[]

THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH INSECTS; EXPLAINING THEM IN THEIR SEVERAL STATES, WITH THE PERIODS OF THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS THEIR FOOD, OECONOMY, &c.

TOGETHER WITH THE HISTORY OF SUCH MINUTE INSECTS AS REQUIRE INVESTIGATION BY THE MICROSCOPE.

THE WHOLE ILLUSTRATED BY COLOURED FIGURES, DESIGNED AND EXECUTED FROM LIVING SPECIMENS.

BY E. DONOVAN.

VOL. IX.

LONDON: PRINTED BY BYE AND LAW, ST. JOHN'S SQUARE, CLERKENWELL, FOR THE AUTHOR, And for F. and C. RIVINGTON, No 62, ST. PAUL'S CHURCH-YARD. MDCCC.

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[]THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH INSECTS.
PLATE CCLXXXIX. SPHINX ATROPOS. DEATH HEAD, or BEE TIGER MOTH.

[289]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae thickeſt in the middle. Wings deflexed, the outer margin declining towards the ſides.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings entire; poſterior pair yellow, barred acroſs with brown. Abdomen yellow, with black rings.

  • SPHINX ATROPOS: alis integris: poſticis luteis; faſciis fuſcis, ab⯑domine luteo: cingulis nigris. Lin. Syſt. Nat. 2. 799. 9.—Muſ. Lud. Ulr. 348.
  • [4] Reaum. Inſ. 1. tab. 14.
  • Roeſ. Inſ. 3. tab. 1. 1.
  • Haſſelquiſt. Itin. 407. 104. 105.
  • Schaeff. Icon. tab. 99. fig. 1. 2.
  • Eſp. Inſ. 2. tab. 7.
  • Sulz. Inſ. tab. 15. fig. 88.
  • Albin. Inſ. tab. 6.
  • Wilks. pap. 9. tab. 1. B. 1.

The Sphinx Atropos is a magnificent creature, and the largeſt of the European Lepidopterous Inſects. The characteriſtic marks of this ſpecies are very ſingular; on the thorax in particular the figure of a human ſkull is ſtrongly depicted. Theſe Inſects have been deemed a preſage of ſome approaching calamity, by the peaſantry in countries where they have appeared by chance; and Linnaeus has himſelf named it after one of the three Fates, of the Heathen My⯑thology.

This ſpecies ſeems no where common. In this country it is rare. We have an Engliſh Specimen in the winged ſtate, and once met with its larva, of a full ſize, but it died before it became a pupa.

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[5]PLATE CCXC. THE LARVA OF SPHINX ATROPOS. DEATH HEAD, or BEE TIGER MOTH.

[290]

This Specimen was found on the Jaſmine, the latter end of Auguſt. It is ſaid to feed alſo on Potatoes and Green Elder. It appears in the Fly ſtate in July.

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[7]PLATE CCXCI. PEDICULI COLUMBAE. PIGEON'S LOUSE. APTERA.

[291]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Six Feet. Eyes two. Mouth contains a ſting. Antennae length of the Thorax.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Body ſlender, thickeſt towards the end, whitiſh, a ferruginous line along each ſide.

  • PEDICULUS COLUMBAE: corpore filiformi ferrugineis poſtice clavato. Fab. Syſt. Ent. 809. 31.
  • Pediculus oblongus filiformis albicans, corporis lateribus utrinque ferrugineis. Geoff. Inſ. 2. 599. 7.
  • Pulex Columbae Majoris. Redi de Inſectis tab. 2. fig. 1.

This is the kind of Louſe found on the common Pigeon. It differs ſpecifically from thoſe of other Birds and Animals, as may be conjectured from its ſignificant name, P. Columbae.

[8]It is ſuppoſed that almoſt every creature has its peculiar ſpecies of Pediculi, but not more than fifty diſtinct ſpecies have been hitherto aſcertained; and nearly the whole of theſe belong to the feathered tribe. Redi, Linnaeus, Fabricius, and other Authors diſtinguiſh many of theſe Inſects by the names of thoſe creatures they infeſt, as P. Vulturis, Orioli, Cuculi, Cygni, Pavonis, Phaſiani, &c. &c.

FIG. I. Natural Size. FIG. II. Magnified.

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[9]PLATE CCXCII. PAPILIO CARDUI. PAINTED LADY BUTTERFLY.

[292]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae clubbed. Wings erect when at reſt. Fly by day.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings indented, above orange variegated with black and white; beneath, four eyes on the poſterior pair.

  • PAPILIO CARDUI: alis dentatis fulvis albo nigroque variegatis: poſticis ſubtus ocellis quatuor. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 774. 157.—Fn. Sv. 1054
  • —Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 1. 104. ſp. 320.
  • Schaeff. Icon. tab. 97. fig. 5, 6.
  • Ernſt. Pap. Europ. 1. tab. 7.
  • Albin. Inſ. tab. 56.
  • Cram. Inſ. 3. tab. 26. fig. E. F.
  • Reaum. Inſ. 1. tab. 26. fig. 11, 12.
  • Hoeffn. Inſ. tab. 7. fig. 3.

The Painted Lady Butterfly is a local ſpecies, and therefore not very common. In ſome ſeaſons, theſe Inſects appear in conſider⯑able numbers, and then again are not ſeen for ſeveral years. They [10] were taken in abundance in the ſummer of 1795, in many parts of the kingdom, and particularly in Mancheſter; but ſince that time, few, if any, have been met with.

In point of beauty, this ſpecies has an immediate claim to the notice of Engliſh Entomologiſts. Its larva feeds on nettles, thiſtles, docks, and other herbage by the ſides of ditches, and changes to the pupa ſtate about the middle or latter end of July; the winged Inſect ap⯑pears twelve days after.

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[11]PLATE CCXCIII.

[293]

FIG. I. PHALAENA ULMATA. SCARCE ELM MOTH.

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper from the baſe. Wings in general deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Antennae ſetaceous. Wings white, with a double row of pale black ſpots acroſs the middle: a ferruginous brown ſpot at the baſe, and another at the poſterior margin of the firſt pair: a ſimilar ſpot in the interior margin of the ſecond pair alſo.

