de Lancheſter Vicar of St. Oſwald's in Durham, and William de Grayſtanes Chaplain, to their Heirs and Aſſigns, all the Right and Claim, which I had, have, or any way may have in all the Lands and Tenements, Rents and Services, with their Appurtenances, and in whatever Reverſions which formerly were of William Sire, in Gateſheved Whycham and Heberne. namely ſo, that neither I the foreſaid Katherine, nor my Heirs, nor any other in my Name, may for the Future demand or challenge any Right or Claim in the foreſaid Lands and Tenements, Rents and Services, and Reverſions with their Appurtenances, but may for ever be excluded from all Action of Law by theſe Preſents. And I Katherine and my Heirs all the foreſaid Lands and Tenements, Rents and Services, with the Reverſions and all their Appurtenances to the aforeſaid William and William,t heir Heirs and Aſſigns will warrant, acquit, and for ever defend againſt all Mankind. In Witneſs whereof I have placed my Seal to this Writing. Witneſſes, Robert Oliver of Newcaſtle, John de Elvet of Durham, Gilbert his Son, Hugh de Corbrigg, and others. Given at Newcaſtle the Twenty Fighth Day of Auguſt, in the Year of our Lord 1380.

An' Chriſti.Mayors.Bailiffs.
Thomas Hatfield, Biſhop of Durham dy'd in the beginning of May, and was ſuceeded by John Fordham, who was conſecrated to this See, May the 29th, this ſame year, and was enthroned Sept. 1382.
1381.
The ſame.The ſame.
There was a general Earthquake, of the Effects of which the Waters did partake, inſomuch that it made the Ships in the Havens to totter.
1382.
Will. Biſhopſdale
  • Lurentius Acton
  • Jo. Heworth
  • Wm. Johnſon
  • Jo. Thornton
1383.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.
The Biſhop of Durham was hindred from meddling with any Thing to the River Tyne.
1384.
The ſame.The ſame.
1385.The ſame.The ſame. The ſame.
1386.Adam Bulkham
  • Laurentuis Acton
  • Sampſon Harding
  • Rob. de Raynton
  • Jo. de Horton
1387.The ſame.The ſame.

There happened this year at Otterbourne in Northumberland, a ſlout Engagement between the Scots and Engliſh, Victory 3 or 4 Times changing Sides, and at laſt fixing with the Scots, (for Henry Percy for his youthful forwardneſs By-named Hotſpur) who Commanded the Engliſh, was himſelf taken Priſoner, and loſt fifteen hundred of his Men; and William Douglas the Scotch General fell with the greateſt Part of his Army, ſo that never was there a greater Inſtance of the Martial Proweſs of both Nations. Camb. Brit. p. 850.

The Annotator upon this has the following Words, ‘We may be allowed to remark here what a Perſon of great Honour and Skill in our Engliſh, Antiquities has held before, that the old Ballad of Chevy Chace, (Sir Philip Sidney's Delight) has no other Foundation for its Story, ſave only the Battle of Otterburne. There was never any other Percy engaged againſt a Douglas, but this Henry, who was indeed Heir to the Earl of Northumberland, but never lived to enjoy the Honour himſelf. Sir John Froyſart (who lived at that Time) gives the fulleſt Account of the Darcl [...], but ſays [...]rova [...] Bard James Douglas who was the Scottiſh General.’ See Eachard, Rapin.

John Nevil, Lord Raby, dy'd at Newcaſtle, poſſeſſed of the Barony and Caſtle of Bywell; Walter Skirlaw, Biſhop of Wells was removed from thence to Durham, in the room of John Fordham, in the Month of September.

1388.
The ſame.The ſame.
1389.The ſame.The ſame.
This Year was granted to this Mayor, that he and his Succeſſors ſhould have a Sword born before them.
1390.
Wm. BiſhopdaleThe ſame.
1391.The ſame.
  • Laurentius Acton
  • William Johnſon
  • John de Aukland
  • Hen. de Carliol
1392.The ſame.The ſame.
1393.The ſame.The ſame.
1394.The ſame.The ſame.
1395.The ſame.The ſame.
1396.Sampſon HardingThe ſame.
1397.The ſame.The ſame.
1398.The ſame.The ſame.
The King was ſent to the Tower and depoſed. He reſign'd his Crown on Friday September 29th, and Henry Duke of Lancaſter was proclaimed King by the Name of Henry 4th.
1399.
The ſame.The ſame.
1400.Roger ThortonThe ſame

Henry IV. This King, May 23. in the the 1ſt Year of his Reign, was humbly petitioned by the Burgeſſes of Newcaſtle, that his Majeſty would be graciouſly pleaſed to divide the Town and Corporation from the County of Northumberland, and grant them a Sheriff with more Liberties and Immunities; which was granted, and that the Corporation of Newcaſtle ſhould be a diſtinct County of itſelf disjoined from the County of Northumberland, which was not to meddle in the ſaid new County, as by the Charter appears more at large, upon Record in the Tower of London. Gardener.

He granted by the ſame Charter, that a Sheriff was to be annually choſen inſtead of Bailiffs, that he ſhould keep a Court on Wedneſday from Month to Month, in the ſame Manner as the other Sheriffs of the Kingdom held theirs. The Sheriff was to account before the Barons by an Attorney deputed, which ſhould be authentic, and to have Return of all Writs, &c.

Afterwards William Redmerſhall was elected the firſt Sheriff.

The ſame King alſo, of his more abundant Kindneſs to the Burgeſſes of this Town; as appears by the ſame Charter; gave them a Power of chuſing from among themſelves Et ulterius uberiori Gratia noſtra conceſſimus, &c. quod ipſi ſingulis annis de ſepſis eligere poſſint ſex Aldermannos toties quoties neceſſe fuerit. Lib. Cart. ſix Aldermen, each of which had given him the full Power of a Juſtice of Peace.

After Kings confirmed to the Mayor and Commonalty all the Royalties of the River Tyne from Sparrow-hawk to Heddin Streams, and that no Ship load or unload any manner of Goods, Wares, and Merchandizes in any Place of the River but only the Key of Newcaſtle. Grey.

This is mentioned in the Charter where the Conteſt is mentioned between the Town and the Prior of Tinmouth. Lib. Cart. p. 87, 88.

An' Chriſti.Mayors.Sheriffs.
1401.The ſame.William Redmarſhaes

This Year our eminent Roger Thornton tranſacted the following Leaſe with Walter Skirlaw, then Biſhop of Durham; a Piece to be valued for ſome not impertinent Expreſſions.

CET Endenture faite par entre Wauter par la Grace de Dieu Eveſque du Dureſme d'une partie, & Roger de Thorneton de Noeſ-chaſtell ſur Tyne d'autre part, teſmoigne, que le dit Eveſque a graunte & a ferme leſſe a l'avaunt dit Roger un myngrove de plumbe appelle Blakden Eſter & Weſter, & un autre myngrove de plumbe appelle Aldwode-clogh, & un autre place appelle Harderake, a avoir & tenir a l'avaunt dit Roger & ſes Aſſignez a terme de duſze ans procheyn enſuants apres les Feſt de Seynt Mychell darrein paſſe, rendant ent par an a l'avant dit Eveſque & a ſes Succeſſours le neur lade de c [...]m de plumbe tantoſt come iſ eſt gaine & demaunde par aſcun miniſtre de l'avaunt dit Eveſque a ce aſſignes de recevir. Et le dit Roger avera une convenable Shele en le Foreſt de Werdale pour la ſuſtinaunce de ſes chivalx cariants le eour provenant de les dits groves, paiant ent annuelment a le meiſtre Foreſter la aunciene ferme. Et le dit Roger overa & maynuvra bien & ſuffiſauntement par vieu de Surveiour de nos mynes illoques tous les groves & place avantdits, & cheſcun de eux par tour le temps avant dit ſolone la Ley & Cuſtome de myne de plumbe in Werdale: Et ſi aſcun de les groves ou place avant dits giſt nient maynures par demy an devis le Ferme ſuſdit, adonqs ben life a le dit Eveſque & ſes Succeſſours maynuvrer ou leſſer a Ferme a ſa volontee ceſte grove ou place qui gieſt enſyment maynuvres. Et le dit Eveſque voet & graunt que le dit Roger eſt ſuffiſamentes de maereme a ſon meliour eaſe pour la ſuſtinaunce & mayntenaunce de les myngroves & place avandites par vieu de meiſtre Foreſtier durant le terme avantdir. Et le dit Roger avera Wayleve pour ſon cariage pour les avantdits eour de plumbe & maereme & autres neceſſairs a ce appourtenaunts durant le terme ſuſdit. En Teſmoignaunce de quelx choſe ſi bien le dit Eveſque come l'avant dit Roger a ceſtes Evidences entrechaungeablement ont mys lour Sealx. Donne le premier jour de December, l'an du reigne le Roy Henry quart puis le conqueſt tierce.

THIS Indenture made between Walter by the Grace of God Biſhop of Durham on the one Part, and Roger Thornton of Newcaſtle upon Tyne of the other Part, witneſſeth, That the ſaid Biſhop hath granted and to Farm demiſed to the foreſaid Roger one Myne of Lead called Blakden the Eaſter and Weſter, and another Lead Myne called Aldwode-clough, and an other Place called Harderake, to have and to hold to the aforeſaid Roger and his Aſſigns for the Term of twelve Years next enſuing after the Feaſt of St. Michael laſt paſt, paying for the ſame yearly to the above named Biſhop and to his Succeſſors the ninth Load of Lead Ore, as ſoon as it ſhall be wrought and be demanded by any Officer of the above named Biſhop aſſigned to receive the ſame. And the ſaid Roger ſhall have a convenient Sheeld in the Foreſt de Weredale for the ſeeding of his Horſes uſed in the Carriage of ſuch Ore as the ſaid Groves produce, paying yearly to the capital Foreſter the uſual Rent therefor. And the ſaid Roger ſhall keep open and well and ſufficiently work all theſe Groves and Place during the Term aforeſaid, under the Inſpection of our Surveyor of all our Mynes, according to the Laws and the Cuſtom of the Weredale Lead Mynes: And if any of the ſaid Groves or the Place aforeſaid ſhall remain unwrought half a Year after granting the ſaid Farm, it ſhall be lawful for the ſaid Biſhop and his Succeſſors to work or convey by a new Leaſe at their Pleaſure ſuch Groove or Place as lies ſo unwrought. And the ſaid Biſhop yields and conſents that the ſaid Roger ſhall have Timber in ſufficient Quantities at his Pleaſure, neceſſary for the Support and good Preſervation of the ſaid Mynes and Place, by the Inſpection of the chief Foreſter during the aforeſaid Term. And the ſaid Roger ſhall enjoy free Wayleave to his Carriages as well of Lead Ore as Timber and other Neceſſaries thereunto appertaining, during the Term named. In Witneſs whereof, as well the ſaid Biſhop as the before named Roger have interchangeably to this Evidence affixed their Seals. Dated the firſt Day of December, in the third Year of the Reign of King Henry the Fourth.

1402.Robert Chirdon.John Bywellgne.
1403.The ſame.The ſame.
Confirmatio Willielmi de Norham Capellani ſuper cuſtodia Cantariae B. Mariae in Eccleſia de Gateſheved ante ſeptuaginta annos fundatae, cum ejuſdem Confirmatione Epiſcopali & Capitulari.

UNIVERSIS Chriſti fidelibus praeſentes Literas inſpecturis Johannes Prior & Capitulum Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. Salutem in Auctore Salutis. Noverit Univerſitas veſtra nos Literas venerabilis Patris & Domini, Dom. Walteri Dei gratia Dunelm. Epiſcopi inſpexiſſe Tenorem, qui ſequitur, continentes. Walterus Dei gratia Epiſcopus Dunelm. Omnibus ad quos praeſentes Literae pervenerint Salutem. Inſpeximus quandam Cartam fundationis & creationis cujuſdam Cantariae in Eccleſia parochiali de Gateſheved in haec verba. Sciant praeſentes & futuri quod nos Alanus filius Rogeri Preſter & Alanus dictus Preſter de Gateſheved Dunolm. Dioceſ. ad cultus divini augmentationem, pro Animabus noſtris, patrum & matrum noſtrorum, & omnium parentum, omnium (que) fidelium defunctorum dedimus, conceſſimus, & hac praeſenti carta noſtra cirographata confirmavimus Dom. Rogero de Thorington Capellano ſuo perpetuo ſingulis diebus ad altare B. Mariae Virginis in porticu boriali in Eccleſia parochiali de Gateſheved divina celebraturo totum illud tenementum cum fuis pertinent. prout ſe extendit inter tenementum illud quod Adam Broun quondam tenuit ex parte boriali & curſum fontis vocati Saynt Marywell ex parte auſtrali, & totum illud tenementum cum pertin. ſuis ſicut jacet infra villam de Gateſheved inter meſſuagium Gilberti Maitoun ex parte una, & meſſuagium Alani Seler ex altera; & unum meſſuagium cum pertin. in Pipewellgate prout jacet inter terram Gilberti Gategang & terram Roberti Tryppe & extendit ſe in longitudine de Hengledyk uſ (que) ad Ground Ebb de Tyne; & unum meſſuagium cum pertin in Helgate ſicut jacet in latitudine inter terram quondam Clementis de Boveria ex parte una & communem Runilum ex parte altera, & extendit ſe in longitudine a venello de Helgate uſ (que) le Ground Ebb de Tyne; & totum illud tenementum cum ſuis pertin. prout jacet in latitudine inter terram Petri de Lewe ex parte una & terram Thomae de Vaux ex parte altera, & extendit ſe in longitudine a via Regia uſ (que) ad terras Dominicas ex parte orientali; & illud meſſuagium cum ſuis pertin. ſicut jacet in latitudine inter venellum quod dicitur S. Mariae infra villam de Gateſheved ex parte boriali & terram Walteri de Crayk ex parte auſtrali, & extendit ſe in longitudine a via Regia uſ (que) ad terram praedicti Walteri ex parte orientali, & quondam terram in villa de Gateſheved jacentem in longitudine a via juxta murum cimaeterii, uſ (que) ad terram quondam Stephani Praepoſiti in Aykewelgate, & in latitudine a via Regia in Aykewelgate uſ (que) ad terram Ricardi Schell; & totum illud tenementum cum ſuis pertin. ſicut jacet in longitudine & latitudine inter meſſuagium quondam Radulphi Tinctoris ex parte una, & meſſuag. Hugonis Tinctoris ex parte altera; & totum illud meſſuagium cum edificiis & pertin. ſicut jacet in latitudine inter meſſuag. quondam Hugonis Piſcarii ex parte una, & meſſuag. Johannis Gategang ex parte altera, & extendit ſe in longitudine ab alta via uſ (que) Runilum qui ducit de fonte B. Helenae. Item totum illud meſſuag. cum edificiis & pertin. ſuis in villa de Gateſheved ſicut jacet in longitudine a via Regia uſ (que) Aykewelburn, & in latitudine inter terram Willielmi Lardener ex parte una, & terram Alani Seler ex parte altera: Item totum illud meſſuag cum adifi [...] & per [...]iu [...] ſuis ſicut jacet in Aykewelgate in longitudine a via Regia uſ (que) ad Dominicas terras Dom. Epiſcopi Dunelm. & in latitudine inter terram Petri Fullonis ex parte una, & terram quondam Thomae Mylis ex altera parte: Item unum annuum redditum ſex ſolidorum & octo denariorium exeuntem de toto illo tenemento cum pertin ſicut jacet in latitudine inter tenementum in quo Robertus Litteſter inhabitavit ex parte una, & terram quam Petrus Litteſter tenet in feodo de Gilberto Gategang, & in longitudine a via Regia uſ (que) ad currilegium Johannis Roughed, una cum omnibus aliis & ſingulis terris, redditibus, & tenementis, quae & quas die confectionis praeſentium habuimus, ſeu nobis ex dono, feoffamento, ſive jure haereditario proveniebant aut deſcendebant infra villam de Gateſheved five in territorio ejuſdem, habenda & tenenda dicto Dom. Rogero de Thorington & ſucceſſoribus ſuis Capellanis ad dictum altare divina, ut ſupradictum eſt, celebraturis de Capitalibus Dominis Feodi illius per ſervitia inde debita & conſueta libere, quiere, integre, bene & in pace in perpetuum. Et volumus quod poſt deceſſum noſtrum communitas villae de Gateſheved habeat jus patronatus dictae Cantariae, ita quod duodecim, decem, vel octo, de probioribus & diſcretioribus hominibus dictae communitatis ad hoc eligendi poſſint ad dictam Cantariam, quotieſcun (que) ipſam vacare contigerit poſt deceſſum Rogeri de Thorington Capellani, unum Capellanum idoneum & honeſtum eligere, & in dicta Cantaria cum omnibus ſuis juribus & pertin. in corporalem poſſeſſionem inducere. Et quod ſic fiat electio & inſtitutio in perpetuum, volumus etiam quod praeſatus Rogerus de Thorington Capellanus per nos ſic electus, & omnes ſui ſucceſſores ſtatim a tempore ſuae admiſſionis & electionis ad candem Cantatiam, continuam & perſonalem ſaciant reſidentiam, divina, ut ſupra dictum eſt, ſingulis diebus per annum a Canone licite proviſis, celebrando: Quam quidem reſidentiam, ſi canonico ipſi Capellani impedimento facere nequiveriut, ceſſante illo impedimento, ad eam redeant faciendom, unuſquiſ (que) ſucceſſive poſt alium. Volumus etiam, quod ſinguli Capellani ad dictam Cantariam, ut praemittitur, ſic electi Rectori Eccleſiae parochialis de Gateſheved, qui pro tempore fuerit, de obſervando Eccleſiam ſuam de ſuis juribus univerſis & ſingulis indemnem corporale facient juramentum. Et nos Alanus filins Rogeri Proſter, & Alanus dictus Preſter, & haeredes noſtri omnia praedicta terras, redditus, & tenementa, cum omnibus ediſiciis & pertin. ſuis praedicto Rogero de Thorington & ſucceſſoribus ſuis Capellanis, ut praedictum eſt contra omnes gentes warantizabimus & deſendemus in perpetuum. In cujus rei Teſtimonium tam nos Alanus & Alanus, quam dictus Ds. Rogerus huic Cartae cirographatae Sigilla noſtra appoſuimus, & ad majorem ſidem Sigillum Communitatis villae de Gateſheved apponi procuravimus: His Teſtibus Petro de Lewe tunc Ballivo de Gateſheved, Joh. Gategang, Jacobo Gategang, Willielmo ſillo Hutredi, Rogero Rede, Roberto Horne. Thoma Vaux, Steph. Nedoler, Thoma de Bowes, Waltero Potter, Radulpho Brydok, Johanne Lardener, Ricardo de Teſedall, Willielmo Horner, & aliis. Dat. apud Gateſheved die Deminica in Feſto Matthiae Apoſtoli, Anno Doin. 1330. Quae omnia & ſingula in praedicta Caria contenta, data, conceſſa, & ſacta ſuerunt, Licentia noſtra ſeu predeceſſorum noſtrorum ſuper hoc non obtenta. Nos enim ad Honorem Dei, S. Mariae Virginis, & in augmentationem divini ſervitii, ad ſupplicationem tam Willielmi de Norham nunc Cuſtodis Cantariae praedictae, quam Communitatis villae praedictae, creationem & fundationem praedictas, necnon donationem & conceſſionem de praedictis terris, tenementis, & redditibus, cum ſuis pertin. praedicto Rogero & ſucceſſoribus ſuis in forma praedicta ſactas, & omnia alia in dicta Carta contenta, rata, habentes & grata, ea (que) [207] pro nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris, quantum in nobis eſt, approbamus, ratificamus, & tenore praeſentium concedimus & confirmamus, ſtatuto de terris & tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponendis edito non obſtante. Concedimus etiam per praeſentes tam ad ſupplicationem praedicti Willielmi de Norham, nunc Cuſtodis, quam praedictae Communitatis, quod praedictus Willielmus de Norham, Capellanus nunc Cuſtos praedictae Cantariae & ſucceſſores ſui Capellani habeant omnia praedicta terras, tenementa, & redditus cum pertin. habenda & tenenda praedicto Willielmo de Norham & ſucceſſoribus ſuis Capellanis Cuſtodibus Cantariae praedictae, Divina ad altare praedictum pro anima noſtra, & pro animabus patris & matris noſtrorum, & pro animabus dictorum Alani & Alani, & pro animabus patrum & matrum eorum, & pro animabus omnium fidelium defunctorum in perpetuum celebraturis ut praedictum eſt. Concedimus etiam praedictae Communitati ad ſupplicationem ipſius Communitatis, quod ipſi & ſucceſſores ſui habeant & poſſideant jus patronatus Cantariae praedictae, & quod duodecim, decem, vel octo de probioritus & diſcretioribus hominibus Communitatis praedictae ad hoc per Communitatem praedictam eligendi, poſſunt ad dictam Cantatiam poſt deceſſum praefati Willielmi de Norham, quandocun (que) ipſam vacare contigerit, unum Capellanum idoneum & honeſtum nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris praeſentare, qui cum per nos aut ſucceſſores admiſſus & inſtitutus fuerit per Rectorem Eccleſiae parochialis de Gateſheved, qui pro tempore fuerit, & ſeu eo abſente, aut ipſa Eccleſia vacante, per Capellanum parochialem ejuſdem, in corporalem poſſeſſionem dictae Cantariae cum omnibus ſuis juribus & pertin. auctoritate noſtra inducatur, & continuam reſidentiam faciat, ad altare praedictum Divina celebrando ſecundum formam, vim, & effectum Cartae praedictae. Ita tamen quod dictus Willielmus de Norham nunc Cuſtos dictae Cantariae, & ſucceſſores ſui Capellani dictae Cantariae, in eorum admiſſione corporale praeſtent juramentum de orando pro anima noſtra, & animabus patris & matris noſtrorum, & pro animabus praedictorum Alani & Alani, ac pro animabus patrum & matrum eorum, & animabus omnium fidelium defunctorum in forma ſupradicta ſtatuto de terris & tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponendis edito non obſtante. In cujus rei Teſtimonium has Literas noſtras fieri fecimus Patentes. Dat. Dunelm. per manus Roberti de Wycliff Cancellarii noſtri, fecundo die Novemb. anno Pontif. noſtri quinto decimo.

Quas quidem Literas nos Prior & Capitulum memorati ratas habentes & gratas eas pro nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris ratificamus, approbamus, & tenore praeſentium confirmamus. In cujus rei Teſtimonium Sigillum noſtrum commune praeſentibus eſt appenſum. Dat. in domo noſtra Capitulari octavo die Auguſti, An. Dom. 1403.

[206]
1404.The ſame.The ſame.
Reginaldus Porter Vicarius Eccleſiae Paroch. de Pittington, conſtitutus Cuſtos Hoſpitalis B. Edmundi in Gateſheved.

WALTERUS Permiſſione DivinaDunelm. Epiſcopus, dilecto filio Reginaldo Porter perpetuo Vicario parochialis Eccleſiae de Pitington noſtrae Dioceſ. ſalutem, gratiam & benedictionem. De tuis igitur fidelitate, prudentia, & conſcientia puritate plenius confidentes, Cuſtodiam Hoſpitalis B. Edmundi Regis in Gateſheved noſtrorum Patronatus & Dioceſ. ad totam vitam tuam committimus & concedimus per praeſentes, tuam expreſſe onerantes conſcientiam, ut bona ipſius Hoſpitalis diligenter congreges & conſerves, ac in uſus deputatos fideliter facias erogari. Per hoc autem nolumus nec intendimus naturam ſeu fundationem dicti Hoſpitalis in aliquo immutare. quin te decente, ſeu dictum Hoſpitale quovis modo dimittente Hoſpitale praedictum alteri perſoni idoneae, in natura Hoſpitalis, & forma Clementinae quia contingit liber, committi valeat, hac noſtra commiſſione ſeu conceſſione penitus non obſtante. In cujus rei Teſtimonium, Sigillum noſtrum fecimus his apponi. Dat. apud manerium noſtrum de Aukland, tertio die menſisDecemb. noſtrae tranſlationis anno undecimo.

1405.The ſame.The ſame.
1406.The ſame.The ſame.

This Year died Walter Skirlaw Biſhop of Durham: Thomas Langley ſucceeded, and was conſecrated May the 7th.

Confirmatio ſuper quibuſdam Redditibus amortuatis ad Cantariam in Eccleſia Omnium Sanctorum in Novo Caſtro.

UNIVERSIS Chriſti fidelibus praeſentes Literas inſpecturis, Johannes Prior & Conventus Eccleſiae cathedral. Dunelm ſalutem in Dom. ſempiternam. Noveritis nos Literas venerabilis in Chriſto Patris & Domini, Dom. Walteri Dei gratla Epiſcopi Dunelm. ſub tenore qui ſequitur, inſpexiſſe.Walterus Dei gratia EpiſcopusDunelm. omnibus ad quos praeſentes literas pervenerim, ſalutem. Quia accepimus per inquiſitionem quam per Robertum Conyers Eſcaetorum noſtrum in Comitat.Dunelm. fieri fecimus, quod non eſt ad damnum vel prejudicium noſtrum aut aliorum, ſi concedamus Ricardo Fyſſchlake Capellano, quod ipſe unum meſſuag. cum pertin. in Gateſheved, quod jacet inter tenementum Agnetis Lutter ex parte boreali, quondam in tenura Thomae de Moderby, & tenementum Nelae de Chatton, quod quondam fuit in tenura Thomae Stirteys Militis, ex parte auſtrali; & quendam annuum redditum novem ſolidorum & ſex denariorum excuntem de tenemenio nuper Johannis Cuke deſuncti, modo in tenura Margaretae, uxoris ejus in eadem villa, quae de nobis tenentur in capite, dare poſſit & aſſignare dilecto nobis in Chriſto Ricardo Willesby Capellano Cuſtodi Cantariae S. Johannis Evangeliſtae in Eccleſia Omnium Sanctorum in villa Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, habenda & tenenda ſibi & ſucceſſoribus ſuis Capellanis & Cuſtodibus Cantariae praedictae, in ſubventionem ſuſtentationis ſuae de nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris per ſervitia inde debita & conſueta in perpetuum: & eidem Ricardo Willesby quod ipſe praedicta meſſuagium & rodditum cum pertin. a praefato Ricardo Fyſſblake recipete poſſit & tenere ſibi & ſucceſſoribus ſuis praedictis Capellanio Cuſtodibus Cantariae praudictae in perpetuum, ſicut praedictum eſt, tenore praeſentium familiter licentiam dedimus ſpecialem, ſtatuto de terris & tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponendis edito non obſtante. Nolentes quod praedictus Ricardus Fyſſblake vel haeredes ſui, aut praefatus Ricardus Willesby vel ſucceſſores ſui ratione praemiſſorum per nos vel ſucceſſores noſtros, Juſticiarios, Eſcaetores, Vicecomites, aut alios Ballivos, ſeu Miniſtros noſtros quoſcun (que) occaſionentur, moleſtentur in aliquo, ſeu [208] graventur: Salvis ſemper nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris, & aliis Capitalibus Dominis feodi illius, redditibus & ſervitiis inde debitis & conſuetis. In cujus rei Teſtimonium has Literas noſtras fieri fecimus Patentes. Dat. Dunelm. per manus Rob. de Wycliff Cancellarii noſtri, viceſimo die Octob. anno Pontif. noſtri ſeptimo decimo.

Quas quidem Literas nos Prior & Conventus memorati ratas habentes pariter & acceptas, eas pro nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris ratificamus, approbamus, & tenore praeſentium confirmamus, juribus & libertatibus Eccleſiae Dunelm. in omnibus ſemper ſalvis. In cujus rei Teſtimonium Sigillum commune Capituli noſtri praeſentibus eſt appenſum. Dat. Dunelm. in domo noſtra Capitulari, decimo die menſis Novemb. Anno Dom. 1406.

[207]
1407.The ſame.The ſame.
1408.The ſame.The ſame.
1409.William AughtonWilliam Middleton
1410.The ſame.The ſame.
1411.The ſame.The ſame.
The King died March the 20th, and the next Day his Son King Henry V. was proclaimed King, and Crowned April the 9th.
1412.
The ſame.The ſame.
Henry V.
1413.
The ſame.The ſame
1414.Robert HebbornWilliam Middleton

In this Year when King Henry was preparing to lead his Forces into France, a Conſpiracy at home againſt his Life was diſcovered, the Conſpirators being Richard Earl of Cambridge, Brother of the Duke of York, the Lord Scroope, Lord Treaſurer, and Sir Thomas Grey of Werk in Northumberland, Privy Counſellors, at the Inſtigation of the French, who particularly corrupted Scroope during his Embaſſy in France the Year before: Who being executed, Scroope's Head was ſent to York, and Sir Thomas Grey's to Newcaſtle, to be Spectacles of Terror to all Beholders. Complete Hiſtory of England, Vol. I. p. 316.

1415.
The ſame.The ſame.
1416.Roger ThorntonJohn del Strother
1417.The ſame.The ſame.
Mandatum ad vocand. certas mulieres de Novo Caſtro ad paenas eis injunctas, pro eo quod attemptaverint tranſire ad feretrum S. Cuthberti.

DOmini Dunelm. Epiſcopi Officialis Capellanis parochialibus Eccleſiarum S. Nicholai & Omnium Sanctorum villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam falutem in Auctore Salutis. Cum nuper Matildis Burgh & Margareta Uſſhar ſervientes ut aſſerunt Petri Baxter dictae villae, ex inſtigatione diabolica inductae, & auſu temerario ad Eccleſiam cathedralem Dunelmen. acceſſiſſent veſtibus virilibus indutae, eo animo & intenſione, ut ad feretrum Sanctiſſ. Confeſſoris Cuthberti perſonaliter accederent, ſcientes hoc eſſe prohibitum mulieribus quibuſcun (que) ſub poena excommunicationis majoris, & violationis Eccleſiae libertatis. Cum (que) de hoc gravi facitiore coram nobis pro tribunali ſedentibus convictae fuiſſent & confeſſatae, & cum talibus delictis voluntas progrediens ad ulteriora reputatur praeſto de conſenſu Magiſtri Johannis Houteman Dom. noſtri Epiſcopi Dunelm. Vicarii Generalis, ac aliorum Juriſperitorum nobis adrunc aſſidentium, dictis mulieribus in forma juris juratis poenitentias injunximus pro commiſſo, viz. quod utra (que) earum incedat coram proceſſione tribus diebus ſeſtivis circa Eccleſiam S. Nicholai, & aliis tribus diebus feſtivis circa Eccleſiam Omnium Sanctorum praedictas in eiſdem veſtibus virilibus, eiſdem modo & forma quibus ad dictam Eccleſiam cathedralem Dunelm. tam temerarie accedebant. Vobis igitur injungimus & mandamus, quatenus dictas mulieres ad agend. dictas poenitentias, ut praemittitur alternis diebus in veſtris Eccleſiis convocetis, & cauſam quare talem peragunt poenitentiam populo publice & ſolemniter nuncietis, ne aliae mulieres de caetero in tantam prorumpere audaciam delinquendi valeant: Citantes nihilominus dictum Petrum Baxter & uxorem ejus, quod compareant coram nobis vel Commiſſario in galilea Dunelm. die Lunae proximo poſt feſtum S. Michaelis proxime futuro cauſam rationabilem, ſi quam habeant, quare non debeant, tanquam fautores, auctores, & conſilium dantes in hac parte, puniri in forma juris, allegaturi & proponituri, ulteriuſ (que) facturi & recepturi quod juſtitia ſuadebit: & quid feceritis in praemiſſis nos ad dictum diem & locum certificetis aperte cum iſtis literis ſigillo veſtro ſigillatis. Dat. Dunelm. 18. die menſis Septemb. Anno Dom. 1417.

Certificatorium de poenitentia duarum mulierum quae nitebantur accedere ad feretrum S. Cuthberti.

HUJUS auctoritate mandati Matildam & Margaretam infraſcriptas vocavi ad poenitentiam a vobis judicialiter illis injunctam, quae humiliter obtem perantes comparuerunt, & dictam poenitentiam devote impleverunt, circumeundo Eccleſiam Omnium Sanctorum coram proceſſionem, ſecundum modum & formam ois injunctam in ultima Dominica, & de caeteris Dominicis pariter ſunt ad dictas poenitentias, ſi meliorem gratiam non valeant invenire tamen bonum eſt ut illis gratioſe parceatur, ſi vobis placuerit, & ſic mandatum veſtrum venerabile penes me in omnibus ſum executurus, & praedictum Petrum citavi ſecundum formam mandati, & uxor praedicti Petri ſic eſt fatigata cum duobus gemellis quod honeſte non poteſt comparere.

Per Robertum Croft Capellanum Eccleſiae Omnium Sanctorum.

1418.The ſame.The ſame.
1419.The ſame.The ſame.
1420.The ſame.John de Bywell
Requietantia facta Majori & Communitati villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam.

NOVERINT Univerſi per praeſentes Nos Johannem Priorem Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. recepiſſe & habuiſſe die confectionis praeſentium de Majore & Communitate villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, per manus Monachi noſtri de Farneland novem libras, tres ſolidos, & quatuor denarios monetae Anglicanae de termino S. Michaelis Archangeli proxime praeterito ante datam praeſentium, in plenam ſolutionem cujuſdam annuae penſionis nobis & monaſterio noſtro Dunelm. per progenitores Dom. Regis de elemoſina ſua conceſſae, percipendae annuatim ad Feſtum S. Michaelis Archangeli de feodi firma villae praedictae per manus hominum ejuſdem villae. De quibus quidem novem libris, tribus ſolidis, & quatuor denariis praedictis fatemur nos fore ſolutos, dictoſ (que) Dom. Regem, Majorem, Communitatem, ac Homines dictae villae, haeredes & ſucceſſores ſuos, inde acquietamus per praeſentes. Datas tertio die Octobr. anno regni Regis Henrici quinti poſt conqueſtum Angliae octavo.

1421.William EſſingtonLaurence Acton
Dotatio Cantariae Johannis Dolfamby in Eccleſia de Gateſheved.

SCIANT Praeſentes & Futuri quod ego Johannes Dolphamby de Gateſheved dedi, conceſſi, & hac praeſenti Carta mea confirmavi Johanni Veſci Capellano Cantariae Sanctor. Johannis Apoſtoli & Evangeliſtae, & S. Johannis Baptiſtae, nuper per me fundatae in Eccleſia B. Mariae de Gateſheved, & ſucceſſoribus ſuis Capellanis ejuſdem Cantariae, quatuordecem tenementa cum omnibus ſuis pertin. in dicta villa de Gateſheved: De quibus quidem tenementis unum jacet in Akewelgate inter tenementum Johannis Wermouth ex parte boriali, & tenement. pertinens Cantariae B. Mariae in Eccleſia praedicta ex parte auſtrali, & extendit ſe a via Regia ante uſ (que) ad terras Dominicales Epiſcopi Dunelm. retro. 2. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus ſuis pertin. ſuper le Weſtrawe, ſicut jacet inter tenementum Euphaniae Copper ex parte auſtrali & tenementum Roberti Heworth ex parte boriali, & extendit a via Regia ante uſ (que) ad le Holchare retro. 3. Item alia duo tenementa pariter jacentia cum omnibus ſuis pertin. ſicut jacent ſuper le Weſtrawe inter tenementum Thomae Fleskewer ex parte auſtrali & tenementum Agnetis Surres ex parte boriali, & extendunt ſe a via Regia ante uſ (que) ad gardinum cujuſdam tenementi quod Chriſtophorus Charles tenet de me in feodo retro, cum uno gardino ſicut jacet inter tenementum praedicti Chriſtophori & tenementum meum ex parte orientali & croftum quod Willielmus Bulmer tenet de me in feodo ex parte occidentali, & extendit ſo a gardi [...] Beh [...] [...] parta auſtrali uſ (que) ad gardinum meum ex parte boriali. 5. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus ſuis pertin. ſuper le Weſtrawe ſicut jacet ſuper corneram de Pipewelgate inter tenementum Agnetis Surres ex parte auſtrali & venellam de Pipewelgate ex parte boreali, & extendit ſe a via Regia ante uſ (que) ad tenementum Rogeri de Thorneton retro. 6. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus ſuis pertin. ſuper le Eſtrawe ſicut jacet inter tenementum nuper Johannis Banke ex parte boriali & tenementum quod Willielmus Codlyng tenet de me in feodo ex parte auſtrali, & extendit ſe a via Regia ante uſ (que) ad le Ground Ebbe de Tyne retro. 7. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus ſuis pertin. ſicut jacet ſuper le Eſtrawe inter venellum vocatum Helgate ex parte boriali & tenementum Willielmi Screwane ex parte auſtrali, & extendit ſe a via Regia ante uſ (que) ad tenementum nuper Johannis Stokdale retro. 8. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus ſuis pertin. ſicut jacet ſuper le Eſtrawe inter tenementum nuper Willielmi Langeton ex parte boriali & le Overkirke Chare ex parte auſtrali, & extendit ſe a via Regia ante uſ (que) ad dictum Kirke Chare retro. 9. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus ſuis pertin. ſicut jacet ſuper le Eſtrawe inter tenementum nuper Hugonis Barbour ex parte boriali & tenementum Roberti Whelpyngton ex parte auſtrali, & extendit ſe a via Regia ante uſ (que) ad le Common Gutter retro; cum duobus ſelionibus terrae ſicut jacent inter terram Dom. Thomae Surtays Militis, ex parte auſtrali & terram Willielmi Hilton ex parte boriali, & extendit ſe ab alta via Regia ante uſ (que) ad viam quae ducit verſus Dunelm. retro 10. Item quatuor tenementa pariter jacentia ſuper le Eſtrawe inter tenementum Adae del Graunge ex parte boriali & tenementum Johannis Gilford ex parte auſtrali, cum omnibus ſuis pertin. 11. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus ſuis pertin. ſicut jacet ſuper le Eſtrawe inter tenementum nuper Roberti Galefore ex parte boriali & tenementum Johannis Sutton ex parte auſtrali, & extendit ſe a via Regia ante uſ (que) ad Akewelgate retro: Habenda & tenenda omnia praedicta & ſingula quatuordecim Tenementa, cum omnibus ſuis pertin. praefato Johanni Veſcy & ſucceſſoribus ſuis, Capellanis ejuſdem Cantariae, de Capitalibus Dominis feodorum illorum per fervitia inde debita & de jure conſueta in perpetuum. Et ego praedictus Johannes Dolphamby & haeredes mei omnia praedicta & ſingula quatuordecim tenementa, cum omnibus ſuis pertin. praefato Johanni Veſcy & ſucceſſoribus ſuis, Capellanis ejuſdem Cantariae, contra omnes gentes warantizabimus & in perpetuum deſendemus. In cujus rei Teſtimonium praeſenti Cartae meae Sigillum meum appoſui, his Teſtibus Henrico Eton Rectore Eccleſiae dictae de Gateſheved, Roberto Helton, Willielmo Gategang, Johanne Gilford, Willielmo Boltby, Roberto Cok, Thomae Hedlam, & aliis. Datum apud Gateſheved in Feſto Apoſtolorum Petri & Pauli, Ao Dom. 1421. & Ao Regis Henrici quinti poſt Conqueſt. Angliae nono.

1422.The ſame.Thomas Chirdon

Henry VI. The King died Aug. 31. His Son King Henry the VIth, in the ninth Month of his Age, was proclaimed.

1423.William EllerbyThe ſame.
1424.The ſame.The ſame.
Confirmatio Cantariae Johannis Dolphamby in Eccleſia de Gateſheved.

OMNIBUS Chriſti fidelibus praeſentes Literas inſpecturis Johannes Prior Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. & ejuſdem loci Capitulum, ſalutem in omnium Salvatore. Noveritis nos Literas Reverendi in Chriſto Patris & Domini, Dom. Thomae Deigratia, Dunelm. Epiſcopi, ſub tenore qui ſequitur, inſpexiſſe. Thomas Dei gratia Epiſcopus Dunelm. Omnibus ad quos praeſentes Literae pervenerint, ſalutem. Sciatis quod de gratia noſtra ſpeciali conceſſimus & licentiam dedimus pro nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris, quantum in nobis eſt, Johanni Dolphamby de Gateſheved, quod ipſe quandam Cantariam de uno Capellano divina ſingulis diebus in Eccleſia parochiali B. Mariae de Gateſheved, pro ſalubriſtatu noſtro & ipſius Johannis dum vixerimus, & pro animabus noſtris, cum ab hac luce migraverimus, ac animabus Willielmi Johanſon nuper burgenſis villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, ac patrum, matrum, uxorum, liberorum, fratrum, ſororum, parentum, benefactorum noſtrorum, & omnium fidelium defunctorum, juxta ordinationem ipſius Johannis in hac parte faciendam, celebraturo in perpetuum, facere, fundare, & ſtabilire poſſit; & quod idem Johannes, poſtquam dicta Cantaria ſic facta, fundata, & ſtabilita fuerit, dare poſſit & aſſignare praefato Capellano quatuordecim meſſuagia cum pertin. in Gateſheved, quae de nobis tenentur in burgagio, habenda, tenenda, & percipienda eidem Capellano & ſucceſſoribus ſuis, Capellanis Cantariae praedictae, in auxilium, ſuſtentationis ſuae in perpetuum: Et eidem Capellano quod meſſuagia praedicta cum pertin. a praefato Johanne recipere poſſit & tenere ſibi & ſucceſſoribus ſuis praedictis, ſicut praedictum eſt, in perpetuum, tenore praeſentium ſimiliter iicentiam dedimus ſpecialem, ſtatuto de terris & tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponendis edito non obſtante: Nolentes quod praefatus Johannes vel haeredes ſui, aut praefatus Capellanus ſeu ſucceſſores ſui, ratione ſtatuti praedicti ſeu aliorum praemiſſorum per nos vel ſucceſſores noſtros, Juſticiarios, Eſcaetores, Vicecomites, aut alios Ballivos ſeu Miniſtros noſtros, vel ſucceſſorum noſtrorum quoſcun (que) inde occaſionentur, moleſtentur in aliquo, ſeu graventur. In cujus rei Teſtimonium has Literas noſtras fieri fecimus Patentes: Dat. Dunelm. per manus Willielmi Chauncellor, Cancellarii noſtri, primo die Junii, anno Pontif. noſtri quinto decimo.

Quas quidem Literas nos Prior & Capitulum memorati ratas habentes pariter & acceptas, eas, quantum in nobis eſt, pro nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris ratificamus, approbamus, & tenore praeſentium confirmamus, jure Capituli & Eccleſiae noſtrae praedictorum, ſi quod habuerimus in meſſuagiis antedictis aut eorum aliquo, five in libero redditu exeunte de eis, ſeu aliquo eorundem, Nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris in perpetuum in omnibus ſemper ſalvis. In cujus rei Teſtimonium, Sigillum commune Capituli noſtri Praeſentibus eſt appenſum. Dat. Dunelm. in Domo noſtra Capitulari, ſeptimo die menſis Octob. Ao Dom. 1424.

1425.The ſame.John Tray.
1426.Roger ThorntonThe ſame.
1427.The ſame.John Jay.
1428.John RhodesThe ſame.

This Year died that noble Benefactor Roger Thornton, whoſe laſt Will and Teſtament is a good Proof of the ſhining Worth of this eminent Magiſtrate, and well deſerves a Place here; for which the World is indebted to John Thornton of Nether Witton in Northumberland, Eſq a worthy Deſcendant of this Perſon.

E Regiſtr. Thomae Langley Epiſcopi Dunelm. fol. 163. a.

UNIVERSIS S. Matris Eccleſiae Filiis praeſentes Literas inſpecturis Thomas Permiſſione Divina Dunelm. Epiſcopus, ſalutem in Domino, & fidem indubiam praeſentibus adhib. Noveritis quod nuper inſpecto Regiſtro noſtro, inter caetera Teſtamentum Rogeri Thornton ſenioris, nuper de villa Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, noſtrae Dioceſ. Mercatoris, & per nos probatum in forma juris in eodem invenimus contineri: Quod quidem Teſtamentum ad humilem & inſtantem ſupplicationem dilecti nobis in Chriſto filii Rogeri Thornton, filii praedicti Rogeri Thornton Teſtatoris, & Executoris unici dicto Teſtamento nominati, exemplificari tenorem & veram copiam ejuſdem Teſtamenti de Regiſtro noſtro extracti fecimus tranſcribi, cujus tenor de verbo in verbum ſequitur ſub hac forma.

In Nomine Patris, & Filii, & Spiritus Sancti, Amen. The Thurſday next before Yole-day in the Year of our Lord 1429. I Roger Thornton the Elder makes and ordains my Teſtament and my laſt Will in this Form following: That is to ſay, I commend my Soul to the Mercy of GOD, and my Body to be buried beſide my Wife in Alhallowes Kyrk of Newcaſtle. Alſo I will, that every Prieſt Secular being at mine Interrment have to pray for my Soul and to be at my Dirgies and forth bringing one Noble. Alſo I will, that one hundred Pounds be ſpended and delt at mine Interrment, th' Ams of Roger my Son. Alſo I give to the Vicar of S. Nicholas Kirk for forgotten Tends five Pounds. Item, To the Kirk of S. Nicholas Reparation and Enorments thereof fourty Marks; alſo to Alhallow in like Form twenty Pounds. Item, To S. John's Kirk four Fothers of Lead. Item, To S. Andrew's Kirk two Fothers of Lead. Item, To the Lepermen of Newcaſtle two Pounds. Item, To the Chappel of S. Thomas upon Tyne-Bridge ſix Fothers of Lead. Item, To Reparation of Weſt Spittel two Fothers of Lead. Item, To the Walknowl Reparation of their Kirk two Fothers of Lead. Item, To the Reparation of the Nuns of Newcaſtle two Fothers of Lead. Item, To the Lepremen of Newcaſtle two Pounds. Item, To the Reparation of Tyne-Bridge of Newcaſtle one hundred Marks, if ſo that the Mayor and Commons will releaſe me all Actions, as I that never hindred them, nor nought awe them at my witting, but this I deſire for eſchewing of Clamour. Item, To the Meſondieu of S. Katherine of my Foundation, for their Enorments, twenty Pounds. Item, To my Chantry of S. Peter in Alhallow Kirk, for the Enorments thereof, ten Pounds. Item, To the Chappel of Witton by the Water ſix Marks. Item, To every Houſe of Alms ordeyned for Bedrydens in Newcaſtle one Mark, which ſhall be Parcel of the ſaid Summe that ſhall be ſpent upon mine Interrment. Item, To the [211] Reparation of thoſe Tenements that I have given to the aforeſaid Meſondieu and to the ſaid Chantry forty Pounds. Item, I will that thirty Prieſts ſing for me two Years next after my Deceaſe, ilk Prieſt having for his Soulds by Year eight Marks. Item, I will that four hundred Marks whilk that the Priour and Covent Hexham awe me be diſpenſed, bygging of thair Kirk, if they will make agreeable Seurtes that it ſhall be duely done. Item, I give to the Houſe of Blanchland two Fothers of Lead. Item, To Brinkbourn two Fothers of Lead. Item, To Cocket Eland one Fother of Lead. Item, To Reparation of Farn Eland one Fother of Lead. Item, To the Nuns of Hallyſtartes one Fother of Lead. Item, To every ilk of the four Orders Mendicants of Newcaſtle to pray for my Saule ten Marks, to be departed to every Frier Conventual by the Ams of my Son. Item, I will that the Recluſe of Newcaſtle, and Sir Henry Fenwick and Sir Henry Lincoln, Prieſts, be Parcel of the thirty Prieſts for two Years; and alſo after the ſaid two Years I will they three ſing for me, taking every Prieſt of them two Seculars, eight Marks, and the Recluſe yearly ſix Marks, to an hundred Marks be diſpendit if they live ſo long, and elſe to be diſpendit for my Soul by the Ams of my Son. Item, I forgive to the Houſe of Gisburn thirty Pounds which they awe me, beſide the hundred Pound which I have given them before this Time, ſo that they find me a Prieſt perpetually ſinging for me in their Houſe, like as their Covenant is made. Item, I will that a hundred Marks be forgiven amongſt my poor Tenants by the Ams of my Son to them that may not well pay. Item, I give to the Covent of Yarum and to the Covent of Hartlepool to pray for my Saule ten Marks to aither Houſe, to be departed among them by the Ams of my Son. Item, I give to the Reparation of the Steeple of the Minſter of Dureſme one Fother Lead. Item, To every Monk of Charter-houſe at Mount Grace to pray for my Saule, a Noble. Item, To every Monk of Newmynſter a Noble. Item, To every Monk of Tinmouth a Noble. Item, To every Monk of Whitby a Noble. Item, To Sir Thomas Pittington Vicar of Hartburne five Pounds. Item, To Sir John Fenwick ten Pounds. Item, To Sir William Harewood one Pound. Item, To Margaret my Servant in Penny and Penny worth ſix Pounds [...] and ten Marks; and alſo for Term of her Life that Houſe in Bradchair that Nicholas Baxter dwelleth in. Item, To Roger Corbett four Pounds, and alſo that he have Term of Life the Alms of the Meſondieu, ſo that he dwell not therein. Item, To John Gofton twenty Shillings. Item, To Robert Halls my Servant ten Pound of the Debt whilk he oweth me. Item, To John Desburgh four Pound of the Debt whilk he oweth me. Item, To Thomas that was my Servant a Noble. Item, To Agnes Hume twenty Shillings. Item, To Agnes Ward twenty Shillings. Item, To Elen Ward twenty Shillings. Item To Maryon Wann twenty Shillings. Item, To Old Gillott twenty Shillings. Item, To Jonet Pridow twenty Shillings. Item, To Sir Henry Lincoln one Mark. Item, To William Mawe, if he make true Reconing, twenty Shilling. Item, To Thomas Gentleman one Pound. Item, To John Tinmouth twenty Shillings. Item, To Emery Herring five Pound. Item, To William Desbrough five Pound. Item, To Henry Thornton five Pound. Item, To John Whatnow forty Shillings of his Debt. Item, To Thomas Skinner the Skinner four Shillings. Item, To John Sharp fifteen Shillings. Item, To John Moreton one Pound. Item, To William Walker twenty Shillings. Item, To Chirnſide a Noble. Item, To John Felton his Houſe free Term of his Life, he to reparrell it, and a Corrody in S. Catherine Term of his Life. Item, I forgive to John Wheelwright one Pound of his Debt. Item I give to Thomas Croxton a Mark. Alſo I will that fourty Pounds be in my Son's Diſpoſition, to this Intent, that if any poor Labourer, or other Perſon, claim any Parcel of Debt by me owing, he is to diſpoyne, and them pay off that Summ by his Diſcretion, in diſcharging my Saule, as he will anſwer to GOD. Item, I give to Gerrard Mitford five Pounds. Item, To John Robinſon of Thornton, if he make true Reckoning, five Pounds. Item, To young John Robinſon his Son five Pounds. Item, To John Brumpton fourty Shillings. Item, To Cock my Servant twenty Shillings. Item, To George my [...] Co [...]bott for [...]y Shillings Item, To Margaret Dalton twenty Shillings. Item, To Aliſon my Servant a Noble. Item, To Robert Killingworth a Mark. All thoſe Goods and Parcells aforeſaid I will my Son do and diſpoyne, as he will anſwer afore GOD; and aw Remainaunt and Reſidue of my Goods, Mobles and Unmoveables, with all my Lands that I, or any other in my Name, or to my Life, are enfeoſſed in, except the Lands given to my Meſondieu and to my Chantry, I give freely, clearly, and fully to my ſaid Son Roger and his Heirs and Aſſigns for evermore. And to fulfil this my Teſtament and laſt Will, I make and ordain the ſame Roger my Son to be mine Executor, in Preſence of Sir John Fenwick, Emery Hering, and Margett my Servant, this preſent Day and Year aforeſaid, Sealed with mine own Hands.

Et in Exemplificationis Teſtimonium Sigillum noſtrum praeſentibus duximus apponendum. Datum in Manerio noſtro de Aukland quarto die menſis Januarii, Anno Dom. 1431. & noſtrae Conſecrat. viceſimo ſexto.

[210]
1429.
The ſame.John Clark.
1430.The ſame.The ſame.
1431.The ſame.Edward Bartram
1432.Laurence ActonThomas Chirdon
1433.The ſame.Thomas Parpdie
This Year was held by Royal Authority a warm Inquiſition againſt Biſhop Langley and his Royal Prerogatives in the County Palatin of Durham, firſt at Hartlepool, and afterwards at Newcaſtle, the Earls of Northumberland and Weſtmorland, the preſent Mayor of Newcaſtle, John Horſley, and ſeven others being appointed to be Commiſſioners, the ſaid Laurence Acton and John Horſley appointed to be of the Quorum: The Proceedings, tho' violent, yet proved a remarkable Evidence of the Immunities and Freedom of the County Palatin, and of the Biſhop's Royal Authority.
1434.Richard HallRichard Brown
1435.Rob. WhelpingtonThomas Wardell
Cuſtodia Capellae S. Edmundi & Cuthberti in Gateſheved conceſſa Johanni Heyworth Vicario S. Nicholai in Novo Caſtro.

THOMAS Permiſſione Divina Dunelm. Epiſcopus dilecto nobis in Chriſto Magiſtro Johanni Heyworth in Decretis Bacallario Presbytero, ſalutem, gratiam, & benedictionem. Cuſtodiam Capellae Sanctor. Edmundi & Cuthberti Confeſſorum in villa de Gateſhede noſtrae Dioceſ. per liberam reſignationem Magiſtri Georgii Radclyfe ultimi Cuſtodis ejuſdem, in manibus noſtris ſponte ſactam, & per nos admiſſam, vacantem, & ad noſtram collationem [212] pleno jure ſpectantem, tibi conſerimus intuitu caritatis, te (que) Cuſtodem ipſius Capellae praeficimus & inſtituimus canonice in eadem, cum ſuis juribus, pertinentiiſ (que) univerſis: Decernentes te vel procuratorem tuum pro te & nomine tuo in corporalem poſſeſſionem dictae Capellae, jurium (que) & pertin. ſuorum, quorumcun (que) fore realiter inducendum, juribus noſtris Epiſcopalibus & Eccleſiae noſtrae cathedralis Dunelm. dignitate in omnibus ſemper ſalvis; tuam inſuper conſcientiam expreſſe onerantes, ut bona ipſius Capellae diligenter congreges & conſerves, ac in uſus deputatos fideliter facias erogari, ad quod faciendum corporale in manibus noſtris, tactis ſacroſanctis Evangeliis, praeſtitiſti juramentum. In cujus rei Teſtimonium Sigillum noſtrum praeſentibus duximus apponendum. Dat. in Manerio noſtro de Aukland duodecimo die menſis Martii, Ao Dom. 1435. & noſtrae Conſecrat. triceſimo.

[211]
1436.Richard HallJohn Chambers
Thomas Langley Biſhop of Durham died Nov. 20. and was ſucceeded by Robert Nevil Biſhop of Sarum, Jan. 27.
1437.
Laurence ActonThomas Parpdie
1438.Rob. WhelpingtonJohn Caſtle
Officium Parcarii ac Cuſtodis Turris de Gateſheved conceſſum Roberto Preſton.

ROBERTUS Permiſſione Divina Dunelm. Epiſcopus omnibus ad quos praeſentes Literae pervenerint ſalutem. Sciatis quod de gratia noſtra ſpeciali, ac pro laudabili ſervitio quod dilectus nobis Robertus Preſton nobis & Eccleſiae noſtrae Dunelm. impendit, & in futurum, annuente Domino, impendet, dedimus & conceſſimus eidem Roberto Preſton officium Parcarii noſtri de Gateſheved, cum herbagio infra eundem parcum, una cum cuſtodia turris noſtrae ibidem, Habend. tenend. ac occupand. officium praedictum cum herbagio & cuſtodia praedictis per ſe, ſeu per ſufficientem deputatum ſuum, pro quo reſpondere voluerit, ad terminum vitae ſuae, percipiendo de nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris per manus Magiſtri Foreſtarii noſtri ibidem, qui pro tempore fuerit in officio praedicto, pro cuſtodia dicti parci unum denarium & obolum per diem ad duos anni terminos, viz. ad Feſta Paſchae & S. Michaelis Archangeli annuatim durante vita praedicti Roberti Preſton aequaliter ſolvendos; ac pro cuſtodia turris noſtrae unum denarium per diem per manus Ballivorum, Miniſtrorum, ſeu quorum cun (que) aliorum occupatorum infra dominium noſtrum de Gateſheved praedict. pro tempore exiſtentium, praedicto Roberto Preſton ſingulis annis durante vita ſua ad terminos dictos aequaliter ſolvendum; una cum omnibus aliis proficuis, cuſtubus, feodis, & commoditatibus eiſdem officio & cuſtodiae qualitercun (que) ſpectantibus. Dedimus inſuper & conceſſimus pro nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris eidem Roberto Preſton durante vita ſua unam robam de ſecta valecta vel octo ſolidos nomine ejuſdem robae quolibet anno ad Feſtum Natalis Domini ſibi ſolvendos. In cujus rei Teſtimonium Sigillum magnum Cancellariae noſtrae Dunelm. fecimus his apponi. Dat. octavo die menſis Aprilis, Anno Domini 1438. [...]

1439.John ClarkWilliam Harding
Conceſſio Nominationis ad Eccleſiam Parochialem de Gateſheved Cancellario Oxon. caetui (que) Regentium & non Regentium in cadem.

ROBERTUS Permiſſione Divina Dunelm. Epiſcopus Venerabilibus & praedilectis viris, Cancellario Univerſitatis Oxon. caetui (que) Regentium & non Regentium in eadem, ſalutem, & per augmentum profectus ſcholaſtici de virtute creſcere in virtutem. Lactati in uberibus Almae Matris noſtrae Univerſitatis antedictae refectione ſcientiae ſalutaris ipſius ſtudium in prole faecunda per ſalutiferos palmites cupimus ampliare, ut dilatato ſui tentorii loco funiculos faciat longiores. Hinc eſt quod de veſtris circumſpectione & prudentia confidentes nominationem Eccleſiae parochialis de Gateſhede noſtrorum Patronatus, Collationis, & Dioceſ. cum ipſam proxime ſimpliciter vacare contigerit, vobis illa unica vice duntaxat, concedimus ſpecialem: ſic quod perſonam per vos nominandam infra tres menſes poſt vacationem Beneficii hujuſmodi nobis aut ſucceſſori noſtro nominare curetis ad effectum, ut eidem nominato nominationis veſtrae praetextu ea vice Eccleſiam hujuſmodi conferamus, ſucceſſorve noſter conferre valeat in eventu, caeterum facturi vel facturus quae noſtro aut ſuo in hae parte incumbunt officio paſtorali. Data nono die menſis Octob. Ao Dom. 1439. & noſtrae Tranſlat. ſecundo.

1440.John ChambersJohn Muſgrave
Commiſſio Domini Regis facta Roberto Rodes ſuper Officio Contrarotulatoris villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam.

HENRICUS Dei Gratia Rex Angliae & Franciae & Dominus Hiberniae, omnibus ad quos praeſentes Literae pervenerint, ſalutem. Sciatis quod conſtituimus Robertum Rodes Contrarotulatorem noſtrum tam magnae & parvae Cuſtumae, quam ſubſidii lanarum, coriorum, & pellium lanatarum, nec non ſubſidii trium ſolidorum de dolio, & duodecim denariorum de libra in portu villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, & in ſingulis portubus & locis eidem portui adjacentibus, Habondum & tenendum illud officium quamdiu nobis placuerit; percipiendo in illo officio feoda & vadia conſueta, ita tamen quod idem Robertus rotulos ſuos manu ſua propria ſcribat, & continuo moretur ibidem, ac omnia alia officium illud tangentia in propria perſona ſua, & non per ſubſtitutum ſuum, juxta formam ſtatutorum in hac parte editorum, faciat & exequatur; Volentes quod altera pars Sigilli noſtri, quod dicitur Coket, in portu praedicto in cuſtodia ipſius Roberti remaneat, quamdiu officium habuerit ſupradictum. In cujus rei Teſtimonium has Literas noſtras fieri fecimus Patentes. Teſte Meipſo apud Weſtmonaſt. decimo ſexto die Julii, Anno Regni noſtri decimo nono, viz. 1440.

Commiſſio facta Priori Dunelm. ad recipiendum Sacramentum Roberti Rodes Contratotulatoris Villae Novi Caſtri.
[213]

HENRICUS Dei Gratia Rex Angliae & Franciae, & Dominus Hiberniae, dilecto ſibi in Chriſto Priori Dunelm. ſalutem. Sciaris quod dedimus vobis poteſtatem recipiendi Sacramentum dilecti nobis Roberti Rodes, Contratotulatoris noſtri tam magnae & parvae Cuſtumae, quam ſubſidii lanarum, coriorum, & pellium lanatarum, nec non ſubſidii trium ſolidorum de dolio, & duodecim denariorum de libra in portu villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, & in ſingulis portubus & locis eidem portui adjacentibus, de officio illo bene & fideliter faciendo juxta formam cujuſdam ſcedulae praeſentibus intercluſae. Et ideo vobis in fide & dilectione, quibus nobis tenemini, injungimus & mandamus, quod Sacramentum praedictum recipiatis, & cum illud reciperitis, eidem Roberto Literas noſtras Patentes ſibi de officio illo factas, quas vobis mittimus per latorem praeſentium, liberetis: Et nobis de Sacramento illo, cum ſic captum fuerit, in Cancellariam noſtram ſub ſigillo veſtro diſtincte & aperte ſine dilatione conſtare faciatis, remittentes nobis hoc breve. Teſte Meipſo apud Weſtmonaſt. decimo ſexto die Julii, Anno Regni noſtri 19o.

Juramentum Roberti Rodes Contrarotulatoris Villae Novi Caſtri.

VOUS jurres que bien & loialment ſervies au Roi en l'office de Countroullour des Cuſtumes & Subſidies le Roi en le port de Novell Caſtell ſur Tyne, & loialment entreres les choſes que vendront au dit port ou paſſeront d'icel, & que nul doun ne prendres pur voſtre office faire, ne pour rien que purra cheire en deſavantage du Roi, ne nul marchandiſes ne autres choſes cuſtumables ne ſeoffres paſſer hors du dit port ſans Cuſtume due paier, & que vous fres meſme l'office & ſur ceo demure en voſtre propre perſon ſans ſubſtituts mettre, & les Roules eſcriveres par voſtre main demeſne, & le profett le Roi agateres & ferres quant come vous purres ſelon voſtre ſens & voſtre poiair; ſi Dieu vous eide & ſes ſeintes.

The Oath of Robert Rodes, Controller of the Town of Newcaſtle.

YOU Swear, that you ſhall well and lawfully ſerve his Majeſty the King in the Office of Controller of the Cuſtums and Subſidies granted to his Majeſty in the Port of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, and juſtly enter ſuch Things as ſhall be imported into the ſaid Port or exported from thence: and that you ſhall receive no Preſents for Performance of your Office, or upon any Account that may be prejudicial to the King, neither ſhall permit any Merchandizes or other Cuſtumable Goods to paſs out of Port without Payment of Cuſtum; and that you perform the Office yourſelf, and enjoy the ſame in your own Perſon, without preſuming to nominate a Subſtitute, and ſhall write the Roulls with your own Hand, and ſhall gather and collect the King's Profits according to your beſt Knowledge and Ability: So GOD help you and his Saints.

Certificatorium de receptione Juramenti Contrarotulatoris Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam.

VIrtute iſtius Brevis ego Johannes Weſſy [...]g [...] [...] Martis decimo nono die Septemb. anno infraſcripto apud Dunelmum recepi Sacramentum Roberti ſupraſcripti de officio ſuo bone & fideliter faciendo, ſecundum formam cujuſdam Scedulae adtunc huic Brevi incluſae. 1440.

[212]
1441.William HardingSimon Weldon
1442.Thomas WardellWilliam Jay
1443.John MuſgraveThomas Hedlam
1444.William HardingThomas Bee
1445.William JayJohn Ward
1446.William HardingJohn Winton
1447.The ſame.Robert Baxter
Marmaduke Lumley Lord Biſhop of Carliſle made Lord Treaſurer, Decemb. 18.
1448.John WardJohn Richardſon
Appropriato Capellae S. Edmundi Epiſcopi in Gateſheved facta Monialibus S. Bartholomaei in Novo Caſtro per Robertum Epiſc. Dunelm.