  • PHALAENA ULMATA: ſeticornis alis albidis: faſciis duabus ferru⯑gineo fuſcis; poſtica maculari. Fab. Ent. Syſt. 3. p. 2. p. 176. Sp. 171.
  • Phalaena pantaria pectinicornis alis albis: faſcia maculari flavicante, abdomine luteo nigro punctato. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 863. 218.

This ſpecies bears ſome affinity to the Phalena Groſſulariata, or Currant Moth. It is very rare, and has been hitherto found only in Yorkſhire. It appears the third week in June. The larva feeds on the elm: it is green, ſtreaked with black, and has a black head; the pupa blueiſh.

FIG. II. PHALAENA MARGINATA.

[12]

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Antennae ſetaceous. Wings white, with a deep irregular brown margin of interrupted ſpots.

  • PHALAENA MARGINATA: ſeticornis alis omnibus albis: margine exteriori limbo fuſco interrupto. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 870. 257.—Fn. Sv. 1279.
  • Sulz. Inſ. tab. 16. fig. 96.
  • Geoff. Inſ. 2. 139. 60.
  • Clerk. Phal. tab. 2. fig. 5.

Phalaena Geometra Marginata* is rather common. It lives on the nut, and is found in the winged ſtate in May.

FIG. III. PHALAENA PRUNARIA, Var. FEMALE ORANGE. MOTH.

[13]

Male, Plate 23. Br. Inſ.

The male of Phalaena Prunaria is repreſented and deſcribed in the early part of our Britiſh Inſects; but it differs ſo conſiderably from the ſingular variety of the ſame ſpecies now before us, that we pre⯑ſume to introduce it in the annexed plate of Geometrae.

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[15]PLATE CCXCIV. MUSCA SOLSTITIALIS.

[294]

GENERIC CHARACTER. The mouth formed by a ſoft fleſhy proboſcis, with two lateral lips. No palpi.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Antennae furniſhed with a lateral hair. Wings white, with four ſomewhat connected black bars acroſs. Scutellum yellow.

  • MUSCA SOLSTITIALIS: antennis ſetariis, alis albis: faſciis quatuor connexis nigris, ſcutello flavo. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 999. 127.—Fn. Sv. 1879.
  • Degeer. Inſ. 6. 42. 16. tab. 2. fig. 10, 11.
  • La mouche des tetes de Chardons. Geoff. Inſ. 2. 499. 14.

Found in the middle of ſummer on thiſtles, and is an elegant object for the microſcope.

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[17]PLATE CCXCV. PAPILIO COMMA. PEARL SKIPPER BUTTERFLY.

[295]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae clubbed at the ends. Wings erect when at reſt. Fly by day.

Plebeii Urbicolae.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Wings entire, divaricated, brown, having a black ſtreak along the middle of the anterior pair. Beneath, ſpotted with white.

  • PAPILIO COMMA: alis integerrimis divaricatis fulvis: punctis albis lineolaque nigra. Linn. Syſt. Nat. p. 793. 256.
  • HESPERIA COMMA: Fab. Ent. Syſt. t. 3. p. 1. p. 325. 233.
  • PAPILIO COMMA: Wien. Verz. 159. 4.

In the beginning of Auguſt, 1772, a brood of theſe Inſects were taken near Lewes in Suſſex, by the late Mr. Green; and we believe no other ſpecimens have been taken ſince that period.

It is not very unlike the Papilio Sylvanus of Fabricius, but may be readily diſtinguiſhed from it by the ſquare ſpots on the under-ſide being perfectly white.

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[19]PLATE CCXCVI. SPHINX PINASTRI. PINE HAWK MOTH.

[296]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae thickeſt in the middle. Wings deflexed when at reſt. Fly ſlow, morning and evening.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings entire. Greyiſh white: three contiguous black lines in the middle of the anterior pair. Abdomen browniſh, with bands of white.

  • SPHINX PINASTRI: alis integris canis: anticis lineolis tribus con⯑fertis nigris, abdomine fuſco: cingulis albis. Linn.
  • Syſt. Nat. 2. 802. 22.—Fn. Sv. 1088.
  • Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 1. p. 367. 35.
  • Eſp. Inſ. 2. tab. 12.
  • Roeſ. Inſ. 1. phal. 1. tab. 6.
  • Reaum. Inſ. 1. tab. 13. fig. 8.

We have only a traditionary report that Sphinx Pinaſtri has been ſometimes found in Scotland; but as it is generally admitted, on that authority, to a place in the cabinets of Engliſh Inſects, we cannot refrain inſerting it in the preſent work.

It is an European Inſect, and in particular is found in the Pine foreſts of Germany. Roeſel has figured it with the larva and pupa, [20] in the plate above quoted; and as we may, perhaps, never meet with it in that ſtate, we conceived the copies of them in the annexed plate, would at leaſt be ſatisfactory to ſuch ſubſcribers as have not the works of that German author.

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[21]PLATE CCXCVII. CIMEX BICOLOR. BLACK AND WHITE FIELD BUG.

[297]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Roſtrum inflected. Antennae longer than the thorax. One wing-caſe folded over the other. Feet formed for running.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black. Wing-caſes variegated with black and white; a ſemi-circular white ſpace in the middle. Wings tranſparent and whitiſh.

  • CINEX BICOLOR: niger elytris albo variis, alis albis. Linn. Syſt.
  • Nat. 2. 722. 55.—Fn. Sv. 936.—Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 4. p. 121. ſp. 161.
  • La Punaiſe noire à quatre taches blanches. Geoff. Inſ. 1. p. 470. ſp. 73.
  • Schaeff. Icon. tab. 41. fig. 8. 9.
  • Stoll. Cimic. tab. 32. fig. 224.
  • Petiv. Gazoph. tab. 14. fig. 7.

The natural ſize is repreſented at Fig. I.

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[23]PLATE CCXCVIII. PHALAENA TRIPLACIA. SPECTACLE MOTH.