UNIVERSIS Chriſti Fidelibus praeſentes Literae inſpecturis Robertus Permiſſione Divina Dunelm. Epiſcopan, ſalutem in Auctore Salutis. Matris Eccleſiae circumſpecta benignitas illorum gravaminibus libentius compatitur & miſeriis promptius provider, quos prae caeteris vitae & morum excellentia praefulgentes virtuoſis morum praemiis dignos reddunt potloribus attolli favoribus & majoribus beneficiis honotari. Sane exhibitae nobis nuper pro parte Religloſarum Mulierum Priotiſſae & Conventus Monaſterii ſive Prioratus S. Bartholomai in Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam noſtrae Dunelm. Dioceſ. petitio continebat, Quod licet ipſum Monaſterium ſuum ex ſua primaeva fundatione in fructibus, redditibus, & proventibus ad ſuſtentationem Prioriſſae & Conventus ibidem, ac aliorum ſervitorum degentium in eodem, receptionem hoſpitum, ac alia incumbentia onera debite fupportanda ſufficienter dotatum ſuerat: at poſtea decreſcentibus proventibus ejuſdem Monaſterii cum annua penſione decem marcarum de Eccleſia de Weſſyngton excunte per felicis recordationis Ricardum quondam Dunelm. [214] Epiſcopum relevatum extiterat, jam (que) temporis curſu in deterius dilabentur fructus, redditus, & proventus ipſius Monaſterii per ignis incendia ac alia mundi infortunia, & praeſertim non ſolutionem dictae annuae penſionis, quae propter notoriam exilitatem dictae Eccleſiae de Weſſyngton ſolvi non potuit de eadem, ita tenues & exiles exiſtunt in praeſenti, quod pro honeſta ſua ſuſtentatione & ſervitorum ſuorum, ac hoſpitum receptione, cum idem Monaſteritum ſuum in dicta villa Novi Caſtri multum famoſa ſit conſtitutum, nec non domorum & aedificiorum eidem pertinentium reparatione, & aliis oneribus ipſi Monaſterio ſuo neceſſario incumbentibus debite ſupportandis non ſufficiunt nec ſufficere poterunt veriſimiliter in futurum, niſi de alicujus ſubventionis remedio eidem ſuccurratur; quod (que) praemiſſorum praetextu dicta Eccleſia de Weſſyngton a ſolutione dictae penſionis exonerata fuit, & in recompenſam dictae annuae penſionis de poſt iiſdem Prioriſſae & Conventui de fructibus, redditibus, & proventibus Eccleſiae de Ryton dictae noſtrae Dioceſ. valorem Eccleſiae de Weſſyngton antedictae notorie excedentis, juxta ordinationem noſtram in ea parte factam perſolvendi proviſio facta fuit. Et confiderato inſuper quod lites & litigia ex veriſimili inter Curatum Eccleſiae de Ryton memoratae quae curata exiſtit & dictas Religioſas Mulieres occaſione penſionis hujuſmodi oriri poterunt in futurum, ſicut inter Rectorem Eccleſiae de Weſſyngton & ipſas Religioſas Mulieres hujuſmodi litigia ſaepius evenerunt temporibus retroactis, unio, annexio, incorporatio, & appropriatio Capellae S. Edmundi Epiſcopi in Gateſheved noſtrarum Collationis & Dioceſ. eis & earum Monaſterio ſupradicto faciendae pietati conſonae merito cenſeantur, cum ex his ſic unitis ſtatus utriuſ (que) liberius poterit ſupportari, unde pro parte earundem Religio ſarum Mulierum Prioriſſae & Conventus nobis humiliter extitit ſupplicatum & inſtanter petitum per eaſdem, quod, praemiſſis diligenter attentis, in earum & ſui Monaſterii ſuccurſum & relevamen, futuram (que) exonerationem dictae Eccleſiae de Ryton & ejuſdem Rectoris a ſolutione dictae penſionis decem marcarum qua plurimum praegravatur, dictam Capellam S. Edmundi Epiſcopi in Gateſheved noſtrarum Collationis & Dioceſ. cum ſuis juribus & pertin. univerſis eis & earum Monaſterio ſupradicto, ac ſibi in eodem ſucceſſuris quibuſeun (que) unire, annectere, incorporare, & appropriate in uſus ſuos proprios perpetuo poſſidendam, ulteriuſ (que) pronunciate, declarare, ordinare, ſtatuere, & decernere in hac parte quod eſt juſtum & conſonum pietati dignaremur. Nos igitur Regularis vitae honeſtatem, divini (que) cultus fomentum, hoſpitum receptionem, & alia caritatis opera, & vigentia gratiarum munera, quae in dicto ſuo Monaſterio hactenus abundarunt, nec non veriſimilia litigia inter ipſas Religioſas Mulieres & Rectorem de Ryton in exactione dictae annuae penſionis decem marcarum futuris temporibus eventura, caetera (que) alia per eaſdem deducta diligentius attendentes, ac ipſarum Religioſarum Mulierum voto circa appropriationem, unionem & incorporationem praedictas quantum de jure poſſumus ſatisfacere cupientes, ſuper praemiſſis omnibus & ſingulis pro parte ipſarum Religioſarum Mulierum Prioriſſae & Conventus nobis ſuggeſtis, ac caeteris in ea parte neceſſariis & de jure requiſitis inquiri fecimus diligentius veritatem: Et quia tam per hujuſmodi inquiſitionem in ea parte factam quam etiam per alia documenta coram nobis exhibita, allegata, & probata invenimus dicta ſuggeſta & petita fuiſſe & eſſe vera, & quod evidens utilitas, urgenſ (que) neceſſitas unionem, annexionem, incorporationem, & appropriationem dictae Capellae S. Edmundi Epiſcopi in Gateſheved ipſi Monaſterio S. Bartholomaei & ejuſdem Prioriſſae & Conventui ac ſibi ſucceſſuris faciendam expoſcunt; nos ipſarum Religioſarum Mulierum Prioriſſae & Conventus virtutum merita quibus invenimus eas inſigniri, earum (que) & ſui Monaſterii ſupradicti exilitatem & penuriam, ac lites & litigia quae ex veriſimili inter Curatum Eccleſiae de Ryton memoratae, dictaſ (que) Religioſas Mulieres occaſione penſionis antedictae oriri poterunt in futurum, ſicut alias in & pro penſione Eccleſiae de Weſſyngton inter Rectorem & dictas Mulieres orta & mota novimus ab experto, ac etiam ſuggeſta & petira prou [...] [...] conven [...] romct [...]e [...] poud [...] [...] earum (que) neceſſitati & indigentiae pio compatientes affectu, habito in hac parte cum Priore & Capitulo Eccleſiae noſtrae Cathedralis Dunelm. diligenti tractatu, eorum (que) conſenſu ad praemiſſa conceſſo pariter & obtento, omnibuſ (que) aliis, quae in hujuſmodi appropriationis, unionis, & incorporationis negotio, de jure requiruntur, concurrentibus & obſervatis, invocata Spiritus Sancti gratia hujuſmodi cauſas unionis, annexionis, incorporationis ſive appropriationis in dicta petitione contentas, & alias pro parte earundem Religioſarum Mulierum nobis expoſitas & expreſſatas, veras, legitimas, & ſufficientes, ac rite & Legitime probatas fuiſſe & eſſe pronunciamus, decernimus, & declaramus: Ac dictam Capellam S. Edmundi Epiſcopi in Gateſheved cum ſuis juribus & pertinentiis univerſis, ex cauſis praedictis & propter eas, dicto Monaſterio S. Bartholomaei and ejuſdem Prioriſſae & Conventui ſibi (que) in codem ſucceſſuris quibuſcun (que) de expreſſo conſenſu & voluntate dictorum Prioris & Capituli Dunelm. jure tamen alterius cujuſcun (que) in omnibus ſemper ſalvo, annexuimus, univimus, incorporavimus, & appropriavimus in uſus ſuos proprios perpetuo poſſidendam; ſic (que) annectimus, unimus, incorporamus, & appropriamus per praeſentes. Ita viz. quod cedente, decedente, reſignante, dimittente, vel amoto Magiſtro ſive Cuſtode ejuſdem Capellae, qui nune eſt, ſeu ipſa Capella quomodolibet vacante, liceat Prioriſſae & Conventui, qui pro tempore fuerint; ipſius Capellae ſic vacantis realem poſſeſſionem auctoritate propria apprehendere & cam licite retinere, noſtris aut ſucceſſorum noſtrorum quorumcun (que) Dunelm. Epiſcoporum licentia, auctoritate, conſenſu, aut voluntate in ea parte minime expectatis. Poſt cujus quidem Capellae S. Edmundi Epiſcopi in Gateſheved adeptam poſſeſſionem dictam penſionem decem marcarum de fructibus, redditibus, & proventibus dictae Eccleſiae de Ryton excuntem & eiſdem Prioriſſae & Conventui juxta vim, formam, & effectum ordinationis noſtrae in ea parte facta, annuatim perſolvendam, ſtatim & incontinenti ceſſare volumus & caſſamus, ac ipſam Eccleſiam & ejuſdem Rectorem quemcun (que) pro tempore exiſtentem ab ulteriori ſolutione hujuſmodi penſionis in ipſo eventu exoneramus & exoneratos eſte decernimus & declaramus per praeſentes, praefata (que) Prioriſſa & Conventus extunc in perpetuum in recompenſam ejuſdem penſionis decem marcarum, cum hujuſmodi poſſeſſionem dictae Capellae nactae fuerint, ut praefertur, & mon aliter, reputabunt ſe contentas, & ab omni exactione, petitione, proſecutione, & reclamatione dictae penſionis in ea parte omnino ſint excluſae in perpetuum. Et ne, quod abſit, praeſentis unionis, annexionis, incorporationis, & appropriationis negotium ultra debitum prorogetur, aut noſtra intenſio in ea parte quoviſmodo fruſtretur, Magiſtro ſive Cuſtodi dictae Capellae S. Edmundi Epiſcopi moderno facultatem permutandi eandem interdicimus, & ipſam Capellam ad eundem effectum reſervandam fore decernimus, & afficimus per decretum. Volumus inſuper, ſtatuimus, ordinamus, & decernimus quod praefara Prioriſſa & Conventus, & eis in dicto Monaſterio ſuccoſſitroe ſumptibus ſuis propriis & expenſis invenient duos Capellanos bonae vitae & converſationis honoſtae Miſſns & alin divina officia in eadem Capella S. Edmundi Epiſcopi perpetuis futuris temporibuſ pro animabus fundatorum ejuſdem quotidie cum diſpoſiti fuerint celebratros, ipſam (que) Capellam & caetere aedificia tam infra quam extra eidem pertinentia reparabunt & manutenebunt ſumptibus ſuis & expenſis ut praefertur. Nec non alia onera ordinaria & extraordinaria cidem Capellae qualitercun (que) incumbentia ſubient & ſuportabunt debite ut deberent. Praeterea pro indemnitate noſtra & ſucceſſorum noſtrorum Dunelmen. Epiſcoporum quorumcun (que) ac Ecloſiae noſtrae Cathedralis Dunelm. Prioris & Capituli in praemiſſis ſalvanda, in recompenſationem emolumentorum [215] quae nos & ſucceſſores noſtri praefati (que) Prior & Capitulum poterimus ſeu poterint de dicta Capella S. Edmundi Epiſcopi, ſi hujuſmodi unio, annexio, incorporatio, & appropriatio de eadem factae non eſſent, percipere & habere, ipſam Capellam ſic unitam, annexam, incorporatam, &c appropriatam cum annua penſione ſex ſolidorum & octo denariorum nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtriſ cum alia etiam penſione trium ſolidorum & quatuor denariorum praefatis Priori & Capitulo poſt nactam poſſeſſionem ejuſdem Capellae perpraeſatam Prioriſſum & Conventum, & ſibi in eodem Monaſterio perpetuis futuris temporibus ſucceſſuras in Feſto Nativitatis S. Johannis Baptiſtae annis ſingulis perſolvendis oneramus & oneratam eſte decernmus penpraeſentes. Juribus noſtris Epiſcopalibus & Eccleſiae noſtrae Cathedralis Dunelm. libertatibus, privilegiis, & dignitate, jure (que) alterius cujuſcun (que) in omnibus ſemper ſalvis. In quorum omnium & ſingulorum Teſtimonium ar (que) Fidem Sigillum noſtrum ad cauſas praeſentibus duximus apponendum. Data ſeptimo die menſis Octobr. Ao Dom. 1448. &c noſtrae Tranſlationis undecimo.

Ad p. 49. Obligatio Monalium de Novo Caſtro de annua Penſione.

PATEAT Univerſis per praeſentes Nos Margaretam Prioriſſam domus S. Monaſterii S. Bartholomei in Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam, Dunelm. Dioceſ. & ejuſdem loci Conventum conceſſiſſe & hac praeſenti carta noſtra confirmaſſe venerabilibus & religioſis viris Priori & Capitulo Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. eorum (que) ſucceſſoribus in perpetuum unam annuam Penſionem trium ſolidorum & quatuor denariorum exeuntem de omnibus terris & tenementis noſtris pertinentibus ad Capellam S. Edmundi Epiſcopi in Gateſheved, ratione indemphitatis eorundem Prioris & Capituli ac ſuae Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. praedictae, confirmandam in annexione, unione, incorporatione, & appropriatione praefatae Capellae S. Edmundi Epiſcopi in Gateſheved domui noſtrae, five dicto Monaſterio noſtro auctoritate ordinaria nuper de dictorum Prioris & Capituli conſenſu factis: Habendam & percipiendam praedictam annuam Penſionem trium ſolidorum & quatuor denariorum praefatis Priori & Capitulo & ſucceſſoribus ſuis de nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris, ac de omnibus terris & tenementis dictae Capellae S. Edmundi in Gateſhede qualitercun (que) provenientibus annuatim, ad Feſtum Nativitatis S. Johannis Baptiſtae tantum, juxta vim, formam, & effectum ordinationis ſuper dicta unione, annexione, incorporatione, &c appropriatione per Reverendum in Chriſto Patrem & Dominum, Dom. Robertum Dei gratia Dunelm. Epiſcopum habitae & ſtatutae. Proviſo quod ſi contingat dictam annuam Penſionem trium ſolidorum & quatuor denariorum vel aliquam ejus partem a retro fore non ſolutam permenſis ſpatium poſt Feſtum praedictum, quo ſolvi debeat, quod tunc bene licebit dictis Priori & Capitulo & eorum ſucceſſoribus in omnibus & ſingulis tertis & tenementis ad dictam Capellam S. Edmundi Epiſcopi in Gateſheved quomodolibet ſpectantibus diſtringere & diſtrictiones inde captas abducere, aſportare, & perres ſe retinere quouſ (que) eis de dicta annua Penſione, una cum arreragiis & expenſis in ea parte factis plenarie ſuerit ſatisfacti. In cujus rei Teſtimonium Sigillum noſtrum commune praeſentibus duximus apponendum. Datum in domo noſtra Capitulari 20. die menſis Octob. Anno Dom. 1448.

An Obligation or Bond of the Nuns of Newcaſtle, concerning an annual Penſion.

BE it known to all by theſe Preſents, That we Margaret Prioreſs of the Nunnery of S. Bartholomew's in Newcaſtle upon Tyne in the Dioceſe of Durham, and the Convent of the ſame Place, have granted and by this our preſent Writing have confirmed to the Venerable and Religious Men, the Prior and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of Durham, and their Succeſſors for ever, one annual Penſion of three Shillings and four Pence iſſuing from all our Lands and Tenements belonging to the Chapel of St. Edmund the Biſhop in Gateſhead, by reaſon of the Indemnity of the ſaid Prior and Chapter and their Cathedral Church of Durham aforeſaid, to be confirmed in the Annexion, Union, Incorporation and Appropriation of the aforeſaid Chapel of St. Edmund the Biſhop in Gateſhead to our Houſe or our ſaid Monaſtery lately made by the ordinary Authority and Conſent of the ſaid Prior and Chapter: To be had and to be paid the aforeſaid annual Penſion of three Shillings and four Pence to the aforeſaid Prior and Chapter and their Succeſſors by us and our Succeſſors from all the Lands and Tenements of the ſaid Chapel of St. Edmund in Gateſhead however ariſing yearly, at the Feaſt of the Nativity of St. John the Baptiſt only, according to the Force, Form and Effect of the Ordination had and eſtabliſhed upon the ſaid Union, Annexion, Incorporation and Appropriation by the Reverend Father in Chriſt and our Lord Robert by the Grace of God Biſhop of Durham. Provided that if the ſaid annual Penſion of three Shillings and four Pence or any Part of it be not paid in a Month's time after the Feaſt aforeſaid, wherein it ought to be paid, that then it ſhall be lawful to the ſaid Prior and Chapter and their Succeſſors to diſtrain in all and every the Lands and Tenements belonging to the ſaid Chapel of St. Edmund the Biſhop in Gateſhead, and the Diſtraints thence taken to carry away and keep in their Cuſtody, till full Satisfaction be made for the ſaid annual Penſion, together with the Arrears and Expences made in that Part. In Teſtimony whereof we have thought fit to affix our common Seal to theſe Preſents. Dated in our Chapter-houſe Octob. 20. An. 1448.

[213]
An' Chriſti.Mayors.Sheriffs.
1449.William HardingAllan Bird
1450.John WardGeorge Carr
1451.Robert BaxterJohn Baxter
1452.William HardingJohn Penreth
1453.John CarliellNich. Wetwang
1454.John RichardſonWilliam Roddam
1455.The ſame.Thomas Cuthbert
1456.The ſame.John Nixon
1457.The ſame.Richard Stevenſon
In the 37th of King Henry VI. John Viſcount Beaumont was conſtituted one of the Commiſſioners to meet with thoſe from Scotland at Newcaſtle upon Tyne, touching Satisfaction for ſuch Injuries as had been committed by the Subjects of either Realm againſt the other, contrary to the Articles of Truce formerly concluded between them. Dugdale's Baronage, vol. ii. p. 54.
1458.
John PenrithHenry Fowler
1459.John RichardſonRichard Stevenſon
Edward IV. King Henry VI. depoſed.
1460.
John BaxterNicholas Hayning
This Year the diſtreſſed Queen of King Henry with 500 French Soldiers came to the Coaſt of Scotland, and thence ſailed to Tinmouth, where ſhe landed, but was ſoon compelled to embark again, and in a Tempeſt driven back to Berwick: Whence with the Addition of ſome Scots, and accompanied by the King her Husband, ſhe advanced into the Biſhoprick of Durham, (the Prince remaining at Berwick) and in their Paſſage thro' Northumberland gained ſome few Volunteers. To them reſort Henry Duke of Somerſet and Sir Ralph Piercy, who a few Weeks before had voluntarily ſubmitted to King Edward, together with many of King Henry's firm Devotees, ſo that together they made Shew of a competent Army. However their diſorderly burning and ſpoiling whereſoever they went, whatſoever they could come at, loſt them the Affection of many, and purchaſed the Ill-will of many more.
1461.
John RichardſonNich. Wetwang

K. Edward in the Spring this Year diſpatched John Nevil Vicount Montacute into Northumberland, with Commiſſion to raiſe Forces, himſelf following with his whole Army, but in haſte ſends ſome Companies after the Vicount, to prevent any Attempt of the Biſhoprick Men, in caſe they ſhould prove treacherous: With theſe the Vicount marched towards King Henry, and by the Way at Hedley Moor encountered the Lord Hungerford, who with the Lord Roſſe upon the firſt Attack ran away, leaving Sir Ralph Piercy alone with his own Regiment, who there with them died valiantly fighting.

Animated with this Succeſs, Montacute, having certain Intelligence that King Henry was encamped in the Levels near the River Dowell in Hexhamſhire, marched thither by Night, and aſſaulted his Camp: The Northern Men, uſed to ſuch Attempts upon the Borders, reſiſt with an undaunted Reſolution, but were ſoon deſeated, and ſuſtained a great Slaughter, and the Loſe of the whole Camp: King Henry and his Queen eſcaping narrowly, leaving their beſt Friends to Montacute's Mercy; the Duke of Somerſet, the Lord Roſſe, Mollins, Hungerford, Wentworth, Huſſey, and Sir John Findern, Kt. with many others, were taken Priſoners: The Duke of Somerſet at Hexham was ſoon beheaded, as afterwards the other Priſoners were ſerved at Newcaſtle. Afterwards King Edward came to Durham, thence detaching the Earl of Warwick and others into Northumberland, to reduce ſuch Caſtles and Forts as yet held out for King Henry.

1462.
Allan BirdHenry Foſter
1463.Allan BirdWilliam Blaxton
1464.John NixonNich. Hayning
This Year after a tedious Negotiation between King Edward IV. and the King of Scotland, a Treaty of Pacification was concluded at Newcaſtle, whereby the Truce for 15 Years, agreed on the preceding Year, was prolonged for 45 years, viz. to 1510.
1465.
Allan BirdWilliam Thompſon
1466.John NixonRobert Chambers
1467.William BlaxſtonJohn Eſington
1468.John NixonJohn Cook
1469.Rich. StephenſonJohn Fiſher
1470.William BlaxſtonThomas Lockwood
King Edward fled into Holland.
1471.Jonn NixonJonn Carr
1472.William BlaxſtonThomas Snaw
1473.The ſame.Robert Harding
1474.Nich. HayningWilliam Hodgſon [217]
Litera Fraternitatis conceſſa Johanni Robynſon villae Novi Caſtri, Mercatori, & Johannae uxori ſuae, per Priorem & Capitulum Eccleſiae Dunelm. cum Annuitate ſex marcarum pro termino vitae eorundem.

RICARDUS Permiſſione Divina Prior Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. & ejuſdem loci Capitulum praedilectis nobis in Chriſto Johanni Robynſon villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, Mercatori, & Johannae uxori ſuae, ſalutem in Domino ſempiternam. Mentis devotio & ſincerae dilectionis integritas, quas erga glorioſiſſimum Confeſſorem S. Cuthbertum Patronum noſtrum, noſ (que) & Monaſterium noſtrum Dunelm. hactenus habuiſtis, & habetis in praeſenti, ſicut ex factis veſtris notoriis, & praeſertim ex donatione unius tenementi cum ſuis pertinentiis in vico vulgariter vocato Pilgrym-ſtreet infra dictam villam Novi Caſtri ſituati & jacentis, ac ad vos jure haereditario ejuſdem Johannae notorie ſpectantis, unanimi veſtrum aſſenſu & voluntate, ac in puram & perpetuam elemoſinam nobis & dicto noſtro Monaſterio jam nuper facta, prout per Cartam veſtrae donationis & feoffamenti nobis deſuper factam ſatis ſumus experti, animos noſtros excitant & inducunt ut tam vobis quam parentibus veſtris mortuis, quorum nomina & cognomina in libris noſtris inter caeteros Benefactores noſtros vivos & mortuos ad aeternam rei memoriam matriculantur, juxta veſtra & eorum merita gratitudinis viciſſitudinem ſpiritualiter rependamus: unde vos & veſtrum utrum (que) ac Parentes veſtros praedictos in Fratres & Sorores ſpirituales Capituli noſtri praedicti praemiſſorum occaſione & praetextu admittimus per praeſentes, & quantum in nobis eſt, & Altiſſimo placuerit, omnium Miſtarum, Vigiliatum, Jejuniorum, Orationum, Praedicationum, Divinorum Officiorum, caeterorum (que) operum pietatis, & ſuffragiorum quorumcun (que) quae per nos & ſucceſſores noſtros, tam in dicto noſtro Monaſterio, quam Cellis ab eodem dependentibus fiunt & fient in perpetuum, participationem concedimus ſpecialem: & cum ab hac luce per mortem Deus vos vel alterum veſtrum evocaverit, & hoc nobis certitudinaliter intimatum fuerit, pro vobis & veſtrum altero primo decedente, veſtris etiam Parentibus antedictis, ſicut pro aliis Confratribus & Conſororibus noſtris ſpiritualibus de medio ſublatis conſueta orationum ſuffragia perpetuis futuris temporibus Altiſſimo perſolvemus. Praeterea propter praemiſſa, & alia veſtra merita nobis & dicto noſtro Monaſterio caritative impenſa, quandam Annuitatem ſex marcarum monetae Angliae a nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris ſingulis annis futuris temporibus ſub modo & forma ſubſequentibus percipiendam & habendam, quamdiu vixeritis aut alter veſtrum vixerit, vobis & utri (que) veſtrum diutius viventi ex gratia noſtra uberiori damus & concedimus per praeſentes, ita viz. quod in partem ſolutionis dictae Annuitatis ſex marcarum vos & uter (que) veſtrum pro tempore vitae veſtrae & alterius veſtrum diutius viventis percipietis & habebitis, ſic (que) percipiet & habebit alter veſtrum omnimodas decimas garbarum in villa & campis de Symondſyde annuatim creſcentes ad veſtros uſus proprios pro quatuor marcis, tribus ſolidis, & quatuor denariis, quamdiu terrae ad ipſam villam & tenentes ejuſdem pertinentes cultae fuerint & ſeminatae, & reſiduum dictae ſummae non ſolutum de nobis ſeu deputatis noſtris ad hoc aſſignatis anuis ſingulis ſimiliter percipietis & habebitis; ſi autem hujuſmodi terrae ex caſu fortuito incultae, vel ad paſturam jaceant & ſeminatae non fuerint, tunc vobis & veſtrum alteri diutius viventi, per manus noſtras aut deputati noſtri hujuſmodi de dicta Annuitate ſex marcarum pro termino vitae veſtrae, ut praefertur, plenarie erit ſatisfactum in moneta Angliae per acquales portiones ad Feſta S. Martini in hyeme & Penrecoſt. percipienda. Ad quae omnia & ſingula ſic, ut praemittitur, per nos & ſucceſſores noſtros bene & fideliter facienda obligamus nos & Monaſterium noſtrum praedictum firmiter per praeſentes Sigillo noſtro communi roboratas. Data Dunelm. in domo noſtra Cap [...]tula [...] [...] [...]ſe ment [...]s Junu, Anno Dom. 1474.

1475.John CarlielJohn Rample
1476.The ſame.Peter Bewick
1477.John CookJohn Heaton
William Dudley Biſhop of Durham.
Petitio Immunitatis Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. per Chriſtophorum Holme.

MEMORAND. Quod quarto die menſis Junii Anno Dom. 1477. Chriſtophorus Holme coram Dom. Thoma Caly, Sub-priore Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. Notario etiam & teſtibus ſubſcriptis in Eccleſia praedicta perſonaliter conſtiturus, confeſſus eſt quod ipſe Chriſtophorus una cum Henrico Stobbet & Humfrido Uſher, vigeſimo quarto die menſis Aprilis ultimo praeteriti, a pud villam Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, obvium habuit quendam Willielmum Marlee, in quem idem Chriſtophorus adtune & ibidem inſultum fecit, & ipſum Willielmum cum quodam baculo vocato Wallſhbyll graviter percuſſit & vulneravit, ita quod inde & de aliis plagis in ipſum Willielmum per ipſum Chriſtophorum & alios adtunc & ibidem impoſitis, mors ſecuta fuit dictum Willielmum ut dicitur: unde idem Chriſtophorus immunitatem Eccleſiae praeditae, juxta privilegia & libertates ejuſdem, cum omni contritione & humilitate cordis inſtanter ob honorem Dei & S. Cuthberti petiit & obtinuit praeſentibus; tunc ibidem Roberto Bartram publico auctoritate Apoſtolica Notario, Roberto Holburn de Gateſheved, & Johanne Laweſon de Hilton teſtibus ad praemiſſa vocatis & ſpecialiter requiſitis.

Chriſtopher Holme's Petition to be admitted Partaker of the Immunity of the Cathedral of Durham, upon his taking Sanctuary therein.

MEMORANDUM, That upon the 4th of June, Anno Dom. 1477. Chriſtopher Holme perſonally preſent in the ſaid Church before Thomas Caly, Sub-prior of the Cathedral of Durham, a Notary, and the Witneſſes named below, made Confeſſion, that he the ſaid Chriſtopher together with Henry Stobbes and Humphrey Uſher, upon the 24th of April laſt paſt, meeting one William Marlee in the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, whom the ſaid Chirſtopher did then and there aſſault and grievouſly beat, and wounded the ſaid William with acertain Club called a Wallſhbyll, ſo that thereby, as alſo by other Wounds then inflicted upon him by the ſaid Chriſtopher and others, Death ſeized the ſaid William, an was reported, whereupon the ſaid Chriſtopher with great Penitence and Humility inſtantly begged the Immunity of the ſaid Cathedral, according to the Previleges and Liberties thereof, for the Honour [218] of GOD and St. Cuthbert, which was readily granted, in the Preſence of Robert Bartram, by Apoſtolical Authority Publick Notary: Robert Holburn of Gateſide and John Lawſon of Hilton required eſpecially to atteſt the Premiſſes.

[217]
An' Chriſti.Mayors.Sheriffs.
1478.Robert ChambersJohn Ridſdale
1479.John RampleWilliam Scott
1480.John CarliſleWilliam Bewley
1481.George CarrWilliam Cunningham
1482.John CookRobert Harding
The King dies.

Richard III.

John Sherwood Biſhop of Durham.

1483.
John CarliſleRobert Stockett
1484.George CarrGeorge Bird

Henry VII.

King Richard III. ſlain.

1485.
Robert ChambersThomas Harbourn
1486.George CarrRobert Brigham
1487.The ſame.John Penrith
1488.Tho. LockwoodWilliam Richardſon
1489.George CarrWilliam Chambers
Petitio Immunitatis Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. per Alexandrum Taylerour.

ALexander Taylerour Piſtor de Novo Caſtro tertio die menſis Januar. Anno Dom. 1489. in navi Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. mei (que) Dom. Willielmi Cawthorne adtunc Cancellarii ejuſdem Eccleſiae & teſtium ſubſcriptorum praeſentia perſonali [...] [...] Eccleſiae & libertatis ejuſdem, pro eo quod ipſe die Mercurii proximo poſt Feſtum Epiphaniae, Anno Dom. ſupradicto, in Novo Caſtro juxta Cayſe-croſs quendam Thomam Smythe ibidem, ut aſſeruit in defenſione ſui corporis, cum quodam geſtro in pectore ſub mamilla ſiniſtra felonice percuffit, unde idem Thomas mortuus eſt eodem die praeſentibus ibidem Dom. Georgio Cornforth Sacriſta pro tunc ejuſdem Eccleſiae, Edwardo Pattonſune, Willielmo Sawfurth, & Hugone Walle, teſtibus ad praemiſſa vocatis ſpecialiter & requiſitis.

1490.Peter BewickThomas Morpeth
1491.George CarrRobert Harding
1492.The ſame.Barth. Young
Pag. 185. par. 8.] Confirmatio Henrici VII. ſuper Carta Henrici IV. de Redditu Novi Caſtri conceſſo Monachis de Farne.

HENRICUS Dei Gratia Rex Angliae & Franoiae, & Dominus Hibernia, omnibus ad quos praeſentes Literae pervenerint, ſalutem. Inſpeximus Literas Patentes Domini Henrici quarti nuper Regis Angliae, progenitoris noſtri, factas in ha [...]c verba. Henrious Dei Gratia Rex Angliae & Franciae, & Dominus Hiberniae, & Dux Aquitaniae, omnibus ad quos praeſentes Literae pervenerint, ſalutem. Inſpeximus Literas Patentes Domini Edwardi nuper Regis Angliae, progenitoris noſtri, factas in haec verba. Edwardus Dei Gratia Rex Angliae & Dominus Hibernia, & Dux Aquitaniae, omnibus ad quos praeſentes Literae pervenerint, ſalutem. Quia ex teſtimonio illorum, quibus fiduciam adhibemus, quod D. Edwardus nuper Rex Angliae, pater noſter, in vita ſua verbo tenus conceſſit Monachis in luſula de Farne Iſland juxta Bamburgh in Comitatu Northumbriae, quae quidem Inſula eſt Prioratus Dunelm. commorantibus decem quarteria frumenti & duo dolia vini percipienda ſingulis annis per manus Majoris & Ballivorum de Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam de elemoſina ipſius patris noſtri in perperuum, & quod conceſſio illn in vita ipſius patris non fuit executioni debite demandata noc literis ſuis aliquibus roborata, Nos, pro ſalute animae ipſtus patris noſtri, volentes voluntatem ſuam in hac parte adimplere & continuare, conceſſimus Monachis praedictas in recompenſationem frumenti & vini praedictorum treſdecim marcas & decent ſolidos percipiendos ſingulis annis ad Foſtum S. Micha [...]lis per manum Majoris & Ballivorum dictae villae de Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam qui pro tempore fuerint de firma ejuſdem Villae, viz. quin (que) marcas pro quolibot dolio vuni, &c quin (que) folidos pro quolibet quarterio frumenti, habenda eiſdem Monachis & ſucceſſoribus ſuis Monachis, in Inſula praedicta commorantibus. de eleimoſina noſtra in perpetuum. In cujus rei Teſtimonium has Litems noſtras fiori focimus Patentes. Teſte Mcipſo apud Rokesburgh 31. die Januarii, anno Regni noſtri nono, viz, 1815. Nos auiom conceſſionem praedictam ratam habentes & gratam eam pro nobis & haeredibus noſtris, quantum in nobis eſt, acceptamus & approbamus, ac nunc Monachis in Inſula praedicta commorantibus, & eorum ſuccoſſoribus, Monachis ibidem commoraturis, concedimus & confirmamus, prout [219] Literae praedictae rationabiliter teſtantur, & prout iidem nunc Monaehi & praedeceſſores ſui Monachi, qui ibidem moram traxerunt dictas treſdecim marcas & decem ſolidos annuos a tempore confectionis Literarum praedictarum rationabiliter percipere conſueverunt. In cujus rei Teſtimonium has Literas noſtras fieri fecimus Patentes. Teſte Meipſo apud Weſtmonaſter. 20. die Februarii, Anno Rigni noſtri ſecundo, viz. 1327. Nos autem Literas praedictas ac omnia & ſingula in eiſdem contenta, rata, habentes & grata, ea pro nobis & haeredibus noſtris, quantum in nobis eſt, acceptamus & approbamus, ac nunc Monachis in Inſula praedicta commorantibus, & eorum ſucceſſoribus Monachis ibidem commorantibus, ratificamus & confirmamus, prout Literae praedictae rationabiliter reſtantur. In cujus rei Teſtimonium has Literas noſtras fieri fecimus Patentes. Teſte Meipſo apud Weſtmonaſter. 27. die Maii, Anno Regni noſtri ſeptimo, 1492.