[298]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper from the baſe. Wings in general deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

* * Noctua.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax creſted. Wings deflexed; firſt pair greyiſh, with a double ferruginous arch; at the baſe, and another in an oppoſite direction near the apex.

  • PHALAENA TRIPLACIA: critata alis deflexis; anticis arcu duplici contrario maculiſque tribus glaucis intermediis. Linn.
  • Syſt. Nat. 2. 854. 175.—Fn. Sv. 1202.
  • Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 2. 117. 354.
  • Degeer. Inſ. 1. tab. 6. fig. 20. 21.
  • Merian. Europ. tab. 97.

This Inſect is remarkable for a fanciful kind of marking that encircles the eyes, and ſeems to reſemble a pair of ſpectacles. It is found in the winged ſtate the fourth week in June.

[figure]


[25]PLATE CCXCIX. PHALAENA ROBORIS.

[299]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper from the baſe. Wings in general deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

* * Noctua.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings deflexed, greyiſh: two undulated white waves acroſs the anterior pair: a white ſpace in the middle, having a lunar black mark in its center.

  • PHALAENA ROBORIS: laevis alis deflexis cinereis: ſtrigis duabus undatis albis, macula centrali nivea: lunula nigra. Fab. Ent. Syſt. 3. p. 2. p. 35. ſp. 90.

A ſcarce ſpecies; it is found on the nut-tree.

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[27]PLATE CCC. TIPULA POMONAE.

[300]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Head lengthened out. Upper jaw arched. Palpi two, curved, longer than the head. Proboſcis ſhort, and bent inwards.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Shining black. Wings whitiſh, with a central dark ſpot in the anterior margin. Thighs ferruginous.

  • TIPULA POMONAE: glabra nigra alis lacteis: puncto nigro, femo⯑ribus ferrugineis. Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 4. p. 249. ſp. 74.

We met with both ſexes of this uncommon Inſect in Coombe Wood, Surry, in the beginning of June, 1798.—The ſpecimen Fabricius deſcribed was taken in this country alſo, May 13, on a fruit-tree.

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[29]PLATE CCCI. CICINDELA RIPARIA.

[301]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae ſetaceous. Jaws advanced and armed with teeth. Eyes prominent. Thorax roundiſh and margined.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Greeniſh, bronzed, with many excavated round ſpots on the wing-caſes.

  • CICINDELA RIPARIA: viridi-aenea, elytris punctis latis excavatis.
  • Fn. Suec. 741. Gmel. Linn. Syſt. T. 1. p. 4. p. 1925. ſp. 10.
  • Cicindela viridi-aenea maculis rotundis excavatis griſeo-viridibus.
  • Degeer. Inſ. 4. p. 117. n. 4. t. 4. f. 9.

We found this beautiful ſpecies in ſome plenty in a little marſhy ſpot behind the town of Newton, on the ſea ſhore of Glamorgan⯑ſhire. Gmelin ſays it is found in wet places, and obſerves that its colour often varies.

It is a minute inſect, and is repreſented magnified in the annexed plate.

[figure]


[31]PLATE CCCII. PAPILIO AGLAJA. SILVER SPOT FRITTILARY BUTTERFLY.

[302]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae clubbed at the ends. Wings erect when at reſt. Fly by day.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings dentated, fulvous, with black ſpots. Twenty ſilver ſpots on the under ſide of the poſterior wings.

  • PAPILIO AGLAJA: alis dentatis fulvis nigro maculatis: ſubtus 21. maculis argenteis. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 785. 211.—Fn. Sv. 1064.—Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 1. p. 144. ſp. 442.
  • Wilks Pap. tab. 2. a. 12.
  • Eſp. Pap. 1. tab. 17. fig. 3.
  • Schaeff. Icon. tab. 7. fig. 1, 2.

A very beautiful and not uncommon Britiſh ſpecies; the Larva feeds on the Violet, &c.; it is of a dirty black colour, ſpotted with brown, and armed with long ſpines, as in P. Antiopa. This Larva is found in May, changes to the pupa ſtate the latter end of the ſame month, and appears twenty-one days after a winged inſect.

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[33]PLATE CCCIII. DYTISCUS 2 PUNCTATUS. TWO SPOT BOAT BEETLE.

[303]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae either ſetaceous, or furniſhed at the end with a perfoli⯑ated capitulum. Hind feet formed for ſwimming, and hairy.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black brown. Thorax yellow with two black points: wing-caſes variegated with yellow and brown.

  • DYTISCUS 2 PUNCTATUS: ater thorace flavo: punctis duobus nigris, elytris flavo fuſcoque variis. Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 1. p. 192. ſp. 22.

Fabricius deſcribes this as a German inſect. It has not been figured by any author, and is uncommon in Great Britain. Lives in the water.

[figure]


[35]PLATE CCCIV. PHALAENA ABISINTHII. WORMWOOD MOTH.

[304]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper from the baſe. Wings in general deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

* Noctua.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax creſted. Wings deflexed: white, faſciated and ſpotted with black in a ſomewhat quadrangular manner.

  • PHALAENA ABISINTHII: criſta alis deflexis canis: faciis punc⯑tiſque in tetragonum poſitis nigris. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 845. 133.—Fn. Sv. 1182. Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 2. p. 88. ſp. 261.

Phalaena Abiſinthii is certainly an elegant ſpecies, and particularly intereſting as a native of this country. A few years ſince it was very highly eſteemed by collectors of Engliſh natural hiſtory, and at pre⯑ſent it holds a diſtinguiſhed rank amongſt the more valuable inſects of our cabinets. Has been found on ſome wormwood in Bunhill⯑fields, about twenty years ago.

[36]The larva is beautifully variegated with red, and tender ſhades of green and yellow on a whitiſh ground: it feeds on the wormwood, and becomes a pupa within a caſe, or ſpinning. Found in the winged ſtate in July.

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[37]PLATE CCCV. CERAMBYX OCULATUS.

[305]

* * Saperda.

GENERIC CHARCTER. Antennae articulated, tapering towards the ends. Thorax either armed with ſpines, or gibbous. Wing-caſes throughout of equal breadth.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Cylindrical: Thorax without ſpines, yellow, with two black ſpots. Wing-caſes grey with linear ſtreaks of excavated black points.

  • CERAMBYX OCULATUS: thorace mutico cylindrico luteo: punctis duobus nigris, elytris faſtigiatis linearibus nigris. SAPERDA. Linn. Faun. Suec. 664.—Cerambyx ferrugineo-rufus, elytris nigro cinereis punctis excavatis nigris. Uddm. Diſſ. 31—Gmel. Linn. Syſt. T. 1. p. 4. p. 1841. ſp. 60.
  • SAPERDA OCULATA. Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 1. p. 2. p. 308. Schaeff. Icon. tab. 128. fig. 4.
[38]

This inſect is deſcribed and figured, by ſome of the continental writers on entomology, as a native of France, Italy, and Germany, but has not, we believe, been hitherto noticed as a Britiſh ſpecies. Like other local inſects it is ſaid to be extremely common in the Iſle of Ely, Cambridgeſhire, and perhaps is not found in any other part of the country.

[figure]


[39]PLATE CCCVI. PHALAENA QUADRA. SPOTTED FOOTMAN MOTH.

[306]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper from the baſe. Wings in general deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax ſmooth. Wings depreſſed, yellow, with two dark blue ſpots on the anterior pair.

  • PHALAENA QUADRA: laevis alis depreſſis luteis: anticis punctis duobus cyaneis. Linn Syſt. Nat. 2. 840. 14.
  • —Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 2. p. 24. ſp. 54.
  • Schaeff. Elem. tab. 98. fig. 5.
  • Roeſ. Inſ. 1. phal. 2. tab. 17.

The larva of this ſpecies rarely occurs, and the winged Inſect is not common. Linnaeus has taken his specific character of this Moth from the four blue ſpots on the anterior wings: it is therefore neceſ⯑ſary to obſerve, that the other ſex has no ſuch ſpots, and has erro⯑neouſly been made a diſtinct ſpecies by the ſame author, becauſe it was deſtitute of them.—Found in the winged ſtate in May and June.

[figure]


[41]PLATE CCCVII. PHALAENA POPULI. DECEMBER MOTH.

[307]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper from the baſe. Wings in general deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Brown: an irregular pale ſtreak acroſs the anterior pair, and a ſmaller one near the baſe. A ſingle pale ſtreak acroſs the poſterior pair.

  • PHALAENA POPULI: fuſca antice pallida, alis reverſis fuſceſcen⯑tibus: ſtriga ſeſquialtera repanda albida. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 818. 34.—Fn. Sv. 1101.
  • —Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 2. p. 429. ſp. 70.
  • Wien. Verz. 58. 9.
  • Roeſ. Inſ. 1. phal. 2. tab. 60.

We ſeldom meet with this intereſting ſpecies, for it is found both in the larva and perfect ſtate in the ſeaſon, when few collectors are diſpoſed to ſeek for it. It feeds on the white-thorn, becomes a pupa in November, and the Moth appears in December as its trivial Engliſh name implies.

[figure]


[43]PLATE CCCVIII. STAPHYLINUS ERYTHROPTERUS.

[308]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae moniliform. Elytra not half the length of the abdomen. Wings folded, and concealed under the elytra.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black. Wing-caſes, antennae, and legs red.

  • STAPHYLINUS ERYTHROPTERUS: ater, elytris, antennarum baſi pedibuſque rufis.—Fn. Suec. 842. Gmel. Linn. T. 1. p. 4. p. 2027. ſp. 4.
  • Fab. Ent. Syſt.
  • Degeer. Inſ. 4. p. 21. n. 6.
  • Schaeff. Elem. tab. 117.
  • —Icon. tab. 2. fig. 2.

Found in general in moiſt or ſandy places.

[figure]


[45]PLATE CCCIX. PHALAENA CORYLI. NUT-TREE TUSSOCK MOTH.

[309]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper from the baſe. Wings in general deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Wings deflexed greyiſh: a broad ferruginous ſpace acroſs the an⯑terior wings, marked in the middle with two black points encircled with white.

  • PHALAENA CORYLI: alis deflexis glaucis: faſcia ferruginea; puncto nigro albo annulato, thorace variegato.
  • Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 823. 50.—Fn. Sv. 1123.—Fab.
  • Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 2. p. 444. ſp. 114.
  • Degeer Inſ. 1. tab. 18. fig. 4. 5.
  • Roeſ. Inſ. 1. phal. 2. tab. 58.
  • Albin. Inſ. tab. 90.

Found on the nut-tree in Coombe Wood in the larva ſtate in May: and formed a fine web within the leaves, where it became a pupa. The Moth appeared in July.

[figure]


[47]PLATE CCCX. PHALAENA VERNARIA. GREEN HOUSE-WIFE MOTH.

[310]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper from the baſe. Wings in general deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Antennae feathered; ſetaceous at the apex. Wings angulated, green, with two equidiſtant whitiſh bars acroſs: margin of alternate ſpots of brown and white.

  • PHALAENA VERNARIA: pectinicornis alis angulatis vireſcentibus: ſtrigis duabus albis repandis, antennis apice ſetaceis.
  • Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 858. 195.—Fn. Sv. 1227.
  • Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 2. p. 129. 169. ſp. 3.

A very common and pretty little ſpecies. Is found on the jaſ⯑mine and honeyſuckle.

[figure]


[49]PLATE CCCXI. PHALAENA PRONUBA. YELLOW UNDERWING MOTH.

[311]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper from the baſe. Wings in general deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax creſted. Wings incumbent. Firſt pair variegated brown and grey. Second pair yellow, with a black band near the margin.

  • PHALAENA PRONUBA: criſtata, alis incumbentibus, poſticis rubris, faſcia atra ſubmarginali. Fab. Syſt. Ent. 603. 55.
  • —Sp. Inſ. 2. p. 222. 73.
  • Phalaena pronuba. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 842. 121.—Fn. Sv. 1167.
  • Phalaena antennis ſetaceis, alis brunneis aut cinereis, poſticis luteis, faſcia maginali nigra. Degeer. Inſ. Verſ. Germ. 2. 1. 288. 1.
  • Goed. Inſ. 1. tab. 14.
  • Friſch. Inſ. 4. tab. 32.
  • Ammiral. tab. 8.
  • Schaeff. Icon. tab. 196. fig. 1. 2.
  • Geoffr. Inſ. 2. 146. 76.
[50]

The larva of this beautiful, though common Moth, is found in the month of May, feeding on the roots of graſs, &c. &c.; changes to the pupa, and appears in the winged ſtate in Auguſt.