[218]
1493.George BirdThomas Harbreek
Petitio Immunitatis Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. per Robertum Grene de South Sheles.

VIceſimo quarto die menſis Auguſti, Anno Dom. 1493. Robertus Grene de South Sheles in Com. Dunelm. venit ad Eccleſiam Cathedralem Dunelm. & ibi pulſata campana inſtanter petiit Immunitatem dictae Eccleſiae & libertatem S. Cuthberti, in eo & pro eo quod primo die menſis Auguſti & Anno Dom. ſupradicto in Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam in quodam vico vocato le Cloſe, per inſultum ſuper eo factum per quendam Robertum Nicholſon de Wynlaton nuper de Comitatu praedicto, ſibi in praedicto vico vi & armis cum diverſis ſuis adhaerentibus infidiando, ut aſſeruit, praedictum Robertum cum uno le Scottes-Axe bis in pectore percuſſit & felonice vulneravit, ex quibus plagis & vulneribus ſic impoſitis idem Robertus Nicholſon incontinenter ibidem obiit. Pro qua quidem felonia praefatus Robertus Grene inſtantiſſime petiit Immunitatem & Libertatem S. Cuthberti in tuitionem ſui corporis & bonorum ſuorum infra Tynam & Tyſam, praeſentibus Dom. Roberto Milner, Magiſtro Scholae Grammaticalis Abbathiae Dunelm. Willielmo Hulet, Valecto & Cuſtode Equorum Dom. Prioris Dunelm. Willielmo Grene & Thoma Grene de Wyveſtow, Husbandmen, teſtibus ad praemiſſa rogatis & requiſitis.

1494.The ſame.Thomas Grame
Richard Fox Biſhop of Durham.
1495.The ſame.Chriſtoph. Brigham
Petitio Immunitatis Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. per Johannem Boner de Gateſheved.

SExto decimo die menſis Decembris, Anno Dom. 1495. Johannes Boner de Gateſheved in Com. Dunelm. Laborer, venit ad Eccleſ [...] Cathedralem [...] in ſuo propri [...] [...] & ibidem pulſara campana petiic Immunitatem & Libertatem S. Cuthberti, in eo & pro eo quod ipſe quadam die Dominica proxima ante Feſtum S. Petri quod dicitur ad Vincula, ad quatuordecim annos elapſos inſultum fecit in quendam Alexandrum Stevenſon juxta parcum de Doteland in Comitat. Haguſtaldenſ. ac ipſum Alexandrum cum uno le dager, alio nomine le whynzard, in pectore felonice percuſſit, ex qua percuſſione praefatus Alexander incontinenter obiit. Pro qua quidem felonia praedictus Johannes Boner inſtantiſſime petiit Immunitatem & Libertatem S. Cuthberti & Eccleſiae Cathedralis praedictae praeſentibus ibidem honeſtis viris Stephano Byris, Bucher, Hugone Wall, & Willielmo Blyth de Dunelmo.

1496.The ſame.William Hayning
1497.Robert HardingWilliam Davell
1498.George CarrJohn Penrith
1499.Robert BrighamJohn Snow
Litera Fraternitatis conceſſa Willielmo Richardſon villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, Mercatori, & Janae uxori ſuae.

THOMAS CASTEL Permiſſione Divina Prior Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. & ejuſdem loci Capitulum, dilectis nobis in Chriſto Willielmo Rychardſon villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, Mercatori, & Janae uxori ſuae, ſalutem in Domino ſempiternam. Mentis devotio & ſinceri cordis affectus, quos erga glorioſiſſimum Confeſſorum S. Cuthbertum Patromun noſtrum ac Monaſterium noſtrum Dunelm. habuiſtis & habetis merito nos excitant & inducunt, ut vobis gratitudinis viciſſitudinem rependamus: unde vos in Confratrem & Conſororem ſpirititales Capituli noſtri Dunelm. admittimus per praeſentes, & quantum in nobis eſt, omnium Miſſarum, Vigiliarum, Jejuniorum, Orationum, Praedicationum, Divinorum Officiorum, caererorum (que) operum pietatis, quae per nos & ſucceſſores noſtros tam in dicto Monaſterio noſtro, quam in Cellis ab codem dependentibus fiunt aut ſiont in perpetuum, Domino largiente participationem vobis concedimus ſpecialem; cum (que) ab hac luce per mortem fueritis revocati, & hoc nobis certitudinaliter fuerit intimatum, pro vobis ſicut pro aliis fratribus & ſororibus defuncbis conſucta orationum ſuffragia ſingulis annis futuris perpetuis temporibus perſolvemus. In cujus rie Teſtimonium Sigillum commune Capitulli noſtri praefentibus eſt appenſum. Data Dunelm, decimo die Januarii, Ao Dom. 1499.

1500.George CarrWilliam Ridle
1501.Barth. YoungWilliam Selby
William Severus Biſhop of Durham.
1502.
George CarrThomas Hall
1503.John SnowRobert Baxter
1504.Chriſtoph. BrighamJohn Blaxton
1505.The ſame.John Brandling
1506.George BirdThomas Sanderſon
Chriſtopher Bainbrig Biſhop of Durham.
1507.
Barth. YoungWilliam Harbred
1508.Robert BaxterThomas Leighton
The King died April 22. and Henry VIII. was proclaimed King.

Hen. VIII.

Thomas Ruthall Biſhop of Durham.

Commiſſio Domini Regis facta Johanni Dalton ſuper Officio Collectoris & Cuſtumatoris Lanarum, Coriorum & Pellium Lanatarum in portu villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam.

HENRICUS Dei Gratia Rex Angliae, & Franciae, & Dominus Hiberniae, dilecto ſibi Johanni Dalton ſalutem. Sciatis quod nos de fidelitate & circumſpectione tuis plenius confidentes, aſſignavimus te ad Cuſtumam noſtram Lanarum, Coriorum, & Pellium lanatarum nobis de haereditate noſtra debitam in portu villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, & in ſingulis locis & crecis eidem portui adjacentibus levandam & colligendam & ad opus noſtrum recipiendam; ac ad Sigillum noſtrum quod dicitur Coket in portu praedicto cuſtodiendum, ita quod de denariis nobis inde provenientibus nobis reſpondeas ad Scaccarium noſtrum. Habendum & occupandum officium praedictum quamdiu nobis placuerit, cum vadiis, feodis, & regardis eidem officio debitis & conſuetis. Et ideo tibi praecipimus quod circa praemiſſa diligenter intendas, ac ea facias & exequaris in forma praedicta. In cujus rei Teſtimonium [...] facimus [...] Teſte Meipſo apud Weſtmonaſt, vigeſimo ſecundo die Novemb. Anno Regni noſtri primo.

Litera Fraternitatis in Eccleſia Cathedralis Dunelm. conceſſa Georgio Bird, Aldermanno villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam.

THOMAS Permiſſione Divina Prior Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. & ejuſdem loci Capitulum, dilecto nobis in Chriſto Magiſtro Georgio Bird, Aldermanno villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, ſalutem in Domino ſempiternam. Mentis devotio & ſinceri cordis affectio, quas erga glorioſiſſimum Confeſſorem S. Cuthbertum Patronum noſtrum, nos & Monaſterium noſtrum Dunelm. habuiſtis, habetis, & credimus in futurun habebitis, merito nos excitant & inducunt ut vobis gratitudinis vicem rependamus: unde vos in Confratrem noſtrum ſpiritualem Capituli noſtri Dunelm. admittimus per praeſentes, & quantum in nobis eſt, omnium Miſſarum, Vigiliarium, Jejuniorum, Orationum, Praedicationum, Divinorum Officiorum, caeterorum (que) operum pietatis, quae per nos & ſucceſſores noſtros, tam in dicto Monaſterio noſtro, quam in Cellis ab eodem dependentibus, fiunt aut fient in perpetuum, Domino largiente, participationem vobis concedimus ſpecialem: cum (que) ab hac Iuce per mortem Deus vos evocaverit, & hoc nobis certitudinaliter intimatum fuerit, pro vobis ſicut pro aliis Confratribus noſtris defunctis conſueta orationum ſuffragia ſingulis annis futuris perpetuis temporibus perſolvemus. In cujus rei Teſtimonium Sigillum noſtrum commune Capituli noſtri praeſentibus eſt appenſum. Data Dunelm. in domo noſtra Capitulari nono die menſis Aprilis, Ao Dom. 1509.

Letters of Confraternity in the Cathedral of Durham granted to George Bird, Alderman of the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne.

THOMAS by Divinae Permiſſion Prior of the Cathedral of Durham, together with the Chapter thereof, ſend eternal Health in the Lord to our beloved in Chriſt Mr. George Bird, Alderman of the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne. The inward Devotion, and that unaffected Sincerity of Heart you have entertained, do poſſeſs, and, as we believe, ſhall afterwards harbour towards the glorious Confeſſor St. Cuthbert our Patron, us, and our Monaſtery of Durham, do juſtly require us to offer you our Returns of Gratitude; wherefore by theſe Preſents we admit you a ſpiritual Brother of our Chapter of Durham, and to the beſt of our Power, by the Divine Aſſiſtance grant you the ſpecial Participation of all Maſſes, Vigils, Faſts, Prayers, Sermons, Divine Offices, and other Works of Piety, which at preſent are, or afterwards ſhall be performed by us and our Succeſſors, as well in our Monaſtery aforeſaid, as in the Cells depending upon it; and when it ſhall pleaſe GOD to call you from this Life, and certain Intimation thereof ſhall be given us, in futurity we ſhall annually offer up in your Behalf the uſual Suffrages of Prayer, as hitherto has been done for others of our ſpiritual Brethren deceaſed. In Teſtimony whereof the common Seal of our Chapter is affixed to thoſe Preſents. Dated at Durham in our Chapter-houſe this ninth Day of April, 1509.

1509.
John BrandlingEdward Baxter
An' Chriſti.Mayors.Sheriffs.
1510.Thomas RiddellRoger Dent
1511.George BirdJohn Paſlopp
1512.John BrandlingThomas Horſley
Petitio Immunitatis Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. pro Roberto Lee.

UNdecimo die menſis Octobris Anno Dom. 1512. venit ad Eccleſiam Cathedralem Dunelm, Robertus Lee, ibi (que) pulſata campana, ut moris eſt, inſtanter petiit Immunitatem dictae Eccleſiae & Libertatem S. Cuthberti, pro eo & ex eo quod idem Robertus ſimul cum aliis, inter muros villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam &c. aquam de Tyne deorſum pontem de Tyne, erat perſonaliter, quando quidam Johannes Freſill dactaliter percuſſit quendam Willielmum Wright, cum uno daggar ſuper dorſum inter ſcapulas nono die menſis praedicti, de qua percuſſione dictus Willielmus eodem die obiit: & quia idem Robertus Lee, ut aſſerit, dedit opem & auxilium dicto Johanni homicidae ad evadendum manus circumſtantium ideo petit pro dicto facto inſtantiſſime Immunitatem & Libertatem praedictas, praeſentibus Johanne Watſon, Literato, & Jacobo Johnſon, Laico, teſtibus ad praemiſſa vocatis & ſpecialiter rogatis.

1513.John BaxtonWilliam Harding

On the 9th of Septemb. this Year James IV. King of Scotland being ſlain in the Battle of Flodden Field, Thomas Howard Earl of Surrey, General of the Engliſh Army, having taken care that the dead Body ſhould be embalmed, carried it firſt to Newcaſtle, whence it was conveyed to Shene in Surrey, where it was interred. Ld. Herbert. Echard.

Litera Fraternitatis in Eccleſia Cathedrali Dunelm. conceſſa Edwardo Baxſter, Aldermanno villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, & Aliciae uxori ſuae.

THOMAS Permiſſione Divina Prior Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. & ejuſdem loci Capitulum, dilectis nobis in Chriſto Edwardo Baxſter & Aliciae uxori ſuae, ſalutem in Domino ſempiternam. Mentis devotio & ſinceri cordis affectio, quas erga glorioſiſſimum Confeſſorem S. Cuthbertum Patronum noſtrum, nos, ac Monaſterium noſtrum Dunelm. habetis, & ut firmiter credimus, in futurum habebitis, merito nos incitant & inducunt ut vobis gratitudinis vicem rependamus; unde vos in Confratrem & Conſovorem ſpirituales Capituli noſtri Dunelm. admittimus per praeſentes, & quantum in nobis eſt, & Altiſſimo placuerit, omnium Miſſarum, Vigiliarum, Jejuniorum, Orationum, Praedicationum, Divinorum Officiorum, caeterorum (que) operum pietatis, quac per nos & ſucceſſores noſtros, tam in dicto noſtro Monaſterio Dunelm. quam in Cellis ab eodem dependentibus, fiunt aut fient in perpetuum, Domino largiente, participationem vobis concedimus ſpecialem; cum (que) ab hac luce per mortem Deus vos evocaverit, & hoc nobis certitudinaliter intimatum fuerit, pro vobis, ſicut pro aliis Confratribus & Conſororibus noſtris ſpiritualibus detunctis conſueta orationum ſuffragia ſingulis annis futuris perpetuis temporibus perſolvemus. In cujus rei Teſtimonium Sigillum commune Capituli noſtri praeſentibus eſt appenſum. Data Dunelm. in domo noſtra Capitulari decimo die menſis Auguſti, Ao Dom. 1513.

1514.Thomas HorſleyRobert Watſon
Petitio Immunitatis Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. pro Jacobo Horſley de Novo Caſtro.

VIceſimo ſecundo die menſis Maii, Anno Dom. 1514. venit ad Eccleſiam Cathedralem Dunelm. quidam Jacobus Horſley de villa Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, & ibi pulſata campana, ut moris eſt, inſtanter petiit Immunitatem Eccleſiae Cathedralis praedictae & Libertatem S. Cuthberti, pro eo & ex co quod idem Jacobus decimo die menſis Decembris, Ao Dom. 1513. apud Sandhill in dicta villa Novi Caſtri, ex inſultu ſuper eum facto, ut aſſeruit, per quendam Johannem Taytte, eundem Johannem Taytte cum uno dagario in dextra parte pectoris felonice & laetaliter percuſſit, imponendo ei plagam mortalem; de qua quidem plaga ſic impoſita idem Johannes Taytte incontinenti obiit. Pro qua quidem felonia ſic perpetrata idem Jacobus Horſley captus & attachiatus fuerat per officiarios ſive miniſtros Domini Regis in hujuſmodi villa exiſtentes, & in priſona vocata Newgate ibidem poſitus; quam quidem priſonam idem Jacobus ſelonice fregit & evaſit. Pro qua quidem felonia & e priſona evaſione idem Jacobus inſtantiſſime Immunitatem Eccleſiae Cathedralis praedictae & Libertatem S. Cuthberti petiit praeſentibus tune ibidem Johanne Gower, Heliſca Kelſay, & Thoma Byres, Dunelm. Dioceſ. teſtibus ad praemiſſa vocatis ſpecialiter & rogatis.

1515.Roger DentRobert Bubell
Petitio Immunitatis Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm.pro Rolando Hall de Marley ſuper Montem.

NOno die menſis Septemb. Ao Dom. 1515. venit ad Eccleſiam Cathedralem Dunelm. quidam Rolandus Hall de Marley ſuper Montem parochiae de Whikham, & ibidem pulſata campana, ut moris eſt, inſtanter petiit Immunitatem Eccleſiae Cathedralis praedictae & Libertatem S. Cuthberti, pro eo & ex eo quod idem Rolandus ex inſultu ſuper eum facto, ut aſſerit, quendam Thomam Heryſon de Whikham praedicta apud Cloſe-yate infra villam Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam cum uno gladio percuſſit in Feſto Nativitatis Dominiae Mariae, Anno Domini ſupradicto, imponendo eidem Thomae plagam mortalem in ventre, de qua quidem percuſſione idem Thomas Heryſon eodem die obiit; pro qua quidem felonia ſic perpetrata ſupradictus Rolandus Immunitatem & Libertatem ſupradictas inſtantiſſime petiit, praeſentibus tunc Ibidem Johanne Halle de Dunelm. Draper, Willielmo Raw, & Thomae Byre [...]s Dunelm. Dioceſ. teſtibus ad praemiſſa vocatis & debite recuiſitis.

1516.John BrandlingPeter Chaitor
1517.Edward BaxterNich. Richardſon
1518.The ſame.Thomas Baxter
1519.Thomas HorſleyGilbert Middleton
1520.John BrandlingHenry Anderſon
1521.Thomas RiddellGeorge Davell
1522.Edward BaxterRobert Bartram
Litera Fraternitatis in Eccleſia Cathedrali Dunelm. conceſſa Edwardo Swynburne, Aldermanno villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, & Janetae uxori ſuae.

HUGO WHITEHEAD Permiſſione Divina Prior Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. & ejuſdem loci Capitulum, dilectis nobis in Chriſto Edwardo Swynborne & Janetae uxori ſuae, ſalutem in Domino ſempiternam. Mentis devotio & ſinceri cordis affectio, quas erga glorioſiſſimum Confeſſorem S. Cuthbertum Patronum noſtrum, nos, ac Monaſterium noſtrum Dunelm. habuiſtis, habetis, & in futurum, ut firmiter credimus, habebitis, merito nos excitant & inducunt ut vobis gratitudinis vicem rependamus: unde vos in Confratrem & Conſororem ſpirituales Capituli noſtri Dunelm. admittimus per praeſentes, & quantum in nobis eſt, & Altiſſimo placuerit, omnium Miſſarum, Vigiliarum, Jejuniorum, Orationum, Praedicationum, Divinorum Officiorum, caeterorum (que) operum pietatis, quae per nos & ſucceſſores noſtros, tam in dicto Monaſterio noſtro Dunelm. quam in Cellis ab codem dependentibus, fiunt aut fient in perpetuum, Domino largiente, participationem vobis concedimus ſpecialem; cum (que) ab hac luce per mortem Deus vos evocaverit, & hoc nobis certitudinaliter intimatum fuerit, pro vobis ſicut pro aliis Confratribus & Conſororibus noſtris defunctis, orationum ſuffragia ſingulis annis futuris perpetuis temporibus perſolvemus. In cujus rei Teſtimonium Sigillum commune Capituli noſtri praeſentibus eſt appenſum. Data Dunelm. in domo noſtra Capitulari decimo quinto die menſis Februar. Ao Dom. 1522.

1523.The ſame.James Lawſon
Thomas Woolſey Biſhop of Durham.
1524.Thomas HorſleyRobert Brandling
1525.The ſame.John Watſon
1526.Thomas RiddellEdward Swinburn
1527.John BlaxſtonWilliam Carr
Acquietantia Majoris & Vicecomitis villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, pro Annuitate viginti Librarum a Rege conceſſa pro ſuſtentatione Murorum & Pontis dictae villae.

NOVERINT Univerſi per praeſentes Nos Thomam Riddell, Majorem villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, & Edwardum Swinburne, Vicecomitem, & Camerarium Comitatus ejuſdem, recepiſſe & habuiſſe die confectionis praeſentium de Leonardo Muſgrave, Armigero, Collectore Cuſtum. & Subſidior. Domini Regis in portu villae Novi Caſtri praedictae viginti Libras legalis monetae Angliae, pro anno inſtanti finiendo in Feſto S. Michaelis Archangeli, Ao Dom. 1527. in plenam ſolutionem cujuſdam Annuitatis viginti Librarum per Illuſtriſſimum Principem Dominum noſtrum Henricum Octavum, Dei Gratia Angliae & Franciae Regem, Fidei Defenſorem, & Dominum Hiberniae, ad ſuſtentationem Murorum & Pontis villae Novi Caſtri praedictae devote conceſſae. De qua quidem ſumma viginti Librarum fatemur nos plene fore ſolutos, & dictum Leonardum Muſgrave inde fore quietum per praeſentes, Sigillo noſtro communi ſigillatos, datos 5o die menſis Auguſti, Ao Dom. 1527.

1528.Edward SwinburnAndrew Bewick
A Recommendation of the Company of Merchants of Newcaſtle to the Merchants-Adventurers of England, in Behalf of John Chaytour, a Free Merchant.

TO the Right Worſhipfull Maſters, Governors, and Aſſiſtants of the Right Honorable Fellowſhip of Merchant-Adventurers of the Noble Realm of England, Edward Swinborne Mayor, and Governor of the Fellowſhip of Merchants of the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, Robert Hoppime and John Blenkinſop. Wardens of the ſaid Fellowſhip, ſend greeting in our Lord GOD everlaſting, and to whom appertaineth due Honour and Reverence: We intimate, ſhew, and declare to your Univerſities, that John Chaytour, Bearer hereof, was at this Time th' Apprentice and Servant of Peter Chaytour, Merchant, Whilſt he lived, late of the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, deceaſed, bound by Indenture for the Space of ſeven Years, after the accuſtomed laudable Manner uſed and obſerved in ſemblable Caſes heretofore within this Realm of England, as by the Purpors of the ſame Indenture of Apprenticehood more at large it doth appear; and ſithence the Departure of the ſaid Peter Chaytour hath ſerved Robert Hordſon, Merchant, of the King's Town of Newcaſtle aforeſaid, being of honeſt Converſation and vertuous Demennour, without [223] any ſiniſter Impediment, but that the ſaid John Chaytour may with your lawful Favour be Admitted to his Freedom, and to enjoy the Liberties of the ſame accordingly, for th' accuſtomed Duties paying. In Witneſs whereof to theſe Preſents we have put th' accuſtomed Seal of the ſame Fellowſhip. Given at Newcaſtle aforeſaid.

[222]
1529.James LawſonBartholomew Bee
Officium Clerici Minerarum Epiſcopatus Dunelm. conceſſum Willielmo Thomlyngſon, Parcario Parci de Gateſheved, & Thomae Thomlyngſon filio ſuo.

THOMAS Miſeratione Divina tituli S. Ceciliae SS. Romanae Eccleſiae Presbyter Cardinalis, Ebor. Archiepiſcopus, Apoſtolicae Sedis tam natus quam etiam de Latere Legatus, Angliae Primas & Cancellarius, ac Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. Epiſcopus, Omnibus ad quos praeſentes Literae noſtrae pervenerint, ſalutem. Sciatis quod nos de gratia noſtra ſpeciali, ac pro bono & laudabili ſervitio quod dilectus ſerviens noſter Willielmus Thomlyngſon de Gatiſhed nobis hactenus impendit, & in futurum nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris ac Eccleſiae Dunelm. fideliter impendet, ordinamus & conſtituimus ipſum Willielmum Thomlyngſon & Thomam Thomlyngſon ipſius filium naturalem Clericum omnium Minerarum noſtrarum tam plumbi & ferri quam carbonum exiſtentium in quibuſcun (que) locis infra Dominia noſtra Epiſcopatus Dunelm. nec non officium Clerici Minerarum praedictarum eiſdem Willielmo & Thomae conjunctim & diviſim damus & concedimus per praeſentes, Habendum, exercendum, & occupandum officium illud per ſeipſos aut eorum ſufficientem deputatum, pro quo nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris reſpondere voluerint, durante termino vitae eorundem & alterius eorum diutius viventis, percipiendo annuatim in eodem officio de nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris durante termino vitae eorundem Willielmi & Thomae, & alterius eorum diutius viventis, decem marcas monetae Angliae, ad Feſtum S. Michaelis Archangeli, ad Scaccarium noſtrum Dunelm. per manus Receptoris noſtri generalis pro tempore exiſtentis ſolvendas: nec non damus & concedimus eiſdem Willielmo & Thomae, & eorum alteri diutius viventi, unam celdram carbonum de qualibet minera carbonum nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris pertinente infra Dominia noſtra de Gatiſhed, Whikeham, & Lynne-deane dietim ſolvendam & deliberandam; una cum omnibus aliis proficuis, commoditatibus, rectitudinibus, cuſtubus, & expenſis eidem officio ab antiquo debitis & conſuetis, ac in tam amplioribus modo & forma prout aliquis Clericus in officio illo ante haec tempora habuit & recepit, feu habere & percipere conſuevit. Damus autem univerſis & ſingulis Ballivis, Firmariis, & Miniſtris noſtris & ſucceſſorum noſtrorum omnium Minerarum noſtrarum praedictarum firmiter in mandatis, quatenus praefatis Willielmo & Thomae, & eorum alteri in faciendo, exercendo, & occupando officium praedictum ſint intendentes, obedientes, & auxiliantes prout decet. In cujus rei Teſtimonium has Literas noſtras fieri fecimus Patentes. Teſte Willielmo Frankeleyne Clerico Cancellario noſtro apud Dunelm. primo die menſis Octob. Anno Pontif. noſtri ſexto Ao Dom. 1529.

Cardinal Wolſey's Patent, conſtituting William Thomlyngſon, then Keeper of Gateſide Park, and Thomas Thomlyngſon his Son, Clerk of the Mynes belonging to the Biſhoprick of Durham.

THOMAS, by Divine Mercy, Presbyter Cardinal of the Title of S. Cecilia in the holy Church of Rome, Archbiſhop of York, Legate born, as alſo de Latere of the Apoſtolical See, Primate and Chancellor of England, and Biſhop of the Cathedral Church of Durham, to all to whom theſe our preſent Letters ſhall come, greeting. Know ye, that we, of our eſpecial Grace, and in Return for the good and commendable Services hitherto performed for us by our beloved Servant William Thomlyngſon of Gateſide, and henceforth ſhall faithfully execute for us, our Succeſſors, and the Church of Durham, do ordain, and have conſtituted William Thomlyngſon himſelf, and Thomas Thomlyngſon his natural Son, Clerk of all our Mynes, as well of Lead and Iron, as of Coals, being whereſoever within the Demeſne Lands of our Biſhoprick of Durham: And by theſe Preſents we give and grant the ſaid Office of Clerk of the Mynes to the ſaid William and Thomas jointly and ſeparately, to have, exerciſe, and enjoy by themſelves perſonally, or their ſufficient Deputy, for whoſe Behaviour they ſhall be anſwerable, during the Term of their Lives, or of the Survivor, receiving yearly in the ſaid Office of us and our Succeſſors, during the Term of Life of thi ſaid William and Thomas, and the Surviver of them; ten Marks of Engliſh Money, to be paid at our Exchequer of Durham, at the Feaſt of S. Michael the Archangel, by the Hands of our General Receiver who ſhall then be in Office. We likewiſe give and grant to the ſaid William and Thomas, and to the Survivor of them, one Chalder of Coals of each Coal Myne belonging to us and our Succeſſors within our Demeſnes of Gateſide, Whikeham, and Lynne-deane, to be daily paid and delivered, together with all other Profits, Advantages, Rights, Coſts, and Expences of old accuſtomed and pertaining to the ſaid Office, and in as extenſive Manner and Form as in the ſaid Office any Clerk formerly had and received, or uſed to have and receive. And we firmly command all and ſingular our Bailiffs, Farmers, and Officers in the ſaid Mynes, that they ſhall be obſervant, obedient, and aſſiſtant to the ſaid William and Thomas, and to each of them, in the Performance, Execution and Poſſeſſion of the aforeſaid Office, as in Decency they ought. In Teſtimony whereof, we have commanded theſe our Letter to be made Patent, Witneſſed by William Frankeleyne, our Chancellor of Durham, this ſixth Day of October, in the ſixth Year of our Pontificate, and the Year of our Lord 1529.

1530.Gilbert Middleton.Roger Mitford.
Cuthbert Tunſtall, Maſter of the Rolls, Biſhop of Durham.
1531.Henry Anderſon.John Anderſon.
1532.Robert Brandling.Ralph Carr.
1533.Thomas Horſley.William Dent.
1534.Ralph Carr.Peter Bewick.
1535.Thomas Baxſter.Thomas Bewick.
1536.Robert Brandling.John Ord.
1537.John Sanderſon.John White.
1538.Andrew Bewick.George Selby.
1539.Henry Anderſon.John Hilton.
1540.James Lawſon.Robert Brigham.
This Year War being declared againſt Scotland, William Fitz-Williams, Earl of Southampton, Captain of the Foreward, died at Newcaſtle; a brave Lord, and ſo much eſteemed, that his Standard was born in the Foreward in all this Expedition. Lord Herbert.
1541.
James Hilton.Robert Cowin.
The Scotch Army being routed this Year by an inconſiderable Number of the Engliſh, and the Earls of Glencarn and Caſſills, the Lords Maxwell, Somerville, Oliphant, Gray, and Oliver Sinclair, being, taken Priſoners, and carried to London, a few Days after the Birth of Mary Princeſs of Scotland, and of James the Vth her Father's Death; coming together, King Henry the VIIIth thought it a favourable Juncture to unite Scotland to England, by matching his Son Edward with the new Queen of Scotland: He cauſed the Lords the Priſoners to be ſounded upon this Head, and finding them inclined to ſecond the Overture, he ſet them at Liberty, on Condition they would give Hoſtages for their Return, in Caſe the Project of the Marriage did not ſucceed: This Condition being accepted, they were conducted to Newcaſtle, from whence they returned home, upon Delivery of the Hoſtages. Rapin.
1542.
Henry Anderſon.Mark Shaftoe.
1543.Robert Brandling.Barth Anderſon.
In this Year, being the 36th of King Henry the VIIIth Reign, an Invaſion of Scotland being determined, Edward Seymour Earl of Hertford, and John Dudley Lord Liſle High Admiral, were appointed for this Expedition: The former led the Army to Newcaſtle, where that Admiral arrived with a Fleet of Men of War and 200 Tranſport-Ships, on board of which the Troops were embarked: The Earl of Hertford landed near Leith, took that Town with ſome Difficulty, and then marched directly to Edinburgh, of which he became Maſter with the ſame Eaſe. That City was ſacked and burnt, but the Engliſh attacked not the Caſtle for fear of being engaged in too long a Siege. After that, they returned to Leith, and burning the Town, returned to Berwick the 18th Day of May. Rapin.
1544.
Robert Lewin.Cuthbert Elliſon.
1545.George Deval.Oſwold Chapman.

Edw. VI.

Upon the 28th of January the King died, in the 59th Year of his Age, and 37th of his Reign, and was ſucceeded by Edward his Son, in the 9th Year of his Age.

1546.
Henry AnderſonEdward Baxter.

In this Year, the firſt of K. Edward VI. an Army was prepared for the Invaſion of Scotland, under the Command of Edward Seymour Duke of Somerſet, Lord Protector. The Army firſt aſſembled at Newcaſtle, and were there muſter'd by John Dudley, Earl of Warwick: Here they ſojourned three Days, in which Time the King's Fleet arrived, conſiſting of 65 Bottoms, whereof one open Galley and 34 tall Ships were well appointed for Fight: The reſt ſerved for Carriage of Ammunition and Victuals. Of the Fleet Edward Lord Clinton was Admiral, and Sir William Woodhouſe his Vice-Admiral. In this Time alſo a General Muſter was taken, the whole Army conſiſting of between 1200 and 1300 Foot, and 1300 Men at Arms, 2000 Light Horſe, being ſuch Men for their goodly Perſonages, their ready Horſes, their brave Apparel, their Armour, and Weapons, as never before was an Army ſet forth in all Points better appointted. Sir J Haywood.