[figure]


[51]PLATE CCCXII. PAPILIO EUPHROSYNE. PEARL BORDER FRITILLARY BUTTERFLY. LEPIDOPTERA.

[312]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae clubbed at the end. Wings erect when at reſt. Fly [...] day.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings indented. Upper ſide fulvous brown with black ſpots. [...] border of ſilver ſpots on the underſide.

  • PAPILIO EUPHROSYNE: alis dentatis fulvis nigro maculatis: ſubtus maculis novem argenteis. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 786. 214. Fn. Sv. 1069.
  • Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. p. 1. p. 147. ſp. 450.
  • Geoffr. Inſ. 2. 44. 11.
  • Degeer. Inſ. 2. tab. 1. fig. 10. 11.
  • Eſp. pap. 1. tab. 18. fig. 3.

An elegant ſpecies. Is common in woods, and appears in the [...]inged ſtate in May.

[figure]


[53]PLATE CCCXIII. CARABUS NITENS. SHINING CARABUS.

[313]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae ſetaceous. Thorax heart-ſhaped truncated at the apex. [...]lytra margined.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER. AND SYNONYMS. No wings. Elytra rugged, with ſeveral longitudinal ridges, green margin reddiſh gold. Legs black.

  • CARABUS NITENS: apterus elytris porcatus ſcabris viridibus: margine aureo, pedibus nigris. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 669. 6.—Fn. Sv. 185.
  • Carabus nitens. Eab. Ent. Syſt. T. I. p. 131. ſp. 30
  • Carabus nitens. Paykull. Monogr. 24. 12.
  • Carabus aureus. Degeer. Inſ. 4. 94. 9.
  • Schaeff. Icon. tab. 51. fig. 1.
  • Sulz. Hiſt. Inſ. tab. 7. fig. 3.

The Carabus nitens is a very rare and recently diſcovered ſpecies [...]n Great Britain. It is leſs uncommon in other parts of Europe, [...]nd eſpecially in Germany, from whence the Engliſh collectors are uſually furniſhed with ſpecimens for their cabinets.

The ſmalleſt figure denotes the natural ſize.

[figure]


[55]PLATE CCCXIV. SPHINX PORCELLUS. SMALL ELEPHANT HAWK MOTH. LEPIDOPTERA.

[314]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae thickeſt in the middle. Wings deflected when at reſt. Fly ſlow, morning and evening.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings entire, variegated with yellow and purple. Body red, with white ſpots on the under ſide.

  • SPHINX PORCELLUS: alis integris flavo purpureoque variis, abdo⯑mine ſubtus ſanguineo albo punctato. Linn. Syſt.
  • Nat. 2. 801. 18.—Fn. Sv. 1090.
  • Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 1. p. 373. 52.
  • Roeſ. Inſ. 1. phal. 1. tab. 5.
  • Albin. Inſ. tab. 9.
  • Eſp. Inſ. 2. tab. 19.
  • Geoff. Inſ. 2. 88. 12.

A ſpecimen of this Inſect in the winged ſtate was found in Hyde Park this ſummer; it is one of the ſcarceſt of the Britiſh Sphinges, and was found by Harris many years ſince in ‘meadows—Oſterly Wood, near Brentford, May 27th.’

[56]The larva is of an uniform dull brown, with three eye-ſhaped ſpots on each ſide, and is furniſhed with a tail; it feeds on the epilobium, and changes to Chryſalis about the end of July.

[figure]


[57]PLATE CCCXV. RAPHIDIA OPHIOPSIS. NEUROPTERA.

[]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Head depreſſed or flat. Mouth armed with two teeth, and fur⯑niſhed with four palpi. Three ſtemmata. Wings deflected. An⯑tennae long as the thorax, anterior part of which is lengthened out and cylindrical. Tail of the female terminated by a flexible crooked briſtle.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Thorax cylindrical; a brown marginal ſpot on each wing.

  • RAPHIDIA OPHIOPSIS: thorace cylindrico, alis macula marginali fuſca.
  • RAPHIDIA OPHIOPSIS. Linn. Syſt. Nat.
  • Raphidia notata. Fab. Spec. Inſ. 1. p. 402. 106. ſp. 1.
  • Roeſ. Inſ. 3. tab. 21. fig. 67.
  • Scopoli, Carn. 711.
  • Schaeff. Icon. tab. 95. 1. 2.
  • — Elem. tab. 107.

We can ſcarcely conceive what motive induced Fabricius to con⯑found the Raphidia Ophiopſis and notata as one ſpecies in his laſt work, after having deſcribed both with accuracy in his former pub⯑lication: it appears indeed, that his names were erroneous, and his ſynonyms miſapplied; but it was needleſs to correct one error by committing another.

[58]The firſt ſpecies of Raphidiae known, was figured in the works of Roeſel, Die Fleine Landhaelſige. Lanlibelle fig. 6. 7. pl. 21, it was deſcribed in the Fauna Suecica, by Linnaeus, under the ſpecific name Ophiopſis; and again in the Syſtema Natura of the ſame author, with a reference to the only figure of it then extant, that of Roeſel. Hence it appears that the true Raphidia Ophiopſis of Linnaeus, is that figured by this author. In later editions, the works of Sulzer, Schaeffer, Geoffroy and Scopoli, were added to the ſynonyms, but the figures thus quoted, evidently include two ſpecies, one with wings perfectly clear, the other having a marginal black ſpot on each. Linnaeus ſeems to have conſidered the two as varieties of the ſame ſpecies, but he is evidently miſtaken, for the two ſexes of both kinds are now clearly aſcertained.

Fabricius has followed Linnaeus in his Species Inſectorum, has indiſcriminately adopted all the ſynonyms, and thereby confounded all the figures of the two Raphidae that have been noticed by authors on European Inſects, under the name of Ophiopſis: and after this he deſcribes that very ſpecies which has ſpots on the wings as a new and unfigured kind, under the name of notata. Thorace cylindrico alis macula marginali fuſca. Habitat in anglia. Had he referred to the volumes of Roeſel, he muſt have known that his notata was the Linnaean Ophiopſis, and if either Inſect was new, it muſt certainly be that deſtitute of ſpots.

Gmelin in his Syſtema Natura perpetuates the ſame error; he follows the Species Inſectorum of Fabricius, and gives the characters thus: "R. Ophiopſis alis immaculatis. Fab." & ‘R. notata, alis macula marginali fuſca. Fab.’ but whilſt the works of Gmelin are preparing for publication, Fabricius alters his opinion; and in the laſt work. Syſt. Ent. emendet et aucta, aboliſhes his ſpecific cha⯑racters, and merely ſays there is no difference between his former ſpecies "Raphidia notata, nullo modo diſtincta." Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 2. p. 99.

[59]As we have all the ſpecies deſcribed by thoſe authors before us, we ſhall endeavour to reſtore them to order, and that by retaining the former deſcriptions of Fabricius, changing the names, and di⯑viding the ſynonyms, for both are ſufficiently characteriſtic; that with marginal ſpots is figured by Roeſel, Schaeffer and Scopoli, and the immaculated or clear-winged kind by Geoffroy and Sulzer. The firſt we deem the true R. Ophiopſis, and the latter as a diſtinct inſect, which may be called the Raphidia Immaculata with propriety.

Both ſpecies of this ſingular creature are extremely rare. Geoffroy, ſpeaking of the unſpotted kind, ſays he never found it but twice, and then in woods *. The larva is unknown; in the pupa ſtate it is furniſhed with legs, and runs faſt.

[figure]


[61]PLATE CCCXVI. PHALAENA GONONSTIGMA. SCARCE VAPOURER MOTH.

[316]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper from the baſe. Wings in general deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings incumbent, brown. Two white ſpots on the firſt wings; one placed on the anterior, and the other nearly oppoſite, on the poſterior margin. Female without wings.

  • PHALAENA GONONSTIGMA: acis incumbentibus fuſcis: maculis duabus albis oppoſitis, foemina aptera. Linn. Syſt.
  • Nat. 2. 826. 57.—Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 1. p. 477. ſp. 217.
  • Roeſ. Inſ. 1. phal. 2. tab. 40.
  • Albin. Inſ. tab. 90.

The Phalaena Gononſtigma, and Phalaena Antiqua are very ſimilar both in the larva and winged ſtate, as well as in the extraordinary appearance of the apterous female. Hence former collectors of Engliſh inſects denominated them trivially the Scarce and Common Vapourer Moths. It is evident from thoſe alluſive names, that the [62] latter was more frequently taken than the other; at this time Pha⯑laena Antiqua is found very common, but the latter ſo rarely, that we never met with it, in the winged ſtate, till this ſummer.

Once found the larva on an oak in Coombe Wood, Surry, but it died ſoon after.

[figure]


[63]PLATE CCCXVII. PHALAENA PERSICARIAE.

[]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper from the baſe. Wings in general deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax creſted, wings deflexed, dark and clouded. A white kidney-ſhaped ſpot, with a yellow lunar pupil in the middle on each.

  • PHALAENA PERSICARIAE: criſta alis deflexis fuſco nebuloſis: ſtig⯑mate reniformi albo; pupilla lunari flava. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 847. 142.—Fn. Suec. 1208.
  • Geoff. Inſ. 2. 157. 94.
  • Ammir. Inſ. tab. 157.
  • Roeſ. Inſ. I. phal. 2. tab. 30.

A very common inſect; and is often obſerved near fruit trees.

[figure]


[65]PLATE CCCXVIII. PHALAENA DIDACTYLUS. BIFID-WING PLUME MOTH.

[]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper from the baſe. Wings in general deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

* Alucita. Linn.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings divided into plumes, brown, barred with white. Anterior wings conſiſts of two feathers, poſterior pair of three.

  • PHALAENA DIDACTYLUS: alis fiſſis fuſcus: ſtrigis albis anticis bifidis, poſticis tripartitis. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 899. 454.—Fn. Sv. 1453.
  • Pterophorus Didactylus. Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 2. p. 345. ſp. 200.
  • Geoff. Inſ. 2. 92. 2.
  • Wien. Verz. 145. 2.
  • Schaeff. Icon. tab. 93. fig. 7.
  • Elem. tab. 104.
[66]

The larva of this very ſingular creature is ſaid to feed on the convolvulus and Geo rivali. We have conſidered it as one of the ſcarceſt ſpecies of the Plume-Moths found in this country: our ſpecimen was taken in Epping Foreſt, in June It is a moſt beau⯑tiful object for the microſcope.

[figure]


[67]PLATE CCCXIX. SPHINX LOTI. FIVE SPOT BURNET SPHINX.

[319]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae thickeſt in the middle. Wings deflected when at reſt. Fly ſlow, morning and evening.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Anterior wings greeniſh, with five red ſpots. Poſterior wings red, bordered with fine blue.

  • ZYGAENA LOTI: alis anticis viridibus: punctis quinque rubris, poſticis ſanguineis: limbo cyaneo. Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 2. p. 387. ſp. 5.
  • SPHINX LOTI. Wien. Verz. 45. 3.
  • Schaeff. Icon. tab. 16. fig. 6. 7.
  • Sphinx Lonicerae. Eſp. Inſ. 2. tab. 24. fig. 1.

This beautiful little ſpecies may be eaſily confounded with the Sphinx Filipendula, figured in the ſixth plate of this work; its ge⯑neral reſemblance is ſtriking, and it differs chiefly in the number of red ſpots that adorn the ſuperior wings. Sphinx Filipendula has in⯑variably ſix ſpots on each wing, and the latter as conſtantly only five.