1547.
Robert Brandling.Thomas Scott.
1548.Mark Shaftoe.Cuthbert Blunt.
1549.Cuthbert ElliſonRichard Hodgſon.
1550.Robert Brigham.Cuthbert Muſgrave.
1551.Barthol. Anderſon.Chriſtopher Mitford.

In the laſt Year of King Edward VI. paſſed an Act for ſuppreſſing the Biſhoprick of Durham, the ſame being void of a Prelate by the Deprivation [225] of Biſhop Tunſtall, ſo that the Gift thereof was in the King's Pleaſure, and the Compaſs of it being ſo large, extending to ſo many Shires ſo far diſtant, that it could not be ſufficiently ſerved by one Biſhop, and the King being willing to have two Biſhopricks for that Dioceſe, the one at Durham, which ſhould have 2000 Marks Revenue, and another at Newcaſtle, which ſhould have 1000 Marks-Revenue, and alſo to found a Cathedral Church at Newcaſtle, with a Deanry and Chapter out of the Revenues of the ſaid Biſhoprick. Therefore the Biſhoprick is utterly extinguiſhed and diſſolved, and Authority given, by Letters Patents, to erect the two new Biſhopricks, together with the Deanry and Chapter at Newcaſtle, with a Proviſo, that the Rights of the Dean and Chapter of Durham ſhould ſuffer nothing by this Act.

Burnet Hiſt. Reform. Part II. Book I. pag. 204.

The King died, and Mary eldeſt Daughter of King Henry VIII. proclaimed Queen.

[224]
1552.
Robert LewinJohn Law.
1553.Cuthbert Blunt.Robert Elliſon.

Q. Mary.

In the 3d Seſſion of the Parliament of the firſt Year of Queen Mary, King Edward's Act to diſſolve the Biſhoprick of Durham was repealed; and Biſhop Tunſtall reſtored to his Biſhoprick.

1554.Cuthbert Elliſon.William Dixon.
1555.Richard Hodgſon.John Wilkinſon.
1556.Chriſtop. MitfordWilliam Dent.
1557.Bartram Anderſon.William Carr.
1558.Oſwald Chapman.Andrew Suretie.
The Queen dy'd Nov. 17. and was ſucceeded by her Siſter Elizabeth, younger Daughter of K. Henry. VIII.
1559.Robert Elliſon.Robert Anderſon.
Q. Elizabeth.
1560.Cuthbert Muſgrave.Francis Anderſon.
James Pilkington Biſhop of Durham.
1561.John Williamſon.Stephen Southeren.
1562.William Dent.George Selby.
1563.Bartram Anderſon.Thomas Lidle.
1564.Robert Brandling.W. Selby.
1565.William Carr.Anthony Swinburn.
1566.Richard Hodgſon.Henry Brandling.
Original of Extempore Prayer, never to be forgotten, which the Covenant and Directory may boaſt of.

WHILE Queen Elizabeth and her excellent Miniſtry endeavoured to eſtabliſh the Church of England upon the beſt Foundations, and ſenſible of the Attempts againſt her Liturgy, firſt at Geneva, and afterwards at Francfort, and all reaſonable Propoſitions to convince the Puritans, Rome offers openly to abet that Separation, in a Way ſo plauſible, that had not Heaven detected the firſt Agent, the Anabaptiſm of Germany muſt have rooted in England under ſo gifted a Teacher as Faithful Cummin, a noted Dominican, whoſe Hiſtory I tranſcribe from Scrype's Life of Archbiſhop Parker, pag. 230 and 244.

‘In this Year came one of theſe Diſſenting Preachers, in Appearance (but in Truth a Dominican Friar) to Maidſtone, to the Maidenhead Inn there, with divers others his Followers; where, as Gueſts, they beſpa e a Dinner: Divers others reſorted hither, enquiring for this Man, whoſe Name was Faithful Cummin. Theſe were his Congregation. Being thus met in the Room they had taken up, Cummin exerciſed extemporary Prayer for about two Hours, groaning and weeping much. The Exerciſe being over, moſt of the Company departed; ſome few carried and partook with the Exerciſer of the Dinner provided.’

‘Of this Meeting John Clarkſon, the Archbiſhop's Chaplain, being informed, acquainted his Grace, and be the Queen and Council. Before whom at length this Man was convened the next Year, as a Sower of Sedition among the Queen's Subjects: Here the Archbiſhop examined him; he acknowledged he was ordained by Cardinal Pole, but ſaid that he was fallen off from Rome, and that he was a Preacher of the Goſpel; but that he had no Licence to preach from any of the Biſhops, ſince the Reformation. And when the Archbiſhop asked him, if he had no ſuch Licence, how any could be aſſured that he was not of the Romiſh Church? He would prove that by his Prayers and Sermons, wherein he had ſpoken againſt Rome and the Pope, as much as any of the Clergy. And he pretented, that it was Licence enough to preach, to have the Spirit which he ſaid he had. When the Archbiſhop again demanded, whether that could be the Spirit, that complied not with the Orders [226] of the Church, lately purged and cleanſed from Idolatry? He replied, he endeavoured to make the Church purer than it was. This Man had a Congregation, that followed him; which he termed Men of tender Conſciences: And with them he prayed and preached, and adminiſtred the Sacrament. When he preached in publick, he would be abſent till the Divine Service were over (for the Engliſh Liturgy he could not away with) and then he could come into the Church and preach.’

‘After his former Examination, and giving Bail for his farther Appearance, he found Opportunity to eſcape beyond Sea; telling his Congregation, that he was warned of God to travel abroad, to inſtruct Proteſtants in the other Parts of the World, and would come again to them: Leaving theſe as his laſt Words to them, That ſpiritual Prayer was the chief Teſtimony of a true Proteſtant; and that the Set Form of Prayer was but the Maſs tranſlated; and ſo praying with them, and getting Money from them to bear his Expences, in many Tears he parted from them; and was afterwards ſeen in the Low Countries, went to Rome, and upon declaring his Services to the Pope, who, after commending him, gave him a Reward of Two Thouſand Ducati.’ This is more amply related in the Firſt Part of Foxes and Firebrands, pag. 13.

[225]
1567Robert Anderſon.John Watſon.
Nov. 3. this Year died Nicholas Carr, a Native of this Town, eminent not only for his Learning, but alſo for his great Suceeſs in the Practice of Phyſick at Cambridge.
1568
Henry Brandling.William Jenniſon.
1569.Chriſtoph. Mitford.George Simpſon.
1570.Robert Elliſon.George Briggs.
1571.William Jenniſon.Henry Anderſon.
1572.Thomas Liddell.Robert Barker.
1573.William Selby.Mark Shaftoe.
1574.John Watſon.Roger Law.
1575.Henry Brandling.William Ridle.
1576.Henry Brandling.Chriſtopher Lewen.
1577.Robert Baker.Edward Lewen.
Richard Barnes Biſhop of Durham.
1578.Mark Shaftoe.Henry Leonard.
1579.Roger Rawe.James Carr.
1580.Richard Hodgſon.Robert Atkinſon.
1581.William Jenniſon.Henry Chapman.
1582.William Riddel.Henry Mitford.
1583.Henry Anderſon.Roger Nicholſon.
1584.Henry Mitford.Lionel Maddiſon.
1585.Robert Barker.George Whitfield.
1586.Henry Chapman.Robert Dudley.
1587.Edward Lewin.Robert Eden.
1588.Roger Nicholſon.George Farnaby.
1589.William Selby.John Gibſon.

Matthew Hutton Biſhop of Durham.

This Year, being the 31ſt of Q. Elizabeth, Newcaſtle was made a Free Town of itſelf, and for ever to be known by the Name of the Mayor and Burgeſſes of the Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, in the County of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, with Licence to purchaſe Lands and Tenements by that Name, to them and their Succeſſors, in Fee and Perpetuity; and to give, grant, and demiſe the ſame; and to have a Common Seal for tranſacting their Affairs. [227] and the ſame to break, change, or alter; and to pay per Annum 100 l. and to have the Town granted in Fee; and uſed to have the Goods, Chattels, Waves, Eſtreys, and Treaſure found.

This Year likewiſe was granted to the Town an Admiralty Juriſdiction within their own Liberties, together with Confirmation of the Declaration Ao 19 K. Hen. VIII. from Arthur Plantagenet Viſcount Duſley Lord High Admiral, That Newcaſtle upon Tyne was exempt from his Juriſdiction.

[226]
1590.William Riddel.Ralph Jenniſon.
1591.George Farnaby.William Greenwell.
1592.Roger Rawe.Thomas Lidle.
1593.Lionel Maddiſon.William Jenniſon.
1594.Henry Anderſon.George Selby.
Matthew Hutton Biſhop of Durham tranſlated to York, was ſucceeded in the Biſhoprick of Durham by Tobias Matthew Dean of Durham.
1595.William Riddell.Francis Anderſon.
1596.Ralph Jenniſon,Andrian Hedworth.
 Henry Chapman. 
1597.Thomas Liddell.William Huntley.
1598.George Farnaby.William Warmouth.
1599.William Jenniſon.James Clavering.
1600.George Selby.Robert Anderſon.

March 22. this Year, being the 42d of Q. Elizabeth, was confirmed the Cuſtom of Foreign Bought and Foreign Sold, in the following Words:

‘That no Merchant being a Foreigner or Stranger from the Liberty of the Town of Newcaſtle, ſhould or might ſell any of the Merchandizes or Wares within the ſ [...]w Town, except victuals, and except in the Markets and Fairs to be kept within the aforeſaid Town and Liberties, and Precincts of the ſame, unto any Foreign Merchants: Neither might or ſhould any ſuch Foreign Merchants buy any Ware or Merchandize, except what are before excepted, and except in the Fairs to be kept in the aforeſaid Town, the Limits and Liberties of the ſame, as aforeſaid, from any Foreign Merchant within the ſame Town, the Liberties and Precincts of the ſame, upon Pain of Forfeiture of thoſe Merchandizes, ſo as aforeſaid bought and ſold, to the publick Uſe of the ſaid Mayor and Burgeſſes, by them or their Officers to be levied or ſeized for ever.’

1601.Francis Anderſon.Thomas Ridle.
1602.Robert Dudley.Francis Burrell.
March 24. died the Queen, and was ſucceeded by King James I. and ſixth of the Name in Scotland.
1603.Will. Warmouth.Matthew Chapman.

James I.

When King James I. came from Scotland to take Poſſeſſion of the Crown of England, he arrived at Newcaſtle on the 9th of April 1603. where he ſtaid three Days, and heard Tobias Matthew Biſhop of Durham preach on the Sunday: And the Inhabitants were ſo tranſported with his Arrival and Preſence, that during his Stay they bore all the Charges of his Houſhold. Echard.

1604.Thomas Riddell.Peter Ridle.
This Town was thought worthy to give the Honour of the Title of Earl to the Duke of Lenox.
1605.Lionel Maddiſon.Henry Maddiſon.
1606.Sir George Selby.Hugh Selby.
Tobias Matthew Biſhop of Durham was tranſlated to York, and ſucceeded by William James Dean of Durham.
1607.James Clavering.Robert Shaftoe.
1608.Henry ChapmanWilliam Hall.
1609.Thomas Liddell.Thomas Lidle.
1610.William Jenniſon.Timothy Draper.
1611.Sir George Selby.Alexander Daviſon.
1612.Francis Anderſon.Roger Anderſon.
1613.Sir Henry Anderſon.Henry Chapman

This Year was apprehended at Glaſgow one Ogleby a Jeſuit, ſent by Command of his Superiors in the College of Gratts in Stiria: By the King's Command, he was interrogated upon five ſeveral Queſtions; viz. Whether the Pope be Judge in Spiritualibus over his Majeſty; and whether in Temporalibus, if it be in Ordine ad Spiritualia? Whereto he anſwers in Writing to the firſt Part affirmatively, in Spiritualibus; but whether in Temporalibus, he is not obliged to anſwer to any but a Judge of Controverſies in Religion, the Pope, or one of his Authority. 2. Whether the Pope has a Power to depoſe Kings after their Excommunication, and in particular his Majeſty? To this he anſwer'd, He will not declare but to a lawful Judge of Religion. 3. Whether the Pope hath Power to excommunicate Kings, ſuch as are not of his Church, as his Majeſty? To this he anſwer'd affirmatively; and that all People baptiz'd are under the Pope's Power. 4. Whether it be no Murder to kill the King ſo depoſed? 5. Whether he hath Power to aſſoil Subjects from the Oath of their Allegiance to his Majeſty? To theſe he anſwers ut ſupra.

He railed at the Oath of Allegiance as damnable and treaſonable againſt God; ſo became unworthy of Mercy, and order'd to prepare for his Trial; and the Evening before it began, was told, that he was not to be tried for any thing relating to his Religion, but for his former Anſwers to the Queſtions, which he may recal, and crave Mercy: This he utterly refuſed. Upon his Trial, he proteſts not to acknowledge the Judges nor Judgment lawful: The King to have no Authority but derivative from his Predeceſſors, who acknowledged the Pope's Juriſdiction: If the King will be to me, as they were to mine, he ſhall be my King; if otherwiſe, I value him not: And that I repent only for not having been ſo buſy as I ſhould in that which you call perverting of Subjects, and I call ſaving of Souls: I do decline the King's Authority, and will do it ſtill in Matters of Religion; moſt of your Miniſters maintain it, and if they be wiſe, will continue in that Mind. His inſolent Speech was ſhortned by the Jurors quick Return, who found him guilty, and he had Sentence of Treaſon; and to ſtop his Raillery, he was after Noon the ſame Day hanged at Glaſgow.

He was a deſperate ſecond Ravillae, and ready in that Deviliſh Doctrine of Depoſing and Dethroning Kings; which he urged the more (he ſaid) as conſonant to the Kir [...] Miniſters Tenets; and that nothing troubled him, but to be taken away 'ere he had done That which all Scotland and England ſhould not have prevented; and had it been performed, no Torments would have been by him refuſed.

1614.
Will. Warmouth.John Cook.
1615.Francis Burrell.Robert Bewick.
1616.Sir Thomas Riddell.Nicholas Miſburn.
1617.Lionel Maddiſon.William Bonner.

Richard Neile Biſhop of Durham.

King James at his going into Scotland this Year, gave Directions for repairing and orderly adorning his Chapel, and Officers ſent out of England with Neceſſaries, and ſome Portraits and Pictures of the Apoſtles carved for the Pews and Stalls; but the People exclaim at the Sights, that ſuch Images were to be ſet up; the Organs were come before, and after comes the Maſs. The King was angry at their Ignorance, and ſent them word to diſtinguiſh betwixt Pictures intended for Ornament and Decoration, and Images erected for Worſhip and Adoration. So the Scots Kirk can endure Dogs, Bears, and Bulls, nay Devils-Dreſſings, to be figured in Churches, but not the Patriarchs, nor Apoſtles. Frankland's Annals, p. 28.

1618.James Clavering.John Clavering.
1619.Sir Peter Riddell.Robert Anderſon.
1620.Henry Chapman.Nicholas Tempeſt.
1621.William Jenniſon.Henry Lidle.
1622.Sir George Selby.
  • Richard Ledgar,
  • William Jackſon.
1623.Henry Maddiſon
  • Henry Bowes,
  • William Jenniſon.
1624.William Hall.William Jackſon.
Charles I. The King died March 24. and was ſucceeded by his only Son King Charles I.
1625.Thomas Liddell.Ralph Cole.
1626.Alexander Daviſon.Ralph Cock.
1627.Henry Chapman.Henry Cock.
George Montaigne Biſhop of Durham.
1628.Robert Bewick.Ralph Grey.
John Howſon Biſhop of Durham.
1629.John Clavering.Robert Shaftoe.
1630.Robert Anderſon.James Carr.
1631.Will. Warmouth.Henry Warmouth.
This Year the Sheriff of of Durham was ordered by the King and Council to apprehend Offenders damaging the River Tyne, and to carry them before the Mayor of Newcaſtle, Conſervator of the ſaid River.
1632.Sir Lionel MaddiſonFrancis Bowes.
Thomas Morton Biſhop of Durham.
1633.Ralph Cole.Nicholas Cole.
His Majeſty this Year, in his Journey to be crowned in Scotland, arrived at Durham upon Saturday, June the 1ſt, and was received by the Biſhop, Dean, and Prebendaries, with the trueſt Marks of Veneration. Upon Sunday the Biſhop preached before his Majeſty in the Cathedral, and upon Monday, June the 3d, ſet forwards for Newcaſtle about Ten in the Morning, and arrived there in the Evening, attended by the Earls of Northumberland, Arundel, Pembroke, Southampton, Holland, the Marquis Hamilton, Dr. Laud Biſhop of London, and many other Perſons of Quality; who were all entertain'd by the Magiſtrates and Town. Echard.
1634.Ralph Cock.John Marley.
1635.Sir Peter Riddell.Leonard Carr.
1636.Thomas Liddoll.Henry Lawſon.
1637.John Marley.Peter Maddiſon.
This Year Card. Richlieu's ſecret Attempts againſt England, in Return for our Help to the Rochellers, took Effect, in Conſequence of innumerable ſecret Plots and Undertakings parallel to thoſe we have mentioned above, viz. 1566 in England, and 1611, 1617 in Scotland: Since July the 23d, a zealous Woman kindled the firſt Firebrand, in the Preſence of the Privy-Council, Archbiſhop and Biſhops, at Reading the Liturgy in St. Giles's Church in Edinburgh, ſhe firſt caſting a Stool at the Reader thereof, with moſt opprobrious Language, whereby the Mob became exaſperated to ſo great a Height, that after innumerable Curſes, they endanger'd the Life of that Biſhop with Stones, Seats, Stools, and Cudgels, who attempted from the Pulpit to allay their Fury. Frankland's Annals, p. 609.
1638.Alexander Daviſon.Mark Milbank.

In Conſequence of laſt Year's Inſurrection at Edinburgh, the Solemn League and Covenant was univerſally accepted in Scotland, the Snare into which England was ſoon after drawn, to its own general Ruin, Newcaſtle being the firſt Victim ſacrificed to that Idol.

Octob. 31. A. Declaration publiſhed in Scotch againſt the Service-Book, and Aid ſollicited from France.

1639.Robert Bewick.John Emmerſon.

His Majeſty, at the Head of a gallant Army, marched from York againſt the Scotch Covenanters, and Duke Hamilton with the Engliſh Fleet, and 5000 Foot on board, enters the Frith, which ſtruck a general Terror in the Rebels, they having ſo many faſt Friends about the King, were not ſo apprehenſive of the Army, thereby procuring a pacifick Diſſolution of their Enemies while their own Officers were retained in Pay, and the Men ſecured, to be ready at Command.

Afterwards, in the Aſſembly, they cenſure the King's large Declaration of thoſe Troubles, and upon Surmize only, name Dr. Balcanqual, Dean of Durham, Author thereof, and demand he may be ſent to Scotland to abide his Trial, which would have been more than Ordeal. Frankland's Annals, p. 787.

1640.Sir N. Cole, Kt. Bar.Francis Lidle.

The Scotiſh Covenanters Letter of Submiſſion to the French King, preſented by his Majeſty to his Parliament of England.

In this Mayor's Time the Scots, under the Command of General Leſley, Montroſs, and others, upon Friday Auguſt [...]1. invaded the Kingdom of England without any Oppoſition; and, to give the greater Encouragement to the Soldiers, the Earl of Montroſs leading the Van, alighted off his Horſe, and went through the River Tweed [230] on Foot, ſo zealous did he ſtill ſeem for the Cauſe. The Army advancing unmoleſted through Northumberland, came to Newburne upon the River Tyne, four Miles above Newcaſtle, oppoſite to which the Lord Conway was advantagiouſly poſted with 3000 Foot and 1500 Horſe, able to have made a ſufficient Reſiſtance. The Armies being in View, Leſley ſent a Meſſenger to the Lord Conway, deſiring Leave tp paſs, with a Petition to his Majeſty, To which Anſwer was returned, That he might have Liberty to paſs with a few, but not with his Army; upon which Leſley commanded 300 Horſe to ford the River, which they did, but were ſoon forced to retire by the Muſqueteers from behind an Intrenchment; which Leſley perceiving, play'd ſo furiouſly upon it with his Cannon, that the Soldiers ſoon abandoned their Poſt, threw down their Arms, and fled: Whereupon the Scots Cavalry advance again, and are entertain'd by Commiſſioner-General; Wilmot, who gallantly charg'd them back into the River; but theſe were overpower'd by Numbers of the Scots, and being withal gall'd and annoy'd by the Scotiſh Ordnance, were forced to retire in Diſorder, 200 Engliſh being ſlain and taken Priſoners. The Lord Conway retired to North-Allerton, where the Noble Earl of Strafford was very ſevere upon him, becauſe of this Defeat, which my Lord Clarendon calls an infamous and irreparable Rout.

The immediate Conſequence was, Numbers of People fled, with their Families and Goods, into Yorkſhire, Biſhop Morton to his Caſtle at Stockton, and thence into the South Dr. Balcanqual their Countryman, the Dean, made haſte to ſecure himſelf, the Scots threatning to treat him as an Incendiary for Penning the King's large Declaration. The next Day the Scots were attended by Commiſſiners from Newcaſtle, Sir Jacob Aſhley, their Governor, judging the Town not tenable, and ſinking his Ordinance in the River, thought fit to deſert it, to treat for the Surrender of that important Town. On Sunday the, 30th of Auguſt the Scotch Army enter'd. Newcaſtle, where they took Poſſeſſion of the King's Magazines of Arms, Ammunitions, and Victuals, and an Opportunity of enlarging Mr. Colvil, who had been ſent by the Covenanters into France with Letters to the French King and Cardinal Richlieu. The ſame Day Mr. Henderſon preach'd in St. Nicholas Church, and after Sermon the General and Nobility was treated by the Mayor. The Earl of Lothian was made Governor of the Place, with a Garriſon of 2000 Men. Which Truſt they thought he well deſerved, ſuch was his Zeal to the Cauſe, that tho' both his Father and himſelf owed all their Wealth and Greatneſs to the King's Bounty, yet he was one of the firſt that engaged againſt him. At the ſame Time a more diſmal Fate attended the Lord Haddington, who, having a vowedly fallen from the King's Side, and liſted under Leſley, was left at home with his Regiment to attend the Motions of the Garriſon of Berwick. For that purpoſe, he kept his Quarters at Dunglaſs, where ſtanding at Noon-day in the Court-yard with about ſixty Gentlemen, the Caſtle having a Magazine of Powder, which ſuddenly taking Fire, was blown up, and in a Moment buried him and all his Company, ſo that they were never more ſeen. This Tragical Event being reported at Court, the Royaliſts were not ſo moderate in their Conſures as the King himſelf, who only ſaid, that he had been very ungrateful to him, yet he was ſorry he had not Time to repent.

Under theſe diſcouraging Circumſtances the Earl of Strafford met the Engliſh Army at Durham, where he highly blamed the Lord Conway for the late Diſhonour. After that, he found it neceſſary to retire to the ſkirts of Yorkſhire, leaving all Northumberland, and the Biſhoprick of Durham, to the Pleaſure of the Conquerors, who beſides Proviſions of Coals and Forage, ſeſſed theſe Parts at a Contribution of 850 l. per Day, that is, 300 l. to be paid out of Northumberland, 350 l. out of the Biſhoprick, and 200 l. out of the Town of Newcaſtle. Echard's Hiſt, Lib. 1. Cap, 3.

The Agreement between the Scots and Newcaſtle, relating to the Payment of the 200 l. per Day, is as follows, taken from the Original.

AT Newcaſtle the Twenty-Third Day of September, the Year of God One Thouſand Six Hundredth and Forty Years. It is appointed and agreit, betwixt them of the Committe of Eſtates of the Kingdome of Scotland under ſubſcribed on the one Part, and the Mayor and Aldermen of the ſaid Town of Newcaſtle upon Tyne under ſubſcribed, for themſelves and in the Name of the remeinant Burgeſſes, and other Inhabitants of the ſaid Town, on the other Part, in manner following (that is to ſay) the ſaid Mayor and Aldermen, at the Requeſt of the ſaid Committe, and for eſchewing further Inconveniencies, have condeſcendedit to lend the Somes of Money following in manner; viz. the Some of Two Hundred Pounde Sterlinge dayly, begining the firſt Day's Payment thereof at the Fourteenth Day of September Inſtant, and ſwaforth dayly hereafter duringe the Abode of the Scottiſh Army at Newcaſtle; and becauſe here is already nine Days ſpent, they oblidge them to pay the whole ten Days, upon the Twenty-third and Twenty-fifth Days of September Inſtant, and ſwaforth daylye, at leaſt weekley thereafter, beginninge for the Week following on Tueſday the Twenty-ninth of this Inſtant, and ſwaforth weeley thereafter, with ſpecial Condition, that after the ſaid firſt Some for the ſaid firſt Ten Days is paid, that what Neceſſaries for the Entertainment of the Army of any Kind of Victual or other Proviſion, is or ſhall be received by the General Commiſſioner, the ſame ſhall be allowit in Payment either in Whole or in Part of the ſaid Some dayly to be lent, as ſaid is for the quhilks Cauſes, Theſe of the ſaid Committe under ſubſcribed, bynds and oblidges them for themſelves, and in the Name of the Eſtates of the ſaid Kingdome of Scotland, to refound and pay the ſaid Somes, at leaſt ſo much thereof as ſhall be received by the General Commiſſioner, either in Money, Victual, or other Proviſion, at the Prices condeſcendit upon to the ſaid Mayor, Aldermen, and their Succeſſors, betwixt the Daite thereof and the laſt Day of November, in this Inſtant Year of God One Thouſand Six Hundrith and Forty Years, together with the Some of Ten Pounds Money for ille Hundred Poundes, together alſo with the ordinary Intereſt thereof, ſwalong as the ſame ſhall remaine unpaid, after the laſt Day of November next. And further, the ſaid Committe, for themſelves, and in the Name of the General and Others of the Scottiſh Army, does hereby oblidge them, that neither the ſaid Mayor, Aldermen, nor any of the ſaid Burgeſſes, or other the Inhabitants foreſaid, ſhall be troubled in their Perſons, Trades, Houſes, Lands, or Poſſeſſions, but ſhall have a full and ample Safeguard for any Harm can come to them, or any of them.

Providing every one of them pay their ſeveral Proportions according as it ſhall be ſet down amongſt themſelves. With Declaration always, that none of thoſe who have carryed Arms and appeared againſt the ſottiſh Army, ſhall have any Benefit of thiſ Agreement. And in Caſe any of the ſaid Burſſes, or others the Inhabitants, ſhall be refractory, and refuſe to lend their Proportions, the Under-ſubſcribed ſhall be free of ſo much of the foreſaid Some [...] as comes to their Part, the ſaid Mayor and Aldermen giving up a [231] Liſt of their Names and Somes, and make it good that they are reſponſable Perſons, and has Goods or Land within the ſaid Town able to pay their Proportion.

After this Agreement was ſigned, they ſeated themſelves in the Town. Where (as the Authority mentioned ſays) they were indulged with good Proviſions, and better Entertainment than they enjoyed in their own Country, which coſt the Town a vaſt Sum of Money, for they continued too long a Time before the People were rightly ſafed of them. Beſides the 850 l. a Day, they ſeized the Rents of the Biſhop, Dean, and Chapter, and Papiſts, as Enemies to their Deſigns; and Leſley ſuffered his Soldiers to rifle and break open Shops and Houſes, and likewiſe ſeized on four great Engliſh Ships laden with Corn as lawful Prize. Echard.

[229]
An' Chriſti.Mayors.Sheriffs.
1641.The ſame.Francis Anderſon.

May 21.

There was a Meſſage ſent to the Lord; touching the disbanding the two Armies, if not totally, yet Part and Part at a Time: Upon which Maſter Treaſurer made a Report that there as an Arrear to the Scots of 120000 l. beſides the 300000 l. In the Afternoon the Commons voted it, and it was confirm'd by the Lords, that both Armies ſhould be ſatisfied and disbanded by the ſecond of the next Month.

June 19.

There was a great Debate about the Payment of the 300000 l. allowed the Scots; at length it was concluded, that they ſhould have 100000 l. of it paid at Michaelmas come Twelve-months, and the other 200000 l. at Midſummer Two-years after.

June 22.

It was voted, that eight of the Lords, and ſix of the Commons, ſhould be appointed as Commiſſioners to pay the Scots the Money of Aſſiſtance allowed them.

July 7.

At a Conference betwixt both Houſes, there was a Debate about disbanding the Armies; and it was concluded on, that there ſhould be 50000 l. preſently ſent down for the disbanding the English Army, and the Scots to have 60000 l. to disband theirs, to be paid by the Earl of Warwick.

Auguſt 6-

At a Conference, the Lord Lowdon made a Report from the reſt of the Lords in Scotland, that they had accepted the Articles of Pacification with much Thankfulneſs, and had agreed for the ſpeedy disbanding of their Army, and given Publick Faith upon it.

Auguſt 24.

There came Letters this Day of the Scots marching away, and that his Majeſty had prevailed with the Parliament of Scotland, that their Ordnance and Ammunition ſhould be left at Newcaſtle to be conveyed to London.

1642.Sir John Marley, Kt.Henry Maddiſon.

In this Year just before the breaking out of the Civil Wars, King Charles I. ordered the Earl of Newcaſtle [William Cavendiſh] to ſecurce the Town of Newcaſtle; which was done, tho' with much Difficulty; and then he cauſed Tinmouth Caſtle to be ſeized alſo. Rapin.

In this Year alſo Leonard Carr, Eſq an Alderman of this Place, had the following Articles exhibited againſt him by the Common-Wealth, to each of which my Authority has made a marginal Remark; which take as follows.

I.

He the ſaid Leonard Carr joined with Sir John Marley and othersThis firſt Article is really true, that he and about thirty more raiſed 300 l. amongſt them; but they could not get one Man to prove it.in Newcaſtle, in lending Money to the late King Charles, after he had left and deſerted the Parliament in the Year 1642.

II.

The ſaid Mr. Carr joined with Sir John Marley and other Aldermen, The Truth of his Article may appear under his Hand in the Common-Council Chamber. in diſpoſing of 706 l. out of the Town's Treaſury, which was lent and ſent to the King accordingly, at his firſt raiſing War againſt the Parliament.

III.

He the ſaid Mr. Carr did join with Sir John Marley in laying an Imposition of Three-pence upon every Ch [...]ldron of Goals, This Article alſo may be proved his Hand in the Towns's Books at this Day. for maintaining of the Garriſon of Newcaſtle, and for ſatisfying of the Sums of Money taken up by Sir John Marley and others, for the Maintenance of the War againſt the Parliament.

IV.

The ſaid Mr. Carr being Governor of the Merchants Company, This may be proved under his Hand in the Merchants Company's Books. The ſeverall Subſcriptions were ſhown to the Committee appointed by the Council. acquainted them with the King's great Want of Money, and preſſed them to a Contribution, and thereupon a conſiderable Sum of Money was raiſed and sent away to his Majeſty.

V.
[232]

He the ſaid Mr. Carr was appointed by Sir John Marley and others, This is known to all the Town and Country as chief Surveyor for the building of a Fort in Newcaſtle, againſt the Parliament's Forces; which he performed ſo well, that for his Merit they call'd it by his Name, CARR's BATTERY.

VI.

He the ſaid Mr. Carr did, This is certainly true, and I can give Oath of it, the Writing being his own Hand. by a Writing under his own Hand (which was found at the Storming of Newcaſtle among the Governor's Papers) ſubſcribe the Earl of Eſſex and the Parliament of England Traytors, for taking up Arms againſt the King.

VII.

He the ſaid Mr. Carr, upon the Parliament's Forces approaching Newcaſtle,This will be proved upon Oath by the Perſons who owed the Houſes, Informations being given in already cauſed to be pulled down ſome Houſes in a Place called Sandgate, to the utter undoing of the poor Inhabitants.

VIII.

The ſaid Mr. Carr did join with Sir John Marley and others, This Mr. Carr confeſs'd before Major-General Hammond, and I ſaw his Hand to a peremptory Letter in writing a Letter to General Leſley, and the Engliſh Commiſſioners, poſitively refuſing to deliver up the Town when they, in the Parliament's Name, and for their Uſe, made Demand thereof in Writing.

IX.

And further, The Anſwer he gave himſelf before his Highneſs's Council to theſe Articles, I have ſeen Courage failed him in the day of Battle; he was like Man ſinking, who will catch at the ſmalleſt ſinking, Reed to ſave his life. However, ſet aſide a Frailty too common ſtill be looked upon as a Lover of his King and Country. he the ſaid Mr. Carr, was ſummoned before the Committee for Sequeſtration for his Delinquency, where he was upon his Examination of the Articles againſt him, declared a Delinquent, and ſince that Time before the Committee confeſſed himſelf a Delinquent, and craved the honourable Reſpects to him.

[231]
This Year, in July, the Lord Grey of Wark, and others, were ſent by the Parliament to invite the Scots once more to invade England, who the following Month ſent the Solemn League and Covenant to them, which was readily read in Parliament, and taken by the Houſe of Commons Sept. 23. in St. Margaret's, and Oct. 15. by the Lords in Weſtminſter-Abbey. A ſit Prelude to their ſanctify'd Reformation, and a proper Imitation of that at Munſter!
1643.
The ſame.Cuthbert Carr.
1644.
  • The ſame
  • Henry Warmouth
  • James Cole.
  • Robert Elliſon

    On the 15th of January, this year, in a diſmal ſnowy Seaſon, the Scots, contrary to all Faith and Loyalty, paſſed the River Tweed at Berwick, accompany'd by a ſelect Committee of their own, and there met another from England, who were to conduct and ſupply them in the moſt loving Manner: Upon their Conjunction, was framed the General Committee of both Kingdoms, and in Effect became a united Camp-Parliament. Before the Advance of the Army by a Trumpeter, they ſent a Letter to Sir Thomas Glenham, and the reſt of the Commanders and Gentlemen of Northumberland, at Alnwick; in which they inſiſted upon the Solemn League and Covenant, and declared their well-weighed Reſolutions, to prevent that imminent Danger, not only of Corruption, but of Ruin, which they ſaw evidently intended to the true Proteſtant Religion, by the Popiſh and Prelatical Faction; and to reſcue his Majeſty's Perſon and Honour from the Counſels of thoſe, whoſe Ends are little better than Popery and Tyranny. Therefore, they expected the Concurrence of them, and all others; and if they met with any Oppoſition, the Law of Nature, and their own Reaſon, would tell them what they are to expect. With this Letter they ſent alſo a Copy of the Scotch Declaration, to give it the greater Force and Authority among the Vulgar.

    The brave Sir Thomas Glenham, after a ſerious Conſultation with the Officers and Gentry, how moſt to incommode the Enemy's March, returned a ſharp Anſwer; in which he and the reſt declare. That, without the Sight of that Letter, they could not have believed that the Scottiſh Nation, or the preſent prevailing Party in that Nation, would have attempted an Invaſion of England, ſo contrary to the Laws of God, of Nations, and of both Kingdoms, but eſpecially to the late Act of Pacification; ſo oppoſite to their Allegiance and Gratitude to his Majeſty, to that neighbourly Love they pretend, to that diſcreet Care they ſhould have of their own Safety. They declare, that no Order of Committees whatſoever, of Men, or Angels, could give Power to make War againſt their natural Sovereign, upon the empty Pretence of nameleſs evil Counſellors; and for the Engliſh Agents, they could not believe them any Commiſſioners lawfully authorized by the Two Houſes of Parliament, or yet by the Houſe of Commons, whence ſo many Members were expell'd by partial Voting, ſo many baniſhed by ſeditious Tumults, ſo many voluntarily abſent out of Conſcience; where Deſperation, Want of Opportunity to depart, or Fear of certain Plunder, were the chief Bonds which held the little Remnant together from Diſſipation , where the venerable Name of Parliament was made a State to countenance the pernicious Counſels and Acts of a cloſe Committee.

    As to the Scots, they declare, that no Covenant whatſoever could juſtify ſuch Proceedings, begun without any Neceſſity, or ſo much as Provocation. After anſwering their Pretenſions, they deſire them to conſider, that there muſt be an Account given to God of all the Blood which ſhould be ſhed in this Quarrel: And ſince their Inſults [233] were ſuch, that a vanquiſhed Nation could ſcarce endure, from their Conquerors, they could not think they were grown ſo ſame, as to deſert ther Religion, Laws, Liberties, and Eſtates, upon Command of Foreigners; and to ſuffer themſelves to be made Beggars, and Slaves, without Oppoſition.

    Theſe Paper-Skirmiſhes had no other Effect, than to gain ſome little Time for Sir Thomas Glenham to draw his Forces and Artillery to Newcaſtle, for Alnwick was not tenable; beſides, he found ſeveral of the Gentlemen of Northumberland, eſpecially ſuch as were allied to the Lord Grey of Wark, either for fear of the Scotch, or Affection to their Cauſe, were very backward in oppoſing the Enemy. The Scotch marched after him by ſlow and difficult Marches, by Reaſon of the Snow and Floods, and on the 3d of February ſummoned the Town of Newcaſtle, but finding they were not able to take the Place, after three Weeks Stay, and ſome Skirmiſhes, they paſſed the River Tyne on the 28th of February, and on the 4th of March entred Sunderland. The Marquis of Newcaſtle, General for the King in theſe Northern Parts, having reinforced his Army to about 14,000 Horſe and Foot, attended ſo near the Scotch Army, and ſo intercepted their Supplies, that ſometimes they had neither Meat nor Drink, and were never poſſeſſed of above twenty-four Hours Proviſion; but they coloured over their neceſſity by keeping a ſolemn Faſt; and preſſing on towards Durham for better Quarters, to ſtop their advancing, on the Twenty-third of March the Marquis drew up his Army at Hilton, on the North of the River Were; the Scots were drawn up on Whitburn Lizard, a Hill Eaſt from them, adjoining to the Sea: So the Armies faced each other, and skirmiſhed in Parties; the Field-Word given by the Marquis being prophetically enough, Now or Never; and by the Scots, in their aſſuming Way, The Lord of Hoſts is with us. The Marquis not being able to force the Scots to a Battle, retreated towards his Quarters at Durham, and the Scots followed ſlowly, but could make no conſiderable Advance, till the Lord Fairfax, and the reſt of the Parliament Forces, by a new Diverſion, gave them Opportunity to deſcend into Yorkſhire. Echard.

    In the ſame Year, after the City of York had ſurrender'd to the Parliament, the three Armies thought ſit to ſeparate; the Scottiſh Army was order'd to march Northwards, and joining with the Earl of Calander, who had enter'd England with 10,000 Scots, laid Siege to Newcaſtle on the 13th of Auguſt; the Siege laſted above two Months, and proved one of the moſt reſolute in the Kingdom; all Sorts of Policy of Peace and War; by Treaty, by Mines, by Aſſaults, having been uſed to little Effect, the Inhabitants reſolving (if poſſible) never to fall into the Hands of the Scots. But on Saturday the 19th of October the whole Scotch Army furiouſly ſet upon the Town, and having made three Breaches, after a tedious and bloody Storm, they at laſt maſter'd it. Sir John Marley, Sir Nicholas Cole, and Sir George Barker, got into the Caſtle, where being forced by Neceſſity, they came to a Capitulation, and ſurrender'd on the 27th of the ſame Month. The Town being taken by Aſſault, was ſufficiently plunder'd; but the Surrendry proved of great Importance to the City of London, where the poorer Sort of People, for the two laſt Years, were almoſt ſtarved for want of Fewel, Coals having been riſen to the Price of 4 l. a Chaldron; a Price never known before that Time. Echard.

    In this Year the round Tower under the Moot-Hall, towards the Sand-Hill, called the Half-Moon, which was the old Caſtle of Monkcheſter, was by Sir John Marley made uſe of to ſecure the River and Key-ſide againſt the Scots, and the other Caſtle he put into good Repair, which was very ruinous: On the former he laid great Guns, for the Uſe above-mentioned; and on the latter he laid great Ordnance, to beat off thoſe Guns which the Scots had laid upon the Banks of Gateſhead againſt the Town. And this he managed bravely for a long time; for the Scots began the siege about July, and it was the 19th of October before they could take it; which they did by Storm, upon the Day after St. Luke's Day; and it was [...] by the White Fryer Tower and Sandgate, where the Colliers of Elſwick and Benwell were employed under one John Osbourn (a falſe rebellious Scot) to undermine the Walls; which they did, and blew them up, and ſo got and plunder'd the Town. And no marvel, for they were accounted 30,000 Men, and the Townſmen were but, in all, 1500 Men, wearied with continual Watch and Duty, tho' Men of great Courage, and ſought it gallantly to the laſt; for the Newgate Ward, which was under Capt. Cuthbert Carr, was taken by the Enemy, who entered at the aſoreſaid Places, and encompaſſed them before and behind; and Pilgrim-ſtreet Gate was maintained by Capt. George Errington, Lieutenant William Robſon, and Enſign Thomas Swan, who ſought and killed very many, they themſelves not having one hurt, until they were encompaſſed by the Enemy before and behind: And even then they would not parley with the Scots who fought againſt them without, but did capitulate with Lieutenant-Colonel Sinclair, who loved and honoured them, and kept his Agreement ſo well with them, that not one of them was robbed of his Cloaths or Money, nor were any of his Men ſuffered to give any evil Word; and it was the great Bleſſing of God, that, in all that Time, there was not one Man ſlain, nor hurt, altho' that Company conſiſted of Nineſcore Men, all TradeſMen, and there were divers Sallies made out at that Gate; for it was the longeſt of all the Gates of the Town, it being barrocaded and ſhut up. And after they had ſurrender'd, and the Enemy was called over at that Breach, they durſt not approach, but ſhot at their Friends that called them, and would not believe that the Town was taken. MS. Milbank.

    It is not improper to place here the Lord Hume's Relation of the Concluſion of this Siege, in his Letter to the Lord Chancellor of Scotland, with the reſt of the Commiſſioners at London.

    Right Honourable,

    I Should have gone into Newcaſtle on Thurſday, but was put off till Friday by theſe obſtinate Miſcreants, eſpecially the Mayor of that Town. Sir David Hume, John Rutherford, and I my ſelf, went in on Friday at Nine in the Morning; we had Commiſſion from General Leſley and Committees, if we found real Dealings, to yield to honourable Conditions.

    The Mayor, Sir Nicholas Cole, and Sir George Baker, were treating with us; they gave us big Words; do what we could, they would not ſo much as come to ſpeak of Conditions of rendring up the Town; and after three or four Hours Debate, all that we could draw from them, was, that they would think upon our Propoſitions, and return them within three or four Days; and that, when all Conditions were agreed upon, they would give Hoſtages to ſurrender in caſe Relief came not in twenty Days; nor would they ſo much as write to the General their own Propoſitions. So that, after our Return, we ſent to the Town theſe Conditions, forthwith to be accepted.

    That all Officers ſhould have Liberty to ſtay, or to march out in all Honour, with Arms, Bagg and Baggage. to any Garriſon, with a Convoy, within ſixty Miles; and all others not Soldiers, ſhall have the like Liberty: The Town to enjoy all their former Liberties and Charter, with all manner of Protection to the Inhabitants from Plunder: Freedom as any Town ſubject to the Parliament: No free Billeting impoſed: [234] None to enter the Town, but only a competent Garriſon ſigned by the General, with this Caveat, that they ſhould ſend out Hoſtages by Eight of the Clock the next Morning, for Surrender of the Town before Monday the 21 of October.

    Inſtead of which, they ſent out to us a bitter Invective Letter, tho' they knew all our Batteries and Mines were ready; yet they boldly drew from us theſe Enforcements: Therefore, this Morning the Scots make three Breaches, and to ſpring four Mines, and ſo to fall on: The Breaches were made reaſonable low before Three a Clock Afternoon: All Mines played well, and yet the Town ſtood out obſtinate: My Lord Chancellour's Regiment and Backelough's enter'd a Breach at Cloſegate: The General of the Artillery his Regiment and that other of Edinburgh's enter'd at Nine under the White Tower: Col. Stuart's and Gask's Regiments enter'd at a Mine, but with hot Diſpute, at Weſtgate; this was our Quarter: Lieutenant-General Bally had another Quarter at Newgate, with five Regiments, his own, Waughton's, Cowper's, Dunferling's, and Dudhop's, who enter'd by a Breach, many of our Officers kill'd, Major Robert Hepburn much lamented. Caſtles, Kelhead, Wedderburn, Marſhall, and the Maſter of Yeſters, they had the third Quarter. Sinclaire, Alton, Niddery, the Maſter of Cranſton, and the Lord Niddery, had the fourth Quarter, who enter'd at two Mines. They within made their utmoſt Oppoſition, with great Execution on us, but we forced them; and the Mayor, with others, Gentlemen of Quality, got to the Caſtle. More you ſhall have within a Day or two.

    Your Lordſhip's Humble Servant, A. HUME.

    And preſently upon this Letter, Thankſgiving was made at London, with hearty Thanks to God for his great Mercy in giving up the Town of New-Caſtle in England to our Brethren of Scotland; and the 27th October the Caſtle likewiſe ſurrendered, with three hundred Perſons; the Lords Crawford, Rea, and Maxwell, were ſent to Edinburgh to be executed; and the Town being taken by a great Slaughter, was plundered to the full; and the Scots excuſed themſelves, that therein the Parliament of England would be the better pleaſed. Thus was the Town taken from the King after an obſtinate and gallant Defence, and well may aſſume the Motto Beſtowed upon it, ‘FORTITER DEFENDENDO TRIUMPHANS.’

    The COMMITTEE'S DECLARATION.

    THE Committees of both Kingdoms, after many Meetings and ſerious Debates amongſt themſelves, and the hearing of ſundry Perſons well experienced in the Collieries and Coal-Works about the Town of Newcaſtle, and having taken into their ſerious Conſideration ſundry Propoſitions for the Good of thoſe Works, and the driving on of that Trade for the Benefit of the Parliament, and the Pay of the Army, have at length concluded and agreed amongſt themſelves, that ſome of the moſt notorious Delinquents and Malignants, late Coal-Owners in the Town of Newcaſtle, ſhould be wholly excluded from intermeddling with any Shares or Parts of Collieries, or Intereſt in any Coals whatſomever, that formerly they have laid Claim unto, and that the reſt of the ſaid Delinquents deſerve not to have any Benefit of the ſaid Coals or Collieries: But in regard the Delinquents and Malignants belonging to thoſe Collieries were very many in Number, they did not conceive it for the Service of the Parliament, or the Army, to put them all out at once, and ſo to hazard the retarding of the preſent ſetting on of the Works, and ruining of the ſame, in regard they were furniſhed with Materials and Utenſils, and had Things ready at hand, and did beſt know where to find Workmen, which Strangers would have had Difficulty to find, and could not poſſibly on the ſudden ſufficiently provide themſelves to ſet on the Works; and having made Trial to lett ſome Delinquents Collieries, and, for this Purpoſe, having treated with ſome well-affected Perſons what Profit might be raiſed, and how they might be lett for the moſt Benefit to the Parliament, were conſtrain'd for the preſent rather to make Uſe of thoſe Delinquents in working their own Collieries as Tenants and Servants to the Parliament, than to engage our Friends upon Incertainties, and hazard their Loſs, as our own Hindrance in ſetting forward the Works, for the Uſe and Benefit of the Parliament. Wherefore the Committees of both Kingdoms, ſeeing the Neceſſity of diſpatching away the Ships that every Day call upon us for their Lading, and lie at Charges in Expectation of getting Coals for their Money, have thought fit to make the following Declaration to all, but ſuch as are expected as before-mentioned, and whoſe Names are hereafter written.

    1ſt. That for the preſent Time there be allowed, on the behalf of the reſt of the late Coal-Owners, 10 s. Sterling upon every Chaldron of Ship-Coals, for deſraying the Charges in the Works under-ground, Carriage thereof to the Staiths, and from thence in Keels to the Ships, paying the Town-Dues, as was formerly paid (viz.) 3 d. for the Town, and 3 d. for the Garriſon per Chalder, and the uſual and accuſtomed Rents for the Pits; and as a competent Conſideration for the Support of the ſaid late Owners themſelves, and this Allowance is made, as well for the Coals at the Staiths and Pits ready wrought, as thoſe to be wrought, the ſaid Owners, Collieries and Workmen, being always obliged to ſet on Foot with all Diligence, and maintain their Coal-Works, make ready their Keels, and all other Neceſſaries ſit for the ſame; and the Coal-Workers who are to receive the Benefit of Payment, as aboveſaid, for their Work out of the Coals already above ground, are obliged to continue in working the ſaid Coals at the ordinary Rate and Conditions, as was formerly accuſtomed, And whatſoover more Price the ſaid Chalders of Coals (being ſold to Merchantſ or Maſters of ſhips) ſhall yield above the ſaid 10 s. per Chalder, together with what Cuſtom and impoſt is or ſhall be put upon the ſame; and the old Cuſtom of 1 s. upon the Chalder formerly paid by the Owners to his Majeſty, to be employed for the Pay and Maintenance of the Army, upon Account, to the Parliament of England, or their Committes.

    2dly. That the Coalſ already wrought above-ground, either at Pits or Staiths, Belonging to Friends, have like Allowance of 10 s. upon the Chalder, they paying the ſaid Town's Duties (viz.) 3 d. to the Town, [235] and 3 d. to the Garriſon per Chalder. And the Surplus of the Price which they ſhall yield ( [...]eing ſold to Merchants or Ship Maſters) to be employed for the ſaid public: Uſe by Way of Loan; and that they have the publick Faith for the ſame. The Owners, Taxmen and Workers, being always tied, to put on Foot and maintain the ſaid Works, remitting to the Determination of the Parliament what other Conditions they will be pleaſed to grant them for the Coals henceforth to be wrought.

    3dly. It is thought fit that the Price of Coals be 15 s. per Chalder, with the Aſſeſs of 4 s. upon the Chalder, and the ancient 12 d, to the King, is 20 s. for every Chalder to Merchant or Skipper, for all Coals vended in this Port of Newcaſtle; and for thoſe exported, to pay the ſame Rate, and ſuch further Cuſtom as is ordained by the Book of Cuſtom-Rates.

    4thly. That Certification be made to the ſeveral Owners, of which we doubt not our Friends will take ſpecial Notice, and inſtantly apply themſelves to ſet on their Works, that if preſently they uſe not all poſſible Diligence in getting on Foot their ſeveral Coal-Works, and in maintaining thereof, in that Caſe to be declared uncapable of any future Benefit, which they might expect out of their ſaid Collieries, and that other Perſons ſhall be employed forworking the ſame, for the publick Uſe and Benefit of the Parliament and Army.

    The Parties Names excepted out of this Declaration and Agreement, as before-mentioned.
    • Sir JOHN MARLEY, Knight.
    • Sir THOMAS RIDDELL, Knight.
    • Sir THOMAS LIDDELL, Knight.
    • Sir ALEXANDER DAVISON, Knight.
    • Sir JOHN MINNS, Knight.
    • Sir FRANCIS ANDERSON, Knight.
    • WILLIAM ROWE, Secr. Commiſſioners.
    [232]
An' Chriſti.Mayors.Sheriffs.
1645.John Blackſton.Chriſtopher Nicholſon.
1646.Henry Dawſon.Henry Rawling.

In this year, when King Charles I. by his ill Succeſs, was reduced to the loweſt Ebb, he, upon ſome Aſſurances of Protection from the Scots, then beſieging Newark, repaired to their Army, and immediately gave Orders to the Lord Bellaſis to ſurrender Newark, which might have held out ſeveral Months longer; which done, the Scots Army, before they could have received any Orders from the Parliament, with uncommon Expedition, marched with him to Newcaſtle, where they arrived May the 13th. About the Middle of July the Parliament ſent their Commiſſioners, the Earls of Pembroke and Suffolk, of the Peers, and Sir Walter Earl, Sir John Hippiſley, Robert Goodwin, and Luke Robinſon, Eſqrs. for the Commons, with 10 Propoſitions for his Majeſty to aſſent to, [See Ruſhworth.] Demands of ſuch a horrid and deſtructive Nature, as would, if granted, have render'd the King and his Memory inglorious and deſpicable both at home and abroad. The King perceiving all Things tending to his Ruin, he ſeemed to hearken moſt to his old falſe Friend William Murray of the Bed-Chamber, who privately propoſed an Eſcape, and offered to make his Way, and to have a ſhip in Readineſs to tranſport his Majeſty beyond Sea. The Project appeared plauſible, and the King had diſguiſed himſelf for it, but was diſcovered in the Attempt. Whether he was faithful to his Majeſty in this Point, is uncertain, ſince Sir Robert Murray was concerned in it; but Biſhop Guthry ſays it was divulged before the ſet Time, ſo that there was no Diſcourſe throughout the Army but of Murray's Plot to carry away the King. Thereupon a Guard of Soldiers was immediately planted at his Chamber, Door, both within and without; by which his Majeſty was not only deprived of Liberty, but alſo of Quiet and Retirement; and having an Antipathy againſt Tobacco, was much diſturbed by their bold and continual ſmoaking in his Preſence: A military Preſage of the ſame heatheniſh Barbarity at going to the Block before Whitehall.

Upon his Majeſty's Entry into Newcaſtle, he was careſſed with Bonfires and Ringing of Bells, Drums and Trumpets, and Peals of Ordnance; but guarded by 300 of the Scottiſh Horſe, theſe near him bare-headed. He lodged at General Levin's Quarters, who proclaims that Papiſts or Delinquents ſhould not come near his Perſon.

And that altho' his Majeſty was preſent, yet all Men whatſoever ſhould yield Obedience to the Ordinance of Parliament.

The Scotch Army are now, they imagine, Maſters of all, by their Power of the King's Perſon, and levy intolerable Taxes and Aſſeſſments upon all Northern Counties, which very courſely reſent them, and complain to the Parliament at Weſtminſters, not without ſome Riſing of the People ſtanding upon their Guard: And all the Scotch Horſ formerly ſent into Scotland are return'd into Yorkſhire; which makes the Houſe of Common debate and vote, That this Kingdom had no further Need of the Army of our Brethren the Scots in this Kingdom, and that the Sum of 100,000 l. ſhould be advanced and paid to that Army as followeth, viz, 50,000 l. thereof after their ſurrendring of Newcaſtle, Carliſle, and other Engliſh Garriſons poſſeſſed by them in England, and the other 50,000 l. after they are advanced into Scotland, and Order ſhall be taken for Payment of their Arrears.

And forthwith Mr. Alexander Henderſon, the Scots Apoſtolick: Miniſter, and one of their Commiſſioners, was ſent from Weſtminſter to Newcaſtle to diſpute with the King, and to convince him to the Covenant; where, after several Diſcourſe and Meetings, the King is pleaſed to deſcend so low as to argue Reaſons by Writings, which continued ſeveral Encounters by Papers till the 16th of July, concerning Church-Matters, by Auth [...]rity of the Fathers, and Practice of the Church, which Henderſon would avoid, by Texts of Scripture, and from thence, his own Opinion ſhould guide him beyond all univerſal Conſent or Practice of the Primitive Church which were erroneous, which was not contradicted by orthodox learned Men in the Times of the firſt Practice, as is easily percieved: That theſe Deſections were, ſome of them juſtly called Rebellions, which Henderſon mentions. And laſtly, that alleit he never eſteem'd any Authority equal to the Scripture, yet he thanks the numerous Conſent of the Fathers, and the univerſal Practice of the Primitive Church, to be the beſt and Authentical Interpreters of God's Word, and consequently the pureſt Judges between him and Henderſon, until better may be ſound; [236] as for Example, he ſays, I think Mr. Henderſon the beſt Preacher in Newcaſtle, yet I believe you may err, and poſſibly a better Preacher may come; but till then I muſt retain my Opinion. C.R.

Theſe Diſputes are in Print, which ſhews his Majeſty's Temper and Knowledge, to treat ſo long with a peeviſh Presbyter.

Only the King was rid of one troubleſome Gueſt Mr. Henderſon; who had been diſputed into ſo much Reaſon and Underſtanding, that being convinced by the King, he fell into ſome Diſtemper at Newcaſtle, and therefore was ſent home to Scotland, where he died perfectly reconciled to the King's Affairs, and an Apoſtate from the Scots Army and their Proceedings. Sanderſon's Hiſt. of K. Charles I. p. 904, 905, 921.

The King gives Earneſt of his ſincere Intentions of holding a perſonal Treaty with the Parliament of London, by ſending the following Warrant.

Having deſigned to comply with the Deſigns of our Parliament, in every thing that may be for the Good of our Subjects, and leave no Means unattempted for removing of Differences between us; therefore we have thought the more to evidence the Reality of our Intention of ſettling a happy Peace, to require you, upon Honourable Conditions, to quit the Towns, Caſtles, and Forts intruſted to you by us, and to disband all the Forces under your ſeveral Commands. Given at Newcaſtle the 10th of June, 1646.

To our Truſty and Well-beloved Sir Thomas Glenham, Sir Thomas Tisby, Colonel Waſhington, Colonel Blague, Governors of our Cities and Towns of Oxford, Worceſter, Litchfield, and Wallingford; and to all other Commanders of any other Towns, Caſtles, or Forts within the Kingdom of England, or Dominion of Wales.

The Scots now in ſome Jealouſy how mightily the King complies with his Parliament, and that they ſhould not be able, perhaps, to effect their Deſigns by Force, endeavour it by Fraud and Cunning, by inſinuating to the Parliament, that their Conſcience bears them Witneſs, of their conſtant Endeavours to preſerve the Union of both Kingdoms; yet never more than ſince the King's coming to their Army, by effecting ſuch Meſſages from his Majeſty as might be a ſure Ground of Peace to his People, and Happineſs to himſelf. And although we have not as yet prevailed over his Principles, deeply rooted in him, as to obtain the utmoſt of our Deſires, which we hope in a ſhort Time to effect; and we hope that accordingly the Parliament will be pleaſed to ſend their Propoſitions of Peace to him, upon whoſe Anſwer we ſhall clearly know how to proceed in the intendedPacification, and to ſatisfy the Parliament in disbanding our Armies, delivering up the Garriſons Poſſeſſed by us, and retiring home for the Good of both Kingdoms.

This was dated at Newcaſtle the 10th of June 1646, and ſigned by General Levens and all the Scotch Commiſſioners, and directed to the Parliament.

After many Alterations and Diſputes between the Scots and the Parliament relating to the King, it was at laſt agreed to deliver him up, upon their being paid 400,000 l. for their Arrears. Whereupon the two Houſes at Weſtminſter ſent, of the Lord [...] the Earl [...] of Pombroke and Donbigh, and Lord Montague; of the Commons, Sir John Holland, Sir Walter Earl, Sir James Harrington, Sir John Cook, Sir. John Crew, and Major-General Brown; together with ſome private Gentlemen, and two of their Chaplains, Mr. Marſhall and Mr. Caryl, to receive the King. Theſe arrived at Newcaſtle the 23d of January, and on Saturday, January the 30th (a Day of the King's Impriſonment, and Martyrdom two Years after) they ſet out from Newcaſtle, with the King, for Holmby Houſe in Northamptonſhire, where he arrived February the 16th. The ſame Day that the King left Newcaſtle, the Scots alſo departed from it, and marched into their own Country, paſſing over the Tweed on the 11th of February, after they had continued a little above three Years in the Kingdom of England. Echard.

A little after the King's coming to Newcaſtle, a Scotch Miniſter preached boldly before him; and when his Sermon was done, called for the 52d Pſalm, which begins,

Why doſt thou, Tyrant, boaſt thy ſelf,
Thy wicked Works to praiſe?

Whereupon his Majeſty ſtood up and called for the 56th Pſalm, which begins,

Have Mercy, Lord, on me, I pray,
For Men would me devour.

The People wa [...]ed the Miniſiter's Pſalm, and ſung that which the King called for. Whitlock's's Memoirs, p. 234.

[235]
Feb. 1. the Scotch Army marched towards Scotland, well ſatiſfied with the Produce of their long Stay in England, and not diſpleaſed with the Money paid by the Parliament for delivering the King's Perſon to the Commiſſioners of Parliament.
1647.
Thomas Ledger.Robert Young.

Dec. 5. the King's Conceſſion voted ſatisfactory; whereupon the next Day many Members are impriſoned or ſecluded by the Army.

[237]
To the HIGH COURT of PARLIAMENT.
The Humble PETITION of the Mayor, Aldermen, Common-Council, and the Reſt of the Well-affected of the Town of Newcaſtle,
Humbly ſheweth,

THAT we cannot but deeply reſent what hath been preſented to you by the Well-affected in the Southern Parts, as concerning the preſent Treaty, that if, after all the Experience of the Miſchiefs which have happen'd unto us from former Treaties, of all God's wonderfully owning of you both formerly and of late, in Midſt of ſo many Oppoſitions from all Hands, and of all his gracious Appearings, the K. his Party you go on to treat, before full and exemplary Juſtice be done upon the great Incendiaries of the Kingdom, the Fomentors of, and Actors in the firſt and ſecond War, and the late bringing in of the Scots, We can expect nothing as the Iſſue thereof but the ſudden Deſolution of Parliament and Army, Deſolation of all the Well-affected, the involving the Nation in more Blood, Miſery, and Slavery then ever.

May it therfore pleaſe you, in this Conjuncture of Time, to hearken to your Petitioners, who have conſtantly adhered to you; and before you conclude this Treaty, to extend Importance and ſpeedy Juſtice upon the greateſt Offenders, wherein you cannot want the greateſt Aſſiſtance from God and from Man to ſtrengthen you in your Indeavours to ſettle this Kingdom in Peace and Right.

  • Thomas Ledger, Mayor.
  • Thomas Bonner.
  • John Richardſon.
  • William Dawſon.
  • Michael Bonner.
  • Richard Baker.
  • James Jackſon.
  • Richard Ward.
  • Robert Carr.
  • Robert Plimpton.
  • John Mowe.
  • Rob. Young, Alderman.
  • George Fenwicke.
  • George Dawſon.
  • George Blakiſton.
  • William Bonner.
  • Peter Bureill.
  • John Lodge.
  • George Beadnall.
  • T. Erington, Poſt-Maſtr.
  • Phineas Allan ſen.
  • Robert Dalton.
  • Robert Ogle.
  • Wiliam Thompſon.
  • James Turner.
  • Henry Rawling.
  • Samuel Rawling.
  • Richard Readhead.
  • Thomas Smith.
  • John Pigg.
  • Cuthbert Nicholſon.
  • Cuthbert Wilſon.
  • Thomas Betſon.
  • Thomas Traemble.
  • Thomas Foſter.
  • Edward Reed, Brewer.
  • Timothy Bonner.
  • Francis Hall.
  • Thomas Young.
  • Thomas [...].
  • George Carr.
  • Peter Taylor.
  • John Watſon.
  • Edward Kirton.
  • George Uſher.
  • Henry Bell.
  • John Spurr.
  • Thomas Mallard.
  • John Hall jun.
  • Henry Hawkſworth.
  • Phineas Allan jun.
  • Anthony Robinſon.
  • Robert Blaigden.
  • Thomas Wilſon.
  • Robert Carr.
  • Henry Bowet.
  • William Wilkinſon.
  • William Armſtrong.
  • Robert Sharp.
  • Henry Heighley.
  • [...].
  • Samuel Powell.
  • Henry Barker.
  • Richard March.
  • John Tailor.
  • Peter Story.
  • Edward Stockdale.
  • James Chantler:
  • Humphry Flint.
  • Francis Tarnis.
  • Richard Binfeild.
  • Richard Knowells.
  • John Readhead.
  • John Bird.
  • George Penckerton.
  • Thomas Tailor.
  • Chriſtopher Greetham.
  • John Whitfield.
  • William Thompſon.
  • John Hall ſen.
  • Ralph Dining.
  • George Ayre.
  • James Smith.
  • Chriſtopher Elliſon.
A Second PETITION.