[68]Some readers may be inclined to deem it a mere variety of the ſort, from its general appearance, but it will be perceived by the ſynonyms quoted above, that all the continental writers on the ſub⯑ject admit it as a diſtinct ſpecies; nor can we for a moment heſitate to agree in the ſame opinion.

It is rare in this country, and the larva unknown, or at leaſt is undeſcribed.

[figure]


[69]PLATE CCCXX. PAPILIO JANIRA. MEADOW BROWN BUTTERFLY.

[320]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae clubbed at the end. Wings erect when at reſt. Fly by day.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings dentated above, brown beneath, firſt pair yellowiſh, with a black eye-ſhaped mark, ſecond pair browniſh, with two ſmaller eye-ſpots.

  • PAPILIO JANIRA: alis dentatis fuſcis; anticis ſubtus luteis; ocello utrinque unico, poſticis ſubtus punctis tribus.
  • Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 744. 156.—Fn. Sv. 1053.—
  • Fab. Ent. Syſt. 3. p. 1. 241. 752. Schaeff. Icon. tab. 273. fig. 1. 2. 5. 6.—Geoff. Inſ. 2. 49. 17.
  • [...] PAPILIO JURTINA: alis dentatis fuſcis: anticis ſupra litura flava ocello utrinque unico. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 774. 155.—Fn. Sv. 152. Roeſſ. Inſ. 3. tab. 34. fig. 7. 8.

Linnaeus deſcribed the two ſexes of this Butterfly as diſtinct Species under the names of Janira and Jurtina. The firſt is the male and the latter the female inſect.

[70]The larva is hairy, green, with a lateral white line and bifid tail, and feeds on graſs. It is very common in the winged ſtate, fre⯑quenting meadows, &c. whence it is called the Meadow Brown Butterfly.

[figure]


[71]PLATE CCCXXI.

[321]

FIG. I. I. CHRYSOMELA CORYLI. COLEOPTERA.

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae compoſed of globular articulations which become larger towards the ends.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black. Thorax and wing-caſes teſtaceous brown, without ſpots.

  • CHRYSOMELA CORYLI: Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. p. 598. 88.—Fn. Suec. 555.
  • Cryptocephalus. Gmel. Linn. Syſt. Nat. T. 1. p. 6. 1704. ſp. 28.
  • CRYPTOCEPHALUS CORYLI: niger, thorace elytriſque teſtaceis immaculatis. Fab. Spec. Inſ. 1. p. 142. n. 24.

We have frequently obſerved this ſpecies amongſt the Inſects of Germany, where it is probably not uncommon. In England it is very rare, having been found only by the Rev. John Buriel of Letherinſet, near Holt, Norfolk. In one ſex the thorax is red, in the other black.

FIG. II. II. CHRYSOMELA SERICEA.

[72]

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Bluiſh green. Antennae black.

  • CHRYSOMELA SERICEA. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. p. 598. n. 86.— Fn. Sv. 554.
  • Cryptocephalus. Gmel. Linn. Syſt. 1. p. 6. p. 1706. Sp. 43.
  • Cryptocephalus fericeus: viridi-caeruleus antennis nigris. Fab. Sp. Inſ. 1. p. 143. n. 32.

Found in June.

[figure]


[73]PLATE CCCXXII.

[322]

FIG. I. I. PAPILIO ALSUS. LEPIDOPTERA.

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae clubbed at the end. Wings in general erect when at reſt. Fly by day.

Plebeii rurules.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Wings entire brown, without ſpots; beneath grey, with a row of eye-ſhaped ſpots.

  • HESPERIA ALSUS: alis integerrimis fuſcis immaculatis ſubtus cinereis, ſtriga punctorum ocellatorum. Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 1. p. 295. 125. Schaeff. Icon. 2. tab. 165. fig. 1. 2.

This pretty Inſect is found late in June. Its larva is unknown.

FIG. II. II. PAPILIO IDAS.

[74]

SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Wings entire brown. An equal marginal row of red ſpots both on the upper and underſide. A black ſpot in the middle of the anterior wings.

  • PAPILIO IDAS: alis integris fuſcis, faſcia marginali utrinque rubro⯑maculata, anticis macula media nigra.

This inſect muſt not be confounded with the Papilio Idas of Linnaeus. The Linnaean P. Idas is evidently the female of P. Argus, a circumſtance unknown to that author, who conſiders them as a diſtinct ſpecies from their very diſſimilar appearance. In one ſex the upper ſurface is brown, and in the other a fine blue; this is not, however, peculiar to the P. Argus, for ſeveral of the Papilio tribe known amongſt Engliſh collectors by the trivial name Blues differ in the ſame manner.

We ſuſpect that our Inſect has not been deſcribed by any author; it is certainly unnoticed by Fabricius in his laſt Syſtem of Entomo⯑logy, and the ſpecific name Idas omitted. This name is therefore preferred for our Inſect, which ſeems to approach nearer to the female Argus deſcribed by Linnaeus as Idas, than to any other. Found in May.

[figure]


[75]PLATE CCCXXIII. SCARABAEUS LURIDUS.

[323]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae terminate in a club, which is divided longitudinally into laminae or plates.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Scutellum, thorax and head black. Wing-caſes pale brown, ſtriated, and ſomewhat teſſellated with linear black marks.

  • SCARABAEUS LURIDUS: ſcutellatus capite tuberculato ater, elytris griſeis nigro ſtriatis. Fab. Ent. Syſt. T. 1. p. 29. Sp. 91.
  • SCARABAEUS LURIDUS. Oliv. Inſ. 1. 3. 90. 100. tab. 18. fig. 68. and tab. 26. fig. 168.
  • Scarabaeus teſſellatus. Myll. Zool. Dan. Jabl. Coleopt. 2. tab. 18. fig. 3.

Fabricius deſcribes this ſpecies from a ſpecimen in the cabinet of Sir J. Banks, and notes its habitat England. From this circum⯑ſtance we may infer that it is not common in other countries, though we are certain it is a native of Denmark and Germany.

[figure]


[77]PLATE CCCXXIV. PHALAENA SPONSA. CRIMSON UNDERWING MOTH.