THE Mayor, Aldermen, and Commonalty of this Town, did moſt freely and unanimouſly joyne in a Petition to the Houſe of Commons, for ſpeedy and impartial Juſtice upon the great Incendiaries betwixt theſe two Kingdoms, and the chief Promoters of this Election, who have already confeſs'd themſelves guilty of all the Blood which hath been ſhed by this unnatural Warr, who have been twice conquered by Us, and this we ground upon our Solemn League and Covenant, to which we have always adhered, and by which all Delinquents ought to be brought to condign Puniſhment, without Exception; though our Treaties have, upon what Grounds wee know not, nor are not yet ſatisfyed, admitted of a Perſonal Treaty with the Cheife of Them, as if, after twice conquered, he or his Party was ſenſible thereof, and of whom, as wee yet hear of, any Conviction of Conſcience or Judgment, but only for an Opportunity to cut the Throats of Us and all others, that have ingaged againſt them in this Nation; and being ſo unhappy that wee could not by any Means obtain their Judgment thereof, or Intentions thereupon, it hath added many ſad Fears and Thoughts to our former Perplexities, and even aſtonſhed Us to conſider how our Bondage and Ruine is by this Treaty, ſince our Petition, ſo juſt, rational, and in Proſecution of our Covenant, and their own Proceedings, ſhould appear unworthy of the leaſt Reſpects or Conſideration; and therefore. Wee muſt ſtill endeavour to keep our firſt Integrity without Spott and Blemiſh, for if wee would never bow the Knee to Baal at the King's Command, wee will never do it at the Parliament's; and if they act againſt the Truth repoſed in them by the People, the People are bound in Conſcience and Duty to act againſt them, Salus Populi being Suprema Lex. The Lord direct Us for his Glory, and the Good of the poor Commons of England, who are like to be bought and ſold, becauſe they are ignorant of their own Freedom and Birth-right, which they are willing to ſell for a Meaſe of Pottage, ſo they may injoy a ſlaviſh Peace, though it hath coſt much precious Blood in the Time of their Proſecution of this unnatural War for the Preſervation of them.

[236]
1648.
Thomas Bonner.Ralph Jenniſon.
An' Chriſti.Mayors.Sheriffs.
1649.William Dawſon.Samuel Rawling.
The Statute Ao 35 Eliz. againſt Sectaries repealed, whereby that Inundation of Hereſies overſpread the Nation at this Time, altho' the Cauſers of the Rebellion complained before heavily thereof in Gangraena. Gromwell made General, marched toward Scotland.
Cromwell with his Army arrived at Berwick June the 21ſt, and on September the 3d defeated the Scots Army at Dunbar, with the Loſt of 3000 ſlain, and 9000 taken Priſoners: Of the laſt, he diſmiſſed the wounded, weak, and ſuch as were of no Value; the reſt were driven like Turkeys, to Newcaſtle, whereof Sir Arthur Haſlerig was Governor, where about 1600 of them were ſtarved, having nothing to eat but green, Cabbage Leaves, and Oats in a ſmall proportion: The ſtronger Perſons that ſubſiſted with this Diet were condemned to the Suga-Mills, and by the Engliſh Planters were tranſported to the Weſt-Indies. Echard.
1650.
George Dawſon.John Lodge.
At Durham Fair happened the following ſad Accident: Capt. Blet, an Officer of the Garriſon of Newcaſtle, going to buy ſome Sheep there, ſome Words paſſed between a Countryman of 60 Years of Age and him, whom the Captain ſtruck with his Cane, and the Countryman having a Batt or Staff in his Hand, therewith gave him a Stroke on his Head, that he preſently after died. Perfect Diurnal, No 78. p 1083.
1651.
Thomas Bonner.Peter Sanderſon.
1652.
  • Henry Dawſon.
  • George Dawſon.
John Butler.

April the 20th the Rump Parliament turned out by the Army, after ſitting twelve Years, ſix Months, and ſeventeen Days, and July the 30th the little Convention began, which merited the Name of Barbones Parliament, which paſſed the Godly Act for marrying by Juſtices of the Place.

NEW CASTLE Addreſs to CROMWELL. For his HIGHNESS the LORD PROTECTOR.
May it pleaſe Your HIGHNESS,

MANY of the Precious Servants of God in theſe Nations, over which the Lord hath ſet your Highneſs, have gotten upon their Watch-Tower, to ſee if they can diſcover what has been eminent in the Deſign of the Lord in the [...]e [...] Days; for the All wiſe [...]od hath of late viſibly been out of the common Road of Providence; his Paths hath been in Tempeſts and thick Darkneſſe, plucking up by the Roots the greateſt of Men and the higheſt of Powers like Cedars in Lebanon, that he might make Way for the glorious bringing forth of Truth and Righteouſneſs; and we queſtion not but the Lord is fulfilling that great Prophecy, Iſaiah lx. 17. I will make thy Officers Peace, and thy Exacters Righteoſneſs; for when wee conſider how the Lord hath eminently made your Highneſs inſtrumental for the breaking of the Iron Yoke from of the Neck of theſe three Nations, and likewiſe hath inveſted you with the ſupream Power of this Common-wealth, whereby you may be exceedingly inſtrumental to the Lord Jeſus, in the advancing of his Kingdom in Righteouſneſs and Peace: Wee having the Sence of theſe Things with W [...]ight upon our Spirits, have judged it our Duty to profeſſe our great Reſentment of this ſignal Mercy from the Hands of our God, and do ſolemnly bleſs the Lord for ſetting up your Highneſs over this great People, and ſhall indeavour, through the Strength of Chriſt, to live in all humble Obedience to your Highneſs, as becometh thoſe who are under your Government and Protection.

Signed in the Name, and by Order of the Common-Councell of Newcaſtle upon Tyne, WILLIAM JOHNSON, Mayor.
Feb. 25. 1653.
1653.
William Johnſon.Robert Johnſon.
1654.The ſame.John Rumney.
1655.Robert Shaftoe.Henry Thompſon.
1656.Henry Rawling.George Blakiſton.

Whitehall, April 27.

Alderman Fowke, and the two Sheriff's of London, repreſented to the Council, in the Name of the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen, that there are 300 Sail of Ships at Newcaſtle to take in Goals, but are hundred by ſome new Impoſitions by the Hoaſtmen there, ſo that the Price of Coals is raiſed, which unleſs ſome Care were taken, would be very prejudicial to the City of London, and eſpecially to the Poor; and making it their humble Requeſt that Courſe might be taken for a ſpeedy diſpatching of the Ships away with their Lading at the ſame Rates as they paid laſt Year, and ſome Time appointed to hear the Buſineſs touching thoſe new Impoſitions, they thereupon withdrew.

The Council, out of their Reſpect and Care of the Publick Good, having had the Buſineſs of the Stop of the Trade of Coats before under Conſideration, and a Report being brought in this Day concerning it by a Committe of the Connect, to whom the Matter had been reformed; it was thereupon order'd by his Highneſs the Lord Protector and the Council, that the ſaid Corporation of Hoaſtmen be required and enjoined to permit the Ships which trade to Newcaſtle for Coals, to lade Coals for ſix Months now next enſuing, or until the Matter upon Complaint be heard [239] and ſettled, at the like Rates, both for Coals and the Fare of Keels, as they did lade in April 1655, to the [...] the Commonwealth may be ſupplied.

And in order to the Determination of this Matter; the Parties concerned therein are to have as Hearing upon the 21ſt of May next, before a Committee of the Council.

And, in order to the further Encouragement and Preſervation of the Coal-Trade, and the conſtant Supply of this great City, and the Parts adjacent, with Coals, which is ſo neceſſary a Commodity for all Sorts of People, the Council have been pleaſed to appoint a Convoy for the ſecuring of Ships that go to and fro betwixt London and Newcaſtle. Publick Intelligencer, No 29. p. 493.

[238]
1657.George Dawſon.George Thursby.

This Year, Aug. 29. died at Eltham, Lieutenant Col. John Lilburn, and was two Days after brought to London and buried in the Quakers Yard. He was born at Biſhop-Weremouth in the County of Durham, a Perſon of ſo impetuous a Temper, as could never be kept within Bounds. In the Year 1638, by a juſt Sentence, he was whipt from the Fleett to Weſtminiſter, which afterward procured his Commiſſion in the Army, where his obſtinate Diſobedience was more conſpicuous, ſo as to become obnoxiuos to his Fellows: He was often indicted, and under Cromwell's Adminiſtration committed Priſoner to Dover Caſtle, where he became of a more came Hurmour than formerly, having put on the Garb of a Quaker; and declared himſelf, by Letters to his Friends, to be of the ſame Judgment with thoſe which have taken up that Way and Opinion. Publick Intelligencer.

1658.Mark Milbank.John Watſon.
1659.Thomas Bonner.James Biggs.
In this Year, after General Lambert had diſſolved the Long Parliament, and the Government was ſettled in what was called the Committee of Safety, moſt of them Officers of the Army, General Monk in Scotland having declared for the Parliament; Lambert was ſent againſt him with a much ſuperior Army, who made Newcaſtle the place of Rendezvous, where he ſtay'd above a Month, increaſing his Troops, and expecting Monk's March into England: But Portſmouth and the Fleet declaring for the Parliament, which was ſoon after reſtored, he marched Southward, when being deſerted by many of his Troops, and by the reſt confined, he was conveyed Priſoner to London; and ſent to the Tower. Echard. Rapin.
1660.John Emmerſon.William Blackett.

Soon after the meeting of the Parliament which reſtored King Charles II. Sir Arthur Haſlerigg came to General Monk, and deliver'd up his two Regiments, and the [...] of Do [...]wich, Newcaſtle, and Tinmouth, which were given him by the late Powers, on Condition to have his Life and Eſtate preſerved; which were generouſly aſſured to him. Echard.

This Year Dr. John Coſin, Dean of Peterborough, was conſecrated Biſhop of Durham, Dec. 2:

In the Year 1644. William Robſon, Pariſh Clerk of All-Saints; was Oct. 20. put out of his Office by the Rebels, and was this Year reſtored by his Majeſty's Writ, July 28. being ejected for his Loyalty.

In the Spring this Year, all unknown Gentleman came to refitle at Winlaton, living very private, and daily more inquiſitive after News, and every Circumſtance of the Reſtoration; who upon: underſtanding the paſſing the Act of Indemnity, together with the Exception of the Murderers of the three King, went into an adjoining Wood and hanged himſelf.

1661.Sir John Marley.Thomas Jenniſon.
May. the 22d the Solemn League and Covenant was burnt in London and Weſtminſter, and afterwards all England over, which was before reſcinded by Parliament in Scotland.
1662.Sir Fran. Anderſon.Henry Brabant.
1663.Sir James Clavering.Robert Shaftoe.
This Mayor procured for Sir William Fenwick a Shoar a little below the Bill, which is called Wilcolme Key; it is built over Wallſend Deane. He has only left a Gate to convey away the Water, having built a Vault under the ſame, in which, if a few Stones decay, the Water will ſtop and overflow the whole Shoar. MS. Milbank.
1664.Sir Francis Liddell.Francis Liddell.
1665.Henry Maddiſon.William Carr.

Part of a Letter from Tho. Naylor, Vicar of Newcaſtle, to the Archidams of Northumberland.

AT my coming to Newcaſtle, I ſent for George Headhall, and acquainted him with the Contents of your Lotter; I let him know that you had ſpared no Pains, either by Tongue or Pen, whereby he might be convinced of him Error, and informed in the Truth, in Relmion to his preſent Caſe. I alſo gave him Notice, that you had decreed a Commiſſion to me to abſolve him upon a [...]ratory Caution. To this he anſwered, that ſuch a Caution was all could be required of him in caſe he were impriſoned upon a Writ de [...]xwinmieni [...]ir [...] inpiendo. I replied to him, that it were eaſier for him now to perform that Condition, [240] than if the Law made further Proceſs againſt him. He concluded, he will come and wait on my Lord Biſhop in Whitſon-Week, and if you will be in Dureſme, he will ſpeak to you about the Buſineſs of his Abſolution. Thus doth he ſhift off the Buſineſs from Time to Time, to gain Time; and from Perſon to Perſon, thinking, as I conceive, to ſlip away from them all.

[239]
An' Chriſti.Mayors.Sheriffs.
1666.William Blackett.Timothy Daviſon.
1667.Henry Brabant.Ralph Grey.
1668.Ralph Jenniſon.Robert Jenniſon.

A Letter of the Vicar of Newcaſtle to Dr. Baſire, Archdeacon of Northumberland.

AT my coming home, I received a Letter from my Lord of Durham, wherein he was pleaſed to give me the Honour as to intimate unto me the Concerns of his Majeſty's Letter to our Magiſtrates, much concurrent with the Intelligence you received from Court, and deſired me to preſs Mr. Mayor, Sir James Clavering, and Sir Fracis Anderſon, with this neceſſary Duty of ſuppreſſing theſe illegal, riotous, ſchiſmatical, and, as near as may be conjectured, ſeditious Aſſemblies: And this to be done with the Concurrence of the reſt of the Miniſters. I have had little Time ſince my coming; but Mr. Shaw, who is inſtar omnium, is come to Town, and in Health, and he will ſecond me; upon Monday we purpoſe to prepare our ſelves, that we may diſcourſe the Matter with Mr. Mayor and the reſt of our Magiſtrates.

This for the Account of our Zeal to ſuppreſs thoſe Caterpillars, and our Obedience to my Lord's Commands. Now for Matter of Fact, I know not of any thing as yet done; it is publickly known that a Letter is come from the King about them: The Magiſtrates, I hear, have been conſulting about it; what the Reſult is, I know not; their Actings will diſcover their Counſels, I hope well of them: But if I had been a Magiſtrate, and none had been wiſer than I, they ſhould have been ſecured before this Time. I ſhall from Time to Time give you an Account what I ſee or know to be done in this grand Affair; in the mean time, beg your Acceptance of theſe Lines, from him who is,

Reverend SIR,
Your moſt Affectionate, though Moſt Unworthy Servant, T. NAYLOR.

A Letter from the Mayor and Five Aldermen of Newcaſtle to the Biſhop of Durham.

My LORD,

WE received your Lordſhip's Letter, with his Majeſty's Royal Letter incloſed, in which his Majeſty takes Notice that there are numerous Conventicles held in this Town: My Lord, we are ſorry that there is any Cauſe of Complaint upon this Occaſion; we have this to anſwer for our ſelves, that we have put the Laws againſt Conventicles in Execution, ſo for as we had any Information, and have convicted ſeveral Perſons upon the late Act againſt Conventicles, and taken Care to prevent theſe Meetings under Pretence of Worſhip, by employing the Church-Wardens to give Information, in Caſe they could diſcover any. We do take the late Statute againſt Conventicles to be in Force, and ſhall be always ready to proceed to puniſh Offenders againſt it; and if any Offenders have not been puniſhed, it was for Want of Evidence to convict them; and if thoſe Perſons that informed your Lordſhip would have been pleaſed to have acquainted us, we would have taken away all Cauſe of Complaint,

We deſire your Lordſhip would pleaſe to take Care of the Incloſed, and acquaint the King with our Proceedings herein: We ſhould not have been ſo bold with your Lordſhip, to have given your Lordſhip ſo much Trouble, but that we were encouraged to it by your Lordſhip's Letter. My Lord, we crave your Lordſhip's Pardon for this Trouble, and ſhall remain

Your LORDSHIP'S Humble Servants,
  • RA. JENNISON, Mayor.
  • JAMES CLAVERING,
  • J. EMMERSON.
  • ROBERT SHAFTOE,
  • WILL. BLACKETT.
  • MAR. MILBANKE.
Mr. MAYOR, And the Aldermen of Newcaſtle,

I Have received your Letter of the 15th Inſtant, together with the Incloſed, which I delivered to Mr. Secretary. Sir John Trever, who read it to me, and hath acquainted his Majeſty with it.

I am glad to find by both theſe your Letters, that you declare your Readineſs to put the Laws in Execution againſt Conventicles, and unlawful Aſſemblies, for pretended religious Worſhip in that Town, whereinto both you and my ſelf are in this Caſe intruſted to have a particular and diligent Inſpection. But on the other Side, I am ſorry to hear from you, that you have had neither any Information, nor any Evidence given you againſt ſuch unlawful Aſſemblies in your Town, when the Notoriety of the Fact, by their numerous Meeting at your Barber-Chirurgeon's Hall upon All-Saints Day laſt, being Sunday the 1ſt of November, was ſuch, that it was voic'd and made known to all the Town and Country about; Notice being alſo taken what ſpecial Pſalm, or New Rejoicing Song, they then choſe and applied to themſelves, as Holy Saints, of Bearing a double-edged Sword in their Hands to bind kings in Chains and Lords in Iron Bands: of which notorious and unlawful Meeting both my ſelf and divers others here at this Diſtance were ſhortly [241] after informed; and I took the beſt Care I could thereupon to have an Addreſs made unto you, Mr. Mayor, by a ſpecial Perſon under my Epiſcopal Juriſdiction, to deſire you that you would not ſuffer any ſuch ſcandalous and offenſive Meetings to be, held among you, contrary to the known Laws of this Church and Realm of England, and greatly endangering the Publick Peace thereof: And this I did before I acquainted his Majeſty or his Principal Secretaries with it; neither was there any Letter ſent to you and the Aldermen from his Majeſty concerning this Matter, before a ſecond Information came both to my ſelf, and Mr. Brabant, one of your own Society, of another numerous and unlawful Meeting at one of the Ringleader's Houſes, upon the 25th of November, wherein they appointed and kept a Faſt, with Preaching and Praying, which they held out from Eight a Clock in the Morning till Four in the Evening, the Work being held forth by their four chief Leaders and Abettors, Mr. Gilpine, Mr. Durant, Mr. Leaver, and Mr. Pringle. Of all which ſurely you had or might have had Knowledge; and if you had not, you will give me Leave to ſay, without Offence, that many of your Townſmen are very backward in diſcovering to you and arreſting their Knowledge of ſuch diſorderly Aſſemblies, and that you are very great Strangers to the Affairs and Diſturbances of your own Town, the Government whereof, under his Majeſty, is committed to your Care.

It is well taken that, as you write, you have proceeded and convicted ſeveral of theſe diſobedient Perſons already, and that you will take Care to prevent their Meetings againſt Law for Time to come; which good Reſolution being obſerved by you, will highly pleaſe his Majeſty, and expreſs the Duty that we owe to his Laws, and the good Government of this Realm: Otherwiſe, if we any ways neglect to do herein what belongs to us, we ſhall deſervedly ſuffer the Blame of it, and incur the King's Diſpleaſure, which always moſt carefully to avoid, is the bounden Duty both of you and my ſelf, who am,

Mr. MAYOR, &c.
Your moſt Affectionate Biſhop, and Humble Servant, JO. DURESME.
[240]
An' Chriſti.Mayors.Sheriffs.
1669.Thomas Daviſon.John Rogers.
Mr. MAYOR, and the reſt of the Corporation of Newcaſtle,

PUblick Peace being the Life of the Kingdom, and Execution the Life of the Laws, it has been my Endeavour to procure and preſerve both, as in my Dioceſe in general, ſo in your Corporation in particular, being one of the moſt conſiderable Towns under my Epiſcopal Charge; witneſs my frequent Letters to you in order to thoſe good Ends. I ſhould have been right glad to have ſeen, and would as gladly to your Advantage have reported the good Effects, as I am heartily ſorry to hear ſtill the contrary, which cannot be otherwiſe as long as the Ringleaders of the Factious are ſuffered to walk at Liberty, ſo expreſly contrary to the Act 17 Carol. 11. which lies before you, to which the King's late Proclamation ought to have given freſh Vigour. I would fain vindicate the Town of Newcaſtle from the foul Imputation of being the Nurſery of Faction in theſe Northern Parts; which as Things now ſtand I cannot do, but rather muſt, and according to my Duty will, report the contrary to the King, and his Council, and then any one may eaſily foreſee the evil Conſequences. Out of my ſpecial Reſpect to your Town and Corporation, I forbear ſtill, in Expectation of a ſpeedy Account that both the Act of Parliament, and the King's Proclamation in this behalf, are really obey'd, that is, duly executed. If, as I hear, any of the Seducers pretend they have ſubſcribed and taken the Oath required by the Act 17 Car. II. I deſire you would ſpeedily ſend me their Certificates; mean while, I hope that you will make good Uſe of this my laſt Warning, tendered unto you, out of my tender Care of the Welfare of your Town. I commend you all to the Grace of God, and remain.

Your loving Paſtour and Servant, JO. DURESME.
Mr. MAYOR, &c.

SEeing that the Chappelry of St. Andrew's in the Town of Newcaſtle is now vacant, by the Death of Mr. Aſhburnham the late Curate there: Therefore, out of my Paſtoral Care for that Place, I do recommend to you, and to the reſt of your Corporation, Mr. Robert Bonner to ſupply that Cure; the rather becauſe born in your Town and formerly officiating in that Chappelry, and conſequently ſuppoſed to be both more acceptable and alſo profitable among you; and the more, becauſe unblameable both in Life and Doctrine; for the publick Good of you all, I ſhall not be unwilling to diſpenſe with his Reſidence at Harbourne, being aſſured that he will provide a ſufficient Curate and Preacher there, to whom he will give a good and competent Stipend for that Purpoſe. I doubt not of your Acceptance of this my Motion, in order to his Admiſſion at St. Andrew's by my Epiſcopal Authority; and whereas I was lately informed that Mr. Bonner had declined this Place at St. Andrew's, I have now ſince that Time certainly underſtood, that he is not only willing but deſirous to attend that Cure, and with all Diligence to beſtow his Care and Pains upon it; which Deſire of his being ſeconded by the other Miniſters of your Town, I hope you will the better regard it. Thus commending you to God's Protection, I remain,

GENTLEMEN,
Your loving Paſtour and Servant, JO. DURESME.
An' Chriſti.Mayors.Sheriffs.
1670.William Carr.
  • Richard Wright.
  • Robert Roddam.
Januar. 15. this Year died the learned Dr. John Coſin Lord Biſhop of Durham.
1671.
Ralph Grey.Matthew Jefferſon.
1672.Mark Milbank.Robert Mallibar.
1673.Timothy Daviſon.George Morton.
This Year Nathaniel Crew Lord Biſhop of Oxford was tranſlated to Durham.
1674.
Thomas Jenniſon.Henry Jenniſon.
1675.Sir Fr. Anderſon.William Chriſtian.

Mr. Willoughby the Biſhop's Leſſee, for one Moiety of the Tythes, did voluntarily, before Sequeſtration, pay 10 l. towards the Reparation of the Chancel, and the Sequeſtrators employed that 10 l. and ſuch Portion of the Tythes ſequeſter'd, amounting to the Value of 10 l. more, whereby the ſaid Chancel was ſoon repaired, as it has been duly ſince that Time.

[242]
An' ChriſtiMayors.Sheriffs.
1676.Sir Ralph Carr.Michael Blackett.
1677.Robert Roddam.Timothy Robſon.
1678.Matthew Jefferſon.Nicholas Fenwick.
1679.George Morton.William Aubone.

Upon May the 3d Dr. Sharp, Archbiſhop of St. Andrew's in Scotland, was aſſaſſinated in his Coach by twelve Ruſſians, in Conſequence of the Solemn League and Covenant; the ſame Month a Rebellion breaking out there, but ſuppreſſed the next Month.

1680.Sir Nath. Johnſon.Joſeph Bonner.
1681.Timothy Robſon.John Squire.
1682.Nicholas Fenwick.Nicholas Ridley.
1683.William Blackett.John Rumney.
1684.William Aubone.William Proctor.

James II. Feb. 6. died at Whitehall that excellent Prince King Charles the Second, and was ſucceeded by his Brother James, before Duke of York.

1685.Sir Henry Brabant.Ralph Elſtob.

The Rebellion this Year by the Earl of Argyle in Scotland, and the Duke of Monmouth in England, did no way incommode the Town of Newcaſtle, both being ſpeedily deſerted, taken Priſoners, and executed.

1686.Nicholas Cole.Thomas Paiſe.
1687.
  • John Squire.
  • Sir William Creah.
  • William Ramſay.
  • Samuel Gill.

In November, this Year, the Town of Newcaſtle received the Lord Lumley, and declared for the Prince of Orange and a Free Parliament. Echard.

At that Time a beautiful Statue of King James on Horſeback, erected upon a White Marble Baſis, before the Exchange in the Midſt of the Sand-Hill, was barbarouſly demoliſhed by the Mob, who dragged the Statue and its Horſe upon the Key, and turned them over the ſame into the River.

1688.
  • Will. Hutchinſon.
  • Nicholas Ridley.
  • Matthias Partis.
  • Matthew White.

K. William Q. Mary.

April 1. King William and Queen Mary were crowned. In July following was paſſed an Act of Parliament for erecting a Court of Conſcience in this Town. Complete Hiſtory of England, Vol. III. p. 532.

1689.
William Carr.William Fetherſtonhaugh.
1690.William Ramſey.Thomas Waſſe.
1691.Matthew White.Joſeph Atkinſon.
1692.Thomas Waſſe.Benjamin Daviſon.
1693.Sir Ralph Carr.George Whinfield.

Dec. 28. Queen Mary that excellent Princeſs departed this Life.

1694.
Joſeph Atkinſon.Robert Eden.

April 2. an Act for the better Admeaſurement of Keels and Keel-Boats in the Port of Newcaſtle, and the Members thereunto belonging, had the Royal Aſſent. Complete Hiſt. of England, Vol. III. p. 686.

1695.
Timothy Robſon.George Henderſon.
1696.George Whinfield.William Ramſey.
1697.Nicholas Fenwick.George Cuthbertſon.

July 5. was paſſed an Act for the better ſupplying the Town with freſh Water. Complete Hiſt of England, Vol. III. p. 752.

1698.
Sir W. Blackett Bar.Edward Harriſon.
1699.Robert Eden.Jonathan Hargrave.
1700.George Henderſon.John Bowes.
1701.William Ramſey.William Boutflower.
Q. Anne. March 8. the King died, and was ſucceeded by Queen Anne.
1702.William Carr.John Bell.
1703.Matthew White.Allan Bateman.
1704.Thomas Waſſe.
  • Matthew Matſen.
  • Jonathan Roddam.
1705.Sir Ralph Carr.William Elliſon.
1706.Nicholas Ridley.Matthew Fetherſtonhaugh.
1707.Joſeph Atkinſon.Henry Reay.
1708.Robert Fenwick.Edward Johnſon.
1709.
  • George Whinfield.
  • Jonathan Roddam.
Henry Dalſton.
1710.William Elliſon.Ralph Reed.
1711.M. FetherſtonhaughFrancis Rudſton.
1712.Henry Reay.Joſeph Green.
1713.Richard Ridley.Nicholas Fenwick.
1714.Edward Johnſon.Roger Matſen.

K. George I. The Queen died Aug. 1.

1715.Henry Dalſton.Nathaniel Clayton.

About the Middle of October a Party of Rebels got together at Alnwick in Northumberland; whereupon ſome Troops of Dragoons and Companies of Foot marched immediately to ſecure Newcaſtle, where the Remembrance of the Hardſhips impoſed upon that Place by the Scots during the Rebellion againſt King Charles I. armed the Inhabitants againſt every Inclination of admitting their Northern Neighbours, and their Gueſts, newly come out of Scotland. But afterwards, when theſe Dangers were overpaſt, upon the Arrival of ſome Swiſs Dragoons, who, ſeeing the Proſperity and Riches of the Inhabitants, had entertained ſtrong Reſolutions to plunder the Town, were generouſly prevented by the Engliſh Soldiers quartered there.

1716.Ralph Reed.Francis Johnſon.
1717.Francis Rudſton.John Kelly.
1718.Sir W. Blackett Bar.Thomas Stephenſon.
1719.Joſeph Green.Cuthbert Fenwick.
1720.Nicholas Fenwick.Jacob Rutter.
1721.Francis Johnſon.Stephen Coulſon.
This Year, Sept. 18. died Nathaniel Lord Crewe, Biſhop of Durham, and was ſucceeded by Dr. William Talbot, tranſlated from Salisbury.
1722.William Elliſon.Robert Sorsbie.
1723.M. FetherſtonhaughRichard Swinburne.
1724.William Carr.James Moncaſter.
1725.Nathaniel Clayton.Thomas Waſſe.
1726.Nicholas Fenwick.Joſeph Liddell.
1727.Cuthbert Fenwick.Robert Johnſon.

K. George II. The King died June 11.

1728.Stephen Coulſon.John Stephenſon.
1729.Henry Reay.Cuthbert Smith.
This Year, Oct. 10. died Dr. William Talbot, Biſhop of Durham, and was ſucceeded by Dr. Edward Chandler, tranſlated from Coventry and Lichfield.
1730.Francis Rudſton.William Harbottle.
1731.Robert Sorsbie.Challoner Cooper.
1732.Richard Ridley.William Fenwick.
1733.Matthew Ridley.John Simpſon.
1734.William Elliſon.Robert Elliſon.
1735.Walter Blackett.John Wilkinſon.

Appendix A APPENDIX.

[]

Appendix A.1 Add to Page 56, after the firſt Paragraph.

Appendix A.1.1 Carta Nicholai Epiſcopi Dunelm. facta Eccleſiae de Karliol. ſuper Eccleſiis in proprios Uſus retinendis.

OMNIBUS Sanctae Matris Eccleſiae Filiis ad quos praeſens Scriptum pervenerit Nicholaus Dei gratia, Dunelm. Epiſcopus ſalutem in Domino. Noverit Univerſitas veſtra quod Nos attendentes renuitatem ſeu paupertatem Poſſeſſionum Epiſcopatus & Eccleſiae Karliol. Eccleſias de talibus locis in proprios Uſus retinendas Fructibus & Proventibus earundem Eccleſiarum, aequalibus portionibus inter ipſos diſtribuendis ſalvis competentibus Vicariis, & ſuſtentatione honeſta Vicariorum, in praefatis Eccleſiis, quos Vicarios Nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris praeſentabunt per Nos & ſucceſſores noſtros inſtituendos; ſalvis etiam Nobis & ſucceſſoribus noſtris in perpetuum Jure, Auctoritate & Diguitate Epiſcopali in omnibus Eccleſiis antedictis: ſalvis etiam quadraginta Marcis annuis de Bonis earundem Eccleſiarum a dicto Venerabili Fratre Silveſtro Karliol. Epiſcopo cum Termino ſolvendis Dunelm. ad Scaccarium noſtrum quoad vixerit & poſt ejuſdem Epiſcopi Diſceſſum ſalvis quadraginta Libris Sterlingorum ab Epiſcopis Karliol. & dictis Priore & Conventu Karliol. & eorum ſucceſſoribus in perpetuum Termino antedicto ad Scaccarium Dunelm. perſolvendis de Bonis Eccleſiarum memoratarum.

Appendix A.1.2 Confirmatio Capituli Dunelm. ſuper Carta praedicta.

Omnibus Chriſti Fidelibus Bertramus Prior & Conventus Dunelm. Eccleſiae ſalutem in Domino Noveritis Nos inſpexiſſe Cartam Venerabilis Patris, Domini Nicholai Dunelm. Epiſcopi, cujus Tenor talis eſt. Omnibus S. Matris, &c. Nos igitur Apparationem ſeu Conteſſionem antedictam Eccleſiarum praefato Epiſcopo Karliol. & ſucceſſoribus ſuis, ac Priori & Capitulo Karliol. factam, prout Canonice facta eſt. ratam habentes Ipſam Munimine Sigilli Capituli noſtri confirmamus ſeptimo die Auguſti, Anno Domini 1246.

Appendix A.1.3 Carta Hugonis Epiſcopi Dunelm. Priori & Conventui Karliol. de omnibus Eccleſiis quas tenent in Dioceſ. Dunelm.

HUGO Dei gratia Dunelm. Epiſcopus Omnibus Sanctae Matris Eccleſiae Filiis ad quos Literae iſtae pervenerint ſalutem. Noverit Univerſitas veſtra Nos in Anno Incarnationis Domini Milleſimo, Centeſimo, Nonageſimo tertio pridie ante Cathedram S. Petri de communi Conſilio Perſonarum & Eccleſiae Noſtrae conceſſiſſe, & praeſenti Carta noſtra confirmaſſe dilectis Filiis noſtris Johanni Priori & Conventui B. Mariae Karleol. omnes Eccleſias quas in Epiſcopatu noſtro tenent & habent, ut viventibus Perſonis, quae tunc Eas tenebant, ab Eis annuatim Penſiones ſolitas percipiant, ſcil. de Eccleſia de Novo Caſtello ſuper Tynam 26 Marcas. De Eccleſia de Neuburn 12 Marcas. De Eccleſia de Werkeworth 25 Marcas. De Eccleſia de Routhebery 9 Marcas. De Eccleſia de Whittincham 9 Marcas. De Eccleſia de Corbrig. Medietatem tam Terrae quam Decimarum, & omnium aliarum Obventionum. Et Petrus de Ros Karliol. Archidiaconus, quem ad Eorum Praeſentationem in alia Medietate Perſonam inſtituimus aliam Medietatem in omnibus teneat, reddendo inde dictis Priori & Canonicis annuatim unam Libram Incenſi ad Aſſumptionem B. Mariae apud Karleolum. Et Ipſi pariter ſupportabunt Onus deſerviendi Eccleſiae per honeſtos Vicarios, & reddendi Synodalia & Hoſpitia Archidiacono inveniendi. Praedictis autem Perſonis ab hac luce migrantibus Ipſi vacantes Eccleſias in propria manu ſua retineant & habeant, & earum Fructus & Exitus in proprios Uſus ſuos ad libitum ſuum convertant, & in ſingulis honeſtos Vicarios, ſicut aliae Perſonae faciunt, ponant, qui Eccleſiis honeſte deſerviant & Curam Animarum habeant. Ipſi vero tanquam Perſonae Archidiacono & aliis Officialibus noſtris, de his, quae ad Ipſos pertinent, reſpondebunt & ſatisfaciant: Verumtamen de Hoſpitiis noſtris & communibus Auxiliis quieti crunt: Ipſi vero pro tam gratuita Benignitate noſtra quam Eis impendimus, in Recompenſationem Hoſpitiorum noſtrorum & Auxiliorum Nobis & Succeſſoribus noſtris annuatim in perpetuum quadraginta Marcas viginti ſcil, ad Pentecoſt, & viginti ad Feſtum S. Martini perſolvent; ſed de decem quicti erunt, donec aliqua praedictarum Eccleſiarum in Eorum Proprietatem deveniat. His Teſtibus Bertramo Priore Dunelm, Burchardo & Willielmo Archidiaconis, Symone Camerario, Magro. Ricardo de Coldingham, Magro. Willo. Bleſenſi, Willo. de Hoveden, Magro, Rob. de Adington, Symone, Johanne, & Ricardo Capollanis, Nicholao Medico, Rob. de Ellewych, Rob. de Hedon, Rob. de Dunelm. Magro. Will. Elemoſinario, Adam. Ricardo, Hagrun, & Will. de Norham Clericis, & multis aliis.

Appendix A.1.4 Obligatio Epiſcopi & Prioris Karliol. de Indemnitate Confirmationis Eccleſiarum Eorundent in proprios Uſus.

OMnibus hoc Scriptum viſuris vel audituris Silveſter Dei gratia Karliol. Epiſcopus, & Robertus Prior & Conventus Karliol. ſalutem in Domino. Ne proceſſu temporis Priori & Capitulo Dunelm. Eccleſiae poſſit aliquo Eventu diſpendium provenire per hoc quod Ratihabitionem, quam ratificavit Dominus Ricardus Dei gratia Dunelm. Epiſcopus ſuper Eccleſiis de Novo Caſtro, Newburne, de Workworth, de Corbrigg, & medietate Eccleſiae de Wytingham Nobis & Succeſſoribus noſtris in proprios Uſus ſecundum Ordinationem Magiſtrorum Wilhelmi de Kylkenny Archidiaconi Coventrenſ. Thomae de Wymundham Precentoris Lichſeldenſ. Odinis [] de Kylkenny, & Walteri de Merton Clericorum liberaliter confirmarunt, praeſenti Scripti Nos & ſucceſſores noſtros & Eccleſiam Karliol. in perpetuum obligamus, quod conſervabimus Indemnes in omnibus & per omnia praefatos Priorem & Conventum Dunelm. quoad hoc: In cujus Rei Teſtimonium praeſenti Scripto Sigilla noſtra fecimus apponi. Datum 22 die Octobris Ao Dni 1248.

Appendix A.2 Add to Page 73.

I ſuppoſe Thomas Harelred died the ninth of King Henry VII. having ſo good a Voucher as the following Record, enrolled in the Chancery Rolls at Durham during the Vacation of that See after the Death of John Sherwood, and before the ſucceeding Biſhop, Richard Fox, was inthroned Biſhop there, altho' nominated.

Appendix A.2.1 An Enrollment of an Arbitrement between Humfrey Lyſle, Eſq and the Vicar of Newcaſtle upon Tyne.

MEMORAND. Quod Umfridus Lyſle Arm. viceſimo die Martii Anno Regni Regis Henrici ſeptimi nono, ſede Epiſcopali Dunelm. vacante, coram ipſo Domino Rege in Cancellaria ſua Dunelm. coram Magiſtro Radulpho Both Clerico Cancellario dicti Domini Regis, ſede vacante, venit & Cognovit Scriptum ſubſequens, & omnia contenta in eodem eſſe Factum ſuum, & petiit ut irrotularetur in Rotulis Cancellariae Dunelm. in forma ſequente.

Memorand. That in the Preſence of Rauff Bothe, Chaunceller of Durham, it is agreid betwene Umfray Lyſle on that oon Partye, and John Deye Doctor Theologia, and Vicare of Newcaſtell upon Tyne on that other Partye; that the ſaid Umfray ſhall leve of his Handes, and not to meale with the Chirch or Chapyll of Sowth Gosford [...] duyted therunto belonging, nor put in noe Preſte to miniſtre the Sacrament nor Sacraments, nor magnteyn no ſuch to be, nor magnteyn noon othir manner of Man to recyve eny maner of duyte to the ſaid Chirch or Chappell belonging, but peasbley ſufre the ſaid Vicare an his Deutyes, Miniſters, Officers, Tenaunts, and Servaunts, to occupye, receve, and enjoye all maner of Rightys there, and if Nede be to ſuye for the ſame without Let or Perturbance of the ſaid Umfray or eny in his Name, or eny other Wrong doyng by him or eny of his, till the reverent Fadre in God Richard nowe Byſsſhop of Bathe determyn or decree the contrary, and there of make Notice to the ſaid Chaunceller; and thus truly to performe the ſaid Umfray feithfully promitteth on his Fayth and Honeſte all: Alſo the ſaid Umfray byndeth hym to my ſaid Lord of Bathe, that he ſhall kepe and bere the Kyng's Paſſe ayenſte the ſaid Vicare, his Servaunts, Deutyes, Tenaunts, and all his Officers ther apon peyn of C. Marcs? And alſo of brekyng of his Faith, nether by hym ſelf nor by the procuryng or ſtirring of eny other as farr as he may let. And to this kepyng of Peaſſe Sir Rauff Bowes the Shirreff of the Byſshopprick is bounden to the ſaid Chaunceller in the of C. Marcs, and that thies Premiſſez ſhall be keped ether of the Parties haf ſubſcribled this with theire Signe Manuale, and deliver'd this for theire Dede to remayne for a Recorde, and to be enrowled by the ſaid Chaunceller as Mat [...]r of Records in the Chau [...] of Durham. Writyn at Durham in the Feſt of Seynt Cuthbert in Marche the 9th Yere of the Reigne of Kyng Henry the 7th. 1494.

UMFRAY LEYLL, R. CHAMBRE, in the Name and for Sir RAUFF BOWES.

Appendix A.3 Add to Page 139.
Confirmatio Ordinationis Hoſpitalis de Walknoll, infra Villam Novi Caſtri.

UNiverſis Sanctae Matris Eccleſiae Filiis ad quos praeſentes Literae pervenerint Thomas Permiſſione Divina Dunelm. Epiſcopus, ſalutem in Eo quem peperit Uterus Virginalis. Univerſitati veſtrae innoteſcimus per praeſentes quod quandam Cartam Quatripartitam Willielmi de Acketon Burgenſis Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam noſtrae Dioceſ. ſuper Ordinatione cujuſdam Hoſpitalis Ordinis Sanctae Trinitatis ſuper le Walknoll infra dictam Villam Novi Caſtri per ipſum factam, Sigillo ejuſdem Willielmi; ac Sigillo communi dictae Villae Novi Caſtri Sigillatam, ſanam, & integram, ac omni ſuſpicionis vitio carentem recepimus & inſpeximus in haec Verba.

In Nomine Sanctae & Individuae Trinitatis, Patris & Filii & Spiritus Sancti, per hanc Cartam quatripartitam pateat Univerſis quod Ego Willielmus de Acketon Burgenſ. Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam Dunelm. Dioceſ. inter Opera Pietatis Deo grata reputans & acceptum, per Augmentum Cultus Divini & Pietatis, praecipue Miniſterio Sacerdotum, & per Exhibitionem ſuſtentationis Pauperum, Infirmorum, & Clericorum Terrena & Tranſitoria in Aeterna & Coeleſtia felici commercio commutare, Auctoritate & Conſenſu Venerabilis Patris Domini Thomae Dunelm. Epiſcopi, Loci Dioceſani, & ſui Capituli Eccleſiae Cathedralis Dunelm. dedi, conceſſi, & hac praeſenti Carta mea quatripartita conſirmavi, Intuitu Caritatis, & pro Salubri Statu dicti Venerabilis Patris, & Sereniſſimi Principis, Domini Edvardi Dei gratia Regis Angliae & Franciae illuſtris, Progenitorum & Haeredum ſuorum, pro ſalute Corporum & Animarum, Mei, Mariae Uxoris meae, Roberti de Oggell, Willielmi del Strother, & Roberti de Angerton, & pro ſalute Animarum Willielmi de Thorald, Dioniſiae Uxoris ſuae, Willielmi de Acketon Patris mei, Iſoldae Uxoris ſuae Matris meae, Johannis, Thomae, Walteri, Edae, Adae, Edmundi, Willielmi, Petri, & omnium Anteceſſorum, Benefactorum, Amicorum meorum & ſucceſſorum eorum, & omnium Fidelium defunctorum, Licentia dicti Domini Regis ſuper hoc conceſſa & optenta, Deo & Sanctae Trinitati, quae eſt Pater & Filius & Spiritus Sanctus, & hi tres Unum ſunt, & Willielmo de Wackefeld Fratri Ordinis Sanctae Trinitatis & Confratribus dicti Ordinis, Pauperibus, & Inſicmis, ſive Clericis, totam illam Terram vocaram le Walknoll in praedicta Villa Novi Caſtri cum ſuis Pertinentiis, ſuper quam Terram edificavi unum Hoſpitale in Honore Sanctae Trinitatis, pro Inhabitatione unius Cuſtodis perpetui. Confratrum Pauperum, Infirmorum, & Clericorum, qui in eodem Hoſpitali moranbuntur, & ſucceſſorum ſuorum, in perpetuum dedi & conceſſi Deo & ſanctae Trinitati, ac praedictis Fratri Willielmo de Wackefeld, Confratribus, Pauperibus, Infirmis, & Clericis ſupradictis in dicto Hoſpitali morantibus, & in perpetuum moraturis, in puram & perpetuam Elemoſinam, & ſuſtentationem Eorundem & ſucceſſorum ſuorum, unum Meſſuagium cum Pertinentiis ſuis quod quondam fuit Hugonis de Haldenby, ſicut jacet per ſuas rectas & antiquas Diviſas in praedicta Villa Novi Caſtri, inter Tenementum in quo Robertus de Norrays inhabitat ex parte una & Venellum in quo Johannes Graper inhabitat ex parte altera. Dedi etiam & conceſſi [] Deo & ſanctae Trinitati & praedicto Willielmo de Wackefeld, Confratribus, Pauperibus, Infirmis, ſive Clericis ſupradictis duo Celaria in anteriore parte Meſſuagii in quo Robertus Elward inhabitat, ſicut jacent in longitudine inter Terram Thomae de Kelſon ex una parte ex oppoſito del Calecroſs ejuſdem Villae, & Venellum Johannis Abell ex altera, & extendit ſe in latitudine a Via Regia uſque ad Celarium dicti Roberti dicti Meſſuagii, excepto Introitu dicti Roberti. Dedi etiam & conceſſi Deo & ſanctae Trinitati, & praedicto Willielmo de Wakeſeld, Confratribus, Pauperibus, Infirmis, ſive Clericis ſupradictis unam Placeam Terrae cum ſuis Pertinentiis jacentem in Villa praedicta Novi Caſtri, ſicut jacet per ſuas rectas & antiquas Diviſas, in latitudine inter Terram Johannis de Stanhoppe ex parte una, & Terram quondam Thomae Milſon ex parte altera, & extendit ſe in longitudine a Via juxta Murum, Domini Regis uſque ad Gardinum meum de tentorio. Conceſſi etiam Deo & ſanctae Trinitati & praedicto Willielmo de Wackeſelde, Confratribus, Pauperibus, ſive Clericis ſupradictis unum Annum Redditum Triginta & trium Solidorum & quatuor Denariorum exeuntem de quodam Tenemento meo in Villa praedicta Novi Caſtri juxta Lorteburne, quod Adam Market quondam tenuit. Conceſſi etiam Deo & Sanctae Trinitati, & Willielmo de Wackefeld, Confratribus, Pauperibus, & Clericis ſupradictis unum Annuum Redditum Triginta & ſex ſolidorum & octo Denariorum exeuntem de toto Tenemento meo in Villa praedicta juxta Lorteburne, quod Alicia de Brandon quondam tenuit, quae quidem Tenementa jacent inter Terram David de Rodam ex parte Boriali & Tenementum Roberti de Angerton ex parte Auſtrali. Conceſſi etiam Deo & ſanctae Trinitati, & Willielmo de Wackefelde, Confratribus, Pauperibus, & Clericis ſupradictis, unum annuum Redditum Quinquaginta & ſeptem ſolidorum & quatuor Denariorum exeuntem de toto illo Tenemento quod Robertus Elward de Me tenet in Villa praedicta in Vico vocato le Flesſhewer Rawe, ſicut jacet inter Terram Thomae de Kelſon ex parte una, & Terram Johannis Abell ex altera. Conceſſi etiam Deo, & ſanctae Trinitati, & Willielmo de Wakefeld, Confratribus, Pauperibus, & Clericis ſupradictis unum annuum Redditum decem ſolidorum exeuntem de Tenemento Thomae de Kelſon ex oppoſito le Calecroſſe in Villa praedicta in puram & perpetuam Elemoſinam, ad inveniend. & ſuſtinendtres Fratres Capellanos dicti Ordinis vel aptos Ordinibus, ita quod ſint infra duos annos Capellani Canonice ordinati: Quorum Unus ſit Cuſtos perpetuus dicti Hoſpitalis tres Pauperes & Infirmos, tres Clericos ſcolatizantes & addiſcentes in dicto Hoſpitali moraturi & in Capella dicti Hoſpitalis inſtructuri. Ut Cuſtos & Confratres ſui praedicti, Capellani, Pauperes, & Clerici ſupradicti, in dicto Hoſpitali, & infra Manſum ejuſdem Hoſpitalis habitabunt, & de Bonis communibus dicti Hoſpitalis in Eſculentis, & Potulentis, & Lectis, ſuſtentationem ſuam percipiant & habebunt, ſecundum Poſſe dicti Hoſpitalis, ac tres Lectos competentes pro Hoſpitibus ibidem accedentes habebunt & invenient paratos. Volo etiam & diſpono, quod praedicti Cuſtos & Confratres ſingulis diebus Horas ſuas Canonicas in Capella dicti Hoſpitalis dicant vel pſallent tempore competent, & ceſſante Impedimento, ſingulis diebus Miſſas ſuas celebrent ſive dicant in Capella dicti Hoſpitalis, prout ad Commoditatem Peregrinorum & aliorum Extraneorum ad dictam Villam accedentium & ab eadem redeuntium melius videbitur expedire. Dictique Pauperes, Infirmi, ſive Clerici Orationes & Preces ſuas faciant pro ſalubri ſtatu Viventium, & pro ſalubri ſtatu Corporum & Animarum Praedictorum: Ita viz. quod Eorum quilibet dicat ſingulis diebus Viginti Pater Noſter & totidem Ave, vice & Horae nomine matu [...]i [...]inalis, or vice & Horae nomino primae quinque Pater Noſter & Ave, & pro ſingulis horis diei totidem, viz. tertiae, ſextae, nonae, Veſperarum, & Completorii: & quod praedicti Clerici in omnibus Feſtis duplicibus per totum Annum & in Vigiliis Eorundem, in Capella dicti Hoſpitalis miniſtrent & deſervient, & ad Iſta facienda & complenda onerentur ſinguli, Cuſtos, Sacerdotes, Pauperes, Infirmi, ſive Clerici, in periculum Animarum eorundem. Dicti Cuſtos, Fratres, Pauperes, Infirmi, ſive Clerici, qui pro tempore fuerint, ſingulis diebus in Noctis Crepuſculo, in Capella dicti Hoſpitalis ſimul conveniant, & facta Pulſatione aliquali, ut eſt moris Antiphoniam de Glorioſa Virgine Maria, ſcil. ſalve Regina, vel aliam Antiphoniam, de Domina decantent devotius qua poterunt alta voce, & quali ſexta Feria, vel ſemel in qualibet hebdomade dicant ſive pſallent dicti Cuſtos & Confratres, qui pro tempore fuerint, Placebo, & Dirige pro Perſonis & Animabus ſupradictis, quorum Nomina in dicta Capella ſpecialiter recitantur, ut ſic dicti Cuſtos & Confratres ad ſanctam Regulam & Diſciplinam dicti Ordinis ſimul viventes, ac dicti Pauperes, Infirmi, & Clerici ibidem pacificae & modeſtae Converſationis, ſalubrius Orationibus & Praecibus vacare, & Domino valeant deſervire. Volo inſuper & diſpono, quod omnes Redditus, Tenementa, Meſſuagia, Celaria, & Placeae ſupradictae ad Uſum & Suſtentationem dictorum Cuſtodis, Fratrum, Pauperum, Infirmorum, & Clericorum, & Succeſſorum ſuorum in dicto Hoſpitali commorantium integraliter & inviolabiliter conſerventur, & in nullos alios Uſus quomodolibet convertantur: Ad quorum conſervationem & fidelem Cuſtodiam quilibet Cuſtos ad Regimen dicti Hoſpitalis ordinandus in Admiſſione ſua Vinculo Juramenti Corporaliter praeſtiti ſpecialiter oneretur. Ita quod non liceat dictis Cuſtodi, Confratribus, Pauperibus, Infirmis, five Clericis, nec corum ſucceſſoribus dictum Hoſpitale, Redditus, Tenementa, Meſſuagia, Celaria, vel Placeas ſupradicta, ſeu aliquam partem Eorundem alicui alienare, impignorare, ſeu diminuere, & ſi aliquid factum vel acceptum fuerit in contrarium, de Jure non valeat quoviſmodo. Si vero praedicti Redditus, ſeu aliqua pars corundem, a retro fuerint ad aliquem Terminum, viz. ad Feſtum Pentecoſt. & S. Martini in hyeme non ſoluti, quod tunc bene liceat dicto Cuſtodi qui pro tempore ſuerit, per ſe vel per Alium in praedictis Tenementis intrare & quolibet Tenemento praedictorum, pro Redditu a retro exiſtente, unde praedicta Tenementa onerantur intrare, diſtringere, & Diſtrictiones capere, aſportare, & retinere, quouſque de praedicto annuo Redditu a retro exiſtente, cum Arreragiis, ſi quae ſint, plenarie Eis fuerit ſatisfactum. Cum antem Cuſtos dicti Hoſpitalis qui pro tempore fuerit in fata decedat, ceſſerit, ſeu renunciaverit Regimen dicti Hoſpitalis, ſive propter Crimen vel Defectum, ſeu aliam Cauſam notabilem, amotus fuerit a Regimine praedicto, tunc in omni Caſu praedicto per Me quamdiu vixero, & poſt mortem meam volo, quod tunc bene liceat dictis Confratribus, in dicto Hoſpitali qui pro tempore ſuerint commorantibus infra Quindenam, poſt mortem alicujus Cuſtodis, Ceſſionem, ſeu Renunciationem, idoneam Perſonam de Scipſis, vel de Conventu de Knaresburgh Ordinis praedicti eligere, & Ipſum ſic electum Miniſtro de Knaresburgh praeſentare, & Ipſe ſic electus & praeſentatus per ipſum Miniſtrum praedictum recipiatur, & in Cuſtodia dicti Hoſpitalis inſtituatur ſecundum Ordinationes & Fundationes meas ſupraedictas: Quod ſi contingat quod praedicti Fratres in praedicto Hoſpitali morantes concordare non poſſunt ſuper Electionem praedictam, volo quod Miniſter de Knaresburgh & Conventus ejuſdem Domus, infra tres Septimanas tunc proxime ſequentes, idoneam Perſonam de Ordine praedicto praeſentant, & Ille ſic praeſentatus ſit Cuſtos perpetuus dicti Hoſpitalis ſecundum Ordinationem & Fundationem meas ſupradictas: Et ſi praedicti Miniſter & Conventus dictae Domus de Knaresburgh, non praeſentaverint Idioneam perſonam, ut praefertur, volo quod Miniſter dictus Provincialis Ordinis praedicti in Anglia [] Idoneam Perſonam Ordinis praedicti ad Cuſtodiam dicti Hoſpitalis infra quindenam extunc proxime ſequentem praeſentet, & Ille ſic praeſentatus ſit Cuſtos dicti Hoſpitalis ſecundum Ordinationem & Fundationem ſupradictas: Et quod ſi praedictus Miniſter dictus Provincialis non praeſentaverit idoneam Perſonam ad Cuſtodiam dicti Hoſpitalis ut praeſertur, volo & concedo quod tunc bene liceat Majori & Ballivis Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam qui pro tempore fuerint, idoneam Perſonam de Ordine praedicto ad Miniſtrum de Knaresburgh, qui pro tempore fuerit praeſentare, & Ipſe ſic praeſentatus per praedictum Miniſtrum in Coſtodia dicti Hoſpitalis inſtituatur ſecundum Fundationem & Ordinationem ſupradictas. Item ordino & diſpono de Voluntate & Aſſenſu Miniſtri & Conventus Domus praedictae S. Roberti de Knaresburgh, quod Miniſter ejuſdem Domus vel ejus Vicarius ejuſdem Ordinis cum Uno ſuo Confratre & aliis duobus per Equos ad dictum Hoſpitale ſingulis Annis poſt mortem Willielmi de Wakefeld Cuſtodis Hoſpitalis praedicti, infra Quindenam proximam poſt Feſtum S. Trinitatis perſonaliter accedat, & ſumptus moderatos dicti Hoſpitalis per ſex dies veniendo, morando, & redeundo percipiat per manus Cuſtodis perſolvendos: Idemque Miniſter, quem ſolum Ordinarium & dicti Hoſpitalis Praeſidentem eſſe volo, adeo quod nullus alius Judex ſeu Ordinarius de Statu dicti Hoſpitalis, ſeu Perſonis & Rebus ejuſdem ſe nullatenus intromittat, Inquiſitionem diligentem, & Viſitationem plenam, de Perſonis, & Rebus dicti Hoſpitalis faciat ac exerceat, ac Defectus ibidem compertos corrigat & emendet, prout ſecundum Deum & Aequitatem melius videbitur expedire. Et Miniſter dictus & Conventus de Knaresburgh, qui pro tempore fuerint, habebunt annuatim pro labore ſuo Viſitationis dicti Hoſpitalis Pondus unius Equi Piſcium per manus Cuſtodis dicti Hoſpitalis apud Villam Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam recipiendum, decenter perſolvendum: Et quod dictus Cuſtos, nec Hoſpitale praedictum ulterius oneretur pro labore praedicto. Et volo quod quandocunque & quotieſcunque aliqui Fratres pauperes ſive Clerici dicti Hoſpitalis deceſſerint, receſſerint, vel aliis Cauſis rationabilibus, ſive ex Cauſa rationabili amoti fuerint ab Hoſpitali praedicto, quod per Me, dum vixero, & poſt mortem meam per praedictos Cuſtodem & Confratres dicti Hoſpitalis, alii Fratres idonei, Pauperes, Infirmi, & Clerici loco decedentium, recedentium, & amotorum, infra tres ſeptimanas, ut praemittitur aſſumantur, & in eodem Hoſpitali ponantur: Quod ſi contingat quod praedicti Cuſtos & Confratres dicti Hoſpitalis infra tres Septimanes ſupradictas, ut praemittitur, praedictam Aſſumptionem Fratrum Pauperum, Infirmorum & Clericorum non adimpleverint, quod tunc bene liceat Majori & Ballivis dictae Villae Novi Caſtri, qui pro tempore fuerint, alios Fratres idoneos, Pauperes, Infirmos, & Clericos aſſumere, & in eodem Hoſpitali ponere moraturos, ſecundum Ordinationem meam & Fundationem ſupradictam.

Et in Aſſumptione & Praefixione Fratrum, Pauperum, Infirmorum, & Clericorum, in dicto Hoſpitali ponendorum, Volo quod Perſonae de Conſanguinitate & Affinitate mea, ſi quae fuerint, alioquin de Originariis & Oriundis de dicta Villa Novi Caſtri, vel de aliis praeferantur. Caeterum inter dictum Miniſtrum & Confratres dictae Domus de Knaresburgh & Me concorditer eſt conventum, quod ſi Miniſter dictae Domus, qui erit pro tempore, ad dictum Hoſpitale Cauſa Viſitationis, Inquiſitionis, & Correctionis faciendarum, temporibus ſtatutis ſupradictis, perſonaliter, vel ejus Vicarius accedere, & ea, quae in hac Cauſa requiruntur, non curaverit ſeu neglexerit, abſque Impedimento, legitime adimplere ſingulis Annis quibus adimplere neglexerit, dicti Miniſter & Confratres Domus de Knaresburgh omni Commodo & Juriſdictione omnino careant & perdent: Et volo quod tunc bene liceat Priori Dunelm. qui pro tempore fuerit, poſt Quindenam poſtquam dictus Miniſter Domus de Knaresburgh a Viſitatione dicti Hoſpitalis defecerit contra Formam praenominatam, infra Quindenam proxime ſequentem faciat, & quae concernunt ad Viſitationem dicti Hoſpitalis adimpleat Modo & Forma Fundationis antedictae. Et quod ſi dictus Prior Ea, quae concernunt ad Viſitationem ſupradictam, neglexerit, quod tunc bene liceat Vicario Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, qui pro tempore fuerit, dictam Viſitationem dicti Hoſpitalis facere, ut praemittitur. Et volo inſuper & diſpono quod neque Miniſter Domus de Knaresburgh, quem Praeſidentem dicti Hoſpitalis ordinamus, ut eſt dictum, nec Major nec Ballivi dictae Villae Novi Caſtri, nullam Poteſtatem habeant aliqua Bona dicti Hoſpitalis minuendi, ſibi vel Domui de Knaresburgh, vel alteri cuicunque applicandi vel transferendi, ſed quod ipſa Bona omnia & ſingula in Uſus dicti Cuſtodis, Fratrum, Pauperum, Infirmorum, Clericorum & Succeſſorum ſuorum totaliter convertantur. Habenda & tenenda dictam Terram, Hoſpitale praedictum, Meſſuagia, Celaria, & Placeas ſupradictas, ac Redditus praedictos, percipienda cum omnibus ſuis Pertinentiis praedicto Fratri Willielmo de Wackefeld, Confratribus, Pauperibus, Infirmis, & Clericis in dicto Hoſpitali morantibus, & in futurum moraturis, ibidem Deo ſervituris, & ſucceſſoribus ſuis in perpetuum, in puram & perpetuam Elemoſinam, ad inveniendum, ſuſtentandum, & perficiendum Omnia antedicta modo & forma praenominatis in eodem Hoſpitali Ita quod quandocunque & quotieſcunque praedicti Cuſtos, Confratres, Pauperes, Infirmi, Clerici vel ſucceſſores ſui defecerit vel defecerint in aliquo Articulo Praemiſſorum, & debita Correctio dicti Defectus infra Quadraginta dies proxime ſequentes poſt Viſitationem ſactam, per praedictum Miniſtrum de Knaresburgh vel ejus Vicarium per Priorem Dunelm. vel per Vacarium de Novo Caſtro ſuper Tynam, qui pro tempore ſuerit, non fiet, quod tunc bene liceat Mihi in tota Vita mea, & poſt Deceſſum meum Majori & Ballivis, qui pro tempore fuerint, in omnibus meis Celariis, Placeis, & Redditibus ſupradictis intrare, diſtringere, & Ea in manu mea, dum vixero, & poſt mortem meam, in manibus dicti Majoris & Ballivorum, qui pro tempore fuerint, retinere, quouſque debita Correctio fiet de Defectu invento aliquorum Articulorum ſupradictorum contra Ordinationem & Fundationem ſupradictas. Salvo tamen quod omnes Redditus & Proficui inde provenientes in Uſum Inhabitantium, viz. Cuſtodis, Fratrum, Pauperum, Infirmorum, & Clericorum in dicto Hoſpitali, & non in alios Uſus convertantur quomodolibet. Et Ego vero Willielmus de Acketon Burgenſis Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam & Haeredes mei praedictam Terram, Hoſpitale praedictum, Meſſuagia, Celaria, & Placeas ſupradictas, ac Redditus ſupradictos cum omnibus ſuis Pertinentiis praedicto Willielmo de Wackefelde, Confratribus, Pauperibus, Infirmis, & Clericis in dicto Hoſpitali morantibus, & in futurum moraturis, & ſucceſſoribus ſuis, modo & forma praenominatis contra omnes Genres warantizabimus & deſendemus in perpetuum. In cujus Rei Teſtimonium Parti hujus Indenturae quadripartitae penes Me remanenti Sigillum Willielmi de Wackefeld, & Sigillum Capituli Domus de Knaresburgh ſunt appoſita: Alteri vero Parti penes dictum Willielmum & Hoſpitale praedictum remanenti Sigillum meum & Sigillum commune dictae Villae Novi Caſtri ſunt appenſa: Tertiae vero Parti penes Majorem & Ballivos Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, & in Communi Ciſta ejuſdem Villae romanenti Sigilla dicti Willielmi de Wackefeld & dicti Capituli de Knaresburgh & Sigillum meum ſunt appenſa: Quartae vero Parti penes Magiſtrum & Conventum Domus de Knaresburgh remanenti Sigillum meum & Sigillum Willielmi de Wackefelde Cuſtodis dicti Hoſpitalis. una cum Siuillo communi Novi Caſtri ſunt appoſita. His Teſtibus, Willielmo de la Strother tunc Majore Villae Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam, Johanne de Emeldon, Nicholao Bagot, & Johanne de [] Camera tunc Ballivts, Roberto de Angerton, Thoma de Hett, Roberto Qware, Johanne de Bikere, Ada. Ord, Johanne Plumber, Nicholao Soco & aliis. Datum apud Villam Novi Caſtri ſuper Tynam die Mercur. proximo ante Feſtum Pentecoſt. Anno Domini Milleſimo, Trecenteſimo, Sexageſimo.

Nos igitur Thomas Permiſſione Divina Dunelm. Epiſcopus antedictus attentis, penſatis, & diligenter conſideratis Praemiſſis omnibus & ſingulis & eorum Cauſis, nec non laudabili Opere hujuſmodi & Propoſito dicti Willielmi de Acketon, quae omnia pia, utilia, & neceſſaria reputamus, praefatam Cartam, ac Omnia & Singula in eadem contenta, tanquam rite & legitime facta, quatenus ad Nos attinet, pro Nobis & Succeſſoribus noſtris Dunelm. Epiſcopis acceptamus, approbamus, ratificamus, & tenore Praeſentium confirmamus, Jure, Juriſdictione, Dignitate, & Honore Noſtris & Eccleſiae noſtrae Dunelm. in omnibus & per omnia ſemper ſalvis. In cujus Rei Teſtimonium Sigillum noſtrum Praeſentibus eſt appenſum. Datum in Manerio noſtro de Aukland ſecundo die Menſis Octob. Anno Domini Milleſ. Trecent. Sexag. primo, & Conſecrationis noſtrae decimo ſeptimo.

Et Nos Prior & Capitulum Eccleſiae Dunelm. Praemiſſa omnia & ſingula per dictum Venerabilem Patrem facta rata habentes, & qnatenus in Nobis eſt, & ad Nos pertinet, approbantes, Sigillum noſtrum Commune ad majorem Securitatem & Evidentiam Praeſentium duximus apponendum. Datum ergo, quod ad Nos in Capitulari Domo noſtra Dunelm. Viceſimo die Menſis Aprilis Anno Domini Milleſ. Trecenteſ. Seſageſ. Tertio.

FINIS.
Notes
*
The Author did live but few Months after he wrote this Preface, dying Feb. 16. 1732.
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Zitationsvorschlag für dieses Objekt
TextGrid Repository (2020). TEI. 5244 The history of Newcastle upon Tyne or the ancient and present state of that town By the late Henry Bourne. University of Oxford Text Archive. . https://hdl.handle.net/21.T11991/0000-001A-58DA-C