[324]

GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae ſetaceous. Wing deflexed when at reſt. Fly by night.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax creſted. Anterior wings greyiſh, undulated, ſpotted with brown. Poſterior pair crimſon, with two black bars acroſs. Abdomen grey.

  • PHALAENA SPONSA: criſta, alis planis cineraſcentibus fuſco undu⯑latis: poſticis rubris; faſciis duabus nigris, abdo⯑mine undique cinereo. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2. 841. 118. Roeſ. Inſ. 4. tab. 19.

In the deſcription of Phalaena Nupta, we have offered ſome re⯑marks on the Sponſa, Nupta, and Pacta of Linnaeus and Fabricius; and have only to add in this place, that an accurate figure of P. Pacta is given in Fueſl. Archiv. tab. 15. fig. 3. This figure is ſmaller than the ſpecies found in Great Britain, and in particular has the upper ſurface of the abdomen crimſon, as authors have de⯑ſcribed it.

[78]The Synonyms of the three ſpecies, as they ſtand in the works of Linnaeus and Fabricius, are very incorrect. We venture to retain that to Roeſel's plate, vol. 4. t. 19. in which the larva we have figured is given.

The Caterpillars feed on the tops of the higheſt Oaks, change to the pupa ſtate in June, and appears a winged Inſect early in the month following.

Appendix A LINNAEAN INDEX TO VOL. IX.

[]
COLEOPTERA.
  • Scarabaeus luridus Plate 322
  • Chryſomela coryli Plate 321 Fig. 1.
  • — ſericea Plate 321 Fig. 2.
  • Cerambyx oculatus Plate 305
  • Cicindela riparia Plate 301
  • Dytiſcus punctatus Plate 303
  • Carabus nitens Plate 313
  • Staphilinus Erythropterus Plate 308
HEMIPTERA.
  • Cimex bicolor Plate 297
LEPIDOPTERA.
  • Papilio Cardui Plate 292
  • — Janira Plate 320
  • — Jurtina Plate 320
  • — Aglaja Plate 302
  • []Papilio Euphroſyne Plate 312
  • — Comma Plate 295
  • — Alſus Plate 322 Fig. 1. 1.
  • — Idas Plate 322 Fig. 2. 2.
  • Sphinx Pinaſtri Plate 296
  • — Porcellus Plate 214
  • — Loti Plate 319
  • Phalaena Populi Plate 307
  • — gonoſtigma Plate 316
  • — roboris Plate 299
  • — perſicariae Plate 317
  • — ſponſa Plate 324
  • — pronuba Plate 311
  • — Coryli Plate 389
  • — triplacia Plate 298
  • — abſinthii Plate 304
  • — Quadra Plate 306
  • — Ulmata Plate 293 Fig. 1.
  • — marginata Plate 293 Fig. 2.
  • — prunaria Plate 293 Fig. 3.
  • — vernaria Plate 310
  • — didactylus Plate 318
NEUROPTERA.
  • Raphidia Ophiopſis Plate 315
DIPTERA.
  • Tipula pomonae Plate 300
  • Muſca ſolſtitialis Plate 294

Appendix B ALPHABETICAL INDEX TO VOL. IX.

[]
  • Abſinthii, Phalaena, Wormwood Moth Plate 304
  • Aglaja, Papilio, Silver Spot Fritillary Butterfly Plate 302
  • Alſus, Papilio Plate 322
  • bicolor, Cimex, black and white Field Bug Plate 297
  • Cardui, Papilio, Painted Lady Butterfly Plate 392
  • Comma, Papilio, Pearl Skipper Butterfly Plate 295
  • Coryli, Phalaena, Nut-tree Tuſſock Plate 309
  • Didactylus, Phalaena, bifid-wing Plume Moth Plate 318
  • Erythropterus, Staphilinus Plate 308
  • Euphroſyne, Papilio, Pearl Border Fritillary Butterfly Plate 312
  • gonoſtigma, Phalaena, Scarce Vapourer Plate 316
  • Janira, Papilio, Meadow Brown Moth Plate 320
  • Idas, Papilio Plate 323 Fig. 2. 2.
  • Jurtina, Papilio Plate 320
  • Loti, Sphinx, Five Spot Burnet Moth Plate 319
  • marginata, Phalaena Plate 293 Fig. 2.
  • nitens, Scarabaeus, Shining Carabus Plate 313
  • oculatus, Cerambyx Plate 305
  • ophiopſis, Raphidia Plate 315
  • perſicariae, Phalaena Plate 317
  • pinaſtri, Sphinx. Pine Hawk Moth Plate 296
  • pomonae, Tipula Plate 300
  • populi, Phalaena, December Moth Plate 307
  • parcellus, Sphinx, Small Elephant, Hawk Moth Plate 314
  • []pronuba, Phalaena, Yellow Underwing Moth Plate 311
  • prunaria, Phalaena, Female Orange Moth Plate 293 Fig. 3.
  • 2. punctatus, Dytiſcus, Two-ſpot Boat Beetle Plate 303
  • Quadra, Phalaena, Spotted Footman Moth Plate 306
  • riparia, Cicindela Plate 301
  • roboris, Phalaena Plate 299
  • ſolſtitialis, Muſca Plate 294
  • Sponſa, Phalaena, Crimſon Underwing Moth Plate 324
  • triplacia, Phalaena, Spectacle Moth Plate 298
  • Ulmata, Phalaena, Scarce Elm Moth Plate 293 Fig. 1.
  • Vernaria, Phalaena, Green Houſewife Moth Plate 310
Notes
*
As the ſpecific name Marginata occur, in the deſcription of a Moth in Plate CL. it may be proper to obſerve, that the Inſect there figured, is Noctua Marginata of Fabricius.—The ſectional diviſions of the Phalaenae muſt be particularly attended to, when the ſame ſpecific name occurs more than once.
*
Geoffroy Hiſtoire des Inſectes.
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TextGrid Repository (2020). TEI. 4809 The natural history of British insects explaining them in their several states with the periods of their transformations their food Å conomy c Together with the history of such minute insects a. University of Oxford Text Archive. . https://hdl.handle.net/21.T11991/0000-001A-5C87-